Add support for cgroup namespace

Cgroup namespace can be configured in `config.json` as other
namespaces. Here is an example:

```
"namespaces": [
	{
		"type": "pid"
	},
	{
		"type": "network"
	},
	{
		"type": "ipc"
	},
	{
		"type": "uts"
	},
	{
		"type": "mount"
	},
	{
		"type": "cgroup"
	}
],

```

Note that if you want to run a container which has shared cgroup ns with
another container, then it's strongly recommended that you set
proper `CgroupsPath` of both containers(the second container's cgroup
path must be the subdirectory of the first one). Or there might be
some unexpected results.

Signed-off-by: Yuanhong Peng <pengyuanhong@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Crosby <crosbymichael@gmail.com>

libcontainer/README.md

@@ -148,6 +148,7 @@ config := &configs.Config{
 		{Type: configs.NEWPID},
 		{Type: configs.NEWUSER},
 		{Type: configs.NEWNET},
+		{Type: configs.NEWCGROUP},
 	}),
 	Cgroups: &configs.Cgroup{
 		Name:   "test-container",

libcontainer/SPEC.md

@@ -21,16 +21,17 @@ Minimum requirements:
 
 ### Namespaces
 
-|     Flag      | Enabled | 
-| ------------  | ------- |
-| CLONE_NEWPID  |    1    |
-| CLONE_NEWUTS  |    1    |
-| CLONE_NEWIPC  |    1    |
-| CLONE_NEWNET  |    1    |
-| CLONE_NEWNS   |    1    |
-| CLONE_NEWUSER |    1    |
+|     Flag        | Enabled |
+| --------------- | ------- |
+| CLONE_NEWPID    |    1    |
+| CLONE_NEWUTS    |    1    |
+| CLONE_NEWIPC    |    1    |
+| CLONE_NEWNET    |    1    |
+| CLONE_NEWNS     |    1    |
+| CLONE_NEWUSER   |    1    |
+| CLONE_NEWCGROUP |    1    |
 
-Namespaces are created for the container via the `clone` syscall.  
+Namespaces are created for the container via the `unshare` syscall.
 
 
 ### Filesystem

libcontainer/cgroups/utils.go

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 const (
-	cgroupNamePrefix = "name="
+	CgroupNamePrefix = "name="
 	CgroupProcesses  = "cgroup.procs"
 )
 
@@ -156,8 +156,8 @@ func getCgroupMountsHelper(ss map[string]bool, mi io.Reader, all bool) ([]Mount,
 				continue
 			}
 			ss[opt] = true
-			if strings.HasPrefix(opt, cgroupNamePrefix) {
-				opt = opt[len(cgroupNamePrefix):]
+			if strings.HasPrefix(opt, CgroupNamePrefix) {
+				opt = opt[len(CgroupNamePrefix):]
 			}
 			m.Subsystems = append(m.Subsystems, opt)
 			numFound++
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ func getControllerPath(subsystem string, cgroups map[string]string) (string, err
 		return p, nil
 	}
 
-	if p, ok := cgroups[cgroupNamePrefix+subsystem]; ok {
+	if p, ok := cgroups[CgroupNamePrefix+subsystem]; ok {
 		return p, nil
 	}
 

libcontainer/configs/namespaces_syscall.go

@@ -8,9 +8,6 @@ func (n *Namespace) Syscall() int {
 	return namespaceInfo[n.Type]
 }
 
-// This is not yet in the Go stdlib.
-const syscall_CLONE_NEWCGROUP = (1 << 29)
-
 var namespaceInfo = map[NamespaceType]int{
 	NEWNET:    unix.CLONE_NEWNET,
 	NEWNS:     unix.CLONE_NEWNS,
@@ -18,7 +15,7 @@ var namespaceInfo = map[NamespaceType]int{
 	NEWIPC:    unix.CLONE_NEWIPC,
 	NEWUTS:    unix.CLONE_NEWUTS,
 	NEWPID:    unix.CLONE_NEWPID,
-	NEWCGROUP: syscall_CLONE_NEWCGROUP,
+	NEWCGROUP: unix.CLONE_NEWCGROUP,
 }
 
 // CloneFlags parses the container's Namespaces options to set the correct

libcontainer/configs/validate/validator.go

@@ -38,6 +38,9 @@ func (v *ConfigValidator) Validate(config *configs.Config) error {
 	if err := v.usernamespace(config); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
+	if err := v.cgroupnamespace(config); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
 	if err := v.sysctl(config); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -116,6 +119,15 @@ func (v *ConfigValidator) usernamespace(config *configs.Config) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+func (v *ConfigValidator) cgroupnamespace(config *configs.Config) error {
+	if config.Namespaces.Contains(configs.NEWCGROUP) {
+		if _, err := os.Stat("/proc/self/ns/cgroup"); os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("cgroup namespaces aren't enabled in the kernel")
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 // sysctl validates that the specified sysctl keys are valid or not.
 // /proc/sys isn't completely namespaced and depending on which namespaces
 // are specified, a subset of sysctls are permitted.

libcontainer/container_linux.go

@@ -1745,7 +1745,6 @@ func (c *linuxContainer) currentState() (*State, error) {
 // can setns in order.
 func (c *linuxContainer) orderNamespacePaths(namespaces map[configs.NamespaceType]string) ([]string, error) {
 	paths := []string{}
-
 	for _, ns := range configs.NamespaceTypes() {
 
 		// Remove namespaces that we don't need to join.

libcontainer/integration/exec_test.go

@@ -1776,3 +1776,60 @@ func TestTmpfsCopyUp(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("/etc/passwd not copied up as expected: %v", outputLs)
 	}
 }
+
+func TestCGROUPPrivate(t *testing.T) {
+	if _, err := os.Stat("/proc/self/ns/cgroup"); os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		t.Skip("cgroupns is unsupported")
+	}
+	if testing.Short() {
+		return
+	}
+
+	rootfs, err := newRootfs()
+	ok(t, err)
+	defer remove(rootfs)
+
+	l, err := os.Readlink("/proc/1/ns/cgroup")
+	ok(t, err)
+
+	config := newTemplateConfig(rootfs)
+	config.Namespaces.Add(configs.NEWCGROUP, "")
+	buffers, exitCode, err := runContainer(config, "", "readlink", "/proc/self/ns/cgroup")
+	ok(t, err)
+
+	if exitCode != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("exit code not 0. code %d stderr %q", exitCode, buffers.Stderr)
+	}
+
+	if actual := strings.Trim(buffers.Stdout.String(), "\n"); actual == l {
+		t.Fatalf("cgroup link should be private to the container but equals host %q %q", actual, l)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCGROUPHost(t *testing.T) {
+	if _, err := os.Stat("/proc/self/ns/cgroup"); os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		t.Skip("cgroupns is unsupported")
+	}
+	if testing.Short() {
+		return
+	}
+
+	rootfs, err := newRootfs()
+	ok(t, err)
+	defer remove(rootfs)
+
+	l, err := os.Readlink("/proc/1/ns/cgroup")
+	ok(t, err)
+
+	config := newTemplateConfig(rootfs)
+	buffers, exitCode, err := runContainer(config, "", "readlink", "/proc/self/ns/cgroup")
+	ok(t, err)
+
+	if exitCode != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("exit code not 0. code %d stderr %q", exitCode, buffers.Stderr)
+	}
+
+	if actual := strings.Trim(buffers.Stdout.String(), "\n"); actual != l {
+		t.Fatalf("cgroup link not equal to host link %q %q", actual, l)
+	}
+}

libcontainer/nsenter/nsexec.c

@@ -42,6 +42,12 @@ enum sync_t {
 	SYNC_ERR = 0xFF,	/* Fatal error, no turning back. The error code follows. */
 };
 
+/*
+ * Synchronisation value for cgroup namespace setup.
+ * The same constant is defined in process_linux.go as "createCgroupns".
+ */
+#define CREATECGROUPNS 0x80
+
 /* longjmp() arguments. */
 #define JUMP_PARENT 0x00
 #define JUMP_CHILD  0xA0
@@ -640,7 +646,6 @@ void nsexec(void)
 	case JUMP_PARENT:{
 			int len;
 			pid_t child, first_child = -1;
-			char buf[JSON_MAX];
 			bool ready = false;
 
 			/* For debugging. */
@@ -716,6 +721,18 @@ void nsexec(void)
 							kill(child, SIGKILL);
 							bail("failed to sync with child: write(SYNC_RECVPID_ACK)");
 						}
+
+						/* Send the init_func pid back to our parent.
+						 *
+						 * Send the init_func pid and the pid of the first child back to our parent.
+						 * We need to send both back because we can't reap the first child we created (CLONE_PARENT).
+						 * It becomes the responsibility of our parent to reap the first child.
+						 */
+						len = dprintf(pipenum, "{\"pid\": %d, \"pid_first\": %d}\n", child, first_child);
+						if (len < 0) {
+							kill(child, SIGKILL);
+							bail("unable to generate JSON for child pid");
+						}
 					}
 					break;
 				case SYNC_CHILD_READY:
@@ -759,23 +776,6 @@ void nsexec(void)
 					bail("unexpected sync value: %u", s);
 				}
 			}
-
-			/*
-			 * Send the init_func pid and the pid of the first child back to our parent.
-			 *
-			 * We need to send both back because we can't reap the first child we created (CLONE_PARENT).
-			 * It becomes the responsibility of our parent to reap the first child.
-			 */
-			len = snprintf(buf, JSON_MAX, "{\"pid\": %d, \"pid_first\": %d}\n", child, first_child);
-			if (len < 0) {
-				kill(child, SIGKILL);
-				bail("unable to generate JSON for child pid");
-			}
-			if (write(pipenum, buf, len) != len) {
-				kill(child, SIGKILL);
-				bail("unable to send child pid to bootstrapper");
-			}
-
 			exit(0);
 		}
 
@@ -862,14 +862,17 @@ void nsexec(void)
 				if (setresuid(0, 0, 0) < 0)
 					bail("failed to become root in user namespace");
 			}
-
 			/*
-			 * Unshare all of the namespaces. Note that we don't merge this
-			 * with clone() because there were some old kernel versions where
-			 * clone(CLONE_PARENT | CLONE_NEWPID) was broken, so we'll just do
-			 * it the long way.
+			 * Unshare all of the namespaces. Now, it should be noted that this
+			 * ordering might break in the future (especially with rootless
+			 * containers). But for now, it's not possible to split this into
+			 * CLONE_NEWUSER + [the rest] because of some RHEL SELinux issues.
+			 *
+			 * Note that we don't merge this with clone() because there were
+			 * some old kernel versions where clone(CLONE_PARENT | CLONE_NEWPID)
+			 * was broken, so we'll just do it the long way anyway.
 			 */
-			if (unshare(config.cloneflags) < 0)
+			if (unshare(config.cloneflags & ~CLONE_NEWCGROUP) < 0)
 				bail("failed to unshare namespaces");
 
 			/*
@@ -958,6 +961,18 @@ void nsexec(void)
 					bail("setgroups failed");
 			}
 
+			/* ... wait until our topmost parent has finished cgroup setup in p.manager.Apply() ... */
+			if (config.cloneflags & CLONE_NEWCGROUP) {
+				uint8_t value;
+				if (read(pipenum, &value, sizeof(value)) != sizeof(value))
+					bail("read synchronisation value failed");
+				if (value == CREATECGROUPNS) {
+					if (unshare(CLONE_NEWCGROUP) < 0)
+						bail("failed to unshare cgroup namespace");
+				} else
+					bail("received unknown synchronisation value");
+			}
+
 			s = SYNC_CHILD_READY;
 			if (write(syncfd, &s, sizeof(s)) != sizeof(s))
 				bail("failed to sync with patent: write(SYNC_CHILD_READY)");

libcontainer/process_linux.go

@@ -22,6 +22,10 @@ import (
 	"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
 )
 
+// Synchronisation value for cgroup namespace setup.
+// The same constant is defined in nsexec.c as "CREATECGROUPNS".
+const createCgroupns = 0x80
+
 type parentProcess interface {
 	// pid returns the pid for the running process.
 	pid() int
@@ -225,12 +229,17 @@ func (p *initProcess) externalDescriptors() []string {
 	return p.fds
 }
 
-// execSetns runs the process that executes C code to perform the setns calls
-// because setns support requires the C process to fork off a child and perform the setns
-// before the go runtime boots, we wait on the process to die and receive the child's pid
-// over the provided pipe.
-// This is called by initProcess.start function
-func (p *initProcess) execSetns() error {
+// getChildPid receives the final child's pid over the provided pipe.
+func (p *initProcess) getChildPid() (int, error) {
+	var pid pid
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(p.parentPipe).Decode(&pid); err != nil {
+		p.cmd.Wait()
+		return -1, err
+	}
+	return pid.Pid, nil
+}
+
+func (p *initProcess) waitForChildExit(childPid int) error {
 	status, err := p.cmd.Process.Wait()
 	if err != nil {
 		p.cmd.Wait()
@@ -240,22 +249,8 @@ func (p *initProcess) execSetns() error {
 		p.cmd.Wait()
 		return &exec.ExitError{ProcessState: status}
 	}
-	var pid *pid
-	if err := json.NewDecoder(p.parentPipe).Decode(&pid); err != nil {
-		p.cmd.Wait()
-		return err
-	}
 
-	// Clean up the zombie parent process
-	firstChildProcess, err := os.FindProcess(pid.PidFirstChild)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	// Ignore the error in case the child has already been reaped for any reason
-	_, _ = firstChildProcess.Wait()
-
-	process, err := os.FindProcess(pid.Pid)
+	process, err := os.FindProcess(childPid)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -297,19 +292,47 @@ func (p *initProcess) start() error {
 	if _, err := io.Copy(p.parentPipe, p.bootstrapData); err != nil {
 		return newSystemErrorWithCause(err, "copying bootstrap data to pipe")
 	}
-
-	if err := p.execSetns(); err != nil {
-		return newSystemErrorWithCause(err, "running exec setns process for init")
+	childPid, err := p.getChildPid()
+	if err != nil {
+		return newSystemErrorWithCause(err, "getting the final child's pid from pipe")
 	}
 
 	// Save the standard descriptor names before the container process
 	// can potentially move them (e.g., via dup2()).  If we don't do this now,
 	// we won't know at checkpoint time which file descriptor to look up.
-	fds, err := getPipeFds(p.pid())
+	fds, err := getPipeFds(childPid)
 	if err != nil {
-		return newSystemErrorWithCausef(err, "getting pipe fds for pid %d", p.pid())
+		return newSystemErrorWithCausef(err, "getting pipe fds for pid %d", childPid)
 	}
 	p.setExternalDescriptors(fds)
+	// Do this before syncing with child so that no children
+	// can escape the cgroup
+	if err := p.manager.Apply(childPid); err != nil {
+		return newSystemErrorWithCause(err, "applying cgroup configuration for process")
+	}
+	if p.intelRdtManager != nil {
+		if err := p.intelRdtManager.Apply(childPid); err != nil {
+			return newSystemErrorWithCause(err, "applying Intel RDT configuration for process")
+		}
+	}
+	// Now it's time to setup cgroup namesapce
+	if p.config.Config.Namespaces.Contains(configs.NEWCGROUP) && p.config.Config.Namespaces.PathOf(configs.NEWCGROUP) == "" {
+		if _, err := p.parentPipe.Write([]byte{createCgroupns}); err != nil {
+			return newSystemErrorWithCause(err, "sending synchronization value to init process")
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Wait for our first child to exit
+	if err := p.waitForChildExit(childPid); err != nil {
+		return newSystemErrorWithCause(err, "waiting for our first child to exit")
+	}
+
+	defer func() {
+		if err != nil {
+			// TODO: should not be the responsibility to call here
+			p.manager.Destroy()
+		}
+	}()
 	if err := p.createNetworkInterfaces(); err != nil {
 		return newSystemErrorWithCause(err, "creating network interfaces")
 	}

libcontainer/rootfs_linux.go

@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ func prepareRootfs(pipe io.ReadWriter, iConfig *initConfig) (err error) {
 		return newSystemErrorWithCause(err, "preparing rootfs")
 	}
 
+	hasCgroupns := config.Namespaces.Contains(configs.NEWCGROUP)
 	setupDev := needsSetupDev(config)
 	for _, m := range config.Mounts {
 		for _, precmd := range m.PremountCmds {
@@ -53,8 +54,7 @@ func prepareRootfs(pipe io.ReadWriter, iConfig *initConfig) (err error) {
 				return newSystemErrorWithCause(err, "running premount command")
 			}
 		}
-
-		if err := mountToRootfs(m, config.Rootfs, config.MountLabel); err != nil {
+		if err := mountToRootfs(m, config.Rootfs, config.MountLabel, hasCgroupns); err != nil {
 			return newSystemErrorWithCausef(err, "mounting %q to rootfs %q at %q", m.Source, config.Rootfs, m.Destination)
 		}
 
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ func mountCmd(cmd configs.Command) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-func mountToRootfs(m *configs.Mount, rootfs, mountLabel string) error {
+func mountToRootfs(m *configs.Mount, rootfs, mountLabel string, enableCgroupns bool) error {
 	var (
 		dest = m.Destination
 	)
@@ -319,12 +319,33 @@ func mountToRootfs(m *configs.Mount, rootfs, mountLabel string) error {
 			Data:             "mode=755",
 			PropagationFlags: m.PropagationFlags,
 		}
-		if err := mountToRootfs(tmpfs, rootfs, mountLabel); err != nil {
+		if err := mountToRootfs(tmpfs, rootfs, mountLabel, enableCgroupns); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 		for _, b := range binds {
-			if err := mountToRootfs(b, rootfs, mountLabel); err != nil {
-				return err
+			if enableCgroupns {
+				subsystemPath := filepath.Join(rootfs, b.Destination)
+				if err := os.MkdirAll(subsystemPath, 0755); err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+				flags := defaultMountFlags
+				if m.Flags&unix.MS_RDONLY != 0 {
+					flags = flags | unix.MS_RDONLY
+				}
+				cgroupmount := &configs.Mount{
+					Source:      "cgroup",
+					Device:      "cgroup",
+					Destination: subsystemPath,
+					Flags:       flags,
+					Data:        filepath.Base(subsystemPath),
+				}
+				if err := mountNewCgroup(cgroupmount); err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+			} else {
+				if err := mountToRootfs(b, rootfs, mountLabel, enableCgroupns); err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
 			}
 		}
 		for _, mc := range merged {
@@ -862,3 +883,18 @@ func mountPropagate(m *configs.Mount, rootfs string, mountLabel string) error {
 	}
 	return nil
 }
+
+func mountNewCgroup(m *configs.Mount) error {
+	var (
+		data   = m.Data
+		source = m.Source
+	)
+	if data == "systemd" {
+		data = cgroups.CgroupNamePrefix + data
+		source = "systemd"
+	}
+	if err := unix.Mount(source, m.Destination, m.Device, uintptr(m.Flags), data); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}