148 lines
5.0 KiB
Plaintext
148 lines
5.0 KiB
Plaintext
==========================================
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How to use Django with Apache and mod_wsgi
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==========================================
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Deploying Django with Apache_ and `mod_wsgi`_ is the recommended way to get
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Django into production.
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.. _Apache: http://httpd.apache.org/
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.. _mod_wsgi: http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/
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mod_wsgi is an Apache module which can be used to host any Python application
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which supports the Python WSGI interface described in :pep:`3333`, including
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Django. Django will work with any version of Apache which supports mod_wsgi.
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The `official mod_wsgi documentation`_ is fantastic; it's your source for all
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the details about how to use mod_wsgi. You'll probably want to start with the
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`installation and configuration documentation`_.
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.. _official mod_wsgi documentation: http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/
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.. _installation and configuration documentation: http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/InstallationInstructions
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Basic configuration
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===================
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Once you've got mod_wsgi installed and activated, edit your ``httpd.conf`` file
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and add::
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WSGIScriptAlias / /path/to/mysite/apache/django.wsgi
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The first bit above is the url you want to be serving your application at (``/``
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indicates the root url), and the second is the location of a "WSGI file" -- see
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below -- on your system, usually inside of your project. This tells Apache
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to serve any request below the given URL using the WSGI application defined by that file.
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Next we'll need to actually create this WSGI application, so create the file
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mentioned in the second part of ``WSGIScriptAlias`` and add::
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import os
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import sys
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os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'mysite.settings'
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import django.core.handlers.wsgi
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application = django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler()
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If your project is not on your ``PYTHONPATH`` by default you can add::
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path = '/path/to/mysite'
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if path not in sys.path:
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sys.path.append(path)
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just below the ``import sys`` line to place your project on the path. Remember to
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replace 'mysite.settings' with your correct settings file, and '/path/to/mysite'
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with your own project's location.
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.. _serving-files:
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Serving files
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=============
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Django doesn't serve files itself; it leaves that job to whichever Web
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server you choose.
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We recommend using a separate Web server -- i.e., one that's not also running
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Django -- for serving media. Here are some good choices:
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* lighttpd_
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* Nginx_
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* TUX_
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* A stripped-down version of Apache_
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* Cherokee_
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If, however, you have no option but to serve media files on the same Apache
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``VirtualHost`` as Django, you can set up Apache to serve some URLs as
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static media, and others using the mod_wsgi interface to Django.
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This example sets up Django at the site root, but explicitly serves
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``robots.txt``, ``favicon.ico``, any CSS file, and anything in the
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``/static/`` and ``/media/`` URL space as a static file. All other URLs
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will be served using mod_wsgi::
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Alias /robots.txt /usr/local/wsgi/static/robots.txt
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Alias /favicon.ico /usr/local/wsgi/static/favicon.ico
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AliasMatch ^/([^/]*\.css) /usr/local/wsgi/static/styles/$1
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Alias /media/ /usr/local/wsgi/media/
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Alias /static/ /usr/local/wsgi/static/
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<Directory /usr/local/wsgi/static>
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Order deny,allow
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Allow from all
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</Directory>
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<Directory /usr/local/wsgi/media>
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Order deny,allow
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Allow from all
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</Directory>
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WSGIScriptAlias / /usr/local/wsgi/scripts/django.wsgi
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<Directory /usr/local/wsgi/scripts>
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Order allow,deny
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Allow from all
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</Directory>
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.. _lighttpd: http://www.lighttpd.net/
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.. _Nginx: http://wiki.nginx.org/Main
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.. _TUX: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TUX_web_server
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.. _Apache: http://httpd.apache.org/
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.. _Cherokee: http://www.cherokee-project.com/
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.. More details on configuring a mod_wsgi site to serve static files can be found
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.. in the mod_wsgi documentation on `hosting static files`_.
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.. _hosting static files: http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/ConfigurationGuidelines#Hosting_Of_Static_Files
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.. _serving-the-admin-files:
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Serving the admin files
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=======================
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Note that the Django development server automagically serves the static files
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of the admin app, but this is not the case when you use any other server
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arrangement. You're responsible for setting up Apache, or whichever media
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server you're using, to serve the admin files.
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The admin files live in (:file:`django/contrib/admin/static/admin`) of the
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Django distribution.
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We **strongly** recommend using :mod:`django.contrib.staticfiles` to handle
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the admin files, but here are two other approaches:
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1. Create a symbolic link to the admin static files from within your
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document root.
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2. Or, copy the admin static files so that they live within your Apache
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document root.
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Details
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=======
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For more details, see the `mod_wsgi documentation on Django integration`_,
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which explains the above in more detail, and walks through all the various
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options you've got when deploying under mod_wsgi.
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.. _mod_wsgi documentation on Django integration: http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/IntegrationWithDjango
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