""" PostgreSQL database backend for Django. Requires psycopg 1: http://initd.org/projects/psycopg1 """ import sys from django.db import utils from django.db.backends import * from django.db.backends.signals import connection_created from django.db.backends.postgresql.client import DatabaseClient from django.db.backends.postgresql.creation import DatabaseCreation from django.db.backends.postgresql.introspection import DatabaseIntrospection from django.db.backends.postgresql.operations import DatabaseOperations from django.db.backends.postgresql.version import get_version from django.utils.encoding import smart_str, smart_unicode try: import psycopg as Database except ImportError, e: from django.core.exceptions import ImproperlyConfigured raise ImproperlyConfigured("Error loading psycopg module: %s" % e) DatabaseError = Database.DatabaseError IntegrityError = Database.IntegrityError class UnicodeCursorWrapper(object): """ A thin wrapper around psycopg cursors that allows them to accept Unicode strings as params. This is necessary because psycopg doesn't apply any DB quoting to parameters that are Unicode strings. If a param is Unicode, this will convert it to a bytestring using database client's encoding before passing it to psycopg. All results retrieved from the database are converted into Unicode strings before being returned to the caller. """ def __init__(self, cursor, charset): self.cursor = cursor self.charset = charset def format_params(self, params): if isinstance(params, dict): result = {} charset = self.charset for key, value in params.items(): result[smart_str(key, charset)] = smart_str(value, charset) return result else: return tuple([smart_str(p, self.charset, True) for p in params]) def execute(self, sql, params=()): try: return self.cursor.execute(smart_str(sql, self.charset), self.format_params(params)) except Database.IntegrityError, e: raise utils.IntegrityError, utils.IntegrityError(*tuple(e)), sys.exc_info()[2] except Database.DatabaseError, e: raise utils.DatabaseError, utils.DatabaseError(*tuple(e)), sys.exc_info()[2] def executemany(self, sql, param_list): try: new_param_list = [self.format_params(params) for params in param_list] return self.cursor.executemany(sql, new_param_list) except Database.IntegrityError, e: raise utils.IntegrityError, utils.IntegrityError(*tuple(e)), sys.exc_info()[2] except Database.DatabaseError, e: raise utils.DatabaseError, utils.DatabaseError(*tuple(e)), sys.exc_info()[2] def __getattr__(self, attr): if attr in self.__dict__: return self.__dict__[attr] else: return getattr(self.cursor, attr) def __iter__(self): return iter(self.cursor) class DatabaseFeatures(BaseDatabaseFeatures): uses_savepoints = True class DatabaseWrapper(BaseDatabaseWrapper): operators = { 'exact': '= %s', 'iexact': '= UPPER(%s)', 'contains': 'LIKE %s', 'icontains': 'LIKE UPPER(%s)', 'regex': '~ %s', 'iregex': '~* %s', 'gt': '> %s', 'gte': '>= %s', 'lt': '< %s', 'lte': '<= %s', 'startswith': 'LIKE %s', 'endswith': 'LIKE %s', 'istartswith': 'LIKE UPPER(%s)', 'iendswith': 'LIKE UPPER(%s)', } def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): super(DatabaseWrapper, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs) import warnings warnings.warn( 'The "postgresql" backend has been deprecated. Use "postgresql_psycopg2" instead.', PendingDeprecationWarning ) self.features = DatabaseFeatures() self.ops = DatabaseOperations(self) self.client = DatabaseClient(self) self.creation = DatabaseCreation(self) self.introspection = DatabaseIntrospection(self) self.validation = BaseDatabaseValidation(self) def _cursor(self): new_connection = False set_tz = False settings_dict = self.settings_dict if self.connection is None: new_connection = True set_tz = settings_dict.get('TIME_ZONE') if settings_dict['NAME'] == '': from django.core.exceptions import ImproperlyConfigured raise ImproperlyConfigured("You need to specify NAME in your Django settings file.") conn_string = "dbname=%s" % settings_dict['NAME'] if settings_dict['USER']: conn_string = "user=%s %s" % (settings_dict['USER'], conn_string) if settings_dict['PASSWORD']: conn_string += " password='%s'" % settings_dict['PASSWORD'] if settings_dict['HOST']: conn_string += " host=%s" % settings_dict['HOST'] if settings_dict['PORT']: conn_string += " port=%s" % settings_dict['PORT'] self.connection = Database.connect(conn_string, **settings_dict['OPTIONS']) self.connection.set_isolation_level(1) # make transactions transparent to all cursors connection_created.send(sender=self.__class__) cursor = self.connection.cursor() if new_connection: if set_tz: cursor.execute("SET TIME ZONE %s", [settings_dict['TIME_ZONE']]) if not hasattr(self, '_version'): self.__class__._version = get_version(cursor) if self._version[0:2] < (8, 0): # No savepoint support for earlier version of PostgreSQL. self.features.uses_savepoints = False cursor.execute("SET client_encoding to 'UNICODE'") cursor = UnicodeCursorWrapper(cursor, 'utf-8') return cursor def typecast_string(s): """ Cast all returned strings to unicode strings. """ if not s and not isinstance(s, str): return s return smart_unicode(s) # Register these custom typecasts, because Django expects dates/times to be # in Python's native (standard-library) datetime/time format, whereas psycopg # use mx.DateTime by default. try: Database.register_type(Database.new_type((1082,), "DATE", util.typecast_date)) except AttributeError: raise Exception("You appear to be using psycopg version 2. Set your DATABASES.ENGINE to 'postgresql_psycopg2' instead of 'postgresql'.") Database.register_type(Database.new_type((1083,1266), "TIME", util.typecast_time)) Database.register_type(Database.new_type((1114,1184), "TIMESTAMP", util.typecast_timestamp)) Database.register_type(Database.new_type((16,), "BOOLEAN", util.typecast_boolean)) Database.register_type(Database.new_type((1700,), "NUMERIC", util.typecast_decimal)) Database.register_type(Database.new_type(Database.types[1043].values, 'STRING', typecast_string))