# Django management-related functions, including "CREATE TABLE" generation and # development-server initialization. import django import os, re, sys MODULE_TEMPLATE = ''' {%% if perms.%(app)s.%(addperm)s or perms.%(app)s.%(changeperm)s %%} {%% if perms.%(app)s.%(changeperm)s %%}{%% endif %%}%(name)s{%% if perms.%(app)s.%(changeperm)s %%}{%% endif %%} {%% if perms.%(app)s.%(addperm)s %%}{%% endif %%}Add{%% if perms.%(app)s.%(addperm)s %%}{%% endif %%} {%% if perms.%(app)s.%(changeperm)s %%}{%% endif %%}Change{%% if perms.%(app)s.%(changeperm)s %%}{%% endif %%} {%% endif %%}''' APP_ARGS = '[app app ...]' # Use django.__path__[0] because we don't know which directory django into # which has been installed. PROJECT_TEMPLATE_DIR = django.__path__[0] + '/conf/%s_template' ADMIN_TEMPLATE_DIR = django.__path__[0] + '/conf/admin_templates' def _get_packages_insert(app_label): return "INSERT INTO packages (label, name) VALUES ('%s', '%s');" % (app_label, app_label) def _get_permission_codename(action, opts): return '%s_%s' % (action, opts.object_name.lower()) def _get_all_permissions(opts): "Returns (codename, name) for all permissions in the given opts." perms = [] if opts.admin: for action in ('add', 'change', 'delete'): perms.append((_get_permission_codename(action, opts), 'Can %s %s' % (action, opts.verbose_name))) return perms + list(opts.permissions) def _get_permission_insert(name, codename, opts): return "INSERT INTO auth_permissions (name, package, codename) VALUES ('%s', '%s', '%s');" % \ (name.replace("'", "''"), opts.app_label, codename) def _get_contenttype_insert(opts): return "INSERT INTO content_types (name, package, python_module_name) VALUES ('%s', '%s', '%s');" % \ (opts.verbose_name, opts.app_label, opts.module_name) def _is_valid_dir_name(s): return bool(re.search(r'^\w+$', s)) def get_sql_create(mod): "Returns a list of the CREATE TABLE SQL statements for the given module." from django.core import db, meta final_output = [] for klass in mod._MODELS: opts = klass._meta table_output = [] for f in opts.fields: if isinstance(f, meta.ForeignKey): rel_field = f.rel.get_related_field() # If the foreign key points to an AutoField, the foreign key # should be an IntegerField, not an AutoField. Otherwise, the # foreign key should be the same type of field as the field # to which it points. if rel_field.__class__.__name__ == 'AutoField': data_type = 'IntegerField' else: data_type = rel_field.__class__.__name__ else: rel_field = f data_type = f.__class__.__name__ col_type = db.DATA_TYPES[data_type] if col_type is not None: field_output = [f.name, col_type % rel_field.__dict__] field_output.append('%sNULL' % (not f.null and 'NOT ' or '')) if f.unique: field_output.append('UNIQUE') if f.primary_key: field_output.append('PRIMARY KEY') if f.rel: field_output.append('REFERENCES %s (%s)' % \ (f.rel.to.db_table, f.rel.to.get_field(f.rel.field_name).name)) table_output.append(' '.join(field_output)) if opts.order_with_respect_to: table_output.append('_order %s NULL' % db.DATA_TYPES['IntegerField']) for field_constraints in opts.unique_together: table_output.append('UNIQUE (%s)' % ", ".join(field_constraints)) full_statement = ['CREATE TABLE %s (' % opts.db_table] for i, line in enumerate(table_output): # Combine and add commas. full_statement.append(' %s%s' % (line, i < len(table_output)-1 and ',' or '')) full_statement.append(');') final_output.append('\n'.join(full_statement)) for klass in mod._MODELS: opts = klass._meta for f in opts.many_to_many: table_output = ['CREATE TABLE %s (' % f.get_m2m_db_table(opts)] table_output.append(' id %s NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,' % db.DATA_TYPES['AutoField']) table_output.append(' %s_id %s NOT NULL REFERENCES %s (%s),' % \ (opts.object_name.lower(), db.DATA_TYPES['IntegerField'], opts.db_table, opts.pk.name)) table_output.append(' %s_id %s NOT NULL REFERENCES %s (%s),' % \ (f.rel.to.object_name.lower(), db.DATA_TYPES['IntegerField'], f.rel.to.db_table, f.rel.to.pk.name)) table_output.append(' UNIQUE (%s_id, %s_id)' % (opts.object_name.lower(), f.rel.to.object_name.lower())) table_output.append(');') final_output.append('\n'.join(table_output)) return final_output get_sql_create.help_doc = "Prints the CREATE TABLE SQL statements for the given app(s)." get_sql_create.args = APP_ARGS def get_sql_delete(mod): "Returns a list of the DROP TABLE SQL statements for the given module." from django.core import db try: cursor = db.db.cursor() except: cursor = None output = [] for klass in mod._MODELS: try: if cursor is not None: # Check whether the table exists. cursor.execute("SELECT 1 FROM %s LIMIT 1" % klass._meta.db_table) except: # The table doesn't exist, so it doesn't need to be dropped. pass else: output.append("DROP TABLE %s;" % klass._meta.db_table) for klass in mod._MODELS: opts = klass._meta for f in opts.many_to_many: try: if cursor is not None: cursor.execute("SELECT 1 FROM %s LIMIT 1" % f.get_m2m_db_table(opts)) except: pass else: output.append("DROP TABLE %s;" % f.get_m2m_db_table(opts)) output.append("DELETE FROM packages WHERE label = '%s';" % mod._MODELS[0]._meta.app_label) output.append("DELETE FROM auth_permissions WHERE package = '%s';" % mod._MODELS[0]._meta.app_label) output.append("DELETE FROM content_types WHERE package = '%s';" % mod._MODELS[0]._meta.app_label) return output[::-1] # Reverse it, to deal with table dependencies. get_sql_delete.help_doc = "Prints the DROP TABLE SQL statements for the given app(s)." get_sql_delete.args = APP_ARGS def get_sql_reset(mod): "Returns a list of the DROP TABLE SQL, then the CREATE TABLE SQL, for the given module." return get_sql_delete(mod) + get_sql_all(mod) get_sql_reset.help_doc = "Prints the DROP TABLE SQL, then the CREATE TABLE SQL, for the given app(s)." get_sql_reset.args = APP_ARGS def get_sql_initial_data(mod): "Returns a list of the initial INSERT SQL statements for the given module." output = [] app_label = mod._MODELS[0]._meta.app_label output.append(_get_packages_insert(app_label)) app_dir = os.path.normpath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(mod.__file__), '../sql')) for klass in mod._MODELS: opts = klass._meta # Add custom SQL, if it's available. sql_file_name = os.path.join(app_dir, opts.module_name + '.sql') if os.path.exists(sql_file_name): fp = open(sql_file_name, 'r') output.append(fp.read()) fp.close() # Content types. output.append(_get_contenttype_insert(opts)) # Permissions. for codename, name in _get_all_permissions(opts): output.append(_get_permission_insert(name, codename, opts)) return output get_sql_initial_data.help_doc = "Prints the initial INSERT SQL statements for the given app(s)." get_sql_initial_data.args = APP_ARGS def get_sql_sequence_reset(mod): "Returns a list of the SQL statements to reset PostgreSQL sequences for the given module." from django.core import meta output = [] for klass in mod._MODELS: for f in klass._meta.fields: if isinstance(f, meta.AutoField): output.append("SELECT setval('%s_%s_seq', (SELECT max(%s) FROM %s));" % (klass._meta.db_table, f.name, f.name, klass._meta.db_table)) return output get_sql_sequence_reset.help_doc = "Prints the SQL statements for resetting PostgreSQL sequences for the given app(s)." get_sql_sequence_reset.args = APP_ARGS def get_sql_indexes(mod): "Returns a list of the CREATE INDEX SQL statements for the given module." output = [] for klass in mod._MODELS: for f in klass._meta.fields: if f.db_index: unique = f.unique and "UNIQUE " or "" output.append("CREATE %sINDEX %s_%s ON %s (%s);" % \ (unique, klass._meta.db_table, f.name, klass._meta.db_table, f.name)) return output get_sql_indexes.help_doc = "Prints the CREATE INDEX SQL statements for the given app(s)." get_sql_indexes.args = APP_ARGS def get_sql_all(mod): "Returns a list of CREATE TABLE SQL and initial-data insert for the given module." return get_sql_create(mod) + get_sql_initial_data(mod) get_sql_all.help_doc = "Prints the CREATE TABLE and initial-data SQL statements for the given app(s)." get_sql_all.args = APP_ARGS def database_check(mod): "Checks that everything is properly installed in the database for the given module." from django.core import db cursor = db.db.cursor() app_label = mod._MODELS[0]._meta.app_label # Check that the package exists in the database. cursor.execute("SELECT 1 FROM packages WHERE label = %s", [app_label]) if cursor.rowcount < 1: # sys.stderr.write("The '%s' package isn't installed.\n" % app_label) print _get_packages_insert(app_label) # Check that the permissions and content types are in the database. perms_seen = {} contenttypes_seen = {} for klass in mod._MODELS: opts = klass._meta perms = _get_all_permissions(opts) perms_seen.update(dict(perms)) contenttypes_seen[opts.module_name] = 1 for codename, name in perms: cursor.execute("SELECT 1 FROM auth_permissions WHERE package = %s AND codename = %s", (app_label, codename)) if cursor.rowcount < 1: # sys.stderr.write("The '%s.%s' permission doesn't exist.\n" % (app_label, codename)) print _get_permission_insert(name, codename, opts) cursor.execute("SELECT 1 FROM content_types WHERE package = %s AND python_module_name = %s", (app_label, opts.module_name)) if cursor.rowcount < 1: # sys.stderr.write("The '%s.%s' content type doesn't exist.\n" % (app_label, opts.module_name)) print _get_contenttype_insert(opts) # Check that there aren't any *extra* permissions in the DB that the model # doesn't know about. cursor.execute("SELECT codename FROM auth_permissions WHERE package = %s", (app_label,)) for row in cursor.fetchall(): try: perms_seen[row[0]] except KeyError: # sys.stderr.write("A permission called '%s.%s' was found in the database but not in the model.\n" % (app_label, row[0])) print "DELETE FROM auth_permissions WHERE package='%s' AND codename = '%s';" % (app_label, row[0]) # Check that there aren't any *extra* content types in the DB that the # model doesn't know about. cursor.execute("SELECT python_module_name FROM content_types WHERE package = %s", (app_label,)) for row in cursor.fetchall(): try: contenttypes_seen[row[0]] except KeyError: # sys.stderr.write("A content type called '%s.%s' was found in the database but not in the model.\n" % (app_label, row[0])) print "DELETE FROM content_types WHERE package='%s' AND python_module_name = '%s';" % (app_label, row[0]) database_check.help_doc = "Checks that everything is installed in the database for the given app(s) and prints SQL statements if needed." database_check.args = APP_ARGS def get_admin_index(mod): "Returns admin-index template snippet (in list form) for the given module." from django.core import meta output = [] app_label = mod._MODELS[0]._meta.app_label output.append('{%% if perms.%s %%}' % app_label) output.append('

%s

' % app_label.title()) for klass in mod._MODELS: if klass._meta.admin: output.append(MODULE_TEMPLATE % { 'app': app_label, 'mod': klass._meta.module_name, 'name': meta.capfirst(klass._meta.verbose_name_plural), 'addperm': klass._meta.get_add_permission(), 'changeperm': klass._meta.get_change_permission(), }) output.append('
') output.append('{% endif %}') return output get_admin_index.help_doc = "Prints the admin-index template snippet for the given app(s)." get_admin_index.args = APP_ARGS def init(): "Initializes the database with auth and core." from django.core import db, meta auth = meta.get_app('auth') core = meta.get_app('core') try: cursor = db.db.cursor() for sql in get_sql_create(core) + get_sql_create(auth) + get_sql_initial_data(core) + get_sql_initial_data(auth): cursor.execute(sql) cursor.execute("INSERT INTO %s (domain, name) VALUES ('mysite.com', 'My Django site')" % core.Site._meta.db_table) except Exception, e: sys.stderr.write("Error: The database couldn't be initialized. Here's the full exception:\n%s\n" % e) db.db.rollback() sys.exit(1) db.db.commit() init.args = '' def install(mod): "Executes the equivalent of 'get_sql_all' in the current database." from django.core import db sql_list = get_sql_all(mod) try: cursor = db.db.cursor() for sql in sql_list: cursor.execute(sql) except Exception, e: mod_name = mod.__name__[mod.__name__.rindex('.')+1:] sys.stderr.write("""Error: %s couldn't be installed. Possible reasons: * The database isn't running or isn't configured correctly. * At least one of the database tables already exists. * The SQL was invalid. Hint: Look at the output of 'django-admin.py sqlall %s'. That's the SQL this command wasn't able to run. The full error: %s\n""" % \ (mod_name, mod_name, e)) db.db.rollback() sys.exit(1) db.db.commit() install.args = APP_ARGS def _start_helper(app_or_project, name, directory, other_name=''): other = {'project': 'app', 'app': 'project'}[app_or_project] if not _is_valid_dir_name(name): sys.stderr.write("Error: %r is not a valid %s name. Please use only numbers, letters and underscores.\n" % (name, app_or_project)) sys.exit(1) top_dir = os.path.join(directory, name) try: os.mkdir(top_dir) except OSError, e: sys.stderr.write("Error: %s\n" % e) sys.exit(1) template_dir = PROJECT_TEMPLATE_DIR % app_or_project for d, subdirs, files in os.walk(template_dir): relative_dir = d[len(template_dir)+1:].replace('%s_name' % app_or_project, name) if relative_dir: os.mkdir(os.path.join(top_dir, relative_dir)) for i, subdir in enumerate(subdirs): if subdir.startswith('.'): del subdirs[i] for f in files: if f.endswith('.pyc'): continue fp_old = open(os.path.join(d, f), 'r') fp_new = open(os.path.join(top_dir, relative_dir, f.replace('%s_name' % app_or_project, name)), 'w') fp_new.write(fp_old.read().replace('{{ %s_name }}' % app_or_project, name).replace('{{ %s_name }}' % other, other_name)) fp_old.close() fp_new.close() def startproject(project_name, directory): "Creates a Django project for the given project_name in the given directory." from random import choice _start_helper('project', project_name, directory) # Populate TEMPLATE_DIRS for the admin templates, based on where Django is # installed. admin_settings_file = os.path.join(directory, project_name, 'settings/admin.py') settings_contents = open(admin_settings_file, 'r').read() fp = open(admin_settings_file, 'w') settings_contents = re.sub(r'(?s)\b(TEMPLATE_DIRS\s*=\s*\()(.*?)\)', "\\1\n '%s',\\2)" % ADMIN_TEMPLATE_DIR, settings_contents) fp.write(settings_contents) fp.close() # Create a random SECRET_KEY hash, and put it in the main settings. main_settings_file = os.path.join(directory, project_name, 'settings/main.py') settings_contents = open(main_settings_file, 'r').read() fp = open(main_settings_file, 'w') secret_key = ''.join([choice('abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789!@#$%^&*(-_=+)') for i in range(50)]) settings_contents = re.sub(r"(?<=SECRET_KEY = ')'", secret_key + "'", settings_contents) fp.write(settings_contents) fp.close() startproject.help_doc = "Creates a Django project directory structure for the given project name in the current directory." startproject.args = "[projectname]" def startapp(app_name, directory): "Creates a Django app for the given project_name in the given directory." # Determine the project_name a bit naively -- by looking at the name of # the parent directory. project_dir = os.path.normpath(os.path.join(directory, '../')) project_name = os.path.basename(project_dir) _start_helper('app', app_name, directory, project_name) startapp.help_doc = "Creates a Django app directory structure for the given app name in the current directory." startapp.args = "[appname]" def createsuperuser(): "Creates a superuser account." from django.core import validators from django.models.auth import users import getpass try: while 1: username = raw_input('Username (only letters, digits and underscores): ') if not username.isalnum(): sys.stderr.write("Error: That username is invalid.\n") continue try: users.get_object(username__exact=username) except users.UserDoesNotExist: break else: sys.stderr.write("Error: That username is already taken.\n") while 1: email = raw_input('E-mail address: ') try: validators.isValidEmail(email, None) except validators.ValidationError: sys.stderr.write("Error: That e-mail address is invalid.\n") else: break while 1: password = getpass.getpass() password2 = getpass.getpass('Password (again): ') if password == password2: break sys.stderr.write("Error: Your passwords didn't match.\n") except KeyboardInterrupt: sys.stderr.write("\nOperation cancelled.\n") sys.exit(1) u = users.create_user(username, email, password) u.is_staff = True u.is_active = True u.is_superuser = True u.save() print "User created successfully." createsuperuser.args = '' def runserver(port): "Starts a lightweight Web server for development." from django.core.servers.basehttp import run, WSGIServerException from django.core.handlers.wsgi import AdminMediaHandler, WSGIHandler if not port.isdigit(): sys.stderr.write("Error: %r is not a valid port number.\n" % port) sys.exit(1) def inner_run(): from django.conf.settings import SETTINGS_MODULE print "Starting server on port %s with settings module %r." % (port, SETTINGS_MODULE) print "Go to http://127.0.0.1:%s/ for Django." % port print "Quit the server with CONTROL-C (Unix) or CTRL-BREAK (Windows)." try: run(int(port), AdminMediaHandler(WSGIHandler())) except WSGIServerException, e: # Use helpful error messages instead of ugly tracebacks. ERRORS = { 13: "You don't have permission to access that port.", 98: "That port is already in use.", } try: error_text = ERRORS[e.args[0].args[0]] except (AttributeError, KeyError): error_text = str(e) sys.stderr.write("Error: %s\n" % error_text) sys.exit(1) except KeyboardInterrupt: sys.exit(0) from django.utils import autoreload autoreload.main(inner_run) runserver.args = '[optional port number]'