test_ok1/doc/goodpractises.txt

137 lines
4.0 KiB
Plaintext

.. highlightlang:: python
.. _`good practises`:
Good Integration Practises
=================================================
work with virtual environments
-----------------------------------------------------------
We recommend to work with virtualenv_ environments and use easy_install_
(or pip_) for installing your application dependencies as well as
the ``pytest`` package itself. This way you get a much more reproducible
environment. A good tool to help you automate test runs against multiple
dependency configurations or Python interpreters is `tox`_,
independently created by the main py.test author. The latter
is also useful for integration with the continous integration
server Hudson_.
.. _`virtualenv`: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/virtualenv
.. _`buildout`: http://www.buildout.org/
.. _pip: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pip
Choosing a test layout / import rules
------------------------------------------
py.test supports common test layouts:
* inlining test directories into your application package, useful if you want to
keep (unit) tests and actually tested code close together::
mypkg/
__init__.py
appmodule.py
...
test/
test_app.py
...
* putting tests into an extra directory outside your actual application
code, useful if you have many functional tests or want to keep
tests separate from actual application code::
mypkg/
__init__.py
appmodule.py
tests/
test_app.py
...
You can always run your tests by pointing to it::
py.test tests/test_app.py # for external test dirs
py.test mypkg/test/test_app.py # for inlined test dirs
py.test mypkg # run tests in all below test directories
py.test # run all tests below current dir
...
.. note::
Test modules are imported under their fully qualified name as follows:
* ``basedir`` = first upward directory not containing an ``__init__.py``
* perform ``sys.path.insert(0, basedir)``.
* ``import path.to.test_module``
.. _standalone:
.. _`genscript method`:
Generating a py.test standalone Script
-------------------------------------------
If you are a maintainer or application developer and want others
to easily run tests you can generate a completely standalone "py.test"
script::
py.test --genscript=runtests.py
generates a ``runtests.py`` script which is a fully functional basic
``py.test`` script, running unchanged under Python2 and Python3.
You can tell people to download and then e.g. run it like this to
produce a Paste URL::
python runtests.py --pastebin=all
and ask them to send you the resulting URL.
.. _`Distribute for installation`: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/distribute#installation-instructions
.. _`distribute installation`: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/distribute
Integrating with distutils / ``python setup.py test``
--------------------------------------------------------
You can easily integrate test runs into your distutils or
setuptools based project. Use the `genscript method`_
to generate a standalone py.test script::
py.test --genscript=runtests.py
and make this script part of your distribution and then add
this to your ``setup.py`` file::
from distutils.core import setup, Command
# you can also import from setuptools
class PyTest(Command):
user_options = []
def initialize_options(self):
pass
def finalize_options(self):
pass
def run(self):
import sys,subprocess
errno = subprocess.call([sys.executable, 'runtest.py'])
raise SystemExit(errno)
setup(
#...,
cmdclass = {'test': PyTest},
#...,
)
If you now type::
python setup.py test
this will execute your tests using ``runtest.py``. As this is a
standalone version of ``py.test`` no prior installation whatsoever is
required for calling the test command. You can also pass additional
arguments to the subprocess-calls like your test directory or other
options.
.. include:: links.inc