556 lines
21 KiB
Python
556 lines
21 KiB
Python
from __future__ import absolute_import
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from datetime import datetime
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from django.core.exceptions import ObjectDoesNotExist
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from django.db.models.fields import FieldDoesNotExist
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from django.test import TestCase, skipIfDBFeature, skipUnlessDBFeature
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from .models import Article
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class ModelTest(TestCase):
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def test_lookup(self):
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# No articles are in the system yet.
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all(), [])
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# Create an Article.
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a = Article(
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id=None,
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headline='Area man programs in Python',
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pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 28),
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)
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# Save it into the database. You have to call save() explicitly.
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a.save()
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# Now it has an ID.
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self.assertTrue(a.id != None)
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# Models have a pk property that is an alias for the primary key
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# attribute (by default, the 'id' attribute).
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self.assertEqual(a.pk, a.id)
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# Access database columns via Python attributes.
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self.assertEqual(a.headline, 'Area man programs in Python')
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self.assertEqual(a.pub_date, datetime(2005, 7, 28, 0, 0))
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# Change values by changing the attributes, then calling save().
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a.headline = 'Area woman programs in Python'
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a.save()
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# Article.objects.all() returns all the articles in the database.
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all(),
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['<Article: Area woman programs in Python>'])
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# Django provides a rich database lookup API.
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self.assertEqual(Article.objects.get(id__exact=a.id), a)
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self.assertEqual(Article.objects.get(headline__startswith='Area woman'), a)
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self.assertEqual(Article.objects.get(pub_date__year=2005), a)
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self.assertEqual(Article.objects.get(pub_date__year=2005, pub_date__month=7), a)
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self.assertEqual(Article.objects.get(pub_date__year=2005, pub_date__month=7, pub_date__day=28), a)
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self.assertEqual(Article.objects.get(pub_date__week_day=5), a)
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# The "__exact" lookup type can be omitted, as a shortcut.
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self.assertEqual(Article.objects.get(id=a.id), a)
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self.assertEqual(Article.objects.get(headline='Area woman programs in Python'), a)
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(
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Article.objects.filter(pub_date__year=2005),
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['<Article: Area woman programs in Python>'],
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)
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(
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Article.objects.filter(pub_date__year=2004),
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[],
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)
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(
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Article.objects.filter(pub_date__year=2005, pub_date__month=7),
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['<Article: Area woman programs in Python>'],
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)
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(
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Article.objects.filter(pub_date__week_day=5),
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['<Article: Area woman programs in Python>'],
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)
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(
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Article.objects.filter(pub_date__week_day=6),
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[],
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)
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# Django raises an Article.DoesNotExist exception for get() if the
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# parameters don't match any object.
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self.assertRaisesRegexp(
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ObjectDoesNotExist,
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"Article matching query does not exist.",
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Article.objects.get,
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id__exact=2000,
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)
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self.assertRaisesRegexp(
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ObjectDoesNotExist,
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"Article matching query does not exist.",
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Article.objects.get,
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pub_date__year=2005,
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pub_date__month=8,
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)
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self.assertRaisesRegexp(
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ObjectDoesNotExist,
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"Article matching query does not exist.",
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Article.objects.get,
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pub_date__week_day=6,
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)
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# Lookup by a primary key is the most common case, so Django
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# provides a shortcut for primary-key exact lookups.
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# The following is identical to articles.get(id=a.id).
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self.assertEqual(Article.objects.get(pk=a.id), a)
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# pk can be used as a shortcut for the primary key name in any query.
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.filter(pk__in=[a.id]),
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["<Article: Area woman programs in Python>"])
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# Model instances of the same type and same ID are considered equal.
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a = Article.objects.get(pk=a.id)
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b = Article.objects.get(pk=a.id)
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self.assertEqual(a, b)
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def test_object_creation(self):
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# Create an Article.
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a = Article(
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id=None,
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headline='Area man programs in Python',
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pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 28),
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)
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# Save it into the database. You have to call save() explicitly.
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a.save()
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# You can initialize a model instance using positional arguments,
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# which should match the field order as defined in the model.
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a2 = Article(None, 'Second article', datetime(2005, 7, 29))
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a2.save()
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self.assertNotEqual(a2.id, a.id)
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self.assertEqual(a2.headline, 'Second article')
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self.assertEqual(a2.pub_date, datetime(2005, 7, 29, 0, 0))
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# ...or, you can use keyword arguments.
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a3 = Article(
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id=None,
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headline='Third article',
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pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 30),
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)
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a3.save()
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self.assertNotEqual(a3.id, a.id)
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self.assertNotEqual(a3.id, a2.id)
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self.assertEqual(a3.headline, 'Third article')
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self.assertEqual(a3.pub_date, datetime(2005, 7, 30, 0, 0))
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# You can also mix and match position and keyword arguments, but
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# be sure not to duplicate field information.
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a4 = Article(None, 'Fourth article', pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 31))
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a4.save()
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self.assertEqual(a4.headline, 'Fourth article')
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# Don't use invalid keyword arguments.
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self.assertRaisesRegexp(
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TypeError,
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"'foo' is an invalid keyword argument for this function",
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Article,
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id=None,
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headline='Invalid',
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pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 31),
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foo='bar',
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)
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# You can leave off the value for an AutoField when creating an
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# object, because it'll get filled in automatically when you save().
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a5 = Article(headline='Article 6', pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 31))
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a5.save()
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self.assertEqual(a5.headline, 'Article 6')
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# If you leave off a field with "default" set, Django will use
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# the default.
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a6 = Article(pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 31))
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a6.save()
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self.assertEqual(a6.headline, u'Default headline')
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# For DateTimeFields, Django saves as much precision (in seconds)
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# as you give it.
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a7 = Article(
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headline='Article 7',
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pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 31, 12, 30),
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)
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a7.save()
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self.assertEqual(Article.objects.get(id__exact=a7.id).pub_date,
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datetime(2005, 7, 31, 12, 30))
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a8 = Article(
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headline='Article 8',
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pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 31, 12, 30, 45),
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)
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a8.save()
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self.assertEqual(Article.objects.get(id__exact=a8.id).pub_date,
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datetime(2005, 7, 31, 12, 30, 45))
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# Saving an object again doesn't create a new object -- it just saves
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# the old one.
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current_id = a8.id
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a8.save()
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self.assertEqual(a8.id, current_id)
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a8.headline = 'Updated article 8'
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a8.save()
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self.assertEqual(a8.id, current_id)
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# Check that != and == operators behave as expecte on instances
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self.assertTrue(a7 != a8)
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self.assertFalse(a7 == a8)
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self.assertEqual(a8, Article.objects.get(id__exact=a8.id))
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self.assertTrue(Article.objects.get(id__exact=a8.id) != Article.objects.get(id__exact=a7.id))
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self.assertFalse(Article.objects.get(id__exact=a8.id) == Article.objects.get(id__exact=a7.id))
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# You can use 'in' to test for membership...
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self.assertTrue(a8 in Article.objects.all())
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# ... but there will often be more efficient ways if that is all you need:
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self.assertTrue(Article.objects.filter(id=a8.id).exists())
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# dates() returns a list of available dates of the given scope for
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# the given field.
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(
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Article.objects.dates('pub_date', 'year'),
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["datetime.datetime(2005, 1, 1, 0, 0)"])
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(
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Article.objects.dates('pub_date', 'month'),
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["datetime.datetime(2005, 7, 1, 0, 0)"])
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(
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Article.objects.dates('pub_date', 'day'),
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["datetime.datetime(2005, 7, 28, 0, 0)",
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"datetime.datetime(2005, 7, 29, 0, 0)",
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"datetime.datetime(2005, 7, 30, 0, 0)",
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"datetime.datetime(2005, 7, 31, 0, 0)"])
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(
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Article.objects.dates('pub_date', 'day', order='ASC'),
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["datetime.datetime(2005, 7, 28, 0, 0)",
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"datetime.datetime(2005, 7, 29, 0, 0)",
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"datetime.datetime(2005, 7, 30, 0, 0)",
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"datetime.datetime(2005, 7, 31, 0, 0)"])
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(
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Article.objects.dates('pub_date', 'day', order='DESC'),
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["datetime.datetime(2005, 7, 31, 0, 0)",
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"datetime.datetime(2005, 7, 30, 0, 0)",
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"datetime.datetime(2005, 7, 29, 0, 0)",
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"datetime.datetime(2005, 7, 28, 0, 0)"])
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# dates() requires valid arguments.
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self.assertRaisesRegexp(
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TypeError,
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"dates\(\) takes at least 3 arguments \(1 given\)",
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Article.objects.dates,
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)
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self.assertRaisesRegexp(
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FieldDoesNotExist,
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"Article has no field named 'invalid_field'",
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Article.objects.dates,
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"invalid_field",
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"year",
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)
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self.assertRaisesRegexp(
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AssertionError,
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"'kind' must be one of 'year', 'month' or 'day'.",
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Article.objects.dates,
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"pub_date",
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"bad_kind",
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)
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self.assertRaisesRegexp(
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AssertionError,
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"'order' must be either 'ASC' or 'DESC'.",
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Article.objects.dates,
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"pub_date",
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"year",
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order="bad order",
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)
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# Use iterator() with dates() to return a generator that lazily
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# requests each result one at a time, to save memory.
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dates = []
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for article in Article.objects.dates('pub_date', 'day', order='DESC').iterator():
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dates.append(article)
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self.assertEqual(dates, [
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datetime(2005, 7, 31, 0, 0),
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datetime(2005, 7, 30, 0, 0),
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datetime(2005, 7, 29, 0, 0),
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datetime(2005, 7, 28, 0, 0)])
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# You can combine queries with & and |.
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s1 = Article.objects.filter(id__exact=a.id)
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s2 = Article.objects.filter(id__exact=a2.id)
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(s1 | s2,
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["<Article: Area man programs in Python>",
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"<Article: Second article>"])
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(s1 & s2, [])
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# You can get the number of objects like this:
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self.assertEqual(len(Article.objects.filter(id__exact=a.id)), 1)
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# You can get items using index and slice notation.
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self.assertEqual(Article.objects.all()[0], a)
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all()[1:3],
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["<Article: Second article>", "<Article: Third article>"])
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s3 = Article.objects.filter(id__exact=a3.id)
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self.assertQuerysetEqual((s1 | s2 | s3)[::2],
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["<Article: Area man programs in Python>",
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"<Article: Third article>"])
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# Slicing works with longs.
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self.assertEqual(Article.objects.all()[0L], a)
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all()[1L:3L],
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["<Article: Second article>", "<Article: Third article>"])
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self.assertQuerysetEqual((s1 | s2 | s3)[::2L],
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["<Article: Area man programs in Python>",
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"<Article: Third article>"])
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# And can be mixed with ints.
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all()[1:3L],
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["<Article: Second article>", "<Article: Third article>"])
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# Slices (without step) are lazy:
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all()[0:5].filter(),
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["<Article: Area man programs in Python>",
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"<Article: Second article>",
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"<Article: Third article>",
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"<Article: Article 6>",
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"<Article: Default headline>"])
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# Slicing again works:
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all()[0:5][0:2],
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["<Article: Area man programs in Python>",
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"<Article: Second article>"])
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all()[0:5][:2],
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["<Article: Area man programs in Python>",
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"<Article: Second article>"])
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all()[0:5][4:],
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["<Article: Default headline>"])
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all()[0:5][5:], [])
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# Some more tests!
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all()[2:][0:2],
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["<Article: Third article>", "<Article: Article 6>"])
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all()[2:][:2],
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["<Article: Third article>", "<Article: Article 6>"])
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all()[2:][2:3],
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["<Article: Default headline>"])
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# Using an offset without a limit is also possible.
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all()[5:],
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["<Article: Fourth article>",
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"<Article: Article 7>",
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"<Article: Updated article 8>"])
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# Also, once you have sliced you can't filter, re-order or combine
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self.assertRaisesRegexp(
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AssertionError,
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"Cannot filter a query once a slice has been taken.",
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Article.objects.all()[0:5].filter,
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id=a.id,
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)
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self.assertRaisesRegexp(
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AssertionError,
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"Cannot reorder a query once a slice has been taken.",
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Article.objects.all()[0:5].order_by,
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'id',
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)
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try:
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Article.objects.all()[0:1] & Article.objects.all()[4:5]
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self.fail('Should raise an AssertionError')
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except AssertionError, e:
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self.assertEqual(str(e), "Cannot combine queries once a slice has been taken.")
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except Exception, e:
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self.fail('Should raise an AssertionError, not %s' % e)
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# Negative slices are not supported, due to database constraints.
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# (hint: inverting your ordering might do what you need).
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try:
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Article.objects.all()[-1]
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self.fail('Should raise an AssertionError')
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except AssertionError, e:
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self.assertEqual(str(e), "Negative indexing is not supported.")
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except Exception, e:
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self.fail('Should raise an AssertionError, not %s' % e)
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error = None
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try:
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Article.objects.all()[0:-5]
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except Exception, e:
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error = e
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self.assertTrue(isinstance(error, AssertionError))
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self.assertEqual(str(error), "Negative indexing is not supported.")
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# An Article instance doesn't have access to the "objects" attribute.
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# That's only available on the class.
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self.assertRaisesRegexp(
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AttributeError,
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"Manager isn't accessible via Article instances",
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getattr,
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a7,
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"objects",
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)
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# Bulk delete test: How many objects before and after the delete?
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all(),
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["<Article: Area man programs in Python>",
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"<Article: Second article>",
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"<Article: Third article>",
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"<Article: Article 6>",
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"<Article: Default headline>",
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"<Article: Fourth article>",
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"<Article: Article 7>",
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"<Article: Updated article 8>"])
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Article.objects.filter(id__lte=a4.id).delete()
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all(),
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["<Article: Article 6>",
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"<Article: Default headline>",
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"<Article: Article 7>",
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"<Article: Updated article 8>"])
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@skipUnlessDBFeature('supports_microsecond_precision')
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def test_microsecond_precision(self):
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# In PostgreSQL, microsecond-level precision is available.
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a9 = Article(
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headline='Article 9',
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pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 31, 12, 30, 45, 180),
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)
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a9.save()
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self.assertEqual(Article.objects.get(pk=a9.pk).pub_date,
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datetime(2005, 7, 31, 12, 30, 45, 180))
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@skipIfDBFeature('supports_microsecond_precision')
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def test_microsecond_precision_not_supported(self):
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# In MySQL, microsecond-level precision isn't available. You'll lose
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# microsecond-level precision once the data is saved.
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a9 = Article(
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headline='Article 9',
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pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 31, 12, 30, 45, 180),
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)
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a9.save()
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self.assertEqual(Article.objects.get(id__exact=a9.id).pub_date,
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datetime(2005, 7, 31, 12, 30, 45))
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def test_manually_specify_primary_key(self):
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# You can manually specify the primary key when creating a new object.
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a101 = Article(
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id=101,
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headline='Article 101',
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pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 31, 12, 30, 45),
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)
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a101.save()
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a101 = Article.objects.get(pk=101)
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self.assertEqual(a101.headline, u'Article 101')
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def test_create_method(self):
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# You can create saved objects in a single step
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a10 = Article.objects.create(
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headline="Article 10",
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pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 31, 12, 30, 45),
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)
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self.assertEqual(Article.objects.get(headline="Article 10"), a10)
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def test_year_lookup_edge_case(self):
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# Edge-case test: A year lookup should retrieve all objects in
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# the given year, including Jan. 1 and Dec. 31.
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a11 = Article.objects.create(
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headline='Article 11',
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pub_date=datetime(2008, 1, 1),
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)
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a12 = Article.objects.create(
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headline='Article 12',
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pub_date=datetime(2008, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59, 999999),
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)
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self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.filter(pub_date__year=2008),
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["<Article: Article 11>", "<Article: Article 12>"])
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def test_unicode_data(self):
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# Unicode data works, too.
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|
a = Article(
|
|
headline=u'\u6797\u539f \u3081\u3050\u307f',
|
|
pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 28),
|
|
)
|
|
a.save()
|
|
self.assertEqual(Article.objects.get(pk=a.id).headline,
|
|
u'\u6797\u539f \u3081\u3050\u307f')
|
|
|
|
def test_hash_function(self):
|
|
# Model instances have a hash function, so they can be used in sets
|
|
# or as dictionary keys. Two models compare as equal if their primary
|
|
# keys are equal.
|
|
a10 = Article.objects.create(
|
|
headline="Article 10",
|
|
pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 31, 12, 30, 45),
|
|
)
|
|
a11 = Article.objects.create(
|
|
headline='Article 11',
|
|
pub_date=datetime(2008, 1, 1),
|
|
)
|
|
a12 = Article.objects.create(
|
|
headline='Article 12',
|
|
pub_date=datetime(2008, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59, 999999),
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
s = set([a10, a11, a12])
|
|
self.assertTrue(Article.objects.get(headline='Article 11') in s)
|
|
|
|
def test_extra_method_select_argument_with_dashes_and_values(self):
|
|
# The 'select' argument to extra() supports names with dashes in
|
|
# them, as long as you use values().
|
|
a10 = Article.objects.create(
|
|
headline="Article 10",
|
|
pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 31, 12, 30, 45),
|
|
)
|
|
a11 = Article.objects.create(
|
|
headline='Article 11',
|
|
pub_date=datetime(2008, 1, 1),
|
|
)
|
|
a12 = Article.objects.create(
|
|
headline='Article 12',
|
|
pub_date=datetime(2008, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59, 999999),
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
dicts = Article.objects.filter(
|
|
pub_date__year=2008).extra(
|
|
select={'dashed-value': '1'}
|
|
).values('headline', 'dashed-value')
|
|
self.assertEqual([sorted(d.items()) for d in dicts],
|
|
[[('dashed-value', 1), ('headline', u'Article 11')], [('dashed-value', 1), ('headline', u'Article 12')]])
|
|
|
|
def test_extra_method_select_argument_with_dashes(self):
|
|
# If you use 'select' with extra() and names containing dashes on a
|
|
# query that's *not* a values() query, those extra 'select' values
|
|
# will silently be ignored.
|
|
a10 = Article.objects.create(
|
|
headline="Article 10",
|
|
pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 31, 12, 30, 45),
|
|
)
|
|
a11 = Article.objects.create(
|
|
headline='Article 11',
|
|
pub_date=datetime(2008, 1, 1),
|
|
)
|
|
a12 = Article.objects.create(
|
|
headline='Article 12',
|
|
pub_date=datetime(2008, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59, 999999),
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
articles = Article.objects.filter(
|
|
pub_date__year=2008).extra(
|
|
select={'dashed-value': '1', 'undashedvalue': '2'})
|
|
self.assertEqual(articles[0].undashedvalue, 2)
|