import tempfile import unittest from io import StringIO from django.contrib.gis import gdal from django.contrib.gis.db.models import Extent, MakeLine, Union, functions from django.contrib.gis.geos import ( GeometryCollection, GEOSGeometry, LinearRing, LineString, MultiLineString, MultiPoint, MultiPolygon, Point, Polygon, fromstr, ) from django.core.management import call_command from django.db import DatabaseError, NotSupportedError, connection from django.db.models import F, OuterRef, Subquery from django.test import TestCase, skipUnlessDBFeature from ..utils import ( mariadb, mysql, no_oracle, oracle, postgis, skipUnlessGISLookup, spatialite, ) from .models import ( City, Country, Feature, MinusOneSRID, MultiFields, NonConcreteModel, PennsylvaniaCity, State, Track, ) class GeoModelTest(TestCase): fixtures = ['initial'] def test_fixtures(self): "Testing geographic model initialization from fixtures." # Ensuring that data was loaded from initial data fixtures. self.assertEqual(2, Country.objects.count()) self.assertEqual(8, City.objects.count()) self.assertEqual(2, State.objects.count()) def test_proxy(self): "Testing Lazy-Geometry support (using the GeometryProxy)." # Testing on a Point pnt = Point(0, 0) nullcity = City(name='NullCity', point=pnt) nullcity.save() # Making sure TypeError is thrown when trying to set with an # incompatible type. for bad in [5, 2.0, LineString((0, 0), (1, 1))]: with self.assertRaisesMessage(TypeError, 'Cannot set'): nullcity.point = bad # Now setting with a compatible GEOS Geometry, saving, and ensuring # the save took, notice no SRID is explicitly set. new = Point(5, 23) nullcity.point = new # Ensuring that the SRID is automatically set to that of the # field after assignment, but before saving. self.assertEqual(4326, nullcity.point.srid) nullcity.save() # Ensuring the point was saved correctly after saving self.assertEqual(new, City.objects.get(name='NullCity').point) # Setting the X and Y of the Point nullcity.point.x = 23 nullcity.point.y = 5 # Checking assignments pre & post-save. self.assertNotEqual(Point(23, 5, srid=4326), City.objects.get(name='NullCity').point) nullcity.save() self.assertEqual(Point(23, 5, srid=4326), City.objects.get(name='NullCity').point) nullcity.delete() # Testing on a Polygon shell = LinearRing((0, 0), (0, 90), (100, 90), (100, 0), (0, 0)) inner = LinearRing((40, 40), (40, 60), (60, 60), (60, 40), (40, 40)) # Creating a State object using a built Polygon ply = Polygon(shell, inner) nullstate = State(name='NullState', poly=ply) self.assertEqual(4326, nullstate.poly.srid) # SRID auto-set from None nullstate.save() ns = State.objects.get(name='NullState') self.assertEqual(ply, ns.poly) # Testing the `ogr` and `srs` lazy-geometry properties. self.assertIsInstance(ns.poly.ogr, gdal.OGRGeometry) self.assertEqual(ns.poly.wkb, ns.poly.ogr.wkb) self.assertIsInstance(ns.poly.srs, gdal.SpatialReference) self.assertEqual('WGS 84', ns.poly.srs.name) # Changing the interior ring on the poly attribute. new_inner = LinearRing((30, 30), (30, 70), (70, 70), (70, 30), (30, 30)) ns.poly[1] = new_inner ply[1] = new_inner self.assertEqual(4326, ns.poly.srid) ns.save() self.assertEqual(ply, State.objects.get(name='NullState').poly) ns.delete() @skipUnlessDBFeature("supports_transform") def test_lookup_insert_transform(self): "Testing automatic transform for lookups and inserts." # San Antonio in 'WGS84' (SRID 4326) sa_4326 = 'POINT (-98.493183 29.424170)' wgs_pnt = fromstr(sa_4326, srid=4326) # Our reference point in WGS84 # San Antonio in 'WGS 84 / Pseudo-Mercator' (SRID 3857) other_srid_pnt = wgs_pnt.transform(3857, clone=True) # Constructing & querying with a point from a different SRID. Oracle # `SDO_OVERLAPBDYINTERSECT` operates differently from # `ST_Intersects`, so contains is used instead. if oracle: tx = Country.objects.get(mpoly__contains=other_srid_pnt) else: tx = Country.objects.get(mpoly__intersects=other_srid_pnt) self.assertEqual('Texas', tx.name) # Creating San Antonio. Remember the Alamo. sa = City.objects.create(name='San Antonio', point=other_srid_pnt) # Now verifying that San Antonio was transformed correctly sa = City.objects.get(name='San Antonio') self.assertAlmostEqual(wgs_pnt.x, sa.point.x, 6) self.assertAlmostEqual(wgs_pnt.y, sa.point.y, 6) # If the GeometryField SRID is -1, then we shouldn't perform any # transformation if the SRID of the input geometry is different. m1 = MinusOneSRID(geom=Point(17, 23, srid=4326)) m1.save() self.assertEqual(-1, m1.geom.srid) def test_createnull(self): "Testing creating a model instance and the geometry being None" c = City() self.assertIsNone(c.point) def test_geometryfield(self): "Testing the general GeometryField." Feature(name='Point', geom=Point(1, 1)).save() Feature(name='LineString', geom=LineString((0, 0), (1, 1), (5, 5))).save() Feature(name='Polygon', geom=Polygon(LinearRing((0, 0), (0, 5), (5, 5), (5, 0), (0, 0)))).save() Feature(name='GeometryCollection', geom=GeometryCollection(Point(2, 2), LineString((0, 0), (2, 2)), Polygon(LinearRing((0, 0), (0, 5), (5, 5), (5, 0), (0, 0))))).save() f_1 = Feature.objects.get(name='Point') self.assertIsInstance(f_1.geom, Point) self.assertEqual((1.0, 1.0), f_1.geom.tuple) f_2 = Feature.objects.get(name='LineString') self.assertIsInstance(f_2.geom, LineString) self.assertEqual(((0.0, 0.0), (1.0, 1.0), (5.0, 5.0)), f_2.geom.tuple) f_3 = Feature.objects.get(name='Polygon') self.assertIsInstance(f_3.geom, Polygon) f_4 = Feature.objects.get(name='GeometryCollection') self.assertIsInstance(f_4.geom, GeometryCollection) self.assertEqual(f_3.geom, f_4.geom[2]) # TODO: fix on Oracle: ORA-22901: cannot compare nested table or VARRAY or # LOB attributes of an object type. @no_oracle @skipUnlessDBFeature("supports_transform") def test_inherited_geofields(self): "Database functions on inherited Geometry fields." # Creating a Pennsylvanian city. PennsylvaniaCity.objects.create(name='Mansfield', county='Tioga', point='POINT(-77.071445 41.823881)') # All transformation SQL will need to be performed on the # _parent_ table. qs = PennsylvaniaCity.objects.annotate(new_point=functions.Transform('point', srid=32128)) self.assertEqual(1, qs.count()) for pc in qs: self.assertEqual(32128, pc.new_point.srid) def test_raw_sql_query(self): "Testing raw SQL query." cities1 = City.objects.all() point_select = connection.ops.select % 'point' cities2 = list(City.objects.raw( 'select id, name, %s as point from geoapp_city' % point_select )) self.assertEqual(len(cities1), len(cities2)) with self.assertNumQueries(0): # Ensure point isn't deferred. self.assertIsInstance(cities2[0].point, Point) def test_dumpdata_loaddata_cycle(self): """ Test a dumpdata/loaddata cycle with geographic data. """ out = StringIO() original_data = list(City.objects.all().order_by('name')) call_command('dumpdata', 'geoapp.City', stdout=out) result = out.getvalue() houston = City.objects.get(name='Houston') self.assertIn('"point": "%s"' % houston.point.ewkt, result) # Reload now dumped data with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(mode='w', suffix='.json') as tmp: tmp.write(result) tmp.seek(0) call_command('loaddata', tmp.name, verbosity=0) self.assertEqual(original_data, list(City.objects.all().order_by('name'))) @skipUnlessDBFeature("supports_empty_geometries") def test_empty_geometries(self): geometry_classes = [ Point, LineString, LinearRing, Polygon, MultiPoint, MultiLineString, MultiPolygon, GeometryCollection, ] for klass in geometry_classes: g = klass(srid=4326) feature = Feature.objects.create(name='Empty %s' % klass.__name__, geom=g) feature.refresh_from_db() if klass is LinearRing: # LinearRing isn't representable in WKB, so GEOSGeomtry.wkb # uses LineString instead. g = LineString(srid=4326) self.assertEqual(feature.geom, g) self.assertEqual(feature.geom.srid, g.srid) class GeoLookupTest(TestCase): fixtures = ['initial'] def test_disjoint_lookup(self): "Testing the `disjoint` lookup type." if mysql and not mariadb and connection.mysql_version < (8, 0, 0): raise unittest.SkipTest('MySQL < 8 gives different results.') ptown = City.objects.get(name='Pueblo') qs1 = City.objects.filter(point__disjoint=ptown.point) self.assertEqual(7, qs1.count()) qs2 = State.objects.filter(poly__disjoint=ptown.point) self.assertEqual(1, qs2.count()) self.assertEqual('Kansas', qs2[0].name) def test_contains_contained_lookups(self): "Testing the 'contained', 'contains', and 'bbcontains' lookup types." # Getting Texas, yes we were a country -- once ;) texas = Country.objects.get(name='Texas') # Seeing what cities are in Texas, should get Houston and Dallas, # and Oklahoma City because 'contained' only checks on the # _bounding box_ of the Geometries. if connection.features.supports_contained_lookup: qs = City.objects.filter(point__contained=texas.mpoly) self.assertEqual(3, qs.count()) cities = ['Houston', 'Dallas', 'Oklahoma City'] for c in qs: self.assertIn(c.name, cities) # Pulling out some cities. houston = City.objects.get(name='Houston') wellington = City.objects.get(name='Wellington') pueblo = City.objects.get(name='Pueblo') okcity = City.objects.get(name='Oklahoma City') lawrence = City.objects.get(name='Lawrence') # Now testing contains on the countries using the points for # Houston and Wellington. tx = Country.objects.get(mpoly__contains=houston.point) # Query w/GEOSGeometry nz = Country.objects.get(mpoly__contains=wellington.point.hex) # Query w/EWKBHEX self.assertEqual('Texas', tx.name) self.assertEqual('New Zealand', nz.name) # Testing `contains` on the states using the point for Lawrence. ks = State.objects.get(poly__contains=lawrence.point) self.assertEqual('Kansas', ks.name) # Pueblo and Oklahoma City (even though OK City is within the bounding box of Texas) # are not contained in Texas or New Zealand. self.assertEqual(len(Country.objects.filter(mpoly__contains=pueblo.point)), 0) # Query w/GEOSGeometry object self.assertEqual(len(Country.objects.filter(mpoly__contains=okcity.point.wkt)), 0) # Query w/WKT # OK City is contained w/in bounding box of Texas. if connection.features.supports_bbcontains_lookup: qs = Country.objects.filter(mpoly__bbcontains=okcity.point) self.assertEqual(1, len(qs)) self.assertEqual('Texas', qs[0].name) @skipUnlessDBFeature("supports_crosses_lookup") def test_crosses_lookup(self): Track.objects.create( name='Line1', line=LineString([(-95, 29), (-60, 0)]) ) self.assertEqual( Track.objects.filter(line__crosses=LineString([(-95, 0), (-60, 29)])).count(), 1 ) self.assertEqual( Track.objects.filter(line__crosses=LineString([(-95, 30), (0, 30)])).count(), 0 ) @skipUnlessDBFeature("supports_isvalid_lookup") def test_isvalid_lookup(self): invalid_geom = fromstr('POLYGON((0 0, 0 1, 1 1, 1 0, 1 1, 1 0, 0 0))') State.objects.create(name='invalid', poly=invalid_geom) qs = State.objects.all() if oracle or (mysql and connection.mysql_version < (8, 0, 0)): # Kansas has adjacent vertices with distance 6.99244813842e-12 # which is smaller than the default Oracle tolerance. # It's invalid on MySQL < 8 also. qs = qs.exclude(name='Kansas') self.assertEqual(State.objects.filter(name='Kansas', poly__isvalid=False).count(), 1) self.assertEqual(qs.filter(poly__isvalid=False).count(), 1) self.assertEqual(qs.filter(poly__isvalid=True).count(), qs.count() - 1) @skipUnlessDBFeature("supports_left_right_lookups") def test_left_right_lookups(self): "Testing the 'left' and 'right' lookup types." # Left: A << B => true if xmax(A) < xmin(B) # Right: A >> B => true if xmin(A) > xmax(B) # See: BOX2D_left() and BOX2D_right() in lwgeom_box2dfloat4.c in PostGIS source. # Getting the borders for Colorado & Kansas co_border = State.objects.get(name='Colorado').poly ks_border = State.objects.get(name='Kansas').poly # Note: Wellington has an 'X' value of 174, so it will not be considered # to the left of CO. # These cities should be strictly to the right of the CO border. cities = ['Houston', 'Dallas', 'Oklahoma City', 'Lawrence', 'Chicago', 'Wellington'] qs = City.objects.filter(point__right=co_border) self.assertEqual(6, len(qs)) for c in qs: self.assertIn(c.name, cities) # These cities should be strictly to the right of the KS border. cities = ['Chicago', 'Wellington'] qs = City.objects.filter(point__right=ks_border) self.assertEqual(2, len(qs)) for c in qs: self.assertIn(c.name, cities) # Note: Wellington has an 'X' value of 174, so it will not be considered # to the left of CO. vic = City.objects.get(point__left=co_border) self.assertEqual('Victoria', vic.name) cities = ['Pueblo', 'Victoria'] qs = City.objects.filter(point__left=ks_border) self.assertEqual(2, len(qs)) for c in qs: self.assertIn(c.name, cities) @skipUnlessGISLookup("strictly_above", "strictly_below") def test_strictly_above_below_lookups(self): dallas = City.objects.get(name='Dallas') self.assertQuerysetEqual( City.objects.filter(point__strictly_above=dallas.point).order_by('name'), ['Chicago', 'Lawrence', 'Oklahoma City', 'Pueblo', 'Victoria'], lambda b: b.name ) self.assertQuerysetEqual( City.objects.filter(point__strictly_below=dallas.point).order_by('name'), ['Houston', 'Wellington'], lambda b: b.name ) def test_equals_lookups(self): "Testing the 'same_as' and 'equals' lookup types." pnt = fromstr('POINT (-95.363151 29.763374)', srid=4326) c1 = City.objects.get(point=pnt) c2 = City.objects.get(point__same_as=pnt) c3 = City.objects.get(point__equals=pnt) for c in [c1, c2, c3]: self.assertEqual('Houston', c.name) @skipUnlessDBFeature("supports_null_geometries") def test_null_geometries(self): "Testing NULL geometry support, and the `isnull` lookup type." # Creating a state with a NULL boundary. State.objects.create(name='Puerto Rico') # Querying for both NULL and Non-NULL values. nullqs = State.objects.filter(poly__isnull=True) validqs = State.objects.filter(poly__isnull=False) # Puerto Rico should be NULL (it's a commonwealth unincorporated territory) self.assertEqual(1, len(nullqs)) self.assertEqual('Puerto Rico', nullqs[0].name) # GeometryField=None is an alias for __isnull=True. self.assertCountEqual(State.objects.filter(poly=None), nullqs) self.assertCountEqual(State.objects.exclude(poly=None), validqs) # The valid states should be Colorado & Kansas self.assertEqual(2, len(validqs)) state_names = [s.name for s in validqs] self.assertIn('Colorado', state_names) self.assertIn('Kansas', state_names) # Saving another commonwealth w/a NULL geometry. nmi = State.objects.create(name='Northern Mariana Islands', poly=None) self.assertIsNone(nmi.poly) # Assigning a geometry and saving -- then UPDATE back to NULL. nmi.poly = 'POLYGON((0 0,1 0,1 1,1 0,0 0))' nmi.save() State.objects.filter(name='Northern Mariana Islands').update(poly=None) self.assertIsNone(State.objects.get(name='Northern Mariana Islands').poly) @skipUnlessDBFeature('supports_null_geometries', 'supports_crosses_lookup', 'supports_relate_lookup') def test_null_geometries_excluded_in_lookups(self): """NULL features are excluded in spatial lookup functions.""" null = State.objects.create(name='NULL', poly=None) queries = [ ('equals', Point(1, 1)), ('disjoint', Point(1, 1)), ('touches', Point(1, 1)), ('crosses', LineString((0, 0), (1, 1), (5, 5))), ('within', Point(1, 1)), ('overlaps', LineString((0, 0), (1, 1), (5, 5))), ('contains', LineString((0, 0), (1, 1), (5, 5))), ('intersects', LineString((0, 0), (1, 1), (5, 5))), ('relate', (Point(1, 1), 'T*T***FF*')), ('same_as', Point(1, 1)), ('exact', Point(1, 1)), ('coveredby', Point(1, 1)), ('covers', Point(1, 1)), ] for lookup, geom in queries: with self.subTest(lookup=lookup): self.assertNotIn(null, State.objects.filter(**{'poly__%s' % lookup: geom})) def test_wkt_string_in_lookup(self): # Valid WKT strings don't emit error logs. with self.assertRaisesMessage(AssertionError, 'no logs'): with self.assertLogs('django.contrib.gis', 'ERROR'): State.objects.filter(poly__intersects='LINESTRING(0 0, 1 1, 5 5)') @skipUnlessDBFeature("supports_relate_lookup") def test_relate_lookup(self): "Testing the 'relate' lookup type." # To make things more interesting, we will have our Texas reference point in # different SRIDs. pnt1 = fromstr('POINT (649287.0363174 4177429.4494686)', srid=2847) pnt2 = fromstr('POINT(-98.4919715741052 29.4333344025053)', srid=4326) # Not passing in a geometry as first param raises a TypeError when # initializing the QuerySet. with self.assertRaises(ValueError): Country.objects.filter(mpoly__relate=(23, 'foo')) # Making sure the right exception is raised for the given # bad arguments. for bad_args, e in [((pnt1, 0), ValueError), ((pnt2, 'T*T***FF*', 0), ValueError)]: qs = Country.objects.filter(mpoly__relate=bad_args) with self.assertRaises(e): qs.count() # Relate works differently for the different backends. if postgis or spatialite or mariadb: contains_mask = 'T*T***FF*' within_mask = 'T*F**F***' intersects_mask = 'T********' elif oracle: contains_mask = 'contains' within_mask = 'inside' # TODO: This is not quite the same as the PostGIS mask above intersects_mask = 'overlapbdyintersect' # Testing contains relation mask. if connection.features.supports_transform: self.assertEqual( Country.objects.get(mpoly__relate=(pnt1, contains_mask)).name, 'Texas', ) self.assertEqual('Texas', Country.objects.get(mpoly__relate=(pnt2, contains_mask)).name) # Testing within relation mask. ks = State.objects.get(name='Kansas') self.assertEqual('Lawrence', City.objects.get(point__relate=(ks.poly, within_mask)).name) # Testing intersection relation mask. if not oracle: if connection.features.supports_transform: self.assertEqual( Country.objects.get(mpoly__relate=(pnt1, intersects_mask)).name, 'Texas', ) self.assertEqual('Texas', Country.objects.get(mpoly__relate=(pnt2, intersects_mask)).name) self.assertEqual('Lawrence', City.objects.get(point__relate=(ks.poly, intersects_mask)).name) # With a complex geometry expression mask = 'anyinteract' if oracle else within_mask self.assertFalse(City.objects.exclude(point__relate=(functions.Union('point', 'point'), mask))) def test_gis_lookups_with_complex_expressions(self): multiple_arg_lookups = {'dwithin', 'relate'} # These lookups are tested elsewhere. lookups = connection.ops.gis_operators.keys() - multiple_arg_lookups self.assertTrue(lookups, 'No lookups found') for lookup in lookups: with self.subTest(lookup): City.objects.filter(**{'point__' + lookup: functions.Union('point', 'point')}).exists() def test_subquery_annotation(self): multifields = MultiFields.objects.create( city=City.objects.create(point=Point(1, 1)), point=Point(2, 2), poly=Polygon.from_bbox((0, 0, 2, 2)), ) qs = MultiFields.objects.annotate( city_point=Subquery(City.objects.filter( id=OuterRef('city'), ).values('point')), ).filter( city_point__within=F('poly'), ) self.assertEqual(qs.get(), multifields) class GeoQuerySetTest(TestCase): # TODO: GeoQuerySet is removed, organize these test better. fixtures = ['initial'] @skipUnlessDBFeature("supports_extent_aggr") def test_extent(self): """ Testing the `Extent` aggregate. """ # Reference query: # `SELECT ST_extent(point) FROM geoapp_city WHERE (name='Houston' or name='Dallas');` # => BOX(-96.8016128540039 29.7633724212646,-95.3631439208984 32.7820587158203) expected = (-96.8016128540039, 29.7633724212646, -95.3631439208984, 32.782058715820) qs = City.objects.filter(name__in=('Houston', 'Dallas')) extent = qs.aggregate(Extent('point'))['point__extent'] for val, exp in zip(extent, expected): self.assertAlmostEqual(exp, val, 4) self.assertIsNone(City.objects.filter(name=('Smalltown')).aggregate(Extent('point'))['point__extent']) @skipUnlessDBFeature("supports_extent_aggr") def test_extent_with_limit(self): """ Testing if extent supports limit. """ extent1 = City.objects.all().aggregate(Extent('point'))['point__extent'] extent2 = City.objects.all()[:3].aggregate(Extent('point'))['point__extent'] self.assertNotEqual(extent1, extent2) def test_make_line(self): """ Testing the `MakeLine` aggregate. """ if not connection.features.supports_make_line_aggr: with self.assertRaises(NotSupportedError): City.objects.all().aggregate(MakeLine('point')) return # MakeLine on an inappropriate field returns simply None self.assertIsNone(State.objects.aggregate(MakeLine('poly'))['poly__makeline']) # Reference query: # SELECT AsText(ST_MakeLine(geoapp_city.point)) FROM geoapp_city; ref_line = GEOSGeometry( 'LINESTRING(-95.363151 29.763374,-96.801611 32.782057,' '-97.521157 34.464642,174.783117 -41.315268,-104.609252 38.255001,' '-95.23506 38.971823,-87.650175 41.850385,-123.305196 48.462611)', srid=4326 ) # We check for equality with a tolerance of 10e-5 which is a lower bound # of the precisions of ref_line coordinates line = City.objects.aggregate(MakeLine('point'))['point__makeline'] self.assertTrue( ref_line.equals_exact(line, tolerance=10e-5), "%s != %s" % (ref_line, line) ) @skipUnlessDBFeature('supports_union_aggr') def test_unionagg(self): """ Testing the `Union` aggregate. """ tx = Country.objects.get(name='Texas').mpoly # Houston, Dallas -- Ordering may differ depending on backend or GEOS version. union = GEOSGeometry('MULTIPOINT(-96.801611 32.782057,-95.363151 29.763374)') qs = City.objects.filter(point__within=tx) with self.assertRaises(ValueError): qs.aggregate(Union('name')) # Using `field_name` keyword argument in one query and specifying an # order in the other (which should not be used because this is # an aggregate method on a spatial column) u1 = qs.aggregate(Union('point'))['point__union'] u2 = qs.order_by('name').aggregate(Union('point'))['point__union'] self.assertTrue(union.equals(u1)) self.assertTrue(union.equals(u2)) qs = City.objects.filter(name='NotACity') self.assertIsNone(qs.aggregate(Union('point'))['point__union']) @unittest.skipUnless( connection.vendor == 'oracle', 'Oracle supports tolerance paremeter.', ) def test_unionagg_tolerance(self): City.objects.create( point=fromstr('POINT(-96.467222 32.751389)', srid=4326), name='Forney', ) tx = Country.objects.get(name='Texas').mpoly # Tolerance is greater than distance between Forney and Dallas, that's # why Dallas is ignored. forney_houston = GEOSGeometry( 'MULTIPOINT(-95.363151 29.763374, -96.467222 32.751389)', srid=4326, ) self.assertIs( forney_houston.equals_exact( City.objects.filter(point__within=tx).aggregate( Union('point', tolerance=32000), )['point__union'], tolerance=10e-6, ), True, ) @unittest.skipUnless( connection.vendor == 'oracle', 'Oracle supports tolerance paremeter.', ) def test_unionagg_tolerance_escaping(self): tx = Country.objects.get(name='Texas').mpoly with self.assertRaises(DatabaseError): City.objects.filter(point__within=tx).aggregate( Union('point', tolerance='0.05))), (((1'), ) def test_within_subquery(self): """ Using a queryset inside a geo lookup is working (using a subquery) (#14483). """ tex_cities = City.objects.filter( point__within=Country.objects.filter(name='Texas').values('mpoly')).order_by('name') self.assertEqual(list(tex_cities.values_list('name', flat=True)), ['Dallas', 'Houston']) def test_non_concrete_field(self): NonConcreteModel.objects.create(point=Point(0, 0), name='name') list(NonConcreteModel.objects.all()) def test_values_srid(self): for c, v in zip(City.objects.all(), City.objects.values()): self.assertEqual(c.point.srid, v['point'].srid)