573 lines
22 KiB
Python
573 lines
22 KiB
Python
"""
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Form classes
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"""
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from __future__ import absolute_import, unicode_literals
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import copy
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import warnings
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from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
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from django.forms.fields import Field, FileField
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from django.forms.util import flatatt, ErrorDict, ErrorList
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from django.forms.widgets import Media, media_property, TextInput, Textarea
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from django.utils.datastructures import SortedDict
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from django.utils.html import conditional_escape, format_html
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from django.utils.encoding import smart_text, force_text, python_2_unicode_compatible
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from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe
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from django.utils.translation import ugettext as _
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from django.utils import six
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__all__ = ('BaseForm', 'Form')
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NON_FIELD_ERRORS = '__all__'
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def pretty_name(name):
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"""Converts 'first_name' to 'First name'"""
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if not name:
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return ''
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return name.replace('_', ' ').capitalize()
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def get_declared_fields(bases, attrs, with_base_fields=True):
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"""
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Create a list of form field instances from the passed in 'attrs', plus any
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similar fields on the base classes (in 'bases'). This is used by both the
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Form and ModelForm metaclasses.
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If 'with_base_fields' is True, all fields from the bases are used.
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Otherwise, only fields in the 'declared_fields' attribute on the bases are
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used. The distinction is useful in ModelForm subclassing.
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Also integrates any additional media definitions.
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"""
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fields = [(field_name, attrs.pop(field_name)) for field_name, obj in list(six.iteritems(attrs)) if isinstance(obj, Field)]
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fields.sort(key=lambda x: x[1].creation_counter)
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# If this class is subclassing another Form, add that Form's fields.
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# Note that we loop over the bases in *reverse*. This is necessary in
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# order to preserve the correct order of fields.
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if with_base_fields:
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for base in bases[::-1]:
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if hasattr(base, 'base_fields'):
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fields = list(six.iteritems(base.base_fields)) + fields
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else:
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for base in bases[::-1]:
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if hasattr(base, 'declared_fields'):
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fields = list(six.iteritems(base.declared_fields)) + fields
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return SortedDict(fields)
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class DeclarativeFieldsMetaclass(type):
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"""
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Metaclass that converts Field attributes to a dictionary called
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'base_fields', taking into account parent class 'base_fields' as well.
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"""
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def __new__(cls, name, bases, attrs):
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attrs['base_fields'] = get_declared_fields(bases, attrs)
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new_class = super(DeclarativeFieldsMetaclass,
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cls).__new__(cls, name, bases, attrs)
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if 'media' not in attrs:
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new_class.media = media_property(new_class)
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return new_class
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@python_2_unicode_compatible
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class BaseForm(object):
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# This is the main implementation of all the Form logic. Note that this
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# class is different than Form. See the comments by the Form class for more
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# information. Any improvements to the form API should be made to *this*
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# class, not to the Form class.
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def __init__(self, data=None, files=None, auto_id='id_%s', prefix=None,
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initial=None, error_class=ErrorList, label_suffix=':',
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empty_permitted=False):
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self.is_bound = data is not None or files is not None
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self.data = data or {}
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self.files = files or {}
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self.auto_id = auto_id
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self.prefix = prefix
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self.initial = initial or {}
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self.error_class = error_class
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self.label_suffix = label_suffix
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self.empty_permitted = empty_permitted
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self._errors = None # Stores the errors after clean() has been called.
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self._changed_data = None
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# The base_fields class attribute is the *class-wide* definition of
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# fields. Because a particular *instance* of the class might want to
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# alter self.fields, we create self.fields here by copying base_fields.
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# Instances should always modify self.fields; they should not modify
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# self.base_fields.
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self.fields = copy.deepcopy(self.base_fields)
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def __str__(self):
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return self.as_table()
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def __iter__(self):
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for name in self.fields:
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yield self[name]
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def __getitem__(self, name):
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"Returns a BoundField with the given name."
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try:
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field = self.fields[name]
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except KeyError:
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raise KeyError('Key %r not found in Form' % name)
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return BoundField(self, field, name)
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@property
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def errors(self):
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"Returns an ErrorDict for the data provided for the form"
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if self._errors is None:
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self.full_clean()
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return self._errors
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def is_valid(self):
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"""
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Returns True if the form has no errors. Otherwise, False. If errors are
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being ignored, returns False.
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"""
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return self.is_bound and not bool(self.errors)
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def add_prefix(self, field_name):
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"""
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Returns the field name with a prefix appended, if this Form has a
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prefix set.
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Subclasses may wish to override.
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"""
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return self.prefix and ('%s-%s' % (self.prefix, field_name)) or field_name
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def add_initial_prefix(self, field_name):
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"""
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Add a 'initial' prefix for checking dynamic initial values
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"""
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return 'initial-%s' % self.add_prefix(field_name)
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def _html_output(self, normal_row, error_row, row_ender, help_text_html, errors_on_separate_row):
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"Helper function for outputting HTML. Used by as_table(), as_ul(), as_p()."
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top_errors = self.non_field_errors() # Errors that should be displayed above all fields.
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output, hidden_fields = [], []
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for name, field in self.fields.items():
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html_class_attr = ''
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bf = self[name]
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# Escape and cache in local variable.
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bf_errors = self.error_class([conditional_escape(error) for error in bf.errors])
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if bf.is_hidden:
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if bf_errors:
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top_errors.extend(
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[_('(Hidden field %(name)s) %(error)s') % {'name': name, 'error': force_text(e)}
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for e in bf_errors])
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hidden_fields.append(six.text_type(bf))
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else:
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# Create a 'class="..."' atribute if the row should have any
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# CSS classes applied.
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css_classes = bf.css_classes()
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if css_classes:
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html_class_attr = ' class="%s"' % css_classes
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if errors_on_separate_row and bf_errors:
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output.append(error_row % force_text(bf_errors))
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if bf.label:
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label = conditional_escape(force_text(bf.label))
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# Only add the suffix if the label does not end in
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# punctuation.
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if self.label_suffix:
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if label[-1] not in ':?.!':
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label = format_html('{0}{1}', label, self.label_suffix)
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label = bf.label_tag(label) or ''
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else:
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label = ''
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if field.help_text:
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help_text = help_text_html % force_text(field.help_text)
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else:
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help_text = ''
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output.append(normal_row % {
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'errors': force_text(bf_errors),
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'label': force_text(label),
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'field': six.text_type(bf),
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'help_text': help_text,
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'html_class_attr': html_class_attr
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})
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if top_errors:
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output.insert(0, error_row % force_text(top_errors))
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if hidden_fields: # Insert any hidden fields in the last row.
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str_hidden = ''.join(hidden_fields)
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if output:
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last_row = output[-1]
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# Chop off the trailing row_ender (e.g. '</td></tr>') and
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# insert the hidden fields.
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if not last_row.endswith(row_ender):
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# This can happen in the as_p() case (and possibly others
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# that users write): if there are only top errors, we may
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# not be able to conscript the last row for our purposes,
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# so insert a new, empty row.
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last_row = (normal_row % {'errors': '', 'label': '',
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'field': '', 'help_text':'',
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'html_class_attr': html_class_attr})
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output.append(last_row)
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output[-1] = last_row[:-len(row_ender)] + str_hidden + row_ender
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else:
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# If there aren't any rows in the output, just append the
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# hidden fields.
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output.append(str_hidden)
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return mark_safe('\n'.join(output))
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def as_table(self):
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"Returns this form rendered as HTML <tr>s -- excluding the <table></table>."
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return self._html_output(
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normal_row = '<tr%(html_class_attr)s><th>%(label)s</th><td>%(errors)s%(field)s%(help_text)s</td></tr>',
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error_row = '<tr><td colspan="2">%s</td></tr>',
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row_ender = '</td></tr>',
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help_text_html = '<br /><span class="helptext">%s</span>',
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errors_on_separate_row = False)
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def as_ul(self):
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"Returns this form rendered as HTML <li>s -- excluding the <ul></ul>."
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return self._html_output(
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normal_row = '<li%(html_class_attr)s>%(errors)s%(label)s %(field)s%(help_text)s</li>',
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error_row = '<li>%s</li>',
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row_ender = '</li>',
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help_text_html = ' <span class="helptext">%s</span>',
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errors_on_separate_row = False)
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def as_p(self):
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"Returns this form rendered as HTML <p>s."
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return self._html_output(
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normal_row = '<p%(html_class_attr)s>%(label)s %(field)s%(help_text)s</p>',
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error_row = '%s',
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row_ender = '</p>',
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help_text_html = ' <span class="helptext">%s</span>',
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errors_on_separate_row = True)
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def non_field_errors(self):
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"""
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Returns an ErrorList of errors that aren't associated with a particular
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field -- i.e., from Form.clean(). Returns an empty ErrorList if there
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are none.
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"""
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return self.errors.get(NON_FIELD_ERRORS, self.error_class())
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def _raw_value(self, fieldname):
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"""
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Returns the raw_value for a particular field name. This is just a
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convenient wrapper around widget.value_from_datadict.
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"""
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field = self.fields[fieldname]
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prefix = self.add_prefix(fieldname)
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return field.widget.value_from_datadict(self.data, self.files, prefix)
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def full_clean(self):
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"""
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Cleans all of self.data and populates self._errors and
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self.cleaned_data.
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"""
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self._errors = ErrorDict()
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if not self.is_bound: # Stop further processing.
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return
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self.cleaned_data = {}
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# If the form is permitted to be empty, and none of the form data has
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# changed from the initial data, short circuit any validation.
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if self.empty_permitted and not self.has_changed():
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return
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self._clean_fields()
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self._clean_form()
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self._post_clean()
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def _clean_fields(self):
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for name, field in self.fields.items():
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# value_from_datadict() gets the data from the data dictionaries.
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# Each widget type knows how to retrieve its own data, because some
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# widgets split data over several HTML fields.
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value = field.widget.value_from_datadict(self.data, self.files, self.add_prefix(name))
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try:
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if isinstance(field, FileField):
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initial = self.initial.get(name, field.initial)
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value = field.clean(value, initial)
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else:
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value = field.clean(value)
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self.cleaned_data[name] = value
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if hasattr(self, 'clean_%s' % name):
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value = getattr(self, 'clean_%s' % name)()
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self.cleaned_data[name] = value
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except ValidationError as e:
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self._errors[name] = self.error_class(e.messages)
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if name in self.cleaned_data:
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del self.cleaned_data[name]
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def _clean_form(self):
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try:
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self.cleaned_data = self.clean()
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except ValidationError as e:
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self._errors[NON_FIELD_ERRORS] = self.error_class(e.messages)
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def _post_clean(self):
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"""
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An internal hook for performing additional cleaning after form cleaning
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is complete. Used for model validation in model forms.
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"""
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pass
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def clean(self):
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"""
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Hook for doing any extra form-wide cleaning after Field.clean() been
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called on every field. Any ValidationError raised by this method will
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not be associated with a particular field; it will have a special-case
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association with the field named '__all__'.
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"""
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return self.cleaned_data
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def has_changed(self):
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"""
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Returns True if data differs from initial.
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"""
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return bool(self.changed_data)
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@property
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def changed_data(self):
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if self._changed_data is None:
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self._changed_data = []
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# XXX: For now we're asking the individual widgets whether or not the
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# data has changed. It would probably be more efficient to hash the
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# initial data, store it in a hidden field, and compare a hash of the
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# submitted data, but we'd need a way to easily get the string value
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# for a given field. Right now, that logic is embedded in the render
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# method of each widget.
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for name, field in self.fields.items():
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prefixed_name = self.add_prefix(name)
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data_value = field.widget.value_from_datadict(self.data, self.files, prefixed_name)
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if not field.show_hidden_initial:
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initial_value = self.initial.get(name, field.initial)
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else:
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initial_prefixed_name = self.add_initial_prefix(name)
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hidden_widget = field.hidden_widget()
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try:
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initial_value = field.to_python(hidden_widget.value_from_datadict(
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self.data, self.files, initial_prefixed_name))
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except ValidationError:
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# Always assume data has changed if validation fails.
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self._changed_data.append(name)
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continue
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if hasattr(field.widget, '_has_changed'):
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warnings.warn("The _has_changed method on widgets is deprecated,"
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" define it at field level instead.",
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PendingDeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
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if field.widget._has_changed(initial_value, data_value):
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self._changed_data.append(name)
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elif field._has_changed(initial_value, data_value):
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self._changed_data.append(name)
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return self._changed_data
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@property
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def media(self):
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"""
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Provide a description of all media required to render the widgets on this form
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"""
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media = Media()
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for field in self.fields.values():
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media = media + field.widget.media
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return media
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def is_multipart(self):
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"""
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Returns True if the form needs to be multipart-encoded, i.e. it has
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FileInput. Otherwise, False.
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"""
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for field in self.fields.values():
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if field.widget.needs_multipart_form:
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return True
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return False
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def hidden_fields(self):
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"""
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Returns a list of all the BoundField objects that are hidden fields.
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Useful for manual form layout in templates.
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"""
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return [field for field in self if field.is_hidden]
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def visible_fields(self):
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"""
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Returns a list of BoundField objects that aren't hidden fields.
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The opposite of the hidden_fields() method.
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"""
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return [field for field in self if not field.is_hidden]
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class Form(six.with_metaclass(DeclarativeFieldsMetaclass, BaseForm)):
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"A collection of Fields, plus their associated data."
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# This is a separate class from BaseForm in order to abstract the way
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# self.fields is specified. This class (Form) is the one that does the
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# fancy metaclass stuff purely for the semantic sugar -- it allows one
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# to define a form using declarative syntax.
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# BaseForm itself has no way of designating self.fields.
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@python_2_unicode_compatible
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class BoundField(object):
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"A Field plus data"
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def __init__(self, form, field, name):
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self.form = form
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self.field = field
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self.name = name
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self.html_name = form.add_prefix(name)
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self.html_initial_name = form.add_initial_prefix(name)
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self.html_initial_id = form.add_initial_prefix(self.auto_id)
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if self.field.label is None:
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self.label = pretty_name(name)
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else:
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self.label = self.field.label
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self.help_text = field.help_text or ''
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def __str__(self):
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"""Renders this field as an HTML widget."""
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if self.field.show_hidden_initial:
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return self.as_widget() + self.as_hidden(only_initial=True)
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return self.as_widget()
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def __iter__(self):
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"""
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Yields rendered strings that comprise all widgets in this BoundField.
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This really is only useful for RadioSelect widgets, so that you can
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iterate over individual radio buttons in a template.
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"""
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for subwidget in self.field.widget.subwidgets(self.html_name, self.value()):
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yield subwidget
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def __len__(self):
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return len(list(self.__iter__()))
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def __getitem__(self, idx):
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return list(self.__iter__())[idx]
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@property
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def errors(self):
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"""
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Returns an ErrorList for this field. Returns an empty ErrorList
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if there are none.
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"""
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return self.form.errors.get(self.name, self.form.error_class())
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def as_widget(self, widget=None, attrs=None, only_initial=False):
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"""
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Renders the field by rendering the passed widget, adding any HTML
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attributes passed as attrs. If no widget is specified, then the
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field's default widget will be used.
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"""
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if not widget:
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widget = self.field.widget
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attrs = attrs or {}
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auto_id = self.auto_id
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if auto_id and 'id' not in attrs and 'id' not in widget.attrs:
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if not only_initial:
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attrs['id'] = auto_id
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else:
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attrs['id'] = self.html_initial_id
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if not only_initial:
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name = self.html_name
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else:
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name = self.html_initial_name
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return widget.render(name, self.value(), attrs=attrs)
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def as_text(self, attrs=None, **kwargs):
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"""
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Returns a string of HTML for representing this as an <input type="text">.
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"""
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return self.as_widget(TextInput(), attrs, **kwargs)
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def as_textarea(self, attrs=None, **kwargs):
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"Returns a string of HTML for representing this as a <textarea>."
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return self.as_widget(Textarea(), attrs, **kwargs)
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def as_hidden(self, attrs=None, **kwargs):
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"""
|
|
Returns a string of HTML for representing this as an <input type="hidden">.
|
|
"""
|
|
return self.as_widget(self.field.hidden_widget(), attrs, **kwargs)
|
|
|
|
@property
|
|
def data(self):
|
|
"""
|
|
Returns the data for this BoundField, or None if it wasn't given.
|
|
"""
|
|
return self.field.widget.value_from_datadict(self.form.data, self.form.files, self.html_name)
|
|
|
|
def value(self):
|
|
"""
|
|
Returns the value for this BoundField, using the initial value if
|
|
the form is not bound or the data otherwise.
|
|
"""
|
|
if not self.form.is_bound:
|
|
data = self.form.initial.get(self.name, self.field.initial)
|
|
if callable(data):
|
|
data = data()
|
|
else:
|
|
data = self.field.bound_data(
|
|
self.data, self.form.initial.get(self.name, self.field.initial)
|
|
)
|
|
return self.field.prepare_value(data)
|
|
|
|
def label_tag(self, contents=None, attrs=None):
|
|
"""
|
|
Wraps the given contents in a <label>, if the field has an ID attribute.
|
|
contents should be 'mark_safe'd to avoid HTML escaping. If contents
|
|
aren't given, uses the field's HTML-escaped label.
|
|
|
|
If attrs are given, they're used as HTML attributes on the <label> tag.
|
|
"""
|
|
contents = contents or conditional_escape(self.label)
|
|
widget = self.field.widget
|
|
id_ = widget.attrs.get('id') or self.auto_id
|
|
if id_:
|
|
attrs = attrs and flatatt(attrs) or ''
|
|
contents = format_html('<label for="{0}"{1}>{2}</label>',
|
|
widget.id_for_label(id_), attrs, contents
|
|
)
|
|
return mark_safe(contents)
|
|
|
|
def css_classes(self, extra_classes=None):
|
|
"""
|
|
Returns a string of space-separated CSS classes for this field.
|
|
"""
|
|
if hasattr(extra_classes, 'split'):
|
|
extra_classes = extra_classes.split()
|
|
extra_classes = set(extra_classes or [])
|
|
if self.errors and hasattr(self.form, 'error_css_class'):
|
|
extra_classes.add(self.form.error_css_class)
|
|
if self.field.required and hasattr(self.form, 'required_css_class'):
|
|
extra_classes.add(self.form.required_css_class)
|
|
return ' '.join(extra_classes)
|
|
|
|
@property
|
|
def is_hidden(self):
|
|
"Returns True if this BoundField's widget is hidden."
|
|
return self.field.widget.is_hidden
|
|
|
|
@property
|
|
def auto_id(self):
|
|
"""
|
|
Calculates and returns the ID attribute for this BoundField, if the
|
|
associated Form has specified auto_id. Returns an empty string otherwise.
|
|
"""
|
|
auto_id = self.form.auto_id
|
|
if auto_id and '%s' in smart_text(auto_id):
|
|
return smart_text(auto_id) % self.html_name
|
|
elif auto_id:
|
|
return self.html_name
|
|
return ''
|
|
|
|
@property
|
|
def id_for_label(self):
|
|
"""
|
|
Wrapper around the field widget's `id_for_label` method.
|
|
Useful, for example, for focusing on this field regardless of whether
|
|
it has a single widget or a MutiWidget.
|
|
"""
|
|
widget = self.field.widget
|
|
id_ = widget.attrs.get('id') or self.auto_id
|
|
return widget.id_for_label(id_)
|