Merge pull request #1162 from sspross/patch-docs

Add needed Imports to the Documentation, Part II
This commit is contained in:
Marc Tamlyn 2013-05-19 05:26:13 -07:00
commit c6855e8a70
14 changed files with 246 additions and 76 deletions

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@ -343,6 +343,7 @@ answer newbie questions, and generally made Django that much better:
David Krauth
Kevin Kubasik <kevin@kubasik.net>
kurtiss@meetro.com
Vladimir Kuzma <vladimirkuzma.ch@gmail.com>
Denis Kuzmichyov <kuzmichyov@gmail.com>
Panos Laganakos <panos.laganakos@gmail.com>
Nick Lane <nick.lane.au@gmail.com>

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@ -300,18 +300,21 @@ Template filter code falls into one of two situations:
.. code-block:: python
from django.utils.html import conditional_escape
from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe
from django import template
from django.utils.html import conditional_escape
from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe
@register.filter(needs_autoescape=True)
def initial_letter_filter(text, autoescape=None):
first, other = text[0], text[1:]
if autoescape:
esc = conditional_escape
else:
esc = lambda x: x
result = '<strong>%s</strong>%s' % (esc(first), esc(other))
return mark_safe(result)
register = template.Library()
@register.filter(needs_autoescape=True)
def initial_letter_filter(text, autoescape=None):
first, other = text[0], text[1:]
if autoescape:
esc = conditional_escape
else:
esc = lambda x: x
result = '<strong>%s</strong>%s' % (esc(first), esc(other))
return mark_safe(result)
The ``needs_autoescape`` flag and the ``autoescape`` keyword argument mean
that our function will know whether automatic escaping is in effect when the
@ -454,8 +457,9 @@ Continuing the above example, we need to define ``CurrentTimeNode``:
.. code-block:: python
from django import template
import datetime
from django import template
class CurrentTimeNode(template.Node):
def __init__(self, format_string):
self.format_string = format_string
@ -498,6 +502,8 @@ The ``__init__`` method for the ``Context`` class takes a parameter called
.. code-block:: python
from django.template import Context
def render(self, context):
# ...
new_context = Context({'var': obj}, autoescape=context.autoescape)
@ -545,7 +551,10 @@ A naive implementation of ``CycleNode`` might look something like this:
.. code-block:: python
class CycleNode(Node):
import itertools
from django import template
class CycleNode(template.Node):
def __init__(self, cyclevars):
self.cycle_iter = itertools.cycle(cyclevars)
def render(self, context):
@ -576,7 +585,7 @@ Let's refactor our ``CycleNode`` implementation to use the ``render_context``:
.. code-block:: python
class CycleNode(Node):
class CycleNode(template.Node):
def __init__(self, cyclevars):
self.cyclevars = cyclevars
def render(self, context):
@ -664,6 +673,7 @@ Now your tag should begin to look like this:
.. code-block:: python
from django import template
def do_format_time(parser, token):
try:
# split_contents() knows not to split quoted strings.
@ -722,6 +732,11 @@ Our earlier ``current_time`` function could thus be written like this:
.. code-block:: python
import datetime
from django import template
register = template.Library()
def current_time(format_string):
return datetime.datetime.now().strftime(format_string)
@ -965,6 +980,9 @@ outputting it:
.. code-block:: python
import datetime
from django import template
class CurrentTimeNode2(template.Node):
def __init__(self, format_string):
self.format_string = format_string

View File

@ -108,6 +108,8 @@ The ``ModelAdmin`` is very flexible. It has several options for dealing with
customizing the interface. All options are defined on the ``ModelAdmin``
subclass::
from django.contrib import admin
class AuthorAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
date_hierarchy = 'pub_date'
@ -157,6 +159,8 @@ subclass::
For example, let's consider the following model::
from django.db import models
class Author(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
title = models.CharField(max_length=3)
@ -166,6 +170,8 @@ subclass::
and ``title`` fields, you would specify ``fields`` or ``exclude`` like
this::
from django.contrib import admin
class AuthorAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
fields = ('name', 'title')
@ -234,6 +240,8 @@ subclass::
A full example, taken from the
:class:`django.contrib.flatpages.models.FlatPage` model::
from django.contrib import admin
class FlatPageAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
fieldsets = (
(None, {
@ -356,6 +364,10 @@ subclass::
If your ``ModelForm`` and ``ModelAdmin`` both define an ``exclude``
option then ``ModelAdmin`` takes precedence::
from django import forms
from django.contrib import admin
from myapp.models import Person
class PersonForm(forms.ModelForm):
class Meta:
@ -459,6 +471,9 @@ subclass::
the same as the callable, but ``self`` in this context is the model
instance. Here's a full model example::
from django.db import models
from django.contrib import admin
class Person(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
birthday = models.DateField()
@ -494,6 +509,8 @@ subclass::
Here's a full example model::
from django.db import models
from django.contrib import admin
from django.utils.html import format_html
class Person(models.Model):
@ -519,6 +536,9 @@ subclass::
Here's a full example model::
from django.db import models
from django.contrib import admin
class Person(models.Model):
first_name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
birthday = models.DateField()
@ -547,6 +567,8 @@ subclass::
For example::
from django.db import models
from django.contrib import admin
from django.utils.html import format_html
class Person(models.Model):
@ -634,13 +656,13 @@ subclass::
``BooleanField``, ``CharField``, ``DateField``, ``DateTimeField``,
``IntegerField``, ``ForeignKey`` or ``ManyToManyField``, for example::
class PersonAdmin(ModelAdmin):
class PersonAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_filter = ('is_staff', 'company')
Field names in ``list_filter`` can also span relations
using the ``__`` lookup, for example::
class PersonAdmin(UserAdmin):
class PersonAdmin(admin.UserAdmin):
list_filter = ('company__name',)
* a class inheriting from ``django.contrib.admin.SimpleListFilter``,
@ -650,10 +672,10 @@ subclass::
from datetime import date
from django.contrib import admin
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
from django.contrib.admin import SimpleListFilter
class DecadeBornListFilter(SimpleListFilter):
class DecadeBornListFilter(admin.SimpleListFilter):
# Human-readable title which will be displayed in the
# right admin sidebar just above the filter options.
title = _('decade born')
@ -689,7 +711,7 @@ subclass::
return queryset.filter(birthday__gte=date(1990, 1, 1),
birthday__lte=date(1999, 12, 31))
class PersonAdmin(ModelAdmin):
class PersonAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_filter = (DecadeBornListFilter,)
.. note::
@ -732,11 +754,9 @@ subclass::
element is a class inheriting from
``django.contrib.admin.FieldListFilter``, for example::
from django.contrib.admin import BooleanFieldListFilter
class PersonAdmin(ModelAdmin):
class PersonAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_filter = (
('is_staff', BooleanFieldListFilter),
('is_staff', admin.BooleanFieldListFilter),
)
.. note::
@ -746,7 +766,7 @@ subclass::
It is possible to specify a custom template for rendering a list filter::
class FilterWithCustomTemplate(SimpleListFilter):
class FilterWithCustomTemplate(admin.SimpleListFilter):
template = "custom_template.html"
See the default template provided by django (``admin/filter.html``) for
@ -876,10 +896,11 @@ subclass::
the admin interface to provide feedback on the status of the objects being
edited, for example::
from django.contrib import admin
from django.utils.html import format_html_join
from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe
class PersonAdmin(ModelAdmin):
class PersonAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
readonly_fields = ('address_report',)
def address_report(self, instance):
@ -1038,6 +1059,8 @@ templates used by the :class:`ModelAdmin` views:
For example to attach ``request.user`` to the object prior to saving::
from django.contrib import admin
class ArticleAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
def save_model(self, request, obj, form, change):
obj.user = request.user
@ -1071,7 +1094,7 @@ templates used by the :class:`ModelAdmin` views:
is expected to return a ``list`` or ``tuple`` for ordering similar
to the :attr:`ordering` attribute. For example::
class PersonAdmin(ModelAdmin):
class PersonAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
def get_ordering(self, request):
if request.user.is_superuser:
@ -1298,6 +1321,8 @@ templates used by the :class:`ModelAdmin` views:
Returns a :class:`~django.forms.ModelForm` class for use in the ``Formset``
on the changelist page. To use a custom form, for example::
from django import forms
class MyForm(forms.ModelForm):
pass
@ -1539,6 +1564,8 @@ information.
The admin interface has the ability to edit models on the same page as a
parent model. These are called inlines. Suppose you have these two models::
from django.db import models
class Author(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
@ -1549,6 +1576,8 @@ information.
You can edit the books authored by an author on the author page. You add
inlines to a model by specifying them in a ``ModelAdmin.inlines``::
from django.contrib import admin
class BookInline(admin.TabularInline):
model = Book
@ -1682,6 +1711,8 @@ Working with a model with two or more foreign keys to the same parent model
It is sometimes possible to have more than one foreign key to the same model.
Take this model for instance::
from django.db import models
class Friendship(models.Model):
to_person = models.ForeignKey(Person, related_name="friends")
from_person = models.ForeignKey(Person, related_name="from_friends")
@ -1690,6 +1721,9 @@ If you wanted to display an inline on the ``Person`` admin add/change pages
you need to explicitly define the foreign key since it is unable to do so
automatically::
from django.contrib import admin
from myapp.models import Friendship
class FriendshipInline(admin.TabularInline):
model = Friendship
fk_name = "to_person"
@ -1712,6 +1746,8 @@ widgets with inlines.
Suppose we have the following models::
from django.db import models
class Person(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=128)
@ -1722,6 +1758,8 @@ Suppose we have the following models::
If you want to display many-to-many relations using an inline, you can do
so by defining an ``InlineModelAdmin`` object for the relationship::
from django.contrib import admin
class MembershipInline(admin.TabularInline):
model = Group.members.through
@ -1768,6 +1806,8 @@ However, we still want to be able to edit that information inline. Fortunately,
this is easy to do with inline admin models. Suppose we have the following
models::
from django.db import models
class Person(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=128)
@ -1816,6 +1856,8 @@ Using generic relations as an inline
It is possible to use an inline with generically related objects. Let's say
you have the following models::
from django.db import models
class Image(models.Model):
image = models.ImageField(upload_to="images")
content_type = models.ForeignKey(ContentType)

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@ -384,6 +384,7 @@ Utilities
the middleware. Example::
from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt
from django.http import HttpResponse
@csrf_exempt
def my_view(request):

View File

@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ How to use ``FormPreview``
overrides the ``done()`` method::
from django.contrib.formtools.preview import FormPreview
from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect
from myapp.models import SomeModel
class SomeModelFormPreview(FormPreview):

View File

@ -154,6 +154,7 @@ you include ``initial`` when instantiating the ``Form``, then the latter
at the field level and at the form instance level, and the latter gets
precedence::
>>> from django import forms
>>> class CommentForm(forms.Form):
... name = forms.CharField(initial='class')
... url = forms.URLField()
@ -238,6 +239,7 @@ When the ``Form`` is valid, ``cleaned_data`` will include a key and value for
fields. In this example, the data dictionary doesn't include a value for the
``nick_name`` field, but ``cleaned_data`` includes it, with an empty value::
>>> from django.forms import Form
>>> class OptionalPersonForm(Form):
... first_name = CharField()
... last_name = CharField()
@ -327,54 +329,54 @@ a form object, and each rendering method returns a Unicode object.
.. method:: Form.as_p
``as_p()`` renders the form as a series of ``<p>`` tags, with each ``<p>``
containing one field::
``as_p()`` renders the form as a series of ``<p>`` tags, with each ``<p>``
containing one field::
>>> f = ContactForm()
>>> f.as_p()
u'<p><label for="id_subject">Subject:</label> <input id="id_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></p>\n<p><label for="id_message">Message:</label> <input type="text" name="message" id="id_message" /></p>\n<p><label for="id_sender">Sender:</label> <input type="text" name="sender" id="id_sender" /></p>\n<p><label for="id_cc_myself">Cc myself:</label> <input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_cc_myself" /></p>'
>>> print(f.as_p())
<p><label for="id_subject">Subject:</label> <input id="id_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></p>
<p><label for="id_message">Message:</label> <input type="text" name="message" id="id_message" /></p>
<p><label for="id_sender">Sender:</label> <input type="email" name="sender" id="id_sender" /></p>
<p><label for="id_cc_myself">Cc myself:</label> <input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_cc_myself" /></p>
>>> f = ContactForm()
>>> f.as_p()
u'<p><label for="id_subject">Subject:</label> <input id="id_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></p>\n<p><label for="id_message">Message:</label> <input type="text" name="message" id="id_message" /></p>\n<p><label for="id_sender">Sender:</label> <input type="text" name="sender" id="id_sender" /></p>\n<p><label for="id_cc_myself">Cc myself:</label> <input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_cc_myself" /></p>'
>>> print(f.as_p())
<p><label for="id_subject">Subject:</label> <input id="id_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></p>
<p><label for="id_message">Message:</label> <input type="text" name="message" id="id_message" /></p>
<p><label for="id_sender">Sender:</label> <input type="email" name="sender" id="id_sender" /></p>
<p><label for="id_cc_myself">Cc myself:</label> <input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_cc_myself" /></p>
``as_ul()``
~~~~~~~~~~~
.. method:: Form.as_ul
``as_ul()`` renders the form as a series of ``<li>`` tags, with each
``<li>`` containing one field. It does *not* include the ``<ul>`` or
``</ul>``, so that you can specify any HTML attributes on the ``<ul>`` for
flexibility::
``as_ul()`` renders the form as a series of ``<li>`` tags, with each
``<li>`` containing one field. It does *not* include the ``<ul>`` or
``</ul>``, so that you can specify any HTML attributes on the ``<ul>`` for
flexibility::
>>> f = ContactForm()
>>> f.as_ul()
u'<li><label for="id_subject">Subject:</label> <input id="id_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></li>\n<li><label for="id_message">Message:</label> <input type="text" name="message" id="id_message" /></li>\n<li><label for="id_sender">Sender:</label> <input type="email" name="sender" id="id_sender" /></li>\n<li><label for="id_cc_myself">Cc myself:</label> <input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_cc_myself" /></li>'
>>> print(f.as_ul())
<li><label for="id_subject">Subject:</label> <input id="id_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></li>
<li><label for="id_message">Message:</label> <input type="text" name="message" id="id_message" /></li>
<li><label for="id_sender">Sender:</label> <input type="email" name="sender" id="id_sender" /></li>
<li><label for="id_cc_myself">Cc myself:</label> <input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_cc_myself" /></li>
>>> f = ContactForm()
>>> f.as_ul()
u'<li><label for="id_subject">Subject:</label> <input id="id_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></li>\n<li><label for="id_message">Message:</label> <input type="text" name="message" id="id_message" /></li>\n<li><label for="id_sender">Sender:</label> <input type="email" name="sender" id="id_sender" /></li>\n<li><label for="id_cc_myself">Cc myself:</label> <input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_cc_myself" /></li>'
>>> print(f.as_ul())
<li><label for="id_subject">Subject:</label> <input id="id_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></li>
<li><label for="id_message">Message:</label> <input type="text" name="message" id="id_message" /></li>
<li><label for="id_sender">Sender:</label> <input type="email" name="sender" id="id_sender" /></li>
<li><label for="id_cc_myself">Cc myself:</label> <input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_cc_myself" /></li>
``as_table()``
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. method:: Form.as_table
Finally, ``as_table()`` outputs the form as an HTML ``<table>``. This is
exactly the same as ``print``. In fact, when you ``print`` a form object,
it calls its ``as_table()`` method behind the scenes::
Finally, ``as_table()`` outputs the form as an HTML ``<table>``. This is
exactly the same as ``print``. In fact, when you ``print`` a form object,
it calls its ``as_table()`` method behind the scenes::
>>> f = ContactForm()
>>> f.as_table()
u'<tr><th><label for="id_subject">Subject:</label></th><td><input id="id_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></td></tr>\n<tr><th><label for="id_message">Message:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="message" id="id_message" /></td></tr>\n<tr><th><label for="id_sender">Sender:</label></th><td><input type="email" name="sender" id="id_sender" /></td></tr>\n<tr><th><label for="id_cc_myself">Cc myself:</label></th><td><input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_cc_myself" /></td></tr>'
>>> print(f.as_table())
<tr><th><label for="id_subject">Subject:</label></th><td><input id="id_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></td></tr>
<tr><th><label for="id_message">Message:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="message" id="id_message" /></td></tr>
<tr><th><label for="id_sender">Sender:</label></th><td><input type="email" name="sender" id="id_sender" /></td></tr>
<tr><th><label for="id_cc_myself">Cc myself:</label></th><td><input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_cc_myself" /></td></tr>
>>> f = ContactForm()
>>> f.as_table()
u'<tr><th><label for="id_subject">Subject:</label></th><td><input id="id_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></td></tr>\n<tr><th><label for="id_message">Message:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="message" id="id_message" /></td></tr>\n<tr><th><label for="id_sender">Sender:</label></th><td><input type="email" name="sender" id="id_sender" /></td></tr>\n<tr><th><label for="id_cc_myself">Cc myself:</label></th><td><input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_cc_myself" /></td></tr>'
>>> print(f.as_table())
<tr><th><label for="id_subject">Subject:</label></th><td><input id="id_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></td></tr>
<tr><th><label for="id_message">Message:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="message" id="id_message" /></td></tr>
<tr><th><label for="id_sender">Sender:</label></th><td><input type="email" name="sender" id="id_sender" /></td></tr>
<tr><th><label for="id_cc_myself">Cc myself:</label></th><td><input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_cc_myself" /></td></tr>
Styling required or erroneous form rows
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@ -391,6 +393,8 @@ attributes to required rows or to rows with errors: simply set the
:attr:`Form.error_css_class` and/or :attr:`Form.required_css_class`
attributes::
from django.forms import Form
class ContactForm(Form):
error_css_class = 'error'
required_css_class = 'required'
@ -621,23 +625,23 @@ For a field's list of errors, access the field's ``errors`` attribute.
.. attribute:: BoundField.errors
A list-like object that is displayed as an HTML ``<ul class="errorlist">``
when printed::
A list-like object that is displayed as an HTML ``<ul class="errorlist">``
when printed::
>>> data = {'subject': 'hi', 'message': '', 'sender': '', 'cc_myself': ''}
>>> f = ContactForm(data, auto_id=False)
>>> print(f['message'])
<input type="text" name="message" />
>>> f['message'].errors
[u'This field is required.']
>>> print(f['message'].errors)
<ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul>
>>> f['subject'].errors
[]
>>> print(f['subject'].errors)
>>> data = {'subject': 'hi', 'message': '', 'sender': '', 'cc_myself': ''}
>>> f = ContactForm(data, auto_id=False)
>>> print(f['message'])
<input type="text" name="message" />
>>> f['message'].errors
[u'This field is required.']
>>> print(f['message'].errors)
<ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul>
>>> f['subject'].errors
[]
>>> print(f['subject'].errors)
>>> str(f['subject'].errors)
''
>>> str(f['subject'].errors)
''
.. method:: BoundField.label_tag(contents=None, attrs=None)
@ -779,6 +783,7 @@ example, ``BeatleForm`` subclasses both ``PersonForm`` and ``InstrumentForm``
(in that order), and its field list includes the fields from the parent
classes::
>>> from django.forms import Form
>>> class PersonForm(Form):
... first_name = CharField()
... last_name = CharField()

View File

@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ By default, each ``Field`` class assumes the value is required, so if you pass
an empty value -- either ``None`` or the empty string (``""``) -- then
``clean()`` will raise a ``ValidationError`` exception::
>>> from django import forms
>>> f = forms.CharField()
>>> f.clean('foo')
u'foo'
@ -107,6 +108,7 @@ behavior doesn't result in an adequate label.
Here's a full example ``Form`` that implements ``label`` for two of its fields.
We've specified ``auto_id=False`` to simplify the output::
>>> from django import forms
>>> class CommentForm(forms.Form):
... name = forms.CharField(label='Your name')
... url = forms.URLField(label='Your Web site', required=False)
@ -130,6 +132,7 @@ To specify dynamic initial data, see the :attr:`Form.initial` parameter.
The use-case for this is when you want to display an "empty" form in which a
field is initialized to a particular value. For example::
>>> from django import forms
>>> class CommentForm(forms.Form):
... name = forms.CharField(initial='Your name')
... url = forms.URLField(initial='http://')
@ -205,6 +208,7 @@ methods (e.g., ``as_ul()``).
Here's a full example ``Form`` that implements ``help_text`` for two of its
fields. We've specified ``auto_id=False`` to simplify the output::
>>> from django import forms
>>> class HelpTextContactForm(forms.Form):
... subject = forms.CharField(max_length=100, help_text='100 characters max.')
... message = forms.CharField()
@ -236,6 +240,7 @@ The ``error_messages`` argument lets you override the default messages that the
field will raise. Pass in a dictionary with keys matching the error messages you
want to override. For example, here is the default error message::
>>> from django import forms
>>> generic = forms.CharField()
>>> generic.clean('')
Traceback (most recent call last):
@ -853,6 +858,7 @@ Slightly complex built-in ``Field`` classes
The list of fields that should be used to validate the field's value (in
the order in which they are provided).
>>> from django.forms import ComboField
>>> f = ComboField(fields=[CharField(max_length=20), EmailField()])
>>> f.clean('test@example.com')
u'test@example.com'
@ -1001,6 +1007,8 @@ objects (in the case of ``ModelMultipleChoiceField``) into the
object, and should return a string suitable for representing it. For
example::
from django.forms import ModelChoiceField
class MyModelChoiceField(ModelChoiceField):
def label_from_instance(self, obj):
return "My Object #%i" % obj.id

View File

@ -183,6 +183,9 @@ the ``default_validators`` attribute.
Simple validators can be used to validate values inside the field, let's have
a look at Django's ``SlugField``::
from django.forms import CharField
from django.core import validators
class SlugField(CharField):
default_validators = [validators.validate_slug]
@ -252,6 +255,8 @@ we want to make sure that the ``recipients`` field always contains the address
don't want to put it into the general ``MultiEmailField`` class. Instead, we
write a cleaning method that operates on the ``recipients`` field, like so::
from django import forms
class ContactForm(forms.Form):
# Everything as before.
...
@ -289,6 +294,8 @@ common method is to display the error at the top of the form. To create such
an error, you can raise a ``ValidationError`` from the ``clean()`` method. For
example::
from django import forms
class ContactForm(forms.Form):
# Everything as before.
...
@ -321,6 +328,8 @@ here and leaving it up to you and your designers to work out what works
effectively in your particular situation. Our new code (replacing the previous
sample) looks like this::
from django import forms
class ContactForm(forms.Form):
# Everything as before.
...

View File

@ -201,6 +201,7 @@ foundation for custom widgets.
.. code-block:: python
>>> from django import forms
>>> name = forms.TextInput(attrs={'size': 10, 'title': 'Your name',})
>>> name.render('name', 'A name')
u'<input title="Your name" type="text" name="name" value="A name" size="10" />'
@ -249,6 +250,8 @@ foundation for custom widgets.
:class:`~datetime.datetime` value into a list with date and time split
into two separate values::
from django.forms import MultiWidget
class SplitDateTimeWidget(MultiWidget):
# ...

View File

@ -286,6 +286,7 @@ fully-populated dictionary to ``Context()``. But you can add and delete items
from a ``Context`` object once it's been instantiated, too, using standard
dictionary syntax::
>>> from django.template import Context
>>> c = Context({"foo": "bar"})
>>> c['foo']
'bar'
@ -397,6 +398,9 @@ Also, you can give ``RequestContext`` a list of additional processors, using the
optional, third positional argument, ``processors``. In this example, the
``RequestContext`` instance gets a ``ip_address`` variable::
from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.template import RequestContext
def ip_address_processor(request):
return {'ip_address': request.META['REMOTE_ADDR']}
@ -417,6 +421,9 @@ optional, third positional argument, ``processors``. In this example, the
:func:`~django.shortcuts.render_to_response()`: a ``RequestContext``
instance. Your code might look like this::
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
from django.template import RequestContext
def some_view(request):
# ...
return render_to_response('my_template.html',

View File

@ -56,6 +56,9 @@ telling the formset how many additional forms to show in addition to the
number of forms it generates from the initial data. Lets take a look at an
example::
>>> import datetime
>>> from django.forms.formsets import formset_factory
>>> from myapp.forms imporrt ArticleForm
>>> ArticleFormSet = formset_factory(ArticleForm, extra=2)
>>> formset = ArticleFormSet(initial=[
... {'title': u'Django is now open source',
@ -88,6 +91,8 @@ The ``max_num`` parameter to :func:`~django.forms.formsets.formset_factory`
gives you the ability to limit the maximum number of empty forms the formset
will display::
>>> from django.forms.formsets import formset_factory
>>> from myapp.forms imporrt ArticleForm
>>> ArticleFormSet = formset_factory(ArticleForm, extra=2, max_num=1)
>>> formset = ArticleFormSet()
>>> for form in formset:
@ -124,6 +129,8 @@ Validation with a formset is almost identical to a regular ``Form``. There is
an ``is_valid`` method on the formset to provide a convenient way to validate
all forms in the formset::
>>> from django.forms.formsets import formset_factory
>>> from myapp.forms imporrt ArticleForm
>>> ArticleFormSet = formset_factory(ArticleForm)
>>> data = {
... 'form-TOTAL_FORMS': u'1',
@ -230,6 +237,8 @@ A formset has a ``clean`` method similar to the one on a ``Form`` class. This
is where you define your own validation that works at the formset level::
>>> from django.forms.formsets import BaseFormSet
>>> from django.forms.formsets import formset_factory
>>> from myapp.forms import ArticleForm
>>> class BaseArticleFormSet(BaseFormSet):
... def clean(self):
@ -276,6 +285,8 @@ If ``validate_max=True`` is passed to
:func:`~django.forms.formsets.formset_factory`, validation will also check
that the number of forms in the data set is less than or equal to ``max_num``.
>>> from django.forms.formsets import formset_factory
>>> from myapp.forms import ArticleForm
>>> ArticleFormSet = formset_factory(ArticleForm, max_num=1, validate_max=True)
>>> data = {
... 'form-TOTAL_FORMS': u'2',
@ -329,6 +340,8 @@ Default: ``False``
Lets you create a formset with the ability to order::
>>> from django.forms.formsets import formset_factory
>>> from myapp.forms import ArticleForm
>>> ArticleFormSet = formset_factory(ArticleForm, can_order=True)
>>> formset = ArticleFormSet(initial=[
... {'title': u'Article #1', 'pub_date': datetime.date(2008, 5, 10)},
@ -385,6 +398,8 @@ Default: ``False``
Lets you create a formset with the ability to delete::
>>> from django.forms.formsets import formset_factory
>>> from myapp.forms import ArticleForm
>>> ArticleFormSet = formset_factory(ArticleForm, can_delete=True)
>>> formset = ArticleFormSet(initial=[
... {'title': u'Article #1', 'pub_date': datetime.date(2008, 5, 10)},
@ -437,6 +452,9 @@ accomplished. The formset base class provides an ``add_fields`` method. You
can simply override this method to add your own fields or even redefine the
default fields/attributes of the order and deletion fields::
>>> from django.forms.formsets import BaseFormSet
>>> from django.forms.formsets import formset_factory
>>> from myapp.forms import ArticleForm
>>> class BaseArticleFormSet(BaseFormSet):
... def add_fields(self, form, index):
... super(BaseArticleFormSet, self).add_fields(form, index)
@ -459,6 +477,10 @@ management form inside the template. Let's look at a sample view:
.. code-block:: python
from django.forms.formsets import formset_factory
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
from myapp.forms import ArticleForm
def manage_articles(request):
ArticleFormSet = formset_factory(ArticleForm)
if request.method == 'POST':
@ -534,6 +556,10 @@ a look at how this might be accomplished:
.. code-block:: python
from django.forms.formsets import formset_factory
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
from myapp.forms import ArticleForm, BookForm
def manage_articles(request):
ArticleFormSet = formset_factory(ArticleForm)
BookFormSet = formset_factory(BookForm)

View File

@ -49,6 +49,8 @@ define the media requirements.
Here's a simple example::
from django import froms
class CalendarWidget(forms.TextInput):
class Media:
css = {
@ -211,6 +213,7 @@ to using :setting:`MEDIA_URL`. For example, if the :setting:`MEDIA_URL` for
your site was ``'http://uploads.example.com/'`` and :setting:`STATIC_URL`
was ``None``::
>>> from django import forms
>>> class CalendarWidget(forms.TextInput):
... class Media:
... css = {
@ -267,6 +270,7 @@ Combining media objects
Media objects can also be added together. When two media objects are added,
the resulting Media object contains the union of the media from both files::
>>> from django import forms
>>> class CalendarWidget(forms.TextInput):
... class Media:
... css = {
@ -298,6 +302,7 @@ Regardless of whether you define a media declaration, *all* Form objects
have a media property. The default value for this property is the result
of adding the media definitions for all widgets that are part of the form::
>>> from django import forms
>>> class ContactForm(forms.Form):
... date = DateField(widget=CalendarWidget)
... name = CharField(max_length=40, widget=OtherWidget)

View File

@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ class from a Django model.
For example::
>>> from django.forms import ModelForm
>>> from myapp.models import Article
# Create the form class.
>>> class ArticleForm(ModelForm):
@ -222,6 +223,9 @@ supplied, ``save()`` will update that instance. If it's not supplied,
.. code-block:: python
>>> from myapp.models import Article
>>> from myapp.forms import ArticleForm
# Create a form instance from POST data.
>>> f = ArticleForm(request.POST)
@ -316,6 +320,8 @@ these security concerns do not apply to you:
1. Set the ``fields`` attribute to the special value ``'__all__'`` to indicate
that all fields in the model should be used. For example::
from django.forms import ModelForm
class AuthorForm(ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = Author
@ -401,6 +407,7 @@ of its default ``<input type="text">``, you can override the field's
widget::
from django.forms import ModelForm, Textarea
from myapp.models import Author
class AuthorForm(ModelForm):
class Meta:
@ -421,6 +428,9 @@ you can do this by declaratively specifying fields like you would in a regular
For example, if you wanted to use ``MyDateFormField`` for the ``pub_date``
field, you could do the following::
from django.forms import ModelForm
from myapp.models import Article
class ArticleForm(ModelForm):
pub_date = MyDateFormField()
@ -432,6 +442,9 @@ field, you could do the following::
If you want to override a field's default label, then specify the ``label``
parameter when declaring the form field::
from django.forms import ModelForm, DateField
from myapp.models import Article
class ArticleForm(ModelForm):
pub_date = DateField(label='Publication date')
@ -484,6 +497,8 @@ By default, the fields in a ``ModelForm`` will not localize their data. To
enable localization for fields, you can use the ``localized_fields``
attribute on the ``Meta`` class.
>>> from django.forms import ModelForm
>>> from myapp.models import Author
>>> class AuthorForm(ModelForm):
... class Meta:
... model = Author
@ -574,6 +589,7 @@ definition. This may be more convenient if you do not have many customizations
to make::
>>> from django.forms.models import modelform_factory
>>> from myapp.models import Book
>>> BookForm = modelform_factory(Book, fields=("author", "title"))
This can also be used to make simple modifications to existing forms, for
@ -604,6 +620,7 @@ of enhanced formset classes that make it easy to work with Django models. Let's
reuse the ``Author`` model from above::
>>> from django.forms.models import modelformset_factory
>>> from myapp.models import Author
>>> AuthorFormSet = modelformset_factory(Author)
This will create a formset that is capable of working with the data associated
@ -642,6 +659,7 @@ Alternatively, you can create a subclass that sets ``self.queryset`` in
``__init__``::
from django.forms.models import BaseModelFormSet
from myapp.models import Author
class BaseAuthorFormSet(BaseModelFormSet):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
@ -787,6 +805,10 @@ Using a model formset in a view
Model formsets are very similar to formsets. Let's say we want to present a
formset to edit ``Author`` model instances::
from django.forms.models import modelformset_factory
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
from myapp.models import Author
def manage_authors(request):
AuthorFormSet = modelformset_factory(Author)
if request.method == 'POST':
@ -815,12 +837,15 @@ the unique constraints on your model (either ``unique``, ``unique_together`` or
on a ``model_formset`` and maintain this validation, you must call the parent
class's ``clean`` method::
from django.forms.models import BaseModelFormSet
class MyModelFormSet(BaseModelFormSet):
def clean(self):
super(MyModelFormSet, self).clean()
# example custom validation across forms in the formset:
for form in self.forms:
# your custom formset validation
pass
Using a custom queryset
-----------------------
@ -828,6 +853,10 @@ Using a custom queryset
As stated earlier, you can override the default queryset used by the model
formset::
from django.forms.models import modelformset_factory
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
from myapp.models import Author
def manage_authors(request):
AuthorFormSet = modelformset_factory(Author)
if request.method == "POST":
@ -914,6 +943,8 @@ Inline formsets is a small abstraction layer on top of model formsets. These
simplify the case of working with related objects via a foreign key. Suppose
you have these two models::
from django.db import models
class Author(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=100)

View File

@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ In this example, the text ``"Welcome to my site."`` is marked as a translation
string::
from django.utils.translation import ugettext as _
from django.http import HttpResponse
def my_view(request):
output = _("Welcome to my site.")
@ -89,6 +90,7 @@ Obviously, you could code this without using the alias. This example is
identical to the previous one::
from django.utils.translation import ugettext
from django.http import HttpResponse
def my_view(request):
output = ugettext("Welcome to my site.")
@ -192,6 +194,7 @@ of its value.)
For example::
from django.utils.translation import ungettext
from django.http import HttpResponse
def hello_world(request, count):
page = ungettext(
@ -208,6 +211,7 @@ languages as the ``count`` variable.
Lets see a slightly more complex usage example::
from django.utils.translation import ungettext
from myapp.models import Report
count = Report.objects.count()
if count == 1:
@ -283,6 +287,7 @@ For example::
or::
from django.db import models
from django.utils.translation import pgettext_lazy
class MyThing(models.Model):
@ -328,6 +333,7 @@ Model fields and relationships ``verbose_name`` and ``help_text`` option values
For example, to translate the help text of the *name* field in the following
model, do the following::
from django.db import models
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
class MyThing(models.Model):
@ -336,8 +342,6 @@ model, do the following::
You can mark names of ``ForeignKey``, ``ManyTomanyField`` or ``OneToOneField``
relationship as translatable by using their ``verbose_name`` options::
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
class MyThing(models.Model):
kind = models.ForeignKey(ThingKind, related_name='kinds',
verbose_name=_('kind'))
@ -355,6 +359,7 @@ It is recommended to always provide explicit
relying on the fallback English-centric and somewhat naïve determination of
verbose names Django performs by looking at the model's class name::
from django.db import models
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
class MyThing(models.Model):
@ -370,6 +375,7 @@ Model methods ``short_description`` attribute values
For model methods, you can provide translations to Django and the admin site
with the ``short_description`` attribute::
from django.db import models
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
class MyThing(models.Model):
@ -404,6 +410,7 @@ If you ever see output that looks like ``"hello
If you don't like the long ``ugettext_lazy`` name, you can just alias it as
``_`` (underscore), like so::
from django.db import models
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
class MyThing(models.Model):
@ -429,6 +436,9 @@ definition. Therefore, you are authorized to pass a key name instead of an
integer as the ``number`` argument. Then ``number`` will be looked up in the
dictionary under that key during string interpolation. Here's example::
from django import forms
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy
class MyForm(forms.Form):
error_message = ungettext_lazy("You only provided %(num)d argument",
"You only provided %(num)d arguments", 'num')
@ -461,6 +471,7 @@ that concatenates its contents *and* converts them to strings only when the
result is included in a string. For example::
from django.utils.translation import string_concat
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy
...
name = ugettext_lazy('John Lennon')
instrument = ugettext_lazy('guitar')
@ -1663,6 +1674,8 @@ preference available as ``request.LANGUAGE_CODE`` for each
:class:`~django.http.HttpRequest`. Feel free to read this value in your view
code. Here's a simple example::
from django.http import HttpResponse
def hello_world(request, count):
if request.LANGUAGE_CODE == 'de-at':
return HttpResponse("You prefer to read Austrian German.")