856 lines
31 KiB
Plaintext
856 lines
31 KiB
Plaintext
==================================================
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The Django template language: For template authors
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==================================================
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Django's template language is designed to strike a balance between power and
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ease. It's designed to feel comfortable to those used to working with HTML. If
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you have any exposure to other text-based template languages, such as Smarty_
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or CheetahTemplate_, you should feel right at home with Django's templates.
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.. _Smarty: http://smarty.php.net/
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.. _CheetahTemplate: http://www.cheetahtemplate.org/
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What's a template?
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==================
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A template is simply a text file. All Django templates, by convention, have
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".html" extensions, but they can generate any text-based format (HTML, XML,
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CSV, etc.).
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A template contains **variables**, which get replaced with values when the
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template is evaluated, and **tags**, which control the logic of the template.
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Below is a minimal template that illustrates a few basics. Each element will be
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explained later in this document.::
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{% extends "base_generic" %}
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{% block title %}{{ section.title }}{% endblock %}
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{% block content %}
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<h1>{{ section.title }}</h1>
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{% for story in story_list %}
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<h2>
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<a href="{{ story.get_absolute_url }}">
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{{ story.headline|upper }}
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</a>
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</h2>
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<p>{{ story.tease|truncatewords:"100" }}</p>
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{% endfor %}
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{% endblock %}
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.. admonition:: Philosophy
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Why use a text-based template instead of an XML-based one (like Zope's
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TAL)? We wanted Django's template language to be usable for more than
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just XML/HTML templates. At World Online, we use it for e-mails,
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JavaScript and CSV. You can use the template language for any text-based
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format.
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What's a variable?
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==================
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Variables look like this: ``{{ variable }}``. When the template engine
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encounters a variable, it evaluates that variable and replaces it with the
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result.
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Use a dot (``.``) to access attributes of a variable.
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.. admonition:: Behind the scenes
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Technically, when the template system encounters a dot, it tries the
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following lookups, in this order:
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* Dictionary lookup
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* Attribute lookup
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* Method call
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* List-index lookup
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In the above example, ``{{ section.title }}`` will be replaced with the
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``title`` attribute of the ``section`` object.
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If you use a variable that doesn't exist, it will be silently ignored. The
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variable will be replaced by nothingness.
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See `Using the built-in reference`_, below, for help on finding what variables
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are available in a given template.
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You can modify variables for display by using **filters**.
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What's a filter?
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================
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Filters look like this: ``{{ name|lower }}``. This displays the value of the
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``{{ name }}`` variable after being filtered through the ``lower`` filter,
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which converts text to lowercase. Use a pipe (``|``) to apply a filter.
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Filters can be "chained." The output of one filter applied to the next:
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``{{ text|escape|linebreaks }}`` is a common idiom for escaping text contents
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and then converting line breaks to ``<p>`` tags.
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Certain filters take arguments. A filter argument looks like this:
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``{{ bio|truncatewords:"30" }}``. This will display the first 30 words of the
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``bio`` variable. Filter arguments always are in double quotes.
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The `Built-in filter reference`_ below describes all the built-in filters.
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What's a tag?
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=============
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Tags look like this: ``{% tag %}``. Tags are more complex than variables: Some
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create text in the output, some control flow by performing loops or logic, and
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some load external information into the template to be used by later variables.
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Some tags require beginning and ending tags (i.e.
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``{% tag %} ... tag contents ... {% endtag %}``). The `Built-in tag reference`_
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below describes all the built-in tags. You can create your own tags, if you
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know how to write Python code.
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Template inheritance
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====================
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The most powerful -- and thus the most complex -- part of Django's template
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engine is template inheritance. Template inheritance allows you to build a base
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"skeleton" template that contains all the common elements of your site and
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defines **blocks** that child templates can override.
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It's easiest to understand template inheritance by starting with an example::
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
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"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
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<head>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" />
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<title>{% block title %}My amazing site{% endblock %}</title>
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</head>
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<body>
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<div id="sidebar">
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{% block sidebar %}
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<ul>
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<li><a href="/">Home</a></li>
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<li><a href="/blog/">Blog</a></li>
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</ul>
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{% endblock %}
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</div>
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<div id="content">
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{% block content %}{% endblock %}
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</div>
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</body>
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This template, which we'll call ``base.html``, defines a simple HTML skeleton
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document that you might use for a simple two-column page. It's the job of
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"child" templates to fill the empty blocks with content.
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In this example, the ``{% block %}`` tag defines three blocks that child
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templates can fill in. All the ``block`` tag does is to tell the template
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engine that a child template may override those portions of the template.
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A child template might look like this::
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{% extends "base" %}
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{% block title %}My amazing blog{% endblock %}
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{% block content %}
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{% for entry in blog_entries %}
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<h2>{{ entry.title }}</h2>
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<p>{{ entry.body }}</p>
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{% endfor %}
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{% endblock %}
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The ``{% extends %}`` tag is the key here. It tells the template engine that
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this template "extends" another template. When the template system evaluates
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this template, first it locates the parent -- in this case, "base" (note the
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lack of an ".html" extension in the ``{% extends %}`` tag).
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At that point, the template engine will notice the three blocks in
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``base.html`` and replace those blocks with the contents of the child template.
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Depending on the value of ``blog_entries``, the output might look like::
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
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"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
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<head>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" />
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<title>My amazing blog</title>
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</head>
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<body>
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<div id="sidebar">
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<ul>
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<li><a href="/">Home</a></li>
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<li><a href="/blog/">Blog</a></li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<div id="content">
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<h2>Entry one</h2>
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<p>This is my first entry.</p>
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<h2>Entry two</h2>
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<p>This is my second entry.</p>
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</div>
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</body>
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Note that since the child template didn't define the ``sidebar`` block, the
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value from the parent template is used instead. Content within a ``{% block %}``
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tag in a parent template is always used as a fallback.
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Template inheritance isn't limited to a single level. Multi-level inheritance
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is possible and, indeed, quite useful.
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Here are some tips for working with inheritance:
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* More ``{% block %}`` tags in your base templates are better. Remember,
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child templates don't have to define all parent blocks, so you can fill
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in reasonable defaults in a number of blocks, then only define the ones
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you need later.
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* If you find yourself duplicating content in a number of templates, it
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probably means you should move that content to a ``{% block %}`` in a
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parent template.
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* The recommended template layout is to use three levels: a single base
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template for the entire site, a set of mid-level templates for each
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section of the site, and then the individual templates for each view.
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This maximizes code reuse and makes it easier to add items to shared
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content areas (such as section-wide navigation).
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* If you need to get the content of the block from the parent template,
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the ``{{ block.super }}`` variable will do the trick. This is useful
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if you want to add to the contents of a parent block instead of
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completely overriding it.
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Finally, note that you can't define multiple ``{% block %}`` tags with the same
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name in the same template. This limitation exists because a block tag works in
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"both" directions. That is, a block tag doesn't just provide a hole to fill --
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it also defines the content that fills the hole in the *parent*. If there were
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two similarly-named ``{% block %}`` tags in a template, that template's parent
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wouldn't know which one of the blocks' content to use.
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Using the built-in reference
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============================
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Because Django can be used to develop any sort of site, the tags, filters and
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variables available are different depending on the application. To make it
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easy to figure out what's available in a given site, the admin interface has a
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complete reference of all the template goodies available to that site.
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The reference is integrated into the administration interface for your site(s)
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and is divided into 4 sections: tags, filters, models, and views.
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The **tags** and **filters** sections describe all the built-in tags (in fact,
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the tag and filter references below come directly from those pages) as well as
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any custom tag or filter libraries available.
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The **views** page is the most valuable. Each URL in your site has a separate
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entry here, and clicking on a URL will show you:
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* The name of the view function that generates that view.
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* A short description of what the view does.
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* The **context**, or a list of variables available in the view.
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* The name of the template or templates that are used for that view.
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Each view documentation page also has a bookmarklet that you can use to jump
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from any page to the documentation page for that view.
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Because Django generally revolves around database objects, the **models**
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section of the documentation page describes each type of object in the system
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along with all the fields available on that object.
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Taken together, the documentation pages should tell you every tag, filter,
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variable and object available to you in a given template.
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Custom tag and filter libraries
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===============================
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Certain applications provide custom tag and filter libraries. To access them in
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a template, use the ``{% load %}`` tag::
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{% load comments %}
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{% comment_form for blogs.entries entry.id with is_public yes %}
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In the above, the ``load`` tag loads the ``comments`` tag library, which then
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makes the ``comment_form`` tag available for use. Consult the documentation
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area in your admin to find the list of custom libraries in your installation.
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Built-in tag and filter reference
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=================================
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For those without an admin site available, reference for the stock tags and
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filters follows. Because Django is highly customizable, the reference in your
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admin should be considered the final word on what tags and filters are
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available, and what they do.
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Built-in tag reference
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----------------------
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``block``
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Define a block that can be overridden by child templates. See `Template
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inheritance`_ for more information.
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``comment``
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Ignore everything between ``{% comment %}`` and ``{% endcomment %}``
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``cycle``
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Cycle among the given strings each time this tag is encountered.
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Within a loop, cycles among the given strings each time through
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the loop::
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{% for o in some_list %}
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<tr class="{% cycle row1,row2 %}">
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...
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</tr>
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{% endfor %}
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Outside of a loop, give the values a unique name the first time you call it,
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then use that name each successive time through::
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<tr class="{% cycle row1,row2,row3 as rowcolors %}">...</tr>
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<tr class="{% cycle rowcolors %}">...</tr>
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<tr class="{% cycle rowcolors %}">...</tr>
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You can use any number of values, separated by commas. Make sure not to put
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spaces between the values -- only commas.
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``debug``
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Output a whole load of debugging information, including the current context and
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imported modules.
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``extends``
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Signal that this template extends a parent template.
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This tag may be used in two ways: ``{% extends "base" %}`` (with quotes) uses
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the literal value "base" as the name of the parent template to extend, or ``{%
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extends variable %}`` uses the value of ``variable`` as the name of the parent
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template to extend.
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See `Template inheritance`_ for more information.
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``filter``
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Filter the contents of the variable through variable filters.
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Filters can also be piped through each other, and they can have arguments --
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just like in variable syntax.
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Sample usage::
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{% filter escape|lower %}
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This text will be HTML-escaped, and will appear in all lowercase.
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{% endfilter %}
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``firstof``
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Outputs the first variable passed that is not False. Outputs nothing if all the
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passed variables are False.
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Sample usage::
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{% firstof var1 var2 var3 %}
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This is equivalent to::
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{% if var1 %}
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{{ var1 }}
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{% else %}{% if var2 %}
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{{ var2 }}
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{% else %}{% if var3 %}
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{{ var3 }}
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{% endif %}{% endif %}{% endif %}
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but obviously much cleaner!
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``for``
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Loop over each item in an array. For example, to display a list of athletes
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given ``athlete_list``::
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<ul>
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{% for athlete in athlete_list %}
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<li>{{ athlete.name }}</li>
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{% endfor %}
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</ul>
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You can also loop over a list in reverse by using ``{% for obj in list reversed %}``.
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The for loop sets a number of variables available within the loop:
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========================== ================================================
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Variable Description
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========================== ================================================
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``forloop.counter`` The current iteration of the loop (1-indexed)
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``forloop.counter0`` The current iteration of the loop (0-indexed)
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``forloop.revcounter`` The number of iterations from the end of the
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loop (1-indexed)
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``forloop.revcounter0`` The number of iterations from the end of the
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loop (0-indexed)
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``forloop.first`` True if this is the first time through the loop
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``forloop.last`` True if this is the last time through the loop
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``forloop.parentloop`` For nested loops, this is the loop "above" the
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current one
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========================== ================================================
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``if``
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The ``{% if %}`` tag evaluates a variable, and if that variable is "true" (i.e.
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exists, is not empty, and is not a false boolean value) the contents of the
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block are output::
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{% if athlete_list %}
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Number of athletes: {{ athlete_list|length }}
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{% else %}
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No athletes.
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{% endif %}
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In the above, if ``athlete_list`` is not empty, the number of athletes will be
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displayed by the ``{{ athlete_list|length }}`` variable.
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As you can see, the ``if`` tag can take an option ``{% else %}`` clause that
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will be displayed if the test fails.
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``if`` tags may use ``or`` or ``not`` to test a number of variables or to negate
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a given variable::
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{% if not athlete_list %}
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There are no athletes.
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{% endif %}
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{% if athlete_list or coach_list %}
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There are some athletes or some coaches.
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{% endif %}
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{% if not athlete_list or coach_list %}
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There are no athletes or there are some coaches (OK, so
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writing English translations of boolean logic sounds
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stupid; it's not my fault).
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{% endif %}
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For simplicity, ``if`` tags do not allow ``and`` clauses; use nested ``if``
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tags instead::
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{% if athlete_list %}
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{% if coach_list %}
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Number of athletes: {{ athlete_list|length }}.
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Number of coaches: {{ coach_list|length }}.
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{% endif %}
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{% endif %}
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``ifchanged``
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Check if a value has changed from the last iteration of a loop.
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The 'ifchanged' block tag is used within a loop. It checks its own rendered
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contents against its previous state and only displays its content if the value
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has changed::
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<h1>Archive for {{ year }}</h1>
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{% for day in days %}
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{% ifchanged %}<h3>{{ day|date:"F" }}</h3>{% endifchanged %}
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<a href="{{ day|date:"M/d"|lower }}/">{{ day|date:"j" }}</a>
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{% endfor %}
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``ifequal``
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Output the contents of the block if the two arguments equal each other.
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Example::
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{% ifequal user.id comment.user_id %}
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...
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{% endifequal %}
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As in the ``{% if %}`` tag, an ``{% else %}`` clause is optional.
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The arguments can be hard-coded strings, so the following is valid::
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{% ifequal user.username "adrian" %}
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...
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{% endifequal %}
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``ifnotequal``
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Just like ``ifequal``, except it tests that the two arguments are not equal.
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``load``
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Load a custom template tag set.
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See `Custom tag and filter libraries`_ for more information.
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``now``
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Display the date, formatted according to the given string.
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Uses the same format as PHP's ``date()`` function (http://php.net/date)
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with some custom extensions.
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Available format strings:
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================ ====================================== =====================
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Format character Description Example output
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================ ====================================== =====================
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a ``'a.m.'`` or ``'p.m.'`` (Note that ``'a.m.'``
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this is slightly different than PHP's
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output, because this includes periods
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to match Associated Press style.)
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A ``'AM'`` or ``'PM'``. ``'AM'``
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B Not implemented.
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d Day of the month, 2 digits with ``'01'`` to ``'31'``
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leading zeros.
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D Day of the week, textual, 3 letters. ``'Fri'``
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f Time, in 12-hour hours and minutes, ``'1'``, ``'1:30'``
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with minutes left off if they're zero.
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Proprietary extension.
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F Month, textual, long. ``'January'``
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g Hour, 12-hour format without leading ``'1'`` to ``'12'``
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zeros.
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G Hour, 24-hour format without leading ``'0'`` to ``'23'``
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zeros.
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h Hour, 12-hour format. ``'01'`` to ``'12'``
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H Hour, 24-hour format. ``'00'`` to ``'23'``
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i Minutes. ``'00'`` to ``'59'``
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I Not implemented.
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j Day of the month without leading ``'1'`` to ``'31'``
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zeros.
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l Day of the week, textual, long. ``'Friday'``
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L Boolean for whether it's a leap year. ``True`` or ``False``
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m Month, 2 digits with leading zeros. ``'01'`` to ``'12'``
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M Month, textual, 3 letters. ``'Jan'``
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n Month without leading zeros. ``'1'`` to ``'12'``
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N Month abbreviation in Associated Press ``'Jan.'``, ``'Feb.'``, ``'March'``, ``'May'``
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style. Proprietary extension.
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O Difference to Greenwich time in hours. ``'+0200'``
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P Time, in 12-hour hours, minutes and ``'1 a.m.'``, ``'1:30 p.m.'``, ``'midnight'``, ``'noon'``, ``'12:30 p.m.'``
|
|
'a.m.'/'p.m.', with minutes left off
|
|
if they're zero and the special-case
|
|
strings 'midnight' and 'noon' if
|
|
appropriate. Proprietary extension.
|
|
r RFC 822 formatted date. ``'Thu, 21 Dec 2000 16:01:07 +0200'``
|
|
s Seconds, 2 digits with leading zeros. ``'00'`` to ``'59'``
|
|
S English ordinal suffix for day of the ``'st'``, ``'nd'``, ``'rd'`` or ``'th'``
|
|
month, 2 characters.
|
|
t Not implemented.
|
|
T Time zone of this machine. ``'EST'``, ``'MDT'``
|
|
U Not implemented.
|
|
w Day of the week, digits without ``'0'`` (Sunday) to ``'6'`` (Saturday)
|
|
leading zeros.
|
|
W ISO-8601 week number of year, with ``1``, ``23``
|
|
weeks starting on Monday.
|
|
y Year, 2 digits. ``'99'``
|
|
Y Year, 4 digits. ``'1999'``
|
|
z Day of the year. ``0`` to ``365``
|
|
Z Time zone offset in seconds. The ``-43200`` to ``43200``
|
|
offset for timezones west of UTC is
|
|
always negative, and for those east of
|
|
UTC is always positive.
|
|
================ ====================================== =====================
|
|
|
|
Example::
|
|
|
|
It is {% now "jS F Y H:i" %}
|
|
|
|
Note that you can backslash-escape a format string if you want to use the
|
|
"raw" value. In this example, "f" is backslash-escaped, because otherwise
|
|
"f" is a format string that displays the time. The "o" doesn't need to be
|
|
escaped, because it's not a format character.::
|
|
|
|
It is the {% "jS o\f F" %}
|
|
|
|
(Displays "It is the 4th of September" %}
|
|
|
|
``regroup``
|
|
Regroup a list of alike objects by a common attribute.
|
|
|
|
This complex tag is best illustrated by use of an example: say that ``people``
|
|
is a list of ``Person`` objects that have ``first_name``, ``last_name``, and
|
|
``gender`` attributes, and you'd like to display a list that looks like:
|
|
|
|
* Male:
|
|
* George Bush
|
|
* Bill Clinton
|
|
* Female:
|
|
* Margaret Thatcher
|
|
* Condoleezza Rice
|
|
* Unknown:
|
|
* Pat Smith
|
|
|
|
The following snippet of template code would accomplish this dubious task::
|
|
|
|
{% regroup people by gender as grouped %}
|
|
<ul>
|
|
{% for group in grouped %}
|
|
<li>{{ group.grouper }}
|
|
<ul>
|
|
{% for item in group.list %}
|
|
<li>{{ item }}</li>
|
|
{% endfor %}
|
|
</ul>
|
|
{% endfor %}
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
As you can see, ``{% regroup %}`` populates a variable with a list of objects
|
|
with ``grouper`` and ``list`` attributes. ``grouper`` contains the item that
|
|
was grouped by; ``list`` contains the list of objects that share that
|
|
``grouper``. In this case, ``grouper`` would be ``Male``, ``Female`` and
|
|
``Unknown``, and ``list`` is the list of people with those genders.
|
|
|
|
Note that ``{% regroup %}`` does not work when the list to be grouped is not
|
|
sorted by the key you are grouping by! This means that if your list of people
|
|
was not sorted by gender, you'd need to make sure it is sorted before using it,
|
|
i.e.::
|
|
|
|
{% regroup people|dictsort:"gender" by gender as grouped %}
|
|
|
|
``ssi``
|
|
Output the contents of a given file into the page.
|
|
|
|
Like a simple "include" tag, ``{% ssi %}`` includes the contents of another
|
|
file -- which must be specified using an absolute path -- in the current
|
|
page::
|
|
|
|
{% ssi /home/html/ljworld.com/includes/right_generic.html %}
|
|
|
|
If the optional "parsed" parameter is given, the contents of the included
|
|
file are evaluated as template code, within the current context::
|
|
|
|
{% ssi /home/html/ljworld.com/includes/right_generic.html parsed %}
|
|
|
|
Note that if you use ``{% ssi %}``, you'll need to define
|
|
`ALLOWED_INCLUDE_ROOTS`_ in your Django settings, as a security measure.
|
|
|
|
.. _ALLOWED_INCLUDE_ROOTS: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/#allowed-include-roots
|
|
|
|
``templatetag``
|
|
Output one of the bits used to compose template tags.
|
|
|
|
Since the template system has no concept of "escaping", to display one of the
|
|
bits used in template tags, you must use the ``{% templatetag %}`` tag.
|
|
|
|
The argument tells which template bit to output:
|
|
|
|
================== =======
|
|
Argument Outputs
|
|
================== =======
|
|
``openblock`` ``{%``
|
|
``closeblock`` ``%}``
|
|
``openvariable`` ``{{``
|
|
``closevariable`` ``}}``
|
|
================== =======
|
|
|
|
``widthratio``
|
|
For creating bar charts and such, this tag calculates the ratio of a given value
|
|
to a maximum value, and then applies that ratio to a constant.
|
|
|
|
For example::
|
|
|
|
<img src='bar.gif' height='10' width='{% widthratio this_value max_value 100 %}' />
|
|
|
|
Above, if ``this_value`` is 175 and ``max_value`` is 200, the the image in the
|
|
above example will be 88 pixels wide (because 175/200 = .875; .875 * 100 = 87.5
|
|
which is rounded up to 88).
|
|
|
|
Built-in filter reference
|
|
-------------------------
|
|
|
|
``add``
|
|
Adds the arg to the value.
|
|
|
|
``addslashes``
|
|
Adds slashes. Useful for passing strings to JavaScript, for example.
|
|
|
|
``capfirst``
|
|
Capitalizes the first character of the value.
|
|
|
|
``center``
|
|
Centers the value in a field of a given width.
|
|
|
|
``cut``
|
|
Removes all values of arg from the given string.
|
|
|
|
``date``
|
|
Formats a date according to the given format (same as the ``now`` tag).
|
|
|
|
``default``
|
|
If value is unavailable, use given default.
|
|
|
|
``default_if_none``
|
|
If value is ``None``, use given default.
|
|
|
|
``dictsort``
|
|
Takes a list of dicts, returns that list sorted by the property given in the
|
|
argument.
|
|
|
|
``dictsortreversed``
|
|
Takes a list of dicts, returns that list sorted in reverse order by the property
|
|
given in the argument.
|
|
|
|
``divisibleby``
|
|
Returns true if the value is divisible by the argument.
|
|
|
|
``escape``
|
|
Escapes a string's HTML.
|
|
|
|
``filesizeformat``
|
|
Format the value like a 'human-readable' file size (i.e. 13 KB, 4.1 MB, 102
|
|
bytes, etc).
|
|
|
|
``first``
|
|
Returns the first item in a list.
|
|
|
|
``fix_ampersands``
|
|
Replaces ampersands with ``&`` entities.
|
|
|
|
``floatformat``
|
|
Displays a floating point number as 34.2 (with one decimal places) - but
|
|
only if there's a point to be displayed.
|
|
|
|
``get_digit``
|
|
Given a whole number, returns the requested digit of it, where 1 is the
|
|
right-most digit, 2 is the second-right-most digit, etc. Returns the
|
|
original value for invalid input (if input or argument is not an integer,
|
|
or if argument is less than 1). Otherwise, output is always an integer.
|
|
|
|
``join``
|
|
Joins a list with a string, like Python's ``str.join(list)``.
|
|
|
|
``length``
|
|
Returns the length of the value. Useful for lists.
|
|
|
|
``length_is``
|
|
Returns a boolean of whether the value's length is the argument.
|
|
|
|
``linebreaks``
|
|
Converts newlines into <p> and <br />s.
|
|
|
|
``linebreaksbr``
|
|
Converts newlines into <br />s.
|
|
|
|
``linenumbers``
|
|
Displays text with line numbers.
|
|
|
|
``ljust``
|
|
Left-aligns the value in a field of a given width.
|
|
|
|
**Argument:** field size
|
|
|
|
``lower``
|
|
Converts a string into all lowercase.
|
|
|
|
``make_list``
|
|
Returns the value turned into a list. For an integer, it's a list of
|
|
digits. For a string, it's a list of characters.
|
|
|
|
``phone2numeric``
|
|
Takes a phone number and converts it in to its numerical equivalent.
|
|
|
|
``pluralize``
|
|
Returns 's' if the value is not 1, for '1 vote' vs. '2 votes'.
|
|
|
|
``pprint``
|
|
A wrapper around pprint.pprint -- for debugging, really.
|
|
|
|
``random``
|
|
Returns a random item from the list.
|
|
|
|
``removetags``
|
|
Removes a space separated list of [X]HTML tags from the output.
|
|
|
|
``rjust``
|
|
Right-aligns the value in a field of a given width.
|
|
|
|
**Argument:** field size
|
|
|
|
``slice``
|
|
Returns a slice of the list.
|
|
|
|
Uses the same syntax as Python's list slicing; see
|
|
http://diveintopython.org/native_data_types/lists.html#odbchelper.list.slice
|
|
for an introduction.
|
|
|
|
Example: ``{{ some_list|slice:":2" }}``
|
|
|
|
``slugify``
|
|
Converts to lowercase, removes non-word characters (alphanumerics and
|
|
underscores) and converts spaces to hyphens. Also strips leading and
|
|
trailing whitespace.
|
|
|
|
``stringformat``
|
|
Formats the variable according to the argument, a string formatting specifier.
|
|
This specifier uses Python string formating syntax, with the exception that
|
|
the leading "%" is dropped.
|
|
|
|
See http://docs.python.org/lib/typesseq-strings.html for documentation
|
|
of Python string formatting
|
|
|
|
``striptags``
|
|
Strips all [X]HTML tags.
|
|
|
|
``time``
|
|
Formats a time according to the given format (same as the ``now`` tag).
|
|
|
|
``timesince``
|
|
Formats a date as the time since that date (i.e. "4 days, 6 hours").
|
|
|
|
``title``
|
|
Converts a string into titlecase.
|
|
|
|
``truncatewords``
|
|
Truncates a string after a certain number of words.
|
|
|
|
**Argument:** Number of words to truncate after
|
|
|
|
``unordered_list``
|
|
Recursively takes a self-nested list and returns an HTML unordered list --
|
|
WITHOUT opening and closing <ul> tags.
|
|
|
|
The list is assumed to be in the proper format. For example, if ``var`` contains
|
|
``['States', [['Kansas', [['Lawrence', []], ['Topeka', []]]], ['Illinois', []]]]``,
|
|
then ``{{ var|unordered_list }}`` would return::
|
|
|
|
<li>States
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>Kansas
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>Lawrence</li>
|
|
<li>Topeka</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>Illinois</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
``upper``
|
|
Converts a string into all uppercase.
|
|
|
|
``urlencode``
|
|
Escapes a value for use in a URL.
|
|
|
|
``urlize``
|
|
Converts URLs in plain text into clickable links.
|
|
|
|
``urlizetrunc``
|
|
Converts URLs into clickable links, truncating URLs to the given character
|
|
limit.
|
|
|
|
**Argument:** Length to truncate URLs to
|
|
|
|
``wordcount``
|
|
Returns the number of words.
|
|
|
|
``wordwrap``
|
|
Wraps words at specified line length.
|
|
|
|
**Argument:** number of words at which to wrap the text
|
|
|
|
``yesno``
|
|
Given a string mapping values for true, false and (optionally) None,
|
|
returns one of those strings according to the value:
|
|
|
|
========== ====================== ==================================
|
|
Value Argument Outputs
|
|
========== ====================== ==================================
|
|
``True`` ``"yeah,no,maybe"`` ``yeah``
|
|
``False`` ``"yeah,no,maybe"`` ``no``
|
|
``None`` ``"yeah,no,maybe"`` ``maybe``
|
|
``None`` ``"yeah,no"`` ``"no"`` (converts None to False
|
|
if no mapping for None is given)
|
|
========== ====================== ==================================
|