diff --git a/django/utils/text.py b/django/utils/text.py
index a77f27eed7..ec7af5389c 100644
--- a/django/utils/text.py
+++ b/django/utils/text.py
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ def phone2numeric(phone):
 # Used with permission.
 def compress_string(s):
     zbuf = BytesIO()
-    with GzipFile(mode='wb', compresslevel=6, fileobj=zbuf) as zfile:
+    with GzipFile(mode='wb', compresslevel=6, fileobj=zbuf, mtime=0) as zfile:
         zfile.write(s)
     return zbuf.getvalue()
 
@@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ class StreamingBuffer(object):
 # Like compress_string, but for iterators of strings.
 def compress_sequence(sequence):
     buf = StreamingBuffer()
-    with GzipFile(mode='wb', compresslevel=6, fileobj=buf) as zfile:
+    with GzipFile(mode='wb', compresslevel=6, fileobj=buf, mtime=0) as zfile:
         # Output headers...
         yield buf.read()
         for item in sequence:
diff --git a/tests/middleware/tests.py b/tests/middleware/tests.py
index db8ed6ea90..12109b3137 100644
--- a/tests/middleware/tests.py
+++ b/tests/middleware/tests.py
@@ -770,6 +770,12 @@ class GZipMiddlewareTest(SimpleTestCase):
         with gzip.GzipFile(mode='rb', fileobj=BytesIO(gzipped_string)) as f:
             return f.read()
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def get_mtime(gzipped_string):
+        with gzip.GzipFile(mode='rb', fileobj=BytesIO(gzipped_string)) as f:
+            f.read()  # must read the data before accessing the header
+            return f.mtime
+
     def test_compress_response(self):
         """
         Compression is performed on responses with compressible content.
@@ -850,6 +856,20 @@ class GZipMiddlewareTest(SimpleTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(r.content, self.incompressible_string)
         self.assertIsNone(r.get('Content-Encoding'))
 
+    def test_compress_deterministic(self):
+        """
+        Compression results are the same for the same content and don't
+        include a modification time (since that would make the results
+        of compression non-deterministic and prevent
+        ConditionalGetMiddleware from recognizing conditional matches
+        on gzipped content).
+        """
+        r1 = GZipMiddleware().process_response(self.req, self.resp)
+        r2 = GZipMiddleware().process_response(self.req, self.resp)
+        self.assertEqual(r1.content, r2.content)
+        self.assertEqual(self.get_mtime(r1.content), 0)
+        self.assertEqual(self.get_mtime(r2.content), 0)
+
 
 @ignore_warnings(category=RemovedInDjango21Warning)
 @override_settings(USE_ETAGS=True)