diff --git a/django/core/management/commands/test.py b/django/core/management/commands/test.py
index 33a0762029..e94fd989f1 100644
--- a/django/core/management/commands/test.py
+++ b/django/core/management/commands/test.py
@@ -61,4 +61,4 @@ class Command(BaseCommand):
         failures = test_runner.run_tests(test_labels)
 
         if failures:
-            sys.exit(bool(failures))
+            sys.exit(1)
diff --git a/tests/runtests.py b/tests/runtests.py
index be317d347b..00b14b808f 100755
--- a/tests/runtests.py
+++ b/tests/runtests.py
@@ -483,4 +483,4 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
             options.exclude_tags,
         )
         if failures:
-            sys.exit(bool(failures))
+            sys.exit(1)