diff --git a/django/contrib/postgres/indexes.py b/django/contrib/postgres/indexes.py
index 34e09b19f2..1850b20978 100644
--- a/django/contrib/postgres/indexes.py
+++ b/django/contrib/postgres/indexes.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 from django.db.models import Index
+from django.db.utils import NotSupportedError
 from django.utils.functional import cached_property
 
 __all__ = [
@@ -18,6 +19,7 @@ class PostgresIndex(Index):
         return Index.max_name_length - len(Index.suffix) + len(self.suffix)
 
     def create_sql(self, model, schema_editor, using=''):
+        self.check_supported(schema_editor)
         statement = super().create_sql(model, schema_editor, using=' USING %s' % self.suffix)
         with_params = self.get_with_params()
         if with_params:
@@ -27,6 +29,9 @@ class PostgresIndex(Index):
             )
         return statement
 
+    def check_supported(self, schema_editor):
+        pass
+
     def get_with_params(self):
         return []
 
@@ -49,6 +54,12 @@ class BrinIndex(PostgresIndex):
             kwargs['pages_per_range'] = self.pages_per_range
         return path, args, kwargs
 
+    def check_supported(self, schema_editor):
+        if not schema_editor.connection.features.has_brin_index_support:
+            raise NotSupportedError('BRIN indexes require PostgreSQL 9.5+.')
+        if self.autosummarize and not schema_editor.connection.features.has_brin_autosummarize:
+            raise NotSupportedError('BRIN option autosummarize requires PostgreSQL 10+.')
+
     def get_with_params(self):
         with_params = []
         if self.autosummarize is not None:
diff --git a/tests/postgres_tests/test_indexes.py b/tests/postgres_tests/test_indexes.py
index 96ff829807..f4ac359a3a 100644
--- a/tests/postgres_tests/test_indexes.py
+++ b/tests/postgres_tests/test_indexes.py
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
+from unittest import mock
+
 from django.contrib.postgres.indexes import (
     BrinIndex, BTreeIndex, GinIndex, GistIndex, HashIndex, SpGistIndex,
 )
 from django.db import connection
+from django.db.utils import NotSupportedError
 from django.test import skipUnlessDBFeature
 
 from . import PostgreSQLTestCase
@@ -208,6 +211,25 @@ class SchemaTests(PostgreSQLTestCase):
             editor.remove_index(CharFieldModel, index)
         self.assertNotIn(index_name, self.get_constraints(CharFieldModel._meta.db_table))
 
+    def test_brin_index_not_supported(self):
+        index_name = 'brin_index_exception'
+        index = BrinIndex(fields=['field'], name=index_name)
+        with self.assertRaisesMessage(NotSupportedError, 'BRIN indexes require PostgreSQL 9.5+.'):
+            with mock.patch('django.db.connection.features.has_brin_index_support', False):
+                with connection.schema_editor() as editor:
+                    editor.add_index(CharFieldModel, index)
+        self.assertNotIn(index_name, self.get_constraints(CharFieldModel._meta.db_table))
+
+    @skipUnlessDBFeature('has_brin_index_support')
+    def test_brin_autosummarize_not_supported(self):
+        index_name = 'brin_options_exception'
+        index = BrinIndex(fields=['field'], name=index_name, autosummarize=True)
+        with self.assertRaisesMessage(NotSupportedError, 'BRIN option autosummarize requires PostgreSQL 10+.'):
+            with mock.patch('django.db.connection.features.has_brin_autosummarize', False):
+                with connection.schema_editor() as editor:
+                    editor.add_index(CharFieldModel, index)
+        self.assertNotIn(index_name, self.get_constraints(CharFieldModel._meta.db_table))
+
     def test_btree_index(self):
         # Ensure the table is there and doesn't have an index.
         self.assertNotIn('field', self.get_constraints(CharFieldModel._meta.db_table))