django1/django/db/models/base.py

import django.db.models.manipulators
import django.db.models.manager
from django.core import validators
from django.core.exceptions import ObjectDoesNotExist
from django.db.models.fields import AutoField, ImageField, FieldDoesNotExist
from django.db.models.fields.related import OneToOneRel, ManyToOneRel
from django.db.models.related import RelatedObject
from django.db.models.query import orderlist2sql, delete_objects
from django.db.models.options import Options, AdminOptions
from django.db import connection, backend, transaction
from django.db.models import signals
from django.db.models.loading import register_models
from django.dispatch import dispatcher
from django.utils.datastructures import SortedDict
from django.utils.functional import curry
from django.conf import settings
import types
import sys
import os

class ModelBase(type):
    "Metaclass for all models"
    def __new__(cls, name, bases, attrs):
        # If this isn't a subclass of Model, don't do anything special.
        if not bases or bases == (object,):
            return type.__new__(cls, name, bases, attrs)

        # Create the class.
        new_class = type.__new__(cls, name, bases, {'__module__': attrs.pop('__module__')})
        new_class.add_to_class('_meta', Options(attrs.pop('Meta', None)))
        new_class.add_to_class('DoesNotExist', types.ClassType('DoesNotExist', (ObjectDoesNotExist,), {}))

        # Build complete list of parents
        for base in bases:
            # TODO: Checking for the presence of '_meta' is hackish.
            if '_meta' in dir(base):
                new_class._meta.parents.append(base)
                new_class._meta.parents.extend(base._meta.parents)

        model_module = sys.modules[new_class.__module__]

        if getattr(new_class._meta, 'app_label', None) is None:
            # Figure out the app_label by looking one level up.
            # For 'django.contrib.sites.models', this would be 'sites'.
            new_class._meta.app_label = model_module.__name__.split('.')[-2]

        # Add all attributes to the class.
        for obj_name, obj in attrs.items():
            new_class.add_to_class(obj_name, obj)

        # Add Fields inherited from parents
        for parent in new_class._meta.parents:
            for field in parent._meta.fields:
                # Only add parent fields if they aren't defined for this class.
                try:
                    new_class._meta.get_field(field.name)
                except FieldDoesNotExist:
                    field.contribute_to_class(new_class, field.name)

        new_class._prepare()

        register_models(new_class._meta.app_label, new_class)
        return new_class

class Model(object):
    __metaclass__ = ModelBase

    def _get_pk_val(self):
        return getattr(self, self._meta.pk.attname)

    def __repr__(self):
        return '<%s: %s>' % (self.__class__.__name__, self)

    def __str__(self):
        return '%s object' % self.__class__.__name__

    def __eq__(self, other):
        return isinstance(other, self.__class__) and self._get_pk_val() == other._get_pk_val()

    def __ne__(self, other):
        return not self.__eq__(other)

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        dispatcher.send(signal=signals.pre_init, sender=self.__class__, args=args, kwargs=kwargs)
        for f in self._meta.fields:
            if isinstance(f.rel, ManyToOneRel):
                try:
                    # Assume object instance was passed in.
                    rel_obj = kwargs.pop(f.name)
                except KeyError:
                    try:
                        # Object instance wasn't passed in -- must be an ID.
                        val = kwargs.pop(f.attname)
                    except KeyError:
                        val = f.get_default()
                else:
                    # Object instance was passed in.
                    # Special case: You can pass in "None" for related objects if it's allowed.
                    if rel_obj is None and f.null:
                        val = None
                    else:
                        try:
                            val = getattr(rel_obj, f.rel.get_related_field().attname)
                        except AttributeError:
                            raise TypeError, "Invalid value: %r should be a %s instance, not a %s" % (f.name, f.rel.to, type(rel_obj))
                setattr(self, f.attname, val)
            else:
                val = kwargs.pop(f.attname, f.get_default())
                setattr(self, f.attname, val)
        for prop in kwargs.keys():
            try:
                if isinstance(getattr(self.__class__, prop), property):
                    setattr(self, prop, kwargs.pop(prop))
            except AttributeError:
                pass
        if kwargs:
            raise TypeError, "'%s' is an invalid keyword argument for this function" % kwargs.keys()[0]
        for i, arg in enumerate(args):
            setattr(self, self._meta.fields[i].attname, arg)
        dispatcher.send(signal=signals.post_init, sender=self.__class__, instance=self)

    def add_to_class(cls, name, value):
        if name == 'Admin':
            assert type(value) == types.ClassType, "%r attribute of %s model must be a class, not a %s object" % (name, cls.__name__, type(value))
            value = AdminOptions(**dict([(k, v) for k, v in value.__dict__.items() if not k.startswith('_')]))
        if hasattr(value, 'contribute_to_class'):
            value.contribute_to_class(cls, name)
        else:
            setattr(cls, name, value)
    add_to_class = classmethod(add_to_class)

    def _prepare(cls):
        # Creates some methods once self._meta has been populated.
        opts = cls._meta
        opts._prepare(cls)

        if opts.order_with_respect_to:
            cls.get_next_in_order = curry(cls._get_next_or_previous_in_order, is_next=True)
            cls.get_previous_in_order = curry(cls._get_next_or_previous_in_order, is_next=False)
            setattr(opts.order_with_respect_to.rel.to, 'get_%s_order' % cls.__name__.lower(), curry(method_get_order, cls))
            setattr(opts.order_with_respect_to.rel.to, 'set_%s_order' % cls.__name__.lower(), curry(method_set_order, cls))

        # Give the class a docstring -- its definition.
        if cls.__doc__ is None:
            cls.__doc__ = "%s(%s)" % (cls.__name__, ", ".join([f.attname for f in opts.fields]))

        if hasattr(cls, 'get_absolute_url'):
            cls.get_absolute_url = curry(get_absolute_url, opts, cls.get_absolute_url)

        dispatcher.send(signal=signals.class_prepared, sender=cls)

    _prepare = classmethod(_prepare)

    def save(self):
        dispatcher.send(signal=signals.pre_save, sender=self.__class__, instance=self)

        non_pks = [f for f in self._meta.fields if not f.primary_key]
        cursor = connection.cursor()

        # First, try an UPDATE. If that doesn't update anything, do an INSERT.
        pk_val = self._get_pk_val()
        pk_set = bool(pk_val)
        record_exists = True
        if pk_set:
            # Determine whether a record with the primary key already exists.
            cursor.execute("SELECT 1 FROM %s WHERE %s=%%s LIMIT 1" % \
                (backend.quote_name(self._meta.db_table), backend.quote_name(self._meta.pk.column)), [pk_val])
            # If it does already exist, do an UPDATE.
            if cursor.fetchone():
                db_values = [f.get_db_prep_save(f.pre_save(self, False)) for f in non_pks]
                cursor.execute("UPDATE %s SET %s WHERE %s=%%s" % \
                    (backend.quote_name(self._meta.db_table),
                    ','.join(['%s=%%s' % backend.quote_name(f.column) for f in non_pks]),
                    backend.quote_name(self._meta.pk.column)),
                    db_values + [pk_val])
            else:
                record_exists = False
        if not pk_set or not record_exists:
            field_names = [backend.quote_name(f.column) for f in self._meta.fields if not isinstance(f, AutoField)]
            db_values = [f.get_db_prep_save(f.pre_save(self, True)) for f in self._meta.fields if not isinstance(f, AutoField)]
            # If the PK has been manually set, respect that.
            if pk_set:
                field_names += [f.column for f in self._meta.fields if isinstance(f, AutoField)]
                db_values += [f.get_db_prep_save(f.pre_save(self, True)) for f in self._meta.fields if isinstance(f, AutoField)]
            placeholders = ['%s'] * len(field_names)
            if self._meta.order_with_respect_to:
                field_names.append(backend.quote_name('_order'))
                # TODO: This assumes the database supports subqueries.
                placeholders.append('(SELECT COUNT(*) FROM %s WHERE %s = %%s)' % \
                    (backend.quote_name(self._meta.db_table), backend.quote_name(self._meta.order_with_respect_to.column)))
                db_values.append(getattr(self, self._meta.order_with_respect_to.attname))
            if db_values:
                cursor.execute("INSERT INTO %s (%s) VALUES (%s)" % \
                    (backend.quote_name(self._meta.db_table), ','.join(field_names),
                    ','.join(placeholders)), db_values)
            else:
                # Create a new record with defaults for everything.
                cursor.execute("INSERT INTO %s (%s) VALUES (%s)" %
                    (backend.quote_name(self._meta.db_table), 
                     backend.quote_name(self._meta.pk.column),
                     backend.get_pk_default_value()))
            if self._meta.has_auto_field and not pk_set:
                setattr(self, self._meta.pk.attname, backend.get_last_insert_id(cursor, self._meta.db_table, self._meta.pk.column))
        transaction.commit_unless_managed()

        # Run any post-save hooks.
        dispatcher.send(signal=signals.post_save, sender=self.__class__, instance=self)

    save.alters_data = True

    def validate(self):
        """
        First coerces all fields on this instance to their proper Python types.
        Then runs validation on every field. Returns a dictionary of
        field_name -> error_list.
        """
        error_dict = {}
        invalid_python = {}
        for f in self._meta.fields:
            try:
                setattr(self, f.attname, f.to_python(getattr(self, f.attname, f.get_default())))
            except validators.ValidationError, e:
                error_dict[f.name] = e.messages
                invalid_python[f.name] = 1
        for f in self._meta.fields:
            if f.name in invalid_python:
                continue
            errors = f.validate_full(getattr(self, f.attname, f.get_default()), self.__dict__)
            if errors:
                error_dict[f.name] = errors
        return error_dict

    def _collect_sub_objects(self, seen_objs):
        """
        Recursively populates seen_objs with all objects related to this object.
        When done, seen_objs will be in the format:
            {model_class: {pk_val: obj, pk_val: obj, ...},
             model_class: {pk_val: obj, pk_val: obj, ...}, ...}
        """
        pk_val = self._get_pk_val()
        if pk_val in seen_objs.setdefault(self.__class__, {}):
            return
        seen_objs.setdefault(self.__class__, {})[pk_val] = self

        for related in self._meta.get_all_related_objects():
            rel_opts_name = related.get_accessor_name()
            if isinstance(related.field.rel, OneToOneRel):
                try:
                    sub_obj = getattr(self, rel_opts_name)
                except ObjectDoesNotExist:
                    pass
                else:
                    sub_obj._collect_sub_objects(seen_objs)
            else:
                for sub_obj in getattr(self, rel_opts_name).all():
                    sub_obj._collect_sub_objects(seen_objs)

    def delete(self):
        assert self._get_pk_val() is not None, "%s object can't be deleted because its %s attribute is set to None." % (self._meta.object_name, self._meta.pk.attname)

        # Find all the objects than need to be deleted
        seen_objs = SortedDict()
        self._collect_sub_objects(seen_objs)

        # Actually delete the objects
        delete_objects(seen_objs)

    delete.alters_data = True

    def _get_FIELD_display(self, field):
        value = getattr(self, field.attname)
        return dict(field.choices).get(value, value)

    def _get_next_or_previous_by_FIELD(self, field, is_next):
        op = is_next and '>' or '<'
        where = '(%s %s %%s OR (%s = %%s AND %s.%s %s %%s))' % \
            (backend.quote_name(field.column), op, backend.quote_name(field.column),
            backend.quote_name(self._meta.db_table), backend.quote_name(self._meta.pk.column), op)
        param = str(getattr(self, field.attname))
        q = self.__class__._default_manager.order_by((not is_next and '-' or '') + field.name, (not is_next and '-' or '') + self._meta.pk.name)
        q._where.append(where)
        q._params.extend([param, param, getattr(self, self._meta.pk.attname)])
        try:
            return q[0]
        except IndexError:
            raise self.DoesNotExist, "%s matching query does not exist." % self.__class__._meta.object_name

    def _get_next_or_previous_in_order(self, is_next):
        cachename = "__%s_order_cache" % is_next
        if not hasattr(self, cachename):
            op = is_next and '>' or '<'
            order_field = self._meta.order_with_respect_to
            where = ['%s %s (SELECT %s FROM %s WHERE %s=%%s)' % \
                (backend.quote_name('_order'), op, backend.quote_name('_order'),
                backend.quote_name(self._meta.db_table), backend.quote_name(self._meta.pk.column)),
                '%s=%%s' % backend.quote_name(order_field.column)]
            params = [self._get_pk_val(), getattr(self, order_field.attname)]
            obj = self._default_manager.order_by('_order').extra(where=where, params=params)[:1].get()
            setattr(self, cachename, obj)
        return getattr(self, cachename)

    def _get_FIELD_filename(self, field):
        if getattr(self, field.attname): # value is not blank
            return os.path.join(settings.MEDIA_ROOT, getattr(self, field.attname))
        return ''

    def _get_FIELD_url(self, field):
        if getattr(self, field.attname): # value is not blank
            import urlparse
            return urlparse.urljoin(settings.MEDIA_URL, getattr(self, field.attname)).replace('\\', '/')
        return ''

    def _get_FIELD_size(self, field):
        return os.path.getsize(self._get_FIELD_filename(field))

    def _save_FIELD_file(self, field, filename, raw_contents):
        directory = field.get_directory_name()
        try: # Create the date-based directory if it doesn't exist.
            os.makedirs(os.path.join(settings.MEDIA_ROOT, directory))
        except OSError: # Directory probably already exists.
            pass
        filename = field.get_filename(filename)

        # If the filename already exists, keep adding an underscore to the name of
        # the file until the filename doesn't exist.
        while os.path.exists(os.path.join(settings.MEDIA_ROOT, filename)):
            try:
                dot_index = filename.rindex('.')
            except ValueError: # filename has no dot
                filename += '_'
            else:
                filename = filename[:dot_index] + '_' + filename[dot_index:]

        # Write the file to disk.
        setattr(self, field.attname, filename)

        full_filename = self._get_FIELD_filename(field)
        fp = open(full_filename, 'wb')
        fp.write(raw_contents)
        fp.close()

        # Save the width and/or height, if applicable.
        if isinstance(field, ImageField) and (field.width_field or field.height_field):
            from django.utils.images import get_image_dimensions
            width, height = get_image_dimensions(full_filename)
            if field.width_field:
                setattr(self, field.width_field, width)
            if field.height_field:
                setattr(self, field.height_field, height)

        # Save the object, because it has changed.
        self.save()

    _save_FIELD_file.alters_data = True

    def _get_FIELD_width(self, field):
        return self._get_image_dimensions(field)[0]

    def _get_FIELD_height(self, field):
        return self._get_image_dimensions(field)[1]

    def _get_image_dimensions(self, field):
        cachename = "__%s_dimensions_cache" % field.name
        if not hasattr(self, cachename):
            from django.utils.images import get_image_dimensions
            filename = self._get_FIELD_filename(field)()
            setattr(self, cachename, get_image_dimensions(filename))
        return getattr(self, cachename)

    # Handles setting many-to-many related objects.
    # Example: Album.set_songs()
    def _set_related_many_to_many(self, rel_class, rel_field, id_list):
        id_list = map(int, id_list) # normalize to integers
        rel = rel_field.rel.to
        m2m_table = rel_field.m2m_db_table()
        this_id = self._get_pk_val()
        cursor = connection.cursor()
        cursor.execute("DELETE FROM %s WHERE %s = %%s" % \
            (backend.quote_name(m2m_table),
            backend.quote_name(rel_field.m2m_column_name())), [this_id])
        sql = "INSERT INTO %s (%s, %s) VALUES (%%s, %%s)" % \
            (backend.quote_name(m2m_table),
            backend.quote_name(rel_field.m2m_column_name()),
            backend.quote_name(rel_field.m2m_reverse_name()))
        cursor.executemany(sql, [(this_id, i) for i in id_list])
        transaction.commit_unless_managed()

############################################
# HELPER FUNCTIONS (CURRIED MODEL METHODS) #
############################################

# ORDERING METHODS #########################

def method_set_order(ordered_obj, self, id_list):
    cursor = connection.cursor()
    # Example: "UPDATE poll_choices SET _order = %s WHERE poll_id = %s AND id = %s"
    sql = "UPDATE %s SET %s = %%s WHERE %s = %%s AND %s = %%s" % \
        (backend.quote_name(ordered_obj.db_table), backend.quote_name('_order'),
        backend.quote_name(ordered_obj.order_with_respect_to.column),
        backend.quote_name(ordered_obj.pk.column))
    rel_val = getattr(self, ordered_obj.order_with_respect_to.rel.field_name)
    cursor.executemany(sql, [(i, rel_val, j) for i, j in enumerate(id_list)])
    transaction.commit_unless_managed()

def method_get_order(ordered_obj, self):
    cursor = connection.cursor()
    # Example: "SELECT id FROM poll_choices WHERE poll_id = %s ORDER BY _order"
    sql = "SELECT %s FROM %s WHERE %s = %%s ORDER BY %s" % \
        (backend.quote_name(ordered_obj._meta.pk.column),
        backend.quote_name(ordered_obj._meta.db_table),
        backend.quote_name(ordered_obj._meta.order_with_respect_to.column),
        backend.quote_name('_order'))
    rel_val = getattr(self, ordered_obj._meta.order_with_respect_to.rel.field_name)
    cursor.execute(sql, [rel_val])
    return [r[0] for r in cursor.fetchall()]

##############################################
# HELPER FUNCTIONS (CURRIED MODEL FUNCTIONS) #
##############################################

def get_absolute_url(opts, func, self):
    return settings.ABSOLUTE_URL_OVERRIDES.get('%s.%s' % (opts.app_label, opts.module_name), func)(self)