diff --git a/tests/admin_utils/test_logentry.py b/tests/admin_utils/test_logentry.py
index fec06c3446..ca7c7a4c41 100644
--- a/tests/admin_utils/test_logentry.py
+++ b/tests/admin_utils/test_logentry.py
@@ -15,19 +15,22 @@ from .models import Article, ArticleProxy, Site
 
 @override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='admin_utils.urls')
 class LogEntryTests(TestCase):
-    def setUp(self):
-        self.user = User.objects.create_superuser(username='super', password='secret', email='super@example.com')
-        self.site = Site.objects.create(domain='example.org')
-        self.a1 = Article.objects.create(
-            site=self.site,
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpTestData(cls):
+        cls.user = User.objects.create_superuser(username='super', password='secret', email='super@example.com')
+        cls.site = Site.objects.create(domain='example.org')
+        cls.a1 = Article.objects.create(
+            site=cls.site,
             title="Title",
             created=datetime(2008, 3, 12, 11, 54),
         )
         content_type_pk = ContentType.objects.get_for_model(Article).pk
         LogEntry.objects.log_action(
-            self.user.pk, content_type_pk, self.a1.pk, repr(self.a1), CHANGE,
+            cls.user.pk, content_type_pk, cls.a1.pk, repr(cls.a1), CHANGE,
             change_message='Changed something'
         )
+
+    def setUp(self):
         self.client.force_login(self.user)
 
     def test_logentry_save(self):
diff --git a/tests/admin_utils/tests.py b/tests/admin_utils/tests.py
index cf0d3e064e..8e50556c75 100644
--- a/tests/admin_utils/tests.py
+++ b/tests/admin_utils/tests.py
@@ -22,9 +22,10 @@ class NestedObjectsTests(TestCase):
     """
     Tests for ``NestedObject`` utility collection.
     """
-    def setUp(self):
-        self.n = NestedObjects(using=DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS)
-        self.objs = [Count.objects.create(num=i) for i in range(5)]
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpTestData(cls):
+        cls.n = NestedObjects(using=DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS)
+        cls.objs = [Count.objects.create(num=i) for i in range(5)]
 
     def _check(self, target):
         self.assertEqual(self.n.nested(lambda obj: obj.num), target)
diff --git a/tests/auth_tests/test_middleware.py b/tests/auth_tests/test_middleware.py
index 5538225acb..fb23ed9fba 100644
--- a/tests/auth_tests/test_middleware.py
+++ b/tests/auth_tests/test_middleware.py
@@ -6,8 +6,11 @@ from django.test import TestCase
 
 
 class TestAuthenticationMiddleware(TestCase):
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpTestData(cls):
+        cls.user = User.objects.create_user('test_user', 'test@example.com', 'test_password')
+
     def setUp(self):
-        self.user = User.objects.create_user('test_user', 'test@example.com', 'test_password')
         self.middleware = AuthenticationMiddleware(lambda req: HttpResponse())
         self.client.force_login(self.user)
         self.request = HttpRequest()
diff --git a/tests/contenttypes_tests/test_management.py b/tests/contenttypes_tests/test_management.py
index 65842aa09e..57d3757abe 100644
--- a/tests/contenttypes_tests/test_management.py
+++ b/tests/contenttypes_tests/test_management.py
@@ -20,9 +20,12 @@ class RemoveStaleContentTypesTests(TestCase):
         'django.contrib.contenttypes',
     ]
 
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpTestData(cls):
+        cls.before_count = ContentType.objects.count()
+        cls.content_type = ContentType.objects.create(app_label='contenttypes_tests', model='Fake')
+
     def setUp(self):
-        self.before_count = ContentType.objects.count()
-        self.content_type = ContentType.objects.create(app_label='contenttypes_tests', model='Fake')
         self.app_config = apps.get_app_config('contenttypes_tests')
 
     def test_interactive_true_with_dependent_objects(self):
diff --git a/tests/generic_relations/tests.py b/tests/generic_relations/tests.py
index 683efaddfb..0eb9dee03b 100644
--- a/tests/generic_relations/tests.py
+++ b/tests/generic_relations/tests.py
@@ -13,25 +13,26 @@ from .models import (
 
 
 class GenericRelationsTests(TestCase):
-    def setUp(self):
-        self.lion = Animal.objects.create(
-            common_name="Lion", latin_name="Panthera leo")
-        self.platypus = Animal.objects.create(
-            common_name="Platypus", latin_name="Ornithorhynchus anatinus")
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpTestData(cls):
+        cls.lion = Animal.objects.create(common_name='Lion', latin_name='Panthera leo')
+        cls.platypus = Animal.objects.create(
+            common_name='Platypus',
+            latin_name='Ornithorhynchus anatinus',
+        )
         Vegetable.objects.create(name="Eggplant", is_yucky=True)
-        self.bacon = Vegetable.objects.create(name="Bacon", is_yucky=False)
-        self.quartz = Mineral.objects.create(name="Quartz", hardness=7)
+        cls.bacon = Vegetable.objects.create(name='Bacon', is_yucky=False)
+        cls.quartz = Mineral.objects.create(name='Quartz', hardness=7)
 
         # Tagging stuff.
-        self.bacon.tags.create(tag="fatty")
-        self.bacon.tags.create(tag="salty")
-        self.lion.tags.create(tag="yellow")
-        self.lion.tags.create(tag="hairy")
+        cls.bacon.tags.create(tag='fatty')
+        cls.bacon.tags.create(tag='salty')
+        cls.lion.tags.create(tag='yellow')
+        cls.lion.tags.create(tag='hairy')
 
+    def comp_func(self, obj):
         # Original list of tags:
-        self.comp_func = lambda obj: (
-            obj.tag, obj.content_type.model_class(), obj.object_id
-        )
+        return obj.tag, obj.content_type.model_class(), obj.object_id
 
     def test_generic_update_or_create_when_created(self):
         """
diff --git a/tests/many_to_many/tests.py b/tests/many_to_many/tests.py
index b4314580ec..1359cf0773 100644
--- a/tests/many_to_many/tests.py
+++ b/tests/many_to_many/tests.py
@@ -10,24 +10,25 @@ from .models import (
 
 class ManyToManyTests(TestCase):
 
-    def setUp(self):
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpTestData(cls):
         # Create a couple of Publications.
-        self.p1 = Publication.objects.create(title='The Python Journal')
-        self.p2 = Publication.objects.create(title='Science News')
-        self.p3 = Publication.objects.create(title='Science Weekly')
-        self.p4 = Publication.objects.create(title='Highlights for Children')
+        cls.p1 = Publication.objects.create(title='The Python Journal')
+        cls.p2 = Publication.objects.create(title='Science News')
+        cls.p3 = Publication.objects.create(title='Science Weekly')
+        cls.p4 = Publication.objects.create(title='Highlights for Children')
 
-        self.a1 = Article.objects.create(headline='Django lets you build Web apps easily')
-        self.a1.publications.add(self.p1)
+        cls.a1 = Article.objects.create(headline='Django lets you build Web apps easily')
+        cls.a1.publications.add(cls.p1)
 
-        self.a2 = Article.objects.create(headline='NASA uses Python')
-        self.a2.publications.add(self.p1, self.p2, self.p3, self.p4)
+        cls.a2 = Article.objects.create(headline='NASA uses Python')
+        cls.a2.publications.add(cls.p1, cls.p2, cls.p3, cls.p4)
 
-        self.a3 = Article.objects.create(headline='NASA finds intelligent life on Earth')
-        self.a3.publications.add(self.p2)
+        cls.a3 = Article.objects.create(headline='NASA finds intelligent life on Earth')
+        cls.a3.publications.add(cls.p2)
 
-        self.a4 = Article.objects.create(headline='Oxygen-free diet works wonders')
-        self.a4.publications.add(self.p2)
+        cls.a4 = Article.objects.create(headline='Oxygen-free diet works wonders')
+        cls.a4.publications.add(cls.p2)
 
     def test_add(self):
         # Create an Article.
diff --git a/tests/many_to_one/tests.py b/tests/many_to_one/tests.py
index 76ef4921dd..e1bfa0dcf6 100644
--- a/tests/many_to_one/tests.py
+++ b/tests/many_to_one/tests.py
@@ -14,15 +14,16 @@ from .models import (
 
 
 class ManyToOneTests(TestCase):
-    def setUp(self):
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpTestData(cls):
         # Create a few Reporters.
-        self.r = Reporter(first_name='John', last_name='Smith', email='john@example.com')
-        self.r.save()
-        self.r2 = Reporter(first_name='Paul', last_name='Jones', email='paul@example.com')
-        self.r2.save()
+        cls.r = Reporter(first_name='John', last_name='Smith', email='john@example.com')
+        cls.r.save()
+        cls.r2 = Reporter(first_name='Paul', last_name='Jones', email='paul@example.com')
+        cls.r2.save()
         # Create an Article.
-        self.a = Article(headline="This is a test", pub_date=datetime.date(2005, 7, 27), reporter=self.r)
-        self.a.save()
+        cls.a = Article(headline='This is a test', pub_date=datetime.date(2005, 7, 27), reporter=cls.r)
+        cls.a.save()
 
     def test_get(self):
         # Article objects have access to their related Reporter objects.
diff --git a/tests/many_to_one_null/tests.py b/tests/many_to_one_null/tests.py
index 6ccabefe66..401e41b447 100644
--- a/tests/many_to_one_null/tests.py
+++ b/tests/many_to_one_null/tests.py
@@ -4,22 +4,23 @@ from .models import Article, Car, Driver, Reporter
 
 
 class ManyToOneNullTests(TestCase):
-    def setUp(self):
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpTestData(cls):
         # Create a Reporter.
-        self.r = Reporter(name='John Smith')
-        self.r.save()
+        cls.r = Reporter(name='John Smith')
+        cls.r.save()
         # Create an Article.
-        self.a = Article(headline="First", reporter=self.r)
-        self.a.save()
+        cls.a = Article(headline='First', reporter=cls.r)
+        cls.a.save()
         # Create an Article via the Reporter object.
-        self.a2 = self.r.article_set.create(headline="Second")
+        cls.a2 = cls.r.article_set.create(headline='Second')
         # Create an Article with no Reporter by passing "reporter=None".
-        self.a3 = Article(headline="Third", reporter=None)
-        self.a3.save()
+        cls.a3 = Article(headline='Third', reporter=None)
+        cls.a3.save()
         # Create another article and reporter
-        self.r2 = Reporter(name='Paul Jones')
-        self.r2.save()
-        self.a4 = self.r2.article_set.create(headline='Fourth')
+        cls.r2 = Reporter(name='Paul Jones')
+        cls.r2.save()
+        cls.a4 = cls.r2.article_set.create(headline='Fourth')
 
     def test_get_related(self):
         self.assertEqual(self.a.reporter.id, self.r.id)
diff --git a/tests/modeladmin/tests.py b/tests/modeladmin/tests.py
index 6934bf2b3c..74db14d5ac 100644
--- a/tests/modeladmin/tests.py
+++ b/tests/modeladmin/tests.py
@@ -35,12 +35,15 @@ request.user = MockSuperUser()
 
 class ModelAdminTests(TestCase):
 
-    def setUp(self):
-        self.band = Band.objects.create(
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpTestData(cls):
+        cls.band = Band.objects.create(
             name='The Doors',
             bio='',
             sign_date=date(1965, 1, 1),
         )
+
+    def setUp(self):
         self.site = AdminSite()
 
     def test_modeladmin_str(self):
diff --git a/tests/one_to_one/tests.py b/tests/one_to_one/tests.py
index 1c48d500ec..bb3e5aebbf 100644
--- a/tests/one_to_one/tests.py
+++ b/tests/one_to_one/tests.py
@@ -10,11 +10,12 @@ from .models import (
 
 class OneToOneTests(TestCase):
 
-    def setUp(self):
-        self.p1 = Place.objects.create(name='Demon Dogs', address='944 W. Fullerton')
-        self.p2 = Place.objects.create(name='Ace Hardware', address='1013 N. Ashland')
-        self.r1 = Restaurant.objects.create(place=self.p1, serves_hot_dogs=True, serves_pizza=False)
-        self.b1 = Bar.objects.create(place=self.p1, serves_cocktails=False)
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpTestData(cls):
+        cls.p1 = Place.objects.create(name='Demon Dogs', address='944 W. Fullerton')
+        cls.p2 = Place.objects.create(name='Ace Hardware', address='1013 N. Ashland')
+        cls.r1 = Restaurant.objects.create(place=cls.p1, serves_hot_dogs=True, serves_pizza=False)
+        cls.b1 = Bar.objects.create(place=cls.p1, serves_cocktails=False)
 
     def test_getter(self):
         # A Restaurant can access its place.
diff --git a/tests/prefetch_related/tests.py b/tests/prefetch_related/tests.py
index c7db0667bb..740e9cb1b5 100644
--- a/tests/prefetch_related/tests.py
+++ b/tests/prefetch_related/tests.py
@@ -865,25 +865,24 @@ class CustomPrefetchTests(TestCase):
 
 class DefaultManagerTests(TestCase):
 
-    def setUp(self):
-        self.qual1 = Qualification.objects.create(name="BA")
-        self.qual2 = Qualification.objects.create(name="BSci")
-        self.qual3 = Qualification.objects.create(name="MA")
-        self.qual4 = Qualification.objects.create(name="PhD")
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpTestData(cls):
+        cls.qual1 = Qualification.objects.create(name='BA')
+        cls.qual2 = Qualification.objects.create(name='BSci')
+        cls.qual3 = Qualification.objects.create(name='MA')
+        cls.qual4 = Qualification.objects.create(name='PhD')
 
-        self.teacher1 = Teacher.objects.create(name="Mr Cleese")
-        self.teacher2 = Teacher.objects.create(name="Mr Idle")
-        self.teacher3 = Teacher.objects.create(name="Mr Chapman")
+        cls.teacher1 = Teacher.objects.create(name='Mr Cleese')
+        cls.teacher2 = Teacher.objects.create(name='Mr Idle')
+        cls.teacher3 = Teacher.objects.create(name='Mr Chapman')
+        cls.teacher1.qualifications.add(cls.qual1, cls.qual2, cls.qual3, cls.qual4)
+        cls.teacher2.qualifications.add(cls.qual1)
+        cls.teacher3.qualifications.add(cls.qual2)
 
-        self.teacher1.qualifications.add(self.qual1, self.qual2, self.qual3, self.qual4)
-        self.teacher2.qualifications.add(self.qual1)
-        self.teacher3.qualifications.add(self.qual2)
-
-        self.dept1 = Department.objects.create(name="English")
-        self.dept2 = Department.objects.create(name="Physics")
-
-        self.dept1.teachers.add(self.teacher1, self.teacher2)
-        self.dept2.teachers.add(self.teacher1, self.teacher3)
+        cls.dept1 = Department.objects.create(name='English')
+        cls.dept2 = Department.objects.create(name='Physics')
+        cls.dept1.teachers.add(cls.teacher1, cls.teacher2)
+        cls.dept2.teachers.add(cls.teacher1, cls.teacher3)
 
     def test_m2m_then_m2m(self):
         with self.assertNumQueries(3):
@@ -1127,42 +1126,42 @@ class LookupOrderingTest(TestCase):
     ensure it is preserved.
     """
 
-    def setUp(self):
-        self.person1 = Person.objects.create(name="Joe")
-        self.person2 = Person.objects.create(name="Mary")
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpTestData(cls):
+        person1 = Person.objects.create(name='Joe')
+        person2 = Person.objects.create(name='Mary')
 
         # Set main_room for each house before creating the next one for
         # databases where supports_nullable_unique_constraints is False.
+        house1 = House.objects.create(address='123 Main St')
+        room1_1 = Room.objects.create(name='Dining room', house=house1)
+        Room.objects.create(name='Lounge', house=house1)
+        Room.objects.create(name='Kitchen', house=house1)
+        house1.main_room = room1_1
+        house1.save()
+        person1.houses.add(house1)
 
-        self.house1 = House.objects.create(address="123 Main St")
-        self.room1_1 = Room.objects.create(name="Dining room", house=self.house1)
-        self.room1_2 = Room.objects.create(name="Lounge", house=self.house1)
-        self.room1_3 = Room.objects.create(name="Kitchen", house=self.house1)
-        self.house1.main_room = self.room1_1
-        self.house1.save()
-        self.person1.houses.add(self.house1)
+        house2 = House.objects.create(address='45 Side St')
+        room2_1 = Room.objects.create(name='Dining room', house=house2)
+        Room.objects.create(name='Lounge', house=house2)
+        house2.main_room = room2_1
+        house2.save()
+        person1.houses.add(house2)
 
-        self.house2 = House.objects.create(address="45 Side St")
-        self.room2_1 = Room.objects.create(name="Dining room", house=self.house2)
-        self.room2_2 = Room.objects.create(name="Lounge", house=self.house2)
-        self.house2.main_room = self.room2_1
-        self.house2.save()
-        self.person1.houses.add(self.house2)
+        house3 = House.objects.create(address='6 Downing St')
+        room3_1 = Room.objects.create(name='Dining room', house=house3)
+        Room.objects.create(name='Lounge', house=house3)
+        Room.objects.create(name='Kitchen', house=house3)
+        house3.main_room = room3_1
+        house3.save()
+        person2.houses.add(house3)
 
-        self.house3 = House.objects.create(address="6 Downing St")
-        self.room3_1 = Room.objects.create(name="Dining room", house=self.house3)
-        self.room3_2 = Room.objects.create(name="Lounge", house=self.house3)
-        self.room3_3 = Room.objects.create(name="Kitchen", house=self.house3)
-        self.house3.main_room = self.room3_1
-        self.house3.save()
-        self.person2.houses.add(self.house3)
-
-        self.house4 = House.objects.create(address="7 Regents St")
-        self.room4_1 = Room.objects.create(name="Dining room", house=self.house4)
-        self.room4_2 = Room.objects.create(name="Lounge", house=self.house4)
-        self.house4.main_room = self.room4_1
-        self.house4.save()
-        self.person2.houses.add(self.house4)
+        house4 = House.objects.create(address='7 Regents St')
+        room4_1 = Room.objects.create(name='Dining room', house=house4)
+        Room.objects.create(name='Lounge', house=house4)
+        house4.main_room = room4_1
+        house4.save()
+        person2.houses.add(house4)
 
     def test_order(self):
         with self.assertNumQueries(4):
@@ -1349,44 +1348,46 @@ class MultiDbTests(TestCase):
 
 
 class Ticket19607Tests(TestCase):
-
-    def setUp(self):
-
-        for id, name1, name2 in [
-            (1, 'einfach', 'simple'),
-            (2, 'schwierig', 'difficult'),
-        ]:
-            LessonEntry.objects.create(id=id, name1=name1, name2=name2)
-
-        for id, lesson_entry_id, name in [
-            (1, 1, 'einfach'),
-            (2, 1, 'simple'),
-            (3, 2, 'schwierig'),
-            (4, 2, 'difficult'),
-        ]:
-            WordEntry.objects.create(id=id, lesson_entry_id=lesson_entry_id, name=name)
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpTestData(cls):
+        LessonEntry.objects.bulk_create(
+            LessonEntry(id=id_, name1=name1, name2=name2)
+            for id_, name1, name2 in [
+                (1, 'einfach', 'simple'),
+                (2, 'schwierig', 'difficult'),
+            ]
+        )
+        WordEntry.objects.bulk_create(
+            WordEntry(id=id_, lesson_entry_id=lesson_entry_id, name=name)
+            for id_, lesson_entry_id, name in [
+                (1, 1, 'einfach'),
+                (2, 1, 'simple'),
+                (3, 2, 'schwierig'),
+                (4, 2, 'difficult'),
+            ]
+        )
 
     def test_bug(self):
         list(WordEntry.objects.prefetch_related('lesson_entry', 'lesson_entry__wordentry_set'))
 
 
 class Ticket21410Tests(TestCase):
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpTestData(cls):
+        book1 = Book.objects.create(title='Poems')
+        book2 = Book.objects.create(title='Jane Eyre')
+        book3 = Book.objects.create(title='Wuthering Heights')
+        book4 = Book.objects.create(title='Sense and Sensibility')
 
-    def setUp(self):
-        self.book1 = Book.objects.create(title="Poems")
-        self.book2 = Book.objects.create(title="Jane Eyre")
-        self.book3 = Book.objects.create(title="Wuthering Heights")
-        self.book4 = Book.objects.create(title="Sense and Sensibility")
+        author1 = Author2.objects.create(name='Charlotte', first_book=book1)
+        author2 = Author2.objects.create(name='Anne', first_book=book1)
+        author3 = Author2.objects.create(name='Emily', first_book=book1)
+        author4 = Author2.objects.create(name='Jane', first_book=book4)
 
-        self.author1 = Author2.objects.create(name="Charlotte", first_book=self.book1)
-        self.author2 = Author2.objects.create(name="Anne", first_book=self.book1)
-        self.author3 = Author2.objects.create(name="Emily", first_book=self.book1)
-        self.author4 = Author2.objects.create(name="Jane", first_book=self.book4)
-
-        self.author1.favorite_books.add(self.book1, self.book2, self.book3)
-        self.author2.favorite_books.add(self.book1)
-        self.author3.favorite_books.add(self.book2)
-        self.author4.favorite_books.add(self.book3)
+        author1.favorite_books.add(book1, book2, book3)
+        author2.favorite_books.add(book1)
+        author3.favorite_books.add(book2)
+        author4.favorite_books.add(book3)
 
     def test_bug(self):
         list(Author2.objects.prefetch_related('first_book', 'favorite_books'))
@@ -1394,15 +1395,16 @@ class Ticket21410Tests(TestCase):
 
 class Ticket21760Tests(TestCase):
 
-    def setUp(self):
-        self.rooms = []
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpTestData(cls):
+        cls.rooms = []
         for _ in range(3):
             house = House.objects.create()
             for _ in range(3):
-                self.rooms.append(Room.objects.create(house=house))
+                cls.rooms.append(Room.objects.create(house=house))
             # Set main_room for each house before creating the next one for
             # databases where supports_nullable_unique_constraints is False.
-            house.main_room = self.rooms[-3]
+            house.main_room = cls.rooms[-3]
             house.save()
 
     def test_bug(self):
diff --git a/tests/queries/test_bulk_update.py b/tests/queries/test_bulk_update.py
index ec43c86691..be794df718 100644
--- a/tests/queries/test_bulk_update.py
+++ b/tests/queries/test_bulk_update.py
@@ -12,8 +12,9 @@ from .models import (
 
 
 class BulkUpdateNoteTests(TestCase):
-    def setUp(self):
-        self.notes = [
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpTestData(cls):
+        cls.notes = [
             Note.objects.create(note=str(i), misc=str(i))
             for i in range(10)
         ]
diff --git a/tests/queries/tests.py b/tests/queries/tests.py
index bf08e7a421..cd31453d08 100644
--- a/tests/queries/tests.py
+++ b/tests/queries/tests.py
@@ -1962,7 +1962,8 @@ class Queries6Tests(TestCase):
 
 
 class RawQueriesTests(TestCase):
-    def setUp(self):
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpTestData(cls):
         Note.objects.create(note='n1', misc='foo', id=1)
 
     def test_ticket14729(self):
@@ -1986,10 +1987,11 @@ class GeneratorExpressionTests(SimpleTestCase):
 
 
 class ComparisonTests(TestCase):
-    def setUp(self):
-        self.n1 = Note.objects.create(note='n1', misc='foo', id=1)
-        e1 = ExtraInfo.objects.create(info='e1', note=self.n1)
-        self.a2 = Author.objects.create(name='a2', num=2002, extra=e1)
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpTestData(cls):
+        cls.n1 = Note.objects.create(note='n1', misc='foo', id=1)
+        e1 = ExtraInfo.objects.create(info='e1', note=cls.n1)
+        cls.a2 = Author.objects.create(name='a2', num=2002, extra=e1)
 
     def test_ticket8597(self):
         # Regression tests for case-insensitive comparisons
diff --git a/tests/serializers/tests.py b/tests/serializers/tests.py
index 9d1be81146..42044b5572 100644
--- a/tests/serializers/tests.py
+++ b/tests/serializers/tests.py
@@ -90,29 +90,30 @@ class SerializerRegistrationTests(SimpleTestCase):
 class SerializersTestBase:
     serializer_name = None  # Set by subclasses to the serialization format name
 
-    def setUp(self):
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpTestData(cls):
         sports = Category.objects.create(name="Sports")
         music = Category.objects.create(name="Music")
         op_ed = Category.objects.create(name="Op-Ed")
 
-        self.joe = Author.objects.create(name="Joe")
-        self.jane = Author.objects.create(name="Jane")
+        cls.joe = Author.objects.create(name='Joe')
+        cls.jane = Author.objects.create(name='Jane')
 
-        self.a1 = Article(
-            author=self.jane,
+        cls.a1 = Article(
+            author=cls.jane,
             headline="Poker has no place on ESPN",
             pub_date=datetime(2006, 6, 16, 11, 00)
         )
-        self.a1.save()
-        self.a1.categories.set([sports, op_ed])
+        cls.a1.save()
+        cls.a1.categories.set([sports, op_ed])
 
-        self.a2 = Article(
-            author=self.joe,
+        cls.a2 = Article(
+            author=cls.joe,
             headline="Time to reform copyright",
             pub_date=datetime(2006, 6, 16, 13, 00, 11, 345)
         )
-        self.a2.save()
-        self.a2.categories.set([music, op_ed])
+        cls.a2.save()
+        cls.a2.categories.set([music, op_ed])
 
     def test_serialize(self):
         """Basic serialization works."""