import datetime from decimal import Decimal from django.core.exceptions import FieldDoesNotExist, FieldError from django.db.models import ( BooleanField, CharField, Count, DateTimeField, ExpressionWrapper, F, Func, IntegerField, NullBooleanField, Q, Sum, Value, ) from django.db.models.expressions import RawSQL from django.db.models.functions import Length, Lower from django.test import TestCase, skipUnlessDBFeature from .models import ( Author, Book, Company, DepartmentStore, Employee, Publisher, Store, Ticket, ) def cxOracle_py3_bug(func): """ There's a bug in Django/cx_Oracle with respect to string handling under Python 3 (essentially, they treat Python 3 strings as Python 2 strings rather than unicode). This makes some tests here fail under Python 3, so we mark them as expected failures until someone fixes them in #23843. """ from unittest import expectedFailure from django.db import connection return expectedFailure(func) if connection.vendor == 'oracle' else func class NonAggregateAnnotationTestCase(TestCase): @classmethod def setUpTestData(cls): cls.a1 = Author.objects.create(name='Adrian Holovaty', age=34) cls.a2 = Author.objects.create(name='Jacob Kaplan-Moss', age=35) cls.a3 = Author.objects.create(name='Brad Dayley', age=45) cls.a4 = Author.objects.create(name='James Bennett', age=29) cls.a5 = Author.objects.create(name='Jeffrey Forcier', age=37) cls.a6 = Author.objects.create(name='Paul Bissex', age=29) cls.a7 = Author.objects.create(name='Wesley J. Chun', age=25) cls.a8 = Author.objects.create(name='Peter Norvig', age=57) cls.a9 = Author.objects.create(name='Stuart Russell', age=46) cls.a1.friends.add(cls.a2, cls.a4) cls.a2.friends.add(cls.a1, cls.a7) cls.a4.friends.add(cls.a1) cls.a5.friends.add(cls.a6, cls.a7) cls.a6.friends.add(cls.a5, cls.a7) cls.a7.friends.add(cls.a2, cls.a5, cls.a6) cls.a8.friends.add(cls.a9) cls.a9.friends.add(cls.a8) cls.p1 = Publisher.objects.create(name='Apress', num_awards=3) cls.p2 = Publisher.objects.create(name='Sams', num_awards=1) cls.p3 = Publisher.objects.create(name='Prentice Hall', num_awards=7) cls.p4 = Publisher.objects.create(name='Morgan Kaufmann', num_awards=9) cls.p5 = Publisher.objects.create(name="Jonno's House of Books", num_awards=0) cls.b1 = Book.objects.create( isbn='159059725', name='The Definitive Guide to Django: Web Development Done Right', pages=447, rating=4.5, price=Decimal('30.00'), contact=cls.a1, publisher=cls.p1, pubdate=datetime.date(2007, 12, 6) ) cls.b2 = Book.objects.create( isbn='067232959', name='Sams Teach Yourself Django in 24 Hours', pages=528, rating=3.0, price=Decimal('23.09'), contact=cls.a3, publisher=cls.p2, pubdate=datetime.date(2008, 3, 3) ) cls.b3 = Book.objects.create( isbn='159059996', name='Practical Django Projects', pages=300, rating=4.0, price=Decimal('29.69'), contact=cls.a4, publisher=cls.p1, pubdate=datetime.date(2008, 6, 23) ) cls.b4 = Book.objects.create( isbn='013235613', name='Python Web Development with Django', pages=350, rating=4.0, price=Decimal('29.69'), contact=cls.a5, publisher=cls.p3, pubdate=datetime.date(2008, 11, 3) ) cls.b5 = Book.objects.create( isbn='013790395', name='Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach', pages=1132, rating=4.0, price=Decimal('82.80'), contact=cls.a8, publisher=cls.p3, pubdate=datetime.date(1995, 1, 15) ) cls.b6 = Book.objects.create( isbn='155860191', name='Paradigms of Artificial Intelligence Programming: Case Studies in Common Lisp', pages=946, rating=5.0, price=Decimal('75.00'), contact=cls.a8, publisher=cls.p4, pubdate=datetime.date(1991, 10, 15) ) cls.b1.authors.add(cls.a1, cls.a2) cls.b2.authors.add(cls.a3) cls.b3.authors.add(cls.a4) cls.b4.authors.add(cls.a5, cls.a6, cls.a7) cls.b5.authors.add(cls.a8, cls.a9) cls.b6.authors.add(cls.a8) s1 = Store.objects.create( name='Amazon.com', original_opening=datetime.datetime(1994, 4, 23, 9, 17, 42), friday_night_closing=datetime.time(23, 59, 59) ) s2 = Store.objects.create( name='Books.com', original_opening=datetime.datetime(2001, 3, 15, 11, 23, 37), friday_night_closing=datetime.time(23, 59, 59) ) s3 = Store.objects.create( name="Mamma and Pappa's Books", original_opening=datetime.datetime(1945, 4, 25, 16, 24, 14), friday_night_closing=datetime.time(21, 30) ) s1.books.add(cls.b1, cls.b2, cls.b3, cls.b4, cls.b5, cls.b6) s2.books.add(cls.b1, cls.b3, cls.b5, cls.b6) s3.books.add(cls.b3, cls.b4, cls.b6) def test_basic_annotation(self): books = Book.objects.annotate( is_book=Value(1, output_field=IntegerField())) for book in books: self.assertEqual(book.is_book, 1) def test_basic_f_annotation(self): books = Book.objects.annotate(another_rating=F('rating')) for book in books: self.assertEqual(book.another_rating, book.rating) def test_joined_annotation(self): books = Book.objects.select_related('publisher').annotate( num_awards=F('publisher__num_awards')) for book in books: self.assertEqual(book.num_awards, book.publisher.num_awards) def test_mixed_type_annotation_date_interval(self): active = datetime.datetime(2015, 3, 20, 14, 0, 0) duration = datetime.timedelta(hours=1) expires = datetime.datetime(2015, 3, 20, 14, 0, 0) + duration Ticket.objects.create(active_at=active, duration=duration) t = Ticket.objects.annotate( expires=ExpressionWrapper(F('active_at') + F('duration'), output_field=DateTimeField()) ).first() self.assertEqual(t.expires, expires) def test_mixed_type_annotation_numbers(self): test = self.b1 b = Book.objects.annotate( combined=ExpressionWrapper(F('pages') + F('rating'), output_field=IntegerField()) ).get(isbn=test.isbn) combined = int(test.pages + test.rating) self.assertEqual(b.combined, combined) def test_empty_expression_annotation(self): books = Book.objects.annotate( selected=ExpressionWrapper(Q(pk__in=[]), output_field=BooleanField()) ) self.assertEqual(len(books), Book.objects.count()) self.assertTrue(all(not book.selected for book in books)) books = Book.objects.annotate( selected=ExpressionWrapper(Q(pk__in=Book.objects.none()), output_field=BooleanField()) ) self.assertEqual(len(books), Book.objects.count()) self.assertTrue(all(not book.selected for book in books)) def test_annotate_with_aggregation(self): books = Book.objects.annotate( is_book=Value(1, output_field=IntegerField()), rating_count=Count('rating')) for book in books: self.assertEqual(book.is_book, 1) self.assertEqual(book.rating_count, 1) def test_aggregate_over_annotation(self): agg = Author.objects.annotate(other_age=F('age')).aggregate(otherage_sum=Sum('other_age')) other_agg = Author.objects.aggregate(age_sum=Sum('age')) self.assertEqual(agg['otherage_sum'], other_agg['age_sum']) @skipUnlessDBFeature('can_distinct_on_fields') def test_distinct_on_with_annotation(self): store = Store.objects.create( name='test store', original_opening=datetime.datetime.now(), friday_night_closing=datetime.time(21, 00, 00), ) names = [ 'Theodore Roosevelt', 'Eleanor Roosevelt', 'Franklin Roosevelt', 'Ned Stark', 'Catelyn Stark', ] for name in names: Employee.objects.create( store=store, first_name=name.split()[0], last_name=name.split()[1], age=30, salary=2000, ) people = Employee.objects.annotate( name_lower=Lower('last_name'), ).distinct('name_lower') self.assertEqual({p.last_name for p in people}, {'Stark', 'Roosevelt'}) self.assertEqual(len(people), 2) people2 = Employee.objects.annotate( test_alias=F('store__name'), ).distinct('test_alias') self.assertEqual(len(people2), 1) lengths = Employee.objects.annotate( name_len=Length('first_name'), ).distinct('name_len').values_list('name_len', flat=True) self.assertSequenceEqual(lengths, [3, 7, 8]) def test_filter_annotation(self): books = Book.objects.annotate( is_book=Value(1, output_field=IntegerField()) ).filter(is_book=1) for book in books: self.assertEqual(book.is_book, 1) def test_filter_annotation_with_f(self): books = Book.objects.annotate( other_rating=F('rating') ).filter(other_rating=3.5) for book in books: self.assertEqual(book.other_rating, 3.5) def test_filter_annotation_with_double_f(self): books = Book.objects.annotate( other_rating=F('rating') ).filter(other_rating=F('rating')) for book in books: self.assertEqual(book.other_rating, book.rating) def test_filter_agg_with_double_f(self): books = Book.objects.annotate( sum_rating=Sum('rating') ).filter(sum_rating=F('sum_rating')) for book in books: self.assertEqual(book.sum_rating, book.rating) def test_filter_wrong_annotation(self): with self.assertRaisesMessage(FieldError, "Cannot resolve keyword 'nope' into field."): list(Book.objects.annotate( sum_rating=Sum('rating') ).filter(sum_rating=F('nope'))) def test_decimal_annotation(self): salary = Decimal(10) ** -Employee._meta.get_field('salary').decimal_places Employee.objects.create( first_name='Max', last_name='Paine', store=Store.objects.first(), age=23, salary=salary, ) self.assertEqual( Employee.objects.annotate(new_salary=F('salary') / 10).get().new_salary, salary / 10, ) def test_filter_decimal_annotation(self): qs = Book.objects.annotate(new_price=F('price') + 1).filter(new_price=Decimal(31)).values_list('new_price') self.assertEqual(qs.get(), (Decimal(31),)) def test_combined_annotation_commutative(self): book1 = Book.objects.annotate(adjusted_rating=F('rating') + 2).get(pk=self.b1.pk) book2 = Book.objects.annotate(adjusted_rating=2 + F('rating')).get(pk=self.b1.pk) self.assertEqual(book1.adjusted_rating, book2.adjusted_rating) book1 = Book.objects.annotate(adjusted_rating=F('rating') + None).get(pk=self.b1.pk) book2 = Book.objects.annotate(adjusted_rating=None + F('rating')).get(pk=self.b1.pk) self.assertEqual(book1.adjusted_rating, book2.adjusted_rating) def test_update_with_annotation(self): book_preupdate = Book.objects.get(pk=self.b2.pk) Book.objects.annotate(other_rating=F('rating') - 1).update(rating=F('other_rating')) book_postupdate = Book.objects.get(pk=self.b2.pk) self.assertEqual(book_preupdate.rating - 1, book_postupdate.rating) def test_annotation_with_m2m(self): books = Book.objects.annotate(author_age=F('authors__age')).filter(pk=self.b1.pk).order_by('author_age') self.assertEqual(books[0].author_age, 34) self.assertEqual(books[1].author_age, 35) def test_annotation_reverse_m2m(self): books = Book.objects.annotate( store_name=F('store__name'), ).filter( name='Practical Django Projects', ).order_by('store_name') self.assertQuerysetEqual( books, [ 'Amazon.com', 'Books.com', 'Mamma and Pappa\'s Books' ], lambda b: b.store_name ) def test_values_annotation(self): """ Annotations can reference fields in a values clause, and contribute to an existing values clause. """ # annotate references a field in values() qs = Book.objects.values('rating').annotate(other_rating=F('rating') - 1) book = qs.get(pk=self.b1.pk) self.assertEqual(book['rating'] - 1, book['other_rating']) # filter refs the annotated value book = qs.get(other_rating=4) self.assertEqual(book['other_rating'], 4) # can annotate an existing values with a new field book = qs.annotate(other_isbn=F('isbn')).get(other_rating=4) self.assertEqual(book['other_rating'], 4) self.assertEqual(book['other_isbn'], '155860191') def test_values_with_pk_annotation(self): # annotate references a field in values() with pk publishers = Publisher.objects.values('id', 'book__rating').annotate(total=Sum('book__rating')) for publisher in publishers.filter(pk=self.p1.pk): self.assertEqual(publisher['book__rating'], publisher['total']) @skipUnlessDBFeature('allows_group_by_pk') def test_rawsql_group_by_collapse(self): raw = RawSQL('SELECT MIN(id) FROM annotations_book', []) qs = Author.objects.values('id').annotate( min_book_id=raw, count_friends=Count('friends'), ).order_by() _, _, group_by = qs.query.get_compiler(using='default').pre_sql_setup() self.assertEqual(len(group_by), 1) self.assertNotEqual(raw, group_by[0]) def test_defer_annotation(self): """ Deferred attributes can be referenced by an annotation, but they are not themselves deferred, and cannot be deferred. """ qs = Book.objects.defer('rating').annotate(other_rating=F('rating') - 1) with self.assertNumQueries(2): book = qs.get(other_rating=4) self.assertEqual(book.rating, 5) self.assertEqual(book.other_rating, 4) with self.assertRaisesMessage(FieldDoesNotExist, "Book has no field named 'other_rating'"): book = qs.defer('other_rating').get(other_rating=4) def test_mti_annotations(self): """ Fields on an inherited model can be referenced by an annotated field. """ d = DepartmentStore.objects.create( name='Angus & Robinson', original_opening=datetime.date(2014, 3, 8), friday_night_closing=datetime.time(21, 00, 00), chain='Westfield' ) books = Book.objects.filter(rating__gt=4) for b in books: d.books.add(b) qs = DepartmentStore.objects.annotate( other_name=F('name'), other_chain=F('chain'), is_open=Value(True, BooleanField()), book_isbn=F('books__isbn') ).order_by('book_isbn').filter(chain='Westfield') self.assertQuerysetEqual( qs, [ ('Angus & Robinson', 'Westfield', True, '155860191'), ('Angus & Robinson', 'Westfield', True, '159059725') ], lambda d: (d.other_name, d.other_chain, d.is_open, d.book_isbn) ) def test_null_annotation(self): """ Annotating None onto a model round-trips """ book = Book.objects.annotate(no_value=Value(None, output_field=IntegerField())).first() self.assertIsNone(book.no_value) def test_order_by_annotation(self): authors = Author.objects.annotate(other_age=F('age')).order_by('other_age') self.assertQuerysetEqual( authors, [ 25, 29, 29, 34, 35, 37, 45, 46, 57, ], lambda a: a.other_age ) def test_order_by_aggregate(self): authors = Author.objects.values('age').annotate(age_count=Count('age')).order_by('age_count', 'age') self.assertQuerysetEqual( authors, [ (25, 1), (34, 1), (35, 1), (37, 1), (45, 1), (46, 1), (57, 1), (29, 2), ], lambda a: (a['age'], a['age_count']) ) def test_annotate_exists(self): authors = Author.objects.annotate(c=Count('id')).filter(c__gt=1) self.assertFalse(authors.exists()) def test_column_field_ordering(self): """ Columns are aligned in the correct order for resolve_columns. This test will fail on MySQL if column ordering is out. Column fields should be aligned as: 1. extra_select 2. model_fields 3. annotation_fields 4. model_related_fields """ store = Store.objects.first() Employee.objects.create(id=1, first_name='Max', manager=True, last_name='Paine', store=store, age=23, salary=Decimal(50000.00)) Employee.objects.create(id=2, first_name='Buffy', manager=False, last_name='Summers', store=store, age=18, salary=Decimal(40000.00)) qs = Employee.objects.extra( select={'random_value': '42'} ).select_related('store').annotate( annotated_value=Value(17, output_field=IntegerField()) ) rows = [ (1, 'Max', True, 42, 'Paine', 23, Decimal(50000.00), store.name, 17), (2, 'Buffy', False, 42, 'Summers', 18, Decimal(40000.00), store.name, 17) ] self.assertQuerysetEqual( qs.order_by('id'), rows, lambda e: ( e.id, e.first_name, e.manager, e.random_value, e.last_name, e.age, e.salary, e.store.name, e.annotated_value)) def test_column_field_ordering_with_deferred(self): store = Store.objects.first() Employee.objects.create(id=1, first_name='Max', manager=True, last_name='Paine', store=store, age=23, salary=Decimal(50000.00)) Employee.objects.create(id=2, first_name='Buffy', manager=False, last_name='Summers', store=store, age=18, salary=Decimal(40000.00)) qs = Employee.objects.extra( select={'random_value': '42'} ).select_related('store').annotate( annotated_value=Value(17, output_field=IntegerField()) ) rows = [ (1, 'Max', True, 42, 'Paine', 23, Decimal(50000.00), store.name, 17), (2, 'Buffy', False, 42, 'Summers', 18, Decimal(40000.00), store.name, 17) ] # and we respect deferred columns! self.assertQuerysetEqual( qs.defer('age').order_by('id'), rows, lambda e: ( e.id, e.first_name, e.manager, e.random_value, e.last_name, e.age, e.salary, e.store.name, e.annotated_value)) @cxOracle_py3_bug def test_custom_functions(self): Company(name='Apple', motto=None, ticker_name='APPL', description='Beautiful Devices').save() Company(name='Django Software Foundation', motto=None, ticker_name=None, description=None).save() Company(name='Google', motto='Do No Evil', ticker_name='GOOG', description='Internet Company').save() Company(name='Yahoo', motto=None, ticker_name=None, description='Internet Company').save() qs = Company.objects.annotate( tagline=Func( F('motto'), F('ticker_name'), F('description'), Value('No Tag'), function='COALESCE' ) ).order_by('name') self.assertQuerysetEqual( qs, [ ('Apple', 'APPL'), ('Django Software Foundation', 'No Tag'), ('Google', 'Do No Evil'), ('Yahoo', 'Internet Company') ], lambda c: (c.name, c.tagline) ) @cxOracle_py3_bug def test_custom_functions_can_ref_other_functions(self): Company(name='Apple', motto=None, ticker_name='APPL', description='Beautiful Devices').save() Company(name='Django Software Foundation', motto=None, ticker_name=None, description=None).save() Company(name='Google', motto='Do No Evil', ticker_name='GOOG', description='Internet Company').save() Company(name='Yahoo', motto=None, ticker_name=None, description='Internet Company').save() class Lower(Func): function = 'LOWER' qs = Company.objects.annotate( tagline=Func( F('motto'), F('ticker_name'), F('description'), Value('No Tag'), function='COALESCE', ) ).annotate( tagline_lower=Lower(F('tagline'), output_field=CharField()) ).order_by('name') # LOWER function supported by: # oracle, postgres, mysql, sqlite, sqlserver self.assertQuerysetEqual( qs, [ ('Apple', 'APPL'.lower()), ('Django Software Foundation', 'No Tag'.lower()), ('Google', 'Do No Evil'.lower()), ('Yahoo', 'Internet Company'.lower()) ], lambda c: (c.name, c.tagline_lower) ) def test_boolean_value_annotation(self): books = Book.objects.annotate( is_book=Value(True, output_field=BooleanField()), is_pony=Value(False, output_field=BooleanField()), is_none=Value(None, output_field=BooleanField(null=True)), is_none_old=Value(None, output_field=NullBooleanField()), ) self.assertGreater(len(books), 0) for book in books: self.assertIs(book.is_book, True) self.assertIs(book.is_pony, False) self.assertIsNone(book.is_none) self.assertIsNone(book.is_none_old) def test_annotation_in_f_grouped_by_annotation(self): qs = ( Publisher.objects.annotate(multiplier=Value(3)) # group by option => sum of value * multiplier .values('name') .annotate(multiplied_value_sum=Sum(F('multiplier') * F('num_awards'))) .order_by() ) self.assertCountEqual( qs, [ {'multiplied_value_sum': 9, 'name': 'Apress'}, {'multiplied_value_sum': 0, 'name': "Jonno's House of Books"}, {'multiplied_value_sum': 27, 'name': 'Morgan Kaufmann'}, {'multiplied_value_sum': 21, 'name': 'Prentice Hall'}, {'multiplied_value_sum': 3, 'name': 'Sams'}, ] ) def test_arguments_must_be_expressions(self): msg = 'QuerySet.annotate() received non-expression(s): %s.' with self.assertRaisesMessage(TypeError, msg % BooleanField()): Book.objects.annotate(BooleanField()) with self.assertRaisesMessage(TypeError, msg % True): Book.objects.annotate(is_book=True) with self.assertRaisesMessage(TypeError, msg % ', '.join([str(BooleanField()), 'True'])): Book.objects.annotate(BooleanField(), Value(False), is_book=True)