django1/django/http/__init__.py

748 lines
27 KiB
Python

import datetime
import os
import re
import time
from pprint import pformat
from urllib import urlencode, quote
from urlparse import urljoin
try:
from cStringIO import StringIO
except ImportError:
from StringIO import StringIO
try:
# The mod_python version is more efficient, so try importing it first.
from mod_python.util import parse_qsl
except ImportError:
try:
# Python 2.6 and greater
from urlparse import parse_qsl
except ImportError:
# Python 2.5. Works on Python 2.6 but raises PendingDeprecationWarning
from cgi import parse_qsl
import Cookie
# httponly support exists in Python 2.6's Cookie library,
# but not in Python 2.5.
_morsel_supports_httponly = 'httponly' in Cookie.Morsel._reserved
# Some versions of Python 2.7 and later won't need this encoding bug fix:
_cookie_encodes_correctly = Cookie.SimpleCookie().value_encode(';') == (';', '"\\073"')
# See ticket #13007, http://bugs.python.org/issue2193 and http://trac.edgewall.org/ticket/2256
_tc = Cookie.SimpleCookie()
try:
_tc.load('foo:bar=1')
_cookie_allows_colon_in_names = True
except Cookie.CookieError:
_cookie_allows_colon_in_names = False
if _morsel_supports_httponly and _cookie_encodes_correctly and _cookie_allows_colon_in_names:
SimpleCookie = Cookie.SimpleCookie
else:
if not _morsel_supports_httponly:
class Morsel(Cookie.Morsel):
def __setitem__(self, K, V):
K = K.lower()
if K == "httponly":
if V:
# The superclass rejects httponly as a key,
# so we jump to the grandparent.
super(Cookie.Morsel, self).__setitem__(K, V)
else:
super(Morsel, self).__setitem__(K, V)
def OutputString(self, attrs=None):
output = super(Morsel, self).OutputString(attrs)
if "httponly" in self:
output += "; httponly"
return output
else:
Morsel = Cookie.Morsel
class SimpleCookie(Cookie.SimpleCookie):
if not _cookie_encodes_correctly:
def value_encode(self, val):
# Some browsers do not support quoted-string from RFC 2109,
# including some versions of Safari and Internet Explorer.
# These browsers split on ';', and some versions of Safari
# are known to split on ', '. Therefore, we encode ';' and ','
# SimpleCookie already does the hard work of encoding and decoding.
# It uses octal sequences like '\\012' for newline etc.
# and non-ASCII chars. We just make use of this mechanism, to
# avoid introducing two encoding schemes which would be confusing
# and especially awkward for javascript.
# NB, contrary to Python docs, value_encode returns a tuple containing
# (real val, encoded_val)
val, encoded = super(SimpleCookie, self).value_encode(val)
encoded = encoded.replace(";", "\\073").replace(",","\\054")
# If encoded now contains any quoted chars, we need double quotes
# around the whole string.
if "\\" in encoded and not encoded.startswith('"'):
encoded = '"' + encoded + '"'
return val, encoded
if not _cookie_allows_colon_in_names or not _morsel_supports_httponly:
def load(self, rawdata):
self.bad_cookies = set()
super(SimpleCookie, self).load(rawdata)
for key in self.bad_cookies:
del self[key]
# override private __set() method:
# (needed for using our Morsel, and for laxness with CookieError
def _BaseCookie__set(self, key, real_value, coded_value):
try:
M = self.get(key, Morsel())
M.set(key, real_value, coded_value)
dict.__setitem__(self, key, M)
except Cookie.CookieError:
self.bad_cookies.add(key)
dict.__setitem__(self, key, Cookie.Morsel())
class CompatCookie(SimpleCookie):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
super(CompatCookie, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
import warnings
warnings.warn("CompatCookie is deprecated, use django.http.SimpleCookie instead.",
DeprecationWarning)
from django.utils.datastructures import MultiValueDict, ImmutableList
from django.utils.encoding import smart_str, iri_to_uri, force_unicode
from django.utils.http import cookie_date
from django.http.multipartparser import MultiPartParser
from django.conf import settings
from django.core import signing
from django.core.files import uploadhandler
from utils import *
RESERVED_CHARS="!*'();:@&=+$,/?%#[]"
absolute_http_url_re = re.compile(r"^https?://", re.I)
class Http404(Exception):
pass
RAISE_ERROR = object()
def build_request_repr(request, path_override=None, GET_override=None,
POST_override=None, COOKIES_override=None,
META_override=None):
"""
Builds and returns the request's representation string. The request's
attributes may be overridden by pre-processed values.
"""
# Since this is called as part of error handling, we need to be very
# robust against potentially malformed input.
try:
get = (pformat(GET_override)
if GET_override is not None
else pformat(request.GET))
except:
get = '<could not parse>'
if request._post_parse_error:
post = '<could not parse>'
else:
try:
post = (pformat(POST_override)
if POST_override is not None
else pformat(request.POST))
except:
post = '<could not parse>'
try:
cookies = (pformat(COOKIES_override)
if COOKIES_override is not None
else pformat(request.COOKIES))
except:
cookies = '<could not parse>'
try:
meta = (pformat(META_override)
if META_override is not None
else pformat(request.META))
except:
meta = '<could not parse>'
path = path_override if path_override is not None else request.path
return smart_str(u'<%s\npath:%s,\nGET:%s,\nPOST:%s,\nCOOKIES:%s,\nMETA:%s>' %
(request.__class__.__name__,
path,
unicode(get),
unicode(post),
unicode(cookies),
unicode(meta)))
class HttpRequest(object):
"""A basic HTTP request."""
# The encoding used in GET/POST dicts. None means use default setting.
_encoding = None
_upload_handlers = []
def __init__(self):
self.GET, self.POST, self.COOKIES, self.META, self.FILES = {}, {}, {}, {}, {}
self.path = ''
self.path_info = ''
self.method = None
self._post_parse_error = False
def __repr__(self):
return build_request_repr(self)
def get_host(self):
"""Returns the HTTP host using the environment or request headers."""
# We try three options, in order of decreasing preference.
if settings.USE_X_FORWARDED_HOST and (
'HTTP_X_FORWARDED_HOST' in self.META):
host = self.META['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_HOST']
elif 'HTTP_HOST' in self.META:
host = self.META['HTTP_HOST']
else:
# Reconstruct the host using the algorithm from PEP 333.
host = self.META['SERVER_NAME']
server_port = str(self.META['SERVER_PORT'])
if server_port != (self.is_secure() and '443' or '80'):
host = '%s:%s' % (host, server_port)
return host
def get_full_path(self):
# RFC 3986 requires query string arguments to be in the ASCII range.
# Rather than crash if this doesn't happen, we encode defensively.
return '%s%s' % (self.path, self.META.get('QUERY_STRING', '') and ('?' + iri_to_uri(self.META.get('QUERY_STRING', ''))) or '')
def get_signed_cookie(self, key, default=RAISE_ERROR, salt='', max_age=None):
"""
Attempts to return a signed cookie. If the signature fails or the
cookie has expired, raises an exception... unless you provide the
default argument in which case that value will be returned instead.
"""
try:
cookie_value = self.COOKIES[key].encode('utf-8')
except KeyError:
if default is not RAISE_ERROR:
return default
else:
raise
try:
value = signing.get_cookie_signer(salt=key + salt).unsign(
cookie_value, max_age=max_age)
except signing.BadSignature:
if default is not RAISE_ERROR:
return default
else:
raise
return value
def build_absolute_uri(self, location=None):
"""
Builds an absolute URI from the location and the variables available in
this request. If no location is specified, the absolute URI is built on
``request.get_full_path()``.
"""
if not location:
location = self.get_full_path()
if not absolute_http_url_re.match(location):
current_uri = '%s://%s%s' % (self.is_secure() and 'https' or 'http',
self.get_host(), self.path)
location = urljoin(current_uri, location)
return iri_to_uri(location)
def is_secure(self):
return os.environ.get("HTTPS") == "on"
def is_ajax(self):
return self.META.get('HTTP_X_REQUESTED_WITH') == 'XMLHttpRequest'
def _set_encoding(self, val):
"""
Sets the encoding used for GET/POST accesses. If the GET or POST
dictionary has already been created, it is removed and recreated on the
next access (so that it is decoded correctly).
"""
self._encoding = val
if hasattr(self, '_get'):
del self._get
if hasattr(self, '_post'):
del self._post
def _get_encoding(self):
return self._encoding
encoding = property(_get_encoding, _set_encoding)
def _initialize_handlers(self):
self._upload_handlers = [uploadhandler.load_handler(handler, self)
for handler in settings.FILE_UPLOAD_HANDLERS]
def _set_upload_handlers(self, upload_handlers):
if hasattr(self, '_files'):
raise AttributeError("You cannot set the upload handlers after the upload has been processed.")
self._upload_handlers = upload_handlers
def _get_upload_handlers(self):
if not self._upload_handlers:
# If there are no upload handlers defined, initialize them from settings.
self._initialize_handlers()
return self._upload_handlers
upload_handlers = property(_get_upload_handlers, _set_upload_handlers)
def parse_file_upload(self, META, post_data):
"""Returns a tuple of (POST QueryDict, FILES MultiValueDict)."""
self.upload_handlers = ImmutableList(
self.upload_handlers,
warning = "You cannot alter upload handlers after the upload has been processed."
)
parser = MultiPartParser(META, post_data, self.upload_handlers, self.encoding)
return parser.parse()
def _get_raw_post_data(self):
if not hasattr(self, '_raw_post_data'):
if self._read_started:
raise Exception("You cannot access raw_post_data after reading from request's data stream")
self._raw_post_data = self.read()
self._stream = StringIO(self._raw_post_data)
return self._raw_post_data
raw_post_data = property(_get_raw_post_data)
def _mark_post_parse_error(self):
self._post = QueryDict('')
self._files = MultiValueDict()
self._post_parse_error = True
def _load_post_and_files(self):
# Populates self._post and self._files
if self.method != 'POST':
self._post, self._files = QueryDict('', encoding=self._encoding), MultiValueDict()
return
if self._read_started and not hasattr(self, '_raw_post_data'):
self._mark_post_parse_error()
return
if self.META.get('CONTENT_TYPE', '').startswith('multipart'):
if hasattr(self, '_raw_post_data'):
# Use already read data
data = StringIO(self._raw_post_data)
else:
data = self
try:
self._post, self._files = self.parse_file_upload(self.META, data)
except:
# An error occured while parsing POST data. Since when
# formatting the error the request handler might access
# self.POST, set self._post and self._file to prevent
# attempts to parse POST data again.
# Mark that an error occured. This allows self.__repr__ to
# be explicit about it instead of simply representing an
# empty POST
self._mark_post_parse_error()
raise
else:
self._post, self._files = QueryDict(self.raw_post_data, encoding=self._encoding), MultiValueDict()
## File-like and iterator interface.
##
## Expects self._stream to be set to an appropriate source of bytes by
## a corresponding request subclass (WSGIRequest or ModPythonRequest).
## Also when request data has already been read by request.POST or
## request.raw_post_data, self._stream points to a StringIO instance
## containing that data.
def read(self, *args, **kwargs):
self._read_started = True
return self._stream.read(*args, **kwargs)
def readline(self, *args, **kwargs):
self._read_started = True
return self._stream.readline(*args, **kwargs)
def xreadlines(self):
while True:
buf = self.readline()
if not buf:
break
yield buf
__iter__ = xreadlines
def readlines(self):
return list(iter(self))
class QueryDict(MultiValueDict):
"""
A specialized MultiValueDict that takes a query string when initialized.
This is immutable unless you create a copy of it.
Values retrieved from this class are converted from the given encoding
(DEFAULT_CHARSET by default) to unicode.
"""
# These are both reset in __init__, but is specified here at the class
# level so that unpickling will have valid values
_mutable = True
_encoding = None
def __init__(self, query_string, mutable=False, encoding=None):
MultiValueDict.__init__(self)
if not encoding:
encoding = settings.DEFAULT_CHARSET
self.encoding = encoding
for key, value in parse_qsl((query_string or ''), True): # keep_blank_values=True
self.appendlist(force_unicode(key, encoding, errors='replace'),
force_unicode(value, encoding, errors='replace'))
self._mutable = mutable
def _get_encoding(self):
if self._encoding is None:
self._encoding = settings.DEFAULT_CHARSET
return self._encoding
def _set_encoding(self, value):
self._encoding = value
encoding = property(_get_encoding, _set_encoding)
def _assert_mutable(self):
if not self._mutable:
raise AttributeError("This QueryDict instance is immutable")
def __setitem__(self, key, value):
self._assert_mutable()
key = str_to_unicode(key, self.encoding)
value = str_to_unicode(value, self.encoding)
MultiValueDict.__setitem__(self, key, value)
def __delitem__(self, key):
self._assert_mutable()
super(QueryDict, self).__delitem__(key)
def __copy__(self):
result = self.__class__('', mutable=True, encoding=self.encoding)
for key, value in dict.items(self):
dict.__setitem__(result, key, value)
return result
def __deepcopy__(self, memo):
import copy
result = self.__class__('', mutable=True, encoding=self.encoding)
memo[id(self)] = result
for key, value in dict.items(self):
dict.__setitem__(result, copy.deepcopy(key, memo), copy.deepcopy(value, memo))
return result
def setlist(self, key, list_):
self._assert_mutable()
key = str_to_unicode(key, self.encoding)
list_ = [str_to_unicode(elt, self.encoding) for elt in list_]
MultiValueDict.setlist(self, key, list_)
def setlistdefault(self, key, default_list=()):
self._assert_mutable()
if key not in self:
self.setlist(key, default_list)
return MultiValueDict.getlist(self, key)
def appendlist(self, key, value):
self._assert_mutable()
key = str_to_unicode(key, self.encoding)
value = str_to_unicode(value, self.encoding)
MultiValueDict.appendlist(self, key, value)
def update(self, other_dict):
self._assert_mutable()
f = lambda s: str_to_unicode(s, self.encoding)
if hasattr(other_dict, 'lists'):
for key, valuelist in other_dict.lists():
for value in valuelist:
MultiValueDict.update(self, {f(key): f(value)})
else:
d = dict([(f(k), f(v)) for k, v in other_dict.items()])
MultiValueDict.update(self, d)
def pop(self, key, *args):
self._assert_mutable()
return MultiValueDict.pop(self, key, *args)
def popitem(self):
self._assert_mutable()
return MultiValueDict.popitem(self)
def clear(self):
self._assert_mutable()
MultiValueDict.clear(self)
def setdefault(self, key, default=None):
self._assert_mutable()
key = str_to_unicode(key, self.encoding)
default = str_to_unicode(default, self.encoding)
return MultiValueDict.setdefault(self, key, default)
def copy(self):
"""Returns a mutable copy of this object."""
return self.__deepcopy__({})
def urlencode(self, safe=None):
"""
Returns an encoded string of all query string arguments.
:arg safe: Used to specify characters which do not require quoting, for
example::
>>> q = QueryDict('', mutable=True)
>>> q['next'] = '/a&b/'
>>> q.urlencode()
'next=%2Fa%26b%2F'
>>> q.urlencode(safe='/')
'next=/a%26b/'
"""
output = []
if safe:
encode = lambda k, v: '%s=%s' % ((quote(k, safe), quote(v, safe)))
else:
encode = lambda k, v: urlencode({k: v})
for k, list_ in self.lists():
k = smart_str(k, self.encoding)
output.extend([encode(k, smart_str(v, self.encoding))
for v in list_])
return '&'.join(output)
def parse_cookie(cookie):
if cookie == '':
return {}
if not isinstance(cookie, Cookie.BaseCookie):
try:
c = SimpleCookie()
c.load(cookie)
except Cookie.CookieError:
# Invalid cookie
return {}
else:
c = cookie
cookiedict = {}
for key in c.keys():
cookiedict[key] = c.get(key).value
return cookiedict
class BadHeaderError(ValueError):
pass
class HttpResponse(object):
"""A basic HTTP response, with content and dictionary-accessed headers."""
status_code = 200
def __init__(self, content='', mimetype=None, status=None,
content_type=None):
# _headers is a mapping of the lower-case name to the original case of
# the header (required for working with legacy systems) and the header
# value. Both the name of the header and its value are ASCII strings.
self._headers = {}
self._charset = settings.DEFAULT_CHARSET
if mimetype:
content_type = mimetype # For backwards compatibility
if not content_type:
content_type = "%s; charset=%s" % (settings.DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPE,
self._charset)
self.content = content
self.cookies = SimpleCookie()
if status:
self.status_code = status
self['Content-Type'] = content_type
def __str__(self):
"""Full HTTP message, including headers."""
return '\n'.join(['%s: %s' % (key, value)
for key, value in self._headers.values()]) \
+ '\n\n' + self.content
def _convert_to_ascii(self, *values):
"""Converts all values to ascii strings."""
for value in values:
if isinstance(value, unicode):
try:
value = value.encode('us-ascii')
except UnicodeError, e:
e.reason += ', HTTP response headers must be in US-ASCII format'
raise
else:
value = str(value)
if '\n' in value or '\r' in value:
raise BadHeaderError("Header values can't contain newlines (got %r)" % (value))
yield value
def __setitem__(self, header, value):
header, value = self._convert_to_ascii(header, value)
self._headers[header.lower()] = (header, value)
def __delitem__(self, header):
try:
del self._headers[header.lower()]
except KeyError:
pass
def __getitem__(self, header):
return self._headers[header.lower()][1]
def has_header(self, header):
"""Case-insensitive check for a header."""
return header.lower() in self._headers
__contains__ = has_header
def items(self):
return self._headers.values()
def get(self, header, alternate=None):
return self._headers.get(header.lower(), (None, alternate))[1]
def set_cookie(self, key, value='', max_age=None, expires=None, path='/',
domain=None, secure=False, httponly=False):
"""
Sets a cookie.
``expires`` can be a string in the correct format or a
``datetime.datetime`` object in UTC. If ``expires`` is a datetime
object then ``max_age`` will be calculated.
"""
self.cookies[key] = value
if expires is not None:
if isinstance(expires, datetime.datetime):
delta = expires - expires.utcnow()
# Add one second so the date matches exactly (a fraction of
# time gets lost between converting to a timedelta and
# then the date string).
delta = delta + datetime.timedelta(seconds=1)
# Just set max_age - the max_age logic will set expires.
expires = None
max_age = max(0, delta.days * 86400 + delta.seconds)
else:
self.cookies[key]['expires'] = expires
if max_age is not None:
self.cookies[key]['max-age'] = max_age
# IE requires expires, so set it if hasn't been already.
if not expires:
self.cookies[key]['expires'] = cookie_date(time.time() +
max_age)
if path is not None:
self.cookies[key]['path'] = path
if domain is not None:
self.cookies[key]['domain'] = domain
if secure:
self.cookies[key]['secure'] = True
if httponly:
self.cookies[key]['httponly'] = True
def set_signed_cookie(self, key, value, salt='', **kwargs):
value = signing.get_cookie_signer(salt=key + salt).sign(value)
return self.set_cookie(key, value, **kwargs)
def delete_cookie(self, key, path='/', domain=None):
self.set_cookie(key, max_age=0, path=path, domain=domain,
expires='Thu, 01-Jan-1970 00:00:00 GMT')
def _get_content(self):
if self.has_header('Content-Encoding'):
return ''.join([str(e) for e in self._container])
return ''.join([smart_str(e, self._charset) for e in self._container])
def _set_content(self, value):
if hasattr(value, '__iter__'):
self._container = value
self._base_content_is_iter = True
else:
self._container = [value]
self._base_content_is_iter = False
content = property(_get_content, _set_content)
def __iter__(self):
self._iterator = iter(self._container)
return self
def next(self):
chunk = self._iterator.next()
if isinstance(chunk, unicode):
chunk = chunk.encode(self._charset)
return str(chunk)
def close(self):
if hasattr(self._container, 'close'):
self._container.close()
# The remaining methods partially implement the file-like object interface.
# See http://docs.python.org/lib/bltin-file-objects.html
def write(self, content):
if self._base_content_is_iter:
raise Exception("This %s instance is not writable" % self.__class__)
self._container.append(content)
def flush(self):
pass
def tell(self):
if self._base_content_is_iter:
raise Exception("This %s instance cannot tell its position" % self.__class__)
return sum([len(str(chunk)) for chunk in self._container])
class HttpResponseRedirect(HttpResponse):
status_code = 302
def __init__(self, redirect_to):
super(HttpResponseRedirect, self).__init__()
self['Location'] = iri_to_uri(redirect_to)
class HttpResponsePermanentRedirect(HttpResponse):
status_code = 301
def __init__(self, redirect_to):
super(HttpResponsePermanentRedirect, self).__init__()
self['Location'] = iri_to_uri(redirect_to)
class HttpResponseNotModified(HttpResponse):
status_code = 304
class HttpResponseBadRequest(HttpResponse):
status_code = 400
class HttpResponseNotFound(HttpResponse):
status_code = 404
class HttpResponseForbidden(HttpResponse):
status_code = 403
class HttpResponseNotAllowed(HttpResponse):
status_code = 405
def __init__(self, permitted_methods):
super(HttpResponseNotAllowed, self).__init__()
self['Allow'] = ', '.join(permitted_methods)
class HttpResponseGone(HttpResponse):
status_code = 410
class HttpResponseServerError(HttpResponse):
status_code = 500
# A backwards compatible alias for HttpRequest.get_host.
def get_host(request):
return request.get_host()
# It's neither necessary nor appropriate to use
# django.utils.encoding.smart_unicode for parsing URLs and form inputs. Thus,
# this slightly more restricted function.
def str_to_unicode(s, encoding):
"""
Converts basestring objects to unicode, using the given encoding. Illegally
encoded input characters are replaced with Unicode "unknown" codepoint
(\ufffd).
Returns any non-basestring objects without change.
"""
if isinstance(s, str):
return unicode(s, encoding, 'replace')
else:
return s