import threading import warnings import weakref from django.utils.deprecation import RemovedInDjango40Warning from django.utils.inspect import func_accepts_kwargs def _make_id(target): if hasattr(target, '__func__'): return (id(target.__self__), id(target.__func__)) return id(target) NONE_ID = _make_id(None) # A marker for caching NO_RECEIVERS = object() class Signal: """ Base class for all signals Internal attributes: receivers { receiverkey (id) : weakref(receiver) } """ def __init__(self, providing_args=None, use_caching=False): """ Create a new signal. """ self.receivers = [] if providing_args is not None: warnings.warn( 'The providing_args argument is deprecated. As it is purely ' 'documentational, it has no replacement. If you rely on this ' 'argument as documentation, you can move the text to a code ' 'comment or docstring.', RemovedInDjango40Warning, stacklevel=2, ) self.lock = threading.Lock() self.use_caching = use_caching # For convenience we create empty caches even if they are not used. # A note about caching: if use_caching is defined, then for each # distinct sender we cache the receivers that sender has in # 'sender_receivers_cache'. The cache is cleaned when .connect() or # .disconnect() is called and populated on send(). self.sender_receivers_cache = weakref.WeakKeyDictionary() if use_caching else {} self._dead_receivers = False def connect(self, receiver, sender=None, weak=True, dispatch_uid=None): """ Connect receiver to sender for signal. Arguments: receiver A function or an instance method which is to receive signals. Receivers must be hashable objects. If weak is True, then receiver must be weak referenceable. Receivers must be able to accept keyword arguments. If a receiver is connected with a dispatch_uid argument, it will not be added if another receiver was already connected with that dispatch_uid. sender The sender to which the receiver should respond. Must either be a Python object, or None to receive events from any sender. weak Whether to use weak references to the receiver. By default, the module will attempt to use weak references to the receiver objects. If this parameter is false, then strong references will be used. dispatch_uid An identifier used to uniquely identify a particular instance of a receiver. This will usually be a string, though it may be anything hashable. """ from django.conf import settings # If DEBUG is on, check that we got a good receiver if settings.configured and settings.DEBUG: assert callable(receiver), "Signal receivers must be callable." # Check for **kwargs if not func_accepts_kwargs(receiver): raise ValueError("Signal receivers must accept keyword arguments (**kwargs).") if dispatch_uid: lookup_key = (dispatch_uid, _make_id(sender)) else: lookup_key = (_make_id(receiver), _make_id(sender)) if weak: ref = weakref.ref receiver_object = receiver # Check for bound methods if hasattr(receiver, '__self__') and hasattr(receiver, '__func__'): ref = weakref.WeakMethod receiver_object = receiver.__self__ receiver = ref(receiver) weakref.finalize(receiver_object, self._remove_receiver) with self.lock: self._clear_dead_receivers() if not any(r_key == lookup_key for r_key, _ in self.receivers): self.receivers.append((lookup_key, receiver)) self.sender_receivers_cache.clear() def disconnect(self, receiver=None, sender=None, dispatch_uid=None): """ Disconnect receiver from sender for signal. If weak references are used, disconnect need not be called. The receiver will be removed from dispatch automatically. Arguments: receiver The registered receiver to disconnect. May be none if dispatch_uid is specified. sender The registered sender to disconnect dispatch_uid the unique identifier of the receiver to disconnect """ if dispatch_uid: lookup_key = (dispatch_uid, _make_id(sender)) else: lookup_key = (_make_id(receiver), _make_id(sender)) disconnected = False with self.lock: self._clear_dead_receivers() for index in range(len(self.receivers)): (r_key, _) = self.receivers[index] if r_key == lookup_key: disconnected = True del self.receivers[index] break self.sender_receivers_cache.clear() return disconnected def has_listeners(self, sender=None): return bool(self._live_receivers(sender)) def send(self, sender, **named): """ Send signal from sender to all connected receivers. If any receiver raises an error, the error propagates back through send, terminating the dispatch loop. So it's possible that all receivers won't be called if an error is raised. Arguments: sender The sender of the signal. Either a specific object or None. named Named arguments which will be passed to receivers. Return a list of tuple pairs [(receiver, response), ... ]. """ if not self.receivers or self.sender_receivers_cache.get(sender) is NO_RECEIVERS: return [] return [ (receiver, receiver(signal=self, sender=sender, **named)) for receiver in self._live_receivers(sender) ] def send_robust(self, sender, **named): """ Send signal from sender to all connected receivers catching errors. Arguments: sender The sender of the signal. Can be any Python object (normally one registered with a connect if you actually want something to occur). named Named arguments which will be passed to receivers. Return a list of tuple pairs [(receiver, response), ... ]. If any receiver raises an error (specifically any subclass of Exception), return the error instance as the result for that receiver. """ if not self.receivers or self.sender_receivers_cache.get(sender) is NO_RECEIVERS: return [] # Call each receiver with whatever arguments it can accept. # Return a list of tuple pairs [(receiver, response), ... ]. responses = [] for receiver in self._live_receivers(sender): try: response = receiver(signal=self, sender=sender, **named) except Exception as err: responses.append((receiver, err)) else: responses.append((receiver, response)) return responses def _clear_dead_receivers(self): # Note: caller is assumed to hold self.lock. if self._dead_receivers: self._dead_receivers = False self.receivers = [ r for r in self.receivers if not(isinstance(r[1], weakref.ReferenceType) and r[1]() is None) ] def _live_receivers(self, sender): """ Filter sequence of receivers to get resolved, live receivers. This checks for weak references and resolves them, then returning only live receivers. """ receivers = None if self.use_caching and not self._dead_receivers: receivers = self.sender_receivers_cache.get(sender) # We could end up here with NO_RECEIVERS even if we do check this case in # .send() prior to calling _live_receivers() due to concurrent .send() call. if receivers is NO_RECEIVERS: return [] if receivers is None: with self.lock: self._clear_dead_receivers() senderkey = _make_id(sender) receivers = [] for (receiverkey, r_senderkey), receiver in self.receivers: if r_senderkey == NONE_ID or r_senderkey == senderkey: receivers.append(receiver) if self.use_caching: if not receivers: self.sender_receivers_cache[sender] = NO_RECEIVERS else: # Note, we must cache the weakref versions. self.sender_receivers_cache[sender] = receivers non_weak_receivers = [] for receiver in receivers: if isinstance(receiver, weakref.ReferenceType): # Dereference the weak reference. receiver = receiver() if receiver is not None: non_weak_receivers.append(receiver) else: non_weak_receivers.append(receiver) return non_weak_receivers def _remove_receiver(self, receiver=None): # Mark that the self.receivers list has dead weakrefs. If so, we will # clean those up in connect, disconnect and _live_receivers while # holding self.lock. Note that doing the cleanup here isn't a good # idea, _remove_receiver() will be called as side effect of garbage # collection, and so the call can happen while we are already holding # self.lock. self._dead_receivers = True def receiver(signal, **kwargs): """ A decorator for connecting receivers to signals. Used by passing in the signal (or list of signals) and keyword arguments to connect:: @receiver(post_save, sender=MyModel) def signal_receiver(sender, **kwargs): ... @receiver([post_save, post_delete], sender=MyModel) def signals_receiver(sender, **kwargs): ... """ def _decorator(func): if isinstance(signal, (list, tuple)): for s in signal: s.connect(func, **kwargs) else: signal.connect(func, **kwargs) return func return _decorator