test_ok1/doc/en/reference.rst

Reference
=========

This page contains the full reference to pytest's API.

.. contents::
    :depth: 3
    :local:

Functions
---------

pytest.approx
~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. autofunction:: _pytest.python_api.approx

pytest.fail
~~~~~~~~~~~

**Tutorial**: :ref:`skipping`

.. autofunction:: _pytest.outcomes.fail

pytest.skip
~~~~~~~~~~~

.. autofunction:: _pytest.outcomes.skip(msg, [allow_module_level=False])

pytest.importorskip
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. autofunction:: _pytest.outcomes.importorskip

pytest.xfail
~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. autofunction:: _pytest.outcomes.xfail

pytest.exit
~~~~~~~~~~~

.. autofunction:: _pytest.outcomes.exit

pytest.main
~~~~~~~~~~~

.. autofunction:: _pytest.config.main

pytest.param
~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. autofunction:: pytest.param(*values, [id], [marks])

pytest.raises
~~~~~~~~~~~~~

**Tutorial**: :ref:`assertraises`.

.. autofunction:: pytest.raises(expected_exception: Exception, [match], [message])
    :with: excinfo

pytest.deprecated_call
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

**Tutorial**: :ref:`ensuring_function_triggers`.

.. autofunction:: pytest.deprecated_call()
    :with:

pytest.register_assert_rewrite
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

**Tutorial**: :ref:`assertion-rewriting`.

.. autofunction:: pytest.register_assert_rewrite

pytest.warns
~~~~~~~~~~~~

**Tutorial**: :ref:`assertwarnings`

.. autofunction:: pytest.warns(expected_warning: Exception, [match])
    :with:


.. _`marks ref`:

Marks
-----

Marks can be used apply meta data to *test functions* (but not fixtures), which can then be accessed by
fixtures or plugins.




.. _`pytest.mark.filterwarnings ref`:

pytest.mark.filterwarnings
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

**Tutorial**: :ref:`filterwarnings`.

Add warning filters to marked test items.

.. py:function:: pytest.mark.filterwarnings(filter)

    :keyword str filter:
        A *warning specification string*, which is composed of contents of the tuple ``(action, message, category, module, lineno)``
        as specified in `The Warnings filter <https://docs.python.org/3/library/warnings.html#warning-filter>`_ section of
        the Python documentation, separated by ``":"``. Optional fields can be omitted.

        For example:

        .. code-block:: python

            @pytest.mark.warnings("ignore:.*usage will be deprecated.*:DeprecationWarning")
            def test_foo():
                ...


.. _`pytest.mark.parametrize ref`:

pytest.mark.parametrize
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

**Tutorial**: :doc:`parametrize`.

.. automethod:: _pytest.python.Metafunc.parametrize


.. _`pytest.mark.skip ref`:

pytest.mark.skip
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

**Tutorial**: :ref:`skip`.

Unconditionally skip a test function.

.. py:function:: pytest.mark.skip(*, reason=None)

    :keyword str reason: Reason why the test function is being skipped.


.. _`pytest.mark.skipif ref`:

pytest.mark.skipif
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

**Tutorial**: :ref:`skipif`.

Skip a test function if a condition is ``True``.

.. py:function:: pytest.mark.skipif(condition, *, reason=None)

    :type condition: bool or str
    :param condition: ``True/False`` if the condition should be skipped or a :ref:`condition string <string conditions>`.
    :keyword str reason: Reason why the test function is being skipped.


.. _`pytest.mark.usefixtures ref`:

pytest.mark.usefixtures
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

**Tutorial**: :ref:`usefixtures`.

Mark a test function as using the given fixture names.

.. py:function:: pytest.mark.usefixtures(*names)

    :param args: the names of the fixture to use as strings


.. _`pytest.mark.xfail ref`:

pytest.mark.xfail
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

**Tutorial**: :ref:`xfail`.

Marks a test function as *expected to fail*.

.. py:function:: pytest.mark.xfail(condition=None, *, reason=None, raises=None, run=True, strict=False)

    :type condition: bool or str
    :param condition: ``True/False`` if the condition should be marked as xfail or a :ref:`condition string <string conditions>`.
    :keyword str reason: Reason why the test function is marked as xfail.
    :keyword Exception raises: Exception subclass expected to be raised by the test function; other exceptions will fail the test.
    :keyword bool run:
        If the test function should actually be executed. If ``False``, the function will always xfail and will
        not be executed (useful a function is segfaulting).
    :keyword bool strict:
        * If ``False`` (the default) the function will be shown in the terminal output as ``xfailed`` if it fails
          and as ``xpass`` if it passes. In both cases this will not cause the test suite to fail as a whole. This
          is particularly useful to mark *flaky* tests (tests that random at fail) to be tackled later.
        * If ``True``, the function will be shown in the terminal output as ``xfailed`` if it fails, but if it
          unexpectedly passes then it will **fail** the test suite. This is particularly useful to mark functions
          that are always failing and there should be a clear indication if they unexpectedly start to pass (for example
          a new release of a library fixes a known bug).


custom marks
~~~~~~~~~~~~

Marks are created dynamically using the factory object ``pytest.mark`` and applied as a decorator.

For example:

.. code-block:: python

    @pytest.mark.timeout(10, "slow", method="thread")
    def test_function():
        ...

Will create and attach a :class:`Mark <_pytest.mark.structures.Mark>` object to the collected
:class:`Item <_pytest.nodes.Item>`, which can then be accessed by fixtures or hooks with
:meth:`Node.iter_markers <_pytest.nodes.Node.iter_markers>`. The ``mark`` object will have the following attributes:

.. code-block:: python

    mark.args == (10, "slow")
    mark.kwargs == {"method": "thread"}


Fixtures
--------

**Tutorial**: :ref:`fixture`.

Fixtures are requested by test functions or other fixtures by declaring them as argument names.


Example of a test requiring a fixture:

.. code-block:: python

    def test_output(capsys):
        print("hello")
        out, err = capsys.readouterr()
        assert out == "hello\n"


Example of a fixture requiring another fixture:

.. code-block:: python

    @pytest.fixture
    def db_session(tmpdir):
        fn = tmpdir / "db.file"
        return connect(str(fn))

For more details, consult the full :ref:`fixtures docs <fixture>`.


@pytest.fixture
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. autofunction:: pytest.fixture
    :decorator:


.. _`cache-api`:

config.cache
~~~~~~~~~~~~

**Tutorial**: :ref:`cache`.

The ``config.cache`` object allows other plugins and fixtures
to store and retrieve values across test runs. To access it from fixtures
request ``pytestconfig`` into your fixture and get it with ``pytestconfig.cache``.

Under the hood, the cache plugin uses the simple
``dumps``/``loads`` API of the :py:mod:`json` stdlib module.

.. currentmodule:: _pytest.cacheprovider

.. automethod:: Cache.get
.. automethod:: Cache.set
.. automethod:: Cache.makedir


capsys
~~~~~~

**Tutorial**: :doc:`capture`.

.. currentmodule:: _pytest.capture

.. autofunction:: capsys()
    :no-auto-options:

    Returns an instance of :py:class:`CaptureFixture`.

    Example:

    .. code-block:: python

        def test_output(capsys):
            print("hello")
            captured = capsys.readouterr()
            assert captured.out == "hello\n"

.. autoclass:: CaptureFixture()
    :members:


capsysbinary
~~~~~~~~~~~~

**Tutorial**: :doc:`capture`.

.. autofunction:: capsysbinary()
    :no-auto-options:

    Returns an instance of :py:class:`CaptureFixture`.

    Example:

    .. code-block:: python

        def test_output(capsysbinary):
            print("hello")
            captured = capsysbinary.readouterr()
            assert captured.out == b"hello\n"


capfd
~~~~~~

**Tutorial**: :doc:`capture`.

.. autofunction:: capfd()
    :no-auto-options:

    Returns an instance of :py:class:`CaptureFixture`.

    Example:

    .. code-block:: python

        def test_system_echo(capfd):
            os.system('echo "hello"')
            captured = capsys.readouterr()
            assert captured.out == "hello\n"


capfdbinary
~~~~~~~~~~~~

**Tutorial**: :doc:`capture`.

.. autofunction:: capfdbinary()
    :no-auto-options:

    Returns an instance of :py:class:`CaptureFixture`.

    Example:

    .. code-block:: python

        def test_system_echo(capfdbinary):
            os.system('echo "hello"')
            captured = capfdbinary.readouterr()
            assert captured.out == b"hello\n"


doctest_namespace
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

**Tutorial**: :doc:`doctest`.

.. autofunction:: _pytest.doctest.doctest_namespace()

    Usually this fixture is used in conjunction with another ``autouse`` fixture:

    .. code-block:: python

        @pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
        def add_np(doctest_namespace):
            doctest_namespace["np"] = numpy

    For more details: :ref:`doctest_namespace`.


request
~~~~~~~

**Tutorial**: :ref:`request example`.

The ``request`` fixture is a special fixture providing information of the requesting test function.

.. autoclass:: _pytest.fixtures.FixtureRequest()
    :members:


pytestconfig
~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. autofunction:: _pytest.fixtures.pytestconfig()


record_property
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

**Tutorial**: :ref:`record_property example`.

.. autofunction:: _pytest.junitxml.record_property()

caplog
~~~~~~

**Tutorial**: :doc:`logging`.

.. autofunction:: _pytest.logging.caplog()
    :no-auto-options:

    This returns a :class:`_pytest.logging.LogCaptureFixture` instance.

.. autoclass:: _pytest.logging.LogCaptureFixture
    :members:


monkeypatch
~~~~~~~~~~~

.. currentmodule:: _pytest.monkeypatch

**Tutorial**: :doc:`monkeypatch`.

.. autofunction:: _pytest.monkeypatch.monkeypatch()
    :no-auto-options:

    This returns a :class:`MonkeyPatch` instance.

.. autoclass:: _pytest.monkeypatch.MonkeyPatch
    :members:

testdir
~~~~~~~

.. currentmodule:: _pytest.pytester

This fixture provides a :class:`Testdir` instance useful for black-box testing of test files, making it ideal to
test plugins.

To use it, include in your top-most ``conftest.py`` file::

    pytest_plugins = 'pytester'



.. autoclass:: Testdir()
    :members: runpytest,runpytest_subprocess,runpytest_inprocess,makeconftest,makepyfile

.. autoclass:: RunResult()
    :members:

.. autoclass:: LineMatcher()
    :members:


recwarn
~~~~~~~

**Tutorial**: :ref:`assertwarnings`

.. currentmodule:: _pytest.recwarn

.. autofunction:: recwarn()
    :no-auto-options:

.. autoclass:: _pytest.recwarn.WarningsRecorder()
    :members:

Each recorded warning is an instance of :class:`warnings.WarningMessage`.

.. note::
    :class:`RecordedWarning` was changed from a plain class to a namedtuple in pytest 3.1

.. note::
    ``DeprecationWarning`` and ``PendingDeprecationWarning`` are treated
    differently; see :ref:`ensuring_function_triggers`.


tmpdir
~~~~~~

**Tutorial**: :doc:`tmpdir`

.. currentmodule:: _pytest.tmpdir

.. autofunction:: tmpdir()
    :no-auto-options:


tmpdir_factory
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

**Tutorial**: :ref:`tmpdir factory example`

.. _`tmpdir factory api`:

``tmpdir_factory`` instances have the following methods:

.. currentmodule:: _pytest.tmpdir

.. automethod:: TempdirFactory.mktemp
.. automethod:: TempdirFactory.getbasetemp


.. _`hook-reference`:

Hooks
-----

**Tutorial**: :doc:`writing_plugins`.

.. currentmodule:: _pytest.hookspec

Reference to all hooks which can be implemented by :ref:`conftest.py files <localplugin>` and :ref:`plugins <plugins>`.

Bootstrapping hooks
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Bootstrapping hooks called for plugins registered early enough (internal and setuptools plugins).

.. autofunction:: pytest_load_initial_conftests
.. autofunction:: pytest_cmdline_preparse
.. autofunction:: pytest_cmdline_parse
.. autofunction:: pytest_cmdline_main

Initialization hooks
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Initialization hooks called for plugins and ``conftest.py`` files.

.. autofunction:: pytest_addoption
.. autofunction:: pytest_addhooks
.. autofunction:: pytest_configure
.. autofunction:: pytest_unconfigure
.. autofunction:: pytest_sessionstart
.. autofunction:: pytest_sessionfinish

Test running hooks
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

All runtest related hooks receive a :py:class:`pytest.Item <_pytest.main.Item>` object.

.. autofunction:: pytest_runtestloop
.. autofunction:: pytest_runtest_protocol
.. autofunction:: pytest_runtest_logstart
.. autofunction:: pytest_runtest_logfinish
.. autofunction:: pytest_runtest_setup
.. autofunction:: pytest_runtest_call
.. autofunction:: pytest_runtest_teardown
.. autofunction:: pytest_runtest_makereport

For deeper understanding you may look at the default implementation of
these hooks in :py:mod:`_pytest.runner` and maybe also
in :py:mod:`_pytest.pdb` which interacts with :py:mod:`_pytest.capture`
and its input/output capturing in order to immediately drop
into interactive debugging when a test failure occurs.

The :py:mod:`_pytest.terminal` reported specifically uses
the reporting hook to print information about a test run.

Collection hooks
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

``pytest`` calls the following hooks for collecting files and directories:

.. autofunction:: pytest_collection
.. autofunction:: pytest_ignore_collect
.. autofunction:: pytest_collect_directory
.. autofunction:: pytest_collect_file

For influencing the collection of objects in Python modules
you can use the following hook:

.. autofunction:: pytest_pycollect_makeitem
.. autofunction:: pytest_generate_tests
.. autofunction:: pytest_make_parametrize_id

After collection is complete, you can modify the order of
items, delete or otherwise amend the test items:

.. autofunction:: pytest_collection_modifyitems

Reporting hooks
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Session related reporting hooks:

.. autofunction:: pytest_collectstart
.. autofunction:: pytest_itemcollected
.. autofunction:: pytest_collectreport
.. autofunction:: pytest_deselected
.. autofunction:: pytest_report_header
.. autofunction:: pytest_report_collectionfinish
.. autofunction:: pytest_report_teststatus
.. autofunction:: pytest_terminal_summary
.. autofunction:: pytest_fixture_setup
.. autofunction:: pytest_fixture_post_finalizer

And here is the central hook for reporting about
test execution:

.. autofunction:: pytest_runtest_logreport

You can also use this hook to customize assertion representation for some
types:

.. autofunction:: pytest_assertrepr_compare


Debugging/Interaction hooks
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

There are few hooks which can be used for special
reporting or interaction with exceptions:

.. autofunction:: pytest_internalerror
.. autofunction:: pytest_keyboard_interrupt
.. autofunction:: pytest_exception_interact
.. autofunction:: pytest_enter_pdb


Objects
-------

Full reference to objects accessible from :ref:`fixtures <fixture>` or :ref:`hooks <hook-reference>`.


CallInfo
~~~~~~~~

.. autoclass:: _pytest.runner.CallInfo()
    :members:


Class
~~~~~

.. autoclass:: _pytest.python.Class()
    :members:
    :show-inheritance:

Collector
~~~~~~~~~

.. autoclass:: _pytest.nodes.Collector()
    :members:
    :show-inheritance:

Config
~~~~~~

.. autoclass:: _pytest.config.Config()
    :members:

ExceptionInfo
~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. autoclass:: _pytest._code.ExceptionInfo
    :members:

FixtureDef
~~~~~~~~~~

.. autoclass:: _pytest.fixtures.FixtureDef()
    :members:
    :show-inheritance:

FSCollector
~~~~~~~~~~~

.. autoclass:: _pytest.nodes.FSCollector()
    :members:
    :show-inheritance:

Function
~~~~~~~~

.. autoclass:: _pytest.python.Function()
    :members:
    :show-inheritance:

Item
~~~~

.. autoclass:: _pytest.nodes.Item()
    :members:
    :show-inheritance:

MarkDecorator
~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. autoclass:: _pytest.mark.MarkDecorator
    :members:


MarkGenerator
~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. autoclass:: _pytest.mark.MarkGenerator
    :members:


MarkInfo
~~~~~~~~

.. autoclass:: _pytest.mark.MarkInfo
    :members:


Mark
~~~~

.. autoclass:: _pytest.mark.structures.Mark
    :members:


Metafunc
~~~~~~~~

.. autoclass:: _pytest.python.Metafunc
    :members:

Module
~~~~~~

.. autoclass:: _pytest.python.Module()
    :members:
    :show-inheritance:

Node
~~~~

.. autoclass:: _pytest.nodes.Node()
    :members:

Parser
~~~~~~

.. autoclass:: _pytest.config.argparsing.Parser()
    :members:

PluginManager
~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. autoclass:: pluggy.PluginManager()
    :members:


PytestPluginManager
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. autoclass:: _pytest.config.PytestPluginManager()
    :members:
    :undoc-members:
    :show-inheritance:

Session
~~~~~~~

.. autoclass:: _pytest.main.Session()
    :members:
    :show-inheritance:

TestReport
~~~~~~~~~~

.. autoclass:: _pytest.runner.TestReport()
    :members:
    :inherited-members:

_Result
~~~~~~~

.. autoclass:: pluggy._Result
    :members:

Special Variables
-----------------

pytest treats some global variables in a special manner when defined in a test module.


pytest_plugins
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

**Tutorial**: :ref:`available installable plugins`

Can be declared at the **global** level in *test modules* and *conftest.py files* to register additional plugins.
Can be either a ``str`` or ``Sequence[str]``.

.. code-block:: python

    pytest_plugins = "myapp.testsupport.myplugin"

.. code-block:: python

    pytest_plugins = ("myapp.testsupport.tools", "myapp.testsupport.regression")


pytest_mark
~~~~~~~~~~~

**Tutorial**: :ref:`scoped-marking`

Can be declared at the **global** level in *test modules* to apply one or more :ref:`marks <marks ref>` to all
test functions and methods. Can be either a single mark or a sequence of marks.

.. code-block:: python

    import pytest

    pytestmark = pytest.mark.webtest


.. code-block:: python

    import pytest

    pytestmark = (pytest.mark.integration, pytest.mark.slow)

PYTEST_DONT_REWRITE (module docstring)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

The text ``PYTEST_DONT_REWRITE`` can be add to any **module docstring** to disable
:ref:`assertion rewriting <assert introspection>` for that module.


Environment Variables
---------------------

Environment variables that can be used to change pytest's behavior.

PYTEST_ADDOPTS
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

This contains a command-line (parsed by the py:mod:`shlex` module) that will be **prepended** to the command line given
by the user, see :ref:`adding default options` for more information.

PYTEST_DEBUG
~~~~~~~~~~~~

When set, pytest will print tracing and debug information.

PYTEST_PLUGINS
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Contains comma-separated list of modules that should be loaded as plugins:

.. code-block:: bash

    export PYTEST_PLUGINS=mymodule.plugin,xdist


PYTEST_CURRENT_TEST
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

This is not meant to be set by users, but is set by pytest internally with the name of the current test so other
processes can inspect it, see :ref:`pytest current test env` for more information.


.. _`ini options ref`:

Configuration Options
---------------------

Here is a list of builtin configuration options that may be written in a ``pytest.ini``, ``tox.ini`` or ``setup.cfg``
file, usually located at the root of your repository. All options must be under a ``[pytest]`` section
(``[tool:pytest]`` for ``setup.cfg`` files).

Configuration file options may be overwritten in the command-line by using ``-o/--override``, which can also be
passed multiple times. The expected format is ``name=value``. For example::

   pytest -o console_output_style=classic -o cache_dir=/tmp/mycache


.. confval:: addopts

   Add the specified ``OPTS`` to the set of command line arguments as if they
   had been specified by the user. Example: if you have this ini file content:

   .. code-block:: ini

        # content of pytest.ini
        [pytest]
        addopts = --maxfail=2 -rf  # exit after 2 failures, report fail info

   issuing ``pytest test_hello.py`` actually means::

        pytest --maxfail=2 -rf test_hello.py

   Default is to add no options.


.. confval:: cache_dir

   .. versionadded:: 3.2

   Sets a directory where stores content of cache plugin. Default directory is
   ``.pytest_cache`` which is created in :ref:`rootdir <rootdir>`. Directory may be
   relative or absolute path. If setting relative path, then directory is created
   relative to :ref:`rootdir <rootdir>`. Additionally path may contain environment
   variables, that will be expanded. For more information about cache plugin
   please refer to :ref:`cache_provider`.


.. confval:: confcutdir

   Sets a directory where search upwards for ``conftest.py`` files stops.
   By default, pytest will stop searching for ``conftest.py`` files upwards
   from ``pytest.ini``/``tox.ini``/``setup.cfg`` of the project if any,
   or up to the file-system root.


.. confval:: console_output_style

   .. versionadded:: 3.3

   Sets the console output style while running tests:

   * ``classic``: classic pytest output.
   * ``progress``: like classic pytest output, but with a progress indicator.

   The default is ``progress``, but you can fallback to ``classic`` if you prefer or
   the new mode is causing unexpected problems:

   .. code-block:: ini

        # content of pytest.ini
        [pytest]
        console_output_style = classic


.. confval:: doctest_encoding

   .. versionadded:: 3.1

   Default encoding to use to decode text files with docstrings.
   :doc:`See how pytest handles doctests <doctest>`.


.. confval:: doctest_optionflags

   One or more doctest flag names from the standard ``doctest`` module.
   :doc:`See how pytest handles doctests <doctest>`.


.. confval:: empty_parameter_set_mark

    .. versionadded:: 3.4

    Allows to pick the action for empty parametersets in parameterization

    * ``skip`` skips tests with an empty parameterset (default)
    * ``xfail`` marks tests with an empty parameterset as xfail(run=False)

    .. code-block:: ini

      # content of pytest.ini
      [pytest]
      empty_parameter_set_mark = xfail

    .. note::

      The default value of this option is planned to change to ``xfail`` in future releases
      as this is considered less error prone, see `#3155 <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3155>`_
      for more details.


.. confval:: filterwarnings

   .. versionadded:: 3.1

   Sets a list of filters and actions that should be taken for matched
   warnings. By default all warnings emitted during the test session
   will be displayed in a summary at the end of the test session.

   .. code-block:: ini

        # content of pytest.ini
        [pytest]
        filterwarnings =
            error
            ignore::DeprecationWarning

   This tells pytest to ignore deprecation warnings and turn all other warnings
   into errors. For more information please refer to :ref:`warnings`.


.. confval:: junit_suite_name

    .. versionadded:: 3.1

    To set the name of the root test suite xml item, you can configure the ``junit_suite_name`` option in your config file:

    .. code-block:: ini

        [pytest]
        junit_suite_name = my_suite


.. confval:: log_cli_date_format

    .. versionadded:: 3.3

    Sets a :py:func:`time.strftime`-compatible string that will be used when formatting dates for live logging.

    .. code-block:: ini

        [pytest]
        log_cli_date_format = %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S

    For more information, see :ref:`live_logs`.

.. confval:: log_cli_format

    .. versionadded:: 3.3

    Sets a :py:mod:`logging`-compatible string used to format live logging messages.

    .. code-block:: ini

        [pytest]
        log_cli_format = %(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(message)s

    For more information, see :ref:`live_logs`.


.. confval:: log_cli_level

    .. versionadded:: 3.3

    Sets the minimum log message level that should be captured for live logging. The integer value or
    the names of the levels can be used.

    .. code-block:: ini

        [pytest]
        log_cli_level = INFO

    For more information, see :ref:`live_logs`.


.. confval:: log_date_format

    .. versionadded:: 3.3

    Sets a :py:func:`time.strftime`-compatible string that will be used when formatting dates for logging capture.

    .. code-block:: ini

        [pytest]
        log_date_format = %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S

    For more information, see :ref:`logging`.


.. confval:: log_file

    .. versionadded:: 3.3

    Sets a file name relative to the ``pytest.ini`` file where log messages should be written to, in addition
    to the other logging facilities that are active.

    .. code-block:: ini

        [pytest]
        log_file = logs/pytest-logs.txt

    For more information, see :ref:`logging`.


.. confval:: log_file_date_format

    .. versionadded:: 3.3

    Sets a :py:func:`time.strftime`-compatible string that will be used when formatting dates for the logging file.

    .. code-block:: ini

        [pytest]
        log_file_date_format = %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S

    For more information, see :ref:`logging`.

.. confval:: log_file_format

    .. versionadded:: 3.3

    Sets a :py:mod:`logging`-compatible string used to format logging messages redirected to the logging file.

    .. code-block:: ini

        [pytest]
        log_file_format = %(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(message)s

    For more information, see :ref:`logging`.

.. confval:: log_file_level

    .. versionadded:: 3.3

    Sets the minimum log message level that should be captured for the logging file. The integer value or
    the names of the levels can be used.

    .. code-block:: ini

        [pytest]
        log_file_level = INFO

    For more information, see :ref:`logging`.


.. confval:: log_format

    .. versionadded:: 3.3

    Sets a :py:mod:`logging`-compatible string used to format captured logging messages.

    .. code-block:: ini

        [pytest]
        log_format = %(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(message)s

    For more information, see :ref:`logging`.


.. confval:: log_level

    .. versionadded:: 3.3

    Sets the minimum log message level that should be captured for logging capture. The integer value or
    the names of the levels can be used.

    .. code-block:: ini

        [pytest]
        log_level = INFO

    For more information, see :ref:`logging`.


.. confval:: log_print

    .. versionadded:: 3.3

    If set to ``False``, will disable displaying captured logging messages for failed tests.

    .. code-block:: ini

        [pytest]
        log_print = False

    For more information, see :ref:`logging`.


.. confval:: markers

    List of markers that are allowed in test functions, enforced when ``--strict`` command-line argument is used.
    You can use a marker name per line, indented from the option name.

    .. code-block:: ini

        [pytest]
        markers =
            slow
            serial

.. confval:: minversion

   Specifies a minimal pytest version required for running tests.

   .. code-block:: ini

        # content of pytest.ini
        [pytest]
        minversion = 3.0  # will fail if we run with pytest-2.8


.. confval:: norecursedirs

   Set the directory basename patterns to avoid when recursing
   for test discovery.  The individual (fnmatch-style) patterns are
   applied to the basename of a directory to decide if to recurse into it.
   Pattern matching characters::

        *       matches everything
        ?       matches any single character
        [seq]   matches any character in seq
        [!seq]  matches any char not in seq

   Default patterns are ``'.*', 'build', 'dist', 'CVS', '_darcs', '{arch}', '*.egg', 'venv'``.
   Setting a ``norecursedirs`` replaces the default.  Here is an example of
   how to avoid certain directories:

   .. code-block:: ini

        [pytest]
        norecursedirs = .svn _build tmp*

   This would tell ``pytest`` to not look into typical subversion or
   sphinx-build directories or into any ``tmp`` prefixed directory.

   Additionally, ``pytest`` will attempt to intelligently identify and ignore a
   virtualenv by the presence of an activation script.  Any directory deemed to
   be the root of a virtual environment will not be considered during test
   collection unless ``‑‑collect‑in‑virtualenv`` is given.  Note also that
   ``norecursedirs`` takes precedence over ``‑‑collect‑in‑virtualenv``; e.g. if
   you intend to run tests in a virtualenv with a base directory that matches
   ``'.*'`` you *must* override ``norecursedirs`` in addition to using the
   ``‑‑collect‑in‑virtualenv`` flag.


.. confval:: python_classes

   One or more name prefixes or glob-style patterns determining which classes
   are considered for test collection. By default, pytest will consider any
   class prefixed with ``Test`` as a test collection.  Here is an example of how
   to collect tests from classes that end in ``Suite``:

   .. code-block:: ini

        [pytest]
        python_classes = *Suite

   Note that ``unittest.TestCase`` derived classes are always collected
   regardless of this option, as ``unittest``'s own collection framework is used
   to collect those tests.


.. confval:: python_files

   One or more Glob-style file patterns determining which python files
   are considered as test modules. By default, pytest will consider
   any file matching with ``test_*.py`` and ``*_test.py`` globs as a test
   module.


.. confval:: python_functions

   One or more name prefixes or glob-patterns determining which test functions
   and methods are considered tests. By default, pytest will consider any
   function prefixed with ``test`` as a test.  Here is an example of how
   to collect test functions and methods that end in ``_test``:

   .. code-block:: ini

        [pytest]
        python_functions = *_test

   Note that this has no effect on methods that live on a ``unittest
   .TestCase`` derived class, as ``unittest``'s own collection framework is used
   to collect those tests.

   See :ref:`change naming conventions` for more detailed examples.


.. confval:: testpaths

   .. versionadded:: 2.8

   Sets list of directories that should be searched for tests when
   no specific directories, files or test ids are given in the command line when
   executing pytest from the :ref:`rootdir <rootdir>` directory.
   Useful when all project tests are in a known location to speed up
   test collection and to avoid picking up undesired tests by accident.

   .. code-block:: ini

        [pytest]
        testpaths = testing doc

   This tells pytest to only look for tests in ``testing`` and ``doc``
   directories when executing from the root directory.


.. confval:: usefixtures

    List of fixtures that will be applied to all test functions; this is semantically the same to apply
    the ``@pytest.mark.usefixtures`` marker to all test functions.


    .. code-block:: ini

        [pytest]
        usefixtures =
            clean_db


.. confval:: xfail_strict

    If set to ``True``, tests marked with ``@pytest.mark.xfail`` that actually succeed will by default fail the
    test suite.
    For more information, see :ref:`xfail strict tutorial`.


    .. code-block:: ini

        [pytest]
        xfail_strict = True