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openssh/ssh-keygen.c

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/* $OpenBSD: ssh-keygen.c,v 1.398 2020/02/07 03:27:54 djm Exp $ */
/*
* Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
* Copyright (c) 1994 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
* All rights reserved
* Identity and host key generation and maintenance.
*
* As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software
* can be used freely for any purpose. Any derived versions of this
* software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is
* incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be
* called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell".
*/
#include "includes.h"
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
#include <openssl/evp.h>
#include <openssl/pem.h>
#include "openbsd-compat/openssl-compat.h"
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_STDINT_H
# include <stdint.h>
#endif
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#ifdef HAVE_PATHS_H
# include <paths.h>
#endif
#include <pwd.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <locale.h>
#include <time.h>
#include "xmalloc.h"
#include "sshkey.h"
#include "authfile.h"
#include "sshbuf.h"
#include "pathnames.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "misc.h"
#include "match.h"
#include "hostfile.h"
#include "dns.h"
#include "ssh.h"
#include "ssh2.h"
#include "ssherr.h"
#include "ssh-pkcs11.h"
#include "atomicio.h"
#include "krl.h"
#include "digest.h"
#include "utf8.h"
#include "authfd.h"
#include "sshsig.h"
#include "ssh-sk.h"
#include "sk-api.h" /* XXX for SSH_SK_USER_PRESENCE_REQD; remove */
#ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
# define DEFAULT_KEY_TYPE_NAME "rsa"
#else
# define DEFAULT_KEY_TYPE_NAME "ed25519"
#endif
/*
* Default number of bits in the RSA, DSA and ECDSA keys. These value can be
* overridden on the command line.
*
* These values, with the exception of DSA, provide security equivalent to at
* least 128 bits of security according to NIST Special Publication 800-57:
* Recommendation for Key Management Part 1 rev 4 section 5.6.1.
* For DSA it (and FIPS-186-4 section 4.2) specifies that the only size for
* which a 160bit hash is acceptable is 1kbit, and since ssh-dss specifies only
* SHA1 we limit the DSA key size 1k bits.
*/
#define DEFAULT_BITS 3072
#define DEFAULT_BITS_DSA 1024
#define DEFAULT_BITS_ECDSA 256
static int quiet = 0;
/* Flag indicating that we just want to see the key fingerprint */
static int print_fingerprint = 0;
static int print_bubblebabble = 0;
/* Hash algorithm to use for fingerprints. */
static int fingerprint_hash = SSH_FP_HASH_DEFAULT;
/* The identity file name, given on the command line or entered by the user. */
static char identity_file[PATH_MAX];
static int have_identity = 0;
/* This is set to the passphrase if given on the command line. */
static char *identity_passphrase = NULL;
/* This is set to the new passphrase if given on the command line. */
static char *identity_new_passphrase = NULL;
/* Key type when certifying */
static u_int cert_key_type = SSH2_CERT_TYPE_USER;
/* "key ID" of signed key */
static char *cert_key_id = NULL;
/* Comma-separated list of principal names for certifying keys */
static char *cert_principals = NULL;
/* Validity period for certificates */
static u_int64_t cert_valid_from = 0;
static u_int64_t cert_valid_to = ~0ULL;
/* Certificate options */
#define CERTOPT_X_FWD (1)
#define CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD (1<<1)
#define CERTOPT_PORT_FWD (1<<2)
#define CERTOPT_PTY (1<<3)
#define CERTOPT_USER_RC (1<<4)
#define CERTOPT_NO_REQUIRE_USER_PRESENCE (1<<5)
#define CERTOPT_DEFAULT (CERTOPT_X_FWD|CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD| \
CERTOPT_PORT_FWD|CERTOPT_PTY|CERTOPT_USER_RC)
static u_int32_t certflags_flags = CERTOPT_DEFAULT;
static char *certflags_command = NULL;
static char *certflags_src_addr = NULL;
/* Arbitrary extensions specified by user */
struct cert_userext {
char *key;
char *val;
int crit;
};
static struct cert_userext *cert_userext;
static size_t ncert_userext;
/* Conversion to/from various formats */
enum {
FMT_RFC4716,
FMT_PKCS8,
FMT_PEM
} convert_format = FMT_RFC4716;
static char *key_type_name = NULL;
/* Load key from this PKCS#11 provider */
static char *pkcs11provider = NULL;
/* FIDO/U2F provider to use */
static char *sk_provider = NULL;
/* Format for writing private keys */
static int private_key_format = SSHKEY_PRIVATE_OPENSSH;
/* Cipher for new-format private keys */
static char *openssh_format_cipher = NULL;
/* Number of KDF rounds to derive new format keys. */
static int rounds = 0;
/* argv0 */
extern char *__progname;
static char hostname[NI_MAXHOST];
#ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
/* moduli.c */
int gen_candidates(FILE *, u_int32_t, u_int32_t, BIGNUM *);
int prime_test(FILE *, FILE *, u_int32_t, u_int32_t, char *, unsigned long,
unsigned long);
#endif
static void
type_bits_valid(int type, const char *name, u_int32_t *bitsp)
{
if (type == KEY_UNSPEC)
fatal("unknown key type %s", key_type_name);
if (*bitsp == 0) {
#ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
u_int nid;
switch(type) {
case KEY_DSA:
*bitsp = DEFAULT_BITS_DSA;
break;
case KEY_ECDSA:
if (name != NULL &&
(nid = sshkey_ecdsa_nid_from_name(name)) > 0)
*bitsp = sshkey_curve_nid_to_bits(nid);
if (*bitsp == 0)
*bitsp = DEFAULT_BITS_ECDSA;
break;
case KEY_RSA:
*bitsp = DEFAULT_BITS;
break;
}
#endif
}
#ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
switch (type) {
case KEY_DSA:
if (*bitsp != 1024)
fatal("Invalid DSA key length: must be 1024 bits");
break;
case KEY_RSA:
if (*bitsp < SSH_RSA_MINIMUM_MODULUS_SIZE)
fatal("Invalid RSA key length: minimum is %d bits",
SSH_RSA_MINIMUM_MODULUS_SIZE);
else if (*bitsp > OPENSSL_RSA_MAX_MODULUS_BITS)
fatal("Invalid RSA key length: maximum is %d bits",
OPENSSL_RSA_MAX_MODULUS_BITS);
break;
case KEY_ECDSA:
if (sshkey_ecdsa_bits_to_nid(*bitsp) == -1)
fatal("Invalid ECDSA key length: valid lengths are "
#ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_NISTP521
"256, 384 or 521 bits");
#else
"256 or 384 bits");
#endif
}
#endif
}
/*
* Checks whether a file exists and, if so, asks the user whether they wish
* to overwrite it.
* Returns nonzero if the file does not already exist or if the user agrees to
* overwrite, or zero otherwise.
*/
static int
confirm_overwrite(const char *filename)
{
char yesno[3];
struct stat st;
if (stat(filename, &st) != 0)
return 1;
printf("%s already exists.\n", filename);
printf("Overwrite (y/n)? ");
fflush(stdout);
if (fgets(yesno, sizeof(yesno), stdin) == NULL)
return 0;
if (yesno[0] != 'y' && yesno[0] != 'Y')
return 0;
return 1;
}
static void
ask_filename(struct passwd *pw, const char *prompt)
{
char buf[1024];
char *name = NULL;
if (key_type_name == NULL)
name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_RSA;
else {
switch (sshkey_type_from_name(key_type_name)) {
case KEY_DSA_CERT:
case KEY_DSA:
name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_DSA;
break;
#ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
case KEY_ECDSA:
name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_ECDSA;
break;
case KEY_ECDSA_SK_CERT:
case KEY_ECDSA_SK:
name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_ECDSA_SK;
break;
#endif
case KEY_RSA_CERT:
case KEY_RSA:
name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_RSA;
break;
case KEY_ED25519:
case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_ED25519;
break;
case KEY_ED25519_SK:
case KEY_ED25519_SK_CERT:
name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_ED25519_SK;
break;
case KEY_XMSS:
case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_XMSS;
break;
default:
fatal("bad key type");
}
}
snprintf(identity_file, sizeof(identity_file),
"%s/%s", pw->pw_dir, name);
printf("%s (%s): ", prompt, identity_file);
fflush(stdout);
if (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), stdin) == NULL)
exit(1);
buf[strcspn(buf, "\n")] = '\0';
if (strcmp(buf, "") != 0)
strlcpy(identity_file, buf, sizeof(identity_file));
have_identity = 1;
}
static struct sshkey *
load_identity(const char *filename, char **commentp)
{
char *pass;
struct sshkey *prv;
int r;
if (commentp != NULL)
*commentp = NULL;
if ((r = sshkey_load_private(filename, "", &prv, commentp)) == 0)
return prv;
if (r != SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE)
fatal("Load key \"%s\": %s", filename, ssh_err(r));
if (identity_passphrase)
pass = xstrdup(identity_passphrase);
else
pass = read_passphrase("Enter passphrase: ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
r = sshkey_load_private(filename, pass, &prv, commentp);
explicit_bzero(pass, strlen(pass));
free(pass);
if (r != 0)
fatal("Load key \"%s\": %s", filename, ssh_err(r));
return prv;
}
#define SSH_COM_PUBLIC_BEGIN "---- BEGIN SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----"
#define SSH_COM_PUBLIC_END "---- END SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----"
#define SSH_COM_PRIVATE_BEGIN "---- BEGIN SSH2 ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY ----"
#define SSH_COM_PRIVATE_KEY_MAGIC 0x3f6ff9eb
#ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
static void
do_convert_to_ssh2(struct passwd *pw, struct sshkey *k)
{
struct sshbuf *b;
char comment[61], *b64;
int r;
if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
fatal("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__);
if ((r = sshkey_putb(k, b)) != 0)
fatal("key_to_blob failed: %s", ssh_err(r));
if ((b64 = sshbuf_dtob64_string(b, 1)) == NULL)
fatal("%s: sshbuf_dtob64_string failed", __func__);
/* Comment + surrounds must fit into 72 chars (RFC 4716 sec 3.3) */
snprintf(comment, sizeof(comment),
"%u-bit %s, converted by %s@%s from OpenSSH",
sshkey_size(k), sshkey_type(k),
pw->pw_name, hostname);
sshkey_free(k);
sshbuf_free(b);
fprintf(stdout, "%s\n", SSH_COM_PUBLIC_BEGIN);
fprintf(stdout, "Comment: \"%s\"\n%s", comment, b64);
fprintf(stdout, "%s\n", SSH_COM_PUBLIC_END);
free(b64);
exit(0);
}
static void
do_convert_to_pkcs8(struct sshkey *k)
{
switch (sshkey_type_plain(k->type)) {
case KEY_RSA:
if (!PEM_write_RSA_PUBKEY(stdout, k->rsa))
fatal("PEM_write_RSA_PUBKEY failed");
break;
case KEY_DSA:
if (!PEM_write_DSA_PUBKEY(stdout, k->dsa))
fatal("PEM_write_DSA_PUBKEY failed");
break;
#ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
case KEY_ECDSA:
if (!PEM_write_EC_PUBKEY(stdout, k->ecdsa))
fatal("PEM_write_EC_PUBKEY failed");
break;
#endif
default:
fatal("%s: unsupported key type %s", __func__, sshkey_type(k));
}
exit(0);
}
static void
do_convert_to_pem(struct sshkey *k)
{
switch (sshkey_type_plain(k->type)) {
case KEY_RSA:
if (!PEM_write_RSAPublicKey(stdout, k->rsa))
fatal("PEM_write_RSAPublicKey failed");
break;
case KEY_DSA:
if (!PEM_write_DSA_PUBKEY(stdout, k->dsa))
fatal("PEM_write_DSA_PUBKEY failed");
break;
#ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
case KEY_ECDSA:
if (!PEM_write_EC_PUBKEY(stdout, k->ecdsa))
fatal("PEM_write_EC_PUBKEY failed");
break;
#endif
default:
fatal("%s: unsupported key type %s", __func__, sshkey_type(k));
}
exit(0);
}
static void
do_convert_to(struct passwd *pw)
{
struct sshkey *k;
struct stat st;
int r;
if (!have_identity)
ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
if (stat(identity_file, &st) == -1)
fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
if ((r = sshkey_load_public(identity_file, &k, NULL)) != 0)
k = load_identity(identity_file, NULL);
switch (convert_format) {
case FMT_RFC4716:
do_convert_to_ssh2(pw, k);
break;
case FMT_PKCS8:
do_convert_to_pkcs8(k);
break;
case FMT_PEM:
do_convert_to_pem(k);
break;
default:
fatal("%s: unknown key format %d", __func__, convert_format);
}
exit(0);
}
/*
* This is almost exactly the bignum1 encoding, but with 32 bit for length
* instead of 16.
*/
static void
buffer_get_bignum_bits(struct sshbuf *b, BIGNUM *value)
{
u_int bytes, bignum_bits;
int r;
if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &bignum_bits)) != 0)
fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
bytes = (bignum_bits + 7) / 8;
if (sshbuf_len(b) < bytes)
fatal("%s: input buffer too small: need %d have %zu",
__func__, bytes, sshbuf_len(b));
if (BN_bin2bn(sshbuf_ptr(b), bytes, value) == NULL)
fatal("%s: BN_bin2bn failed", __func__);
if ((r = sshbuf_consume(b, bytes)) != 0)
fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
}
static struct sshkey *
do_convert_private_ssh2(struct sshbuf *b)
{
struct sshkey *key = NULL;
char *type, *cipher;
u_char e1, e2, e3, *sig = NULL, data[] = "abcde12345";
int r, rlen, ktype;
u_int magic, i1, i2, i3, i4;
size_t slen;
u_long e;
BIGNUM *dsa_p = NULL, *dsa_q = NULL, *dsa_g = NULL;
BIGNUM *dsa_pub_key = NULL, *dsa_priv_key = NULL;
BIGNUM *rsa_n = NULL, *rsa_e = NULL, *rsa_d = NULL;
BIGNUM *rsa_p = NULL, *rsa_q = NULL, *rsa_iqmp = NULL;
if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &magic)) != 0)
fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
if (magic != SSH_COM_PRIVATE_KEY_MAGIC) {
error("bad magic 0x%x != 0x%x", magic,
SSH_COM_PRIVATE_KEY_MAGIC);
return NULL;
}
if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &i1)) != 0 ||
(r = sshbuf_get_cstring(b, &type, NULL)) != 0 ||
(r = sshbuf_get_cstring(b, &cipher, NULL)) != 0 ||
(r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &i2)) != 0 ||
(r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &i3)) != 0 ||
(r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &i4)) != 0)
fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
debug("ignore (%d %d %d %d)", i1, i2, i3, i4);
if (strcmp(cipher, "none") != 0) {
error("unsupported cipher %s", cipher);
free(cipher);
free(type);
return NULL;
}
free(cipher);
if (strstr(type, "dsa")) {
ktype = KEY_DSA;
} else if (strstr(type, "rsa")) {
ktype = KEY_RSA;
} else {
free(type);
return NULL;
}
if ((key = sshkey_new(ktype)) == NULL)
fatal("sshkey_new failed");
free(type);
switch (key->type) {
case KEY_DSA:
if ((dsa_p = BN_new()) == NULL ||
(dsa_q = BN_new()) == NULL ||
(dsa_g = BN_new()) == NULL ||
(dsa_pub_key = BN_new()) == NULL ||
(dsa_priv_key = BN_new()) == NULL)
fatal("%s: BN_new", __func__);
buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, dsa_p);
buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, dsa_g);
buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, dsa_q);
buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, dsa_pub_key);
buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, dsa_priv_key);
if (!DSA_set0_pqg(key->dsa, dsa_p, dsa_q, dsa_g))
fatal("%s: DSA_set0_pqg failed", __func__);
dsa_p = dsa_q = dsa_g = NULL; /* transferred */
if (!DSA_set0_key(key->dsa, dsa_pub_key, dsa_priv_key))
fatal("%s: DSA_set0_key failed", __func__);
dsa_pub_key = dsa_priv_key = NULL; /* transferred */
break;
case KEY_RSA:
if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(b, &e1)) != 0 ||
(e1 < 30 && (r = sshbuf_get_u8(b, &e2)) != 0) ||
(e1 < 30 && (r = sshbuf_get_u8(b, &e3)) != 0))
fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
e = e1;
debug("e %lx", e);
if (e < 30) {
e <<= 8;
e += e2;
debug("e %lx", e);
e <<= 8;
e += e3;
debug("e %lx", e);
}
if ((rsa_e = BN_new()) == NULL)
fatal("%s: BN_new", __func__);
if (!BN_set_word(rsa_e, e)) {
BN_clear_free(rsa_e);
sshkey_free(key);
return NULL;
}
if ((rsa_n = BN_new()) == NULL ||
(rsa_d = BN_new()) == NULL ||
(rsa_p = BN_new()) == NULL ||
(rsa_q = BN_new()) == NULL ||
(rsa_iqmp = BN_new()) == NULL)
fatal("%s: BN_new", __func__);
buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, rsa_d);
buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, rsa_n);
buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, rsa_iqmp);
buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, rsa_q);
buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, rsa_p);
if (!RSA_set0_key(key->rsa, rsa_n, rsa_e, rsa_d))
fatal("%s: RSA_set0_key failed", __func__);
rsa_n = rsa_e = rsa_d = NULL; /* transferred */
if (!RSA_set0_factors(key->rsa, rsa_p, rsa_q))
fatal("%s: RSA_set0_factors failed", __func__);
rsa_p = rsa_q = NULL; /* transferred */
if ((r = ssh_rsa_complete_crt_parameters(key, rsa_iqmp)) != 0)
fatal("generate RSA parameters failed: %s", ssh_err(r));
BN_clear_free(rsa_iqmp);
break;
}
rlen = sshbuf_len(b);
if (rlen != 0)
error("%s: remaining bytes in key blob %d", __func__, rlen);
/* try the key */
if (sshkey_sign(key, &sig, &slen, data, sizeof(data),
NULL, NULL, 0) != 0 ||
sshkey_verify(key, sig, slen, data, sizeof(data),
NULL, 0, NULL) != 0) {
sshkey_free(key);
free(sig);
return NULL;
}
free(sig);
return key;
}
static int
get_line(FILE *fp, char *line, size_t len)
{
int c;
size_t pos = 0;
line[0] = '\0';
while ((c = fgetc(fp)) != EOF) {
if (pos >= len - 1)
fatal("input line too long.");
switch (c) {
case '\r':
c = fgetc(fp);
if (c != EOF && c != '\n' && ungetc(c, fp) == EOF)
fatal("unget: %s", strerror(errno));
return pos;
case '\n':
return pos;
}
line[pos++] = c;
line[pos] = '\0';
}
/* We reached EOF */
return -1;
}
static void
do_convert_from_ssh2(struct passwd *pw, struct sshkey **k, int *private)
{
int r, blen, escaped = 0;
u_int len;
char line[1024];
struct sshbuf *buf;
char encoded[8096];
FILE *fp;
if ((buf = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
fatal("sshbuf_new failed");
if ((fp = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL)
fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
encoded[0] = '\0';
while ((blen = get_line(fp, line, sizeof(line))) != -1) {
if (blen > 0 && line[blen - 1] == '\\')
escaped++;
if (strncmp(line, "----", 4) == 0 ||
strstr(line, ": ") != NULL) {
if (strstr(line, SSH_COM_PRIVATE_BEGIN) != NULL)
*private = 1;
if (strstr(line, " END ") != NULL) {
break;
}
/* fprintf(stderr, "ignore: %s", line); */
continue;
}
if (escaped) {
escaped--;
/* fprintf(stderr, "escaped: %s", line); */
continue;
}
strlcat(encoded, line, sizeof(encoded));
}
len = strlen(encoded);
if (((len % 4) == 3) &&
(encoded[len-1] == '=') &&
(encoded[len-2] == '=') &&
(encoded[len-3] == '='))
encoded[len-3] = '\0';
if ((r = sshbuf_b64tod(buf, encoded)) != 0)
fatal("%s: base64 decoding failed: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
if (*private)
*k = do_convert_private_ssh2(buf);
else if ((r = sshkey_fromb(buf, k)) != 0)
fatal("decode blob failed: %s", ssh_err(r));
sshbuf_free(buf);
fclose(fp);
}
static void
do_convert_from_pkcs8(struct sshkey **k, int *private)
{
EVP_PKEY *pubkey;
FILE *fp;
if ((fp = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL)
fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
if ((pubkey = PEM_read_PUBKEY(fp, NULL, NULL, NULL)) == NULL) {
fatal("%s: %s is not a recognised public key format", __func__,
identity_file);
}
fclose(fp);
switch (EVP_PKEY_base_id(pubkey)) {
case EVP_PKEY_RSA:
if ((*k = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
fatal("sshkey_new failed");
(*k)->type = KEY_RSA;
(*k)->rsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_RSA(pubkey);
break;
case EVP_PKEY_DSA:
if ((*k = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
fatal("sshkey_new failed");
(*k)->type = KEY_DSA;
(*k)->dsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_DSA(pubkey);
break;
#ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
case EVP_PKEY_EC:
if ((*k = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
fatal("sshkey_new failed");
(*k)->type = KEY_ECDSA;
(*k)->ecdsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_EC_KEY(pubkey);
(*k)->ecdsa_nid = sshkey_ecdsa_key_to_nid((*k)->ecdsa);
break;
#endif
default:
fatal("%s: unsupported pubkey type %d", __func__,
EVP_PKEY_base_id(pubkey));
}
EVP_PKEY_free(pubkey);
return;
}
static void
do_convert_from_pem(struct sshkey **k, int *private)
{
FILE *fp;
RSA *rsa;
if ((fp = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL)
fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
if ((rsa = PEM_read_RSAPublicKey(fp, NULL, NULL, NULL)) != NULL) {
if ((*k = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
fatal("sshkey_new failed");
(*k)->type = KEY_RSA;
(*k)->rsa = rsa;
fclose(fp);
return;
}
fatal("%s: unrecognised raw private key format", __func__);
}
static void
do_convert_from(struct passwd *pw)
{
struct sshkey *k = NULL;
int r, private = 0, ok = 0;
struct stat st;
if (!have_identity)
ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
if (stat(identity_file, &st) == -1)
fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
switch (convert_format) {
case FMT_RFC4716:
do_convert_from_ssh2(pw, &k, &private);
break;
case FMT_PKCS8:
do_convert_from_pkcs8(&k, &private);
break;
case FMT_PEM:
do_convert_from_pem(&k, &private);
break;
default:
fatal("%s: unknown key format %d", __func__, convert_format);
}
if (!private) {
if ((r = sshkey_write(k, stdout)) == 0)
ok = 1;
if (ok)
fprintf(stdout, "\n");
} else {
switch (k->type) {
case KEY_DSA:
ok = PEM_write_DSAPrivateKey(stdout, k->dsa, NULL,
NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
break;
#ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
case KEY_ECDSA:
ok = PEM_write_ECPrivateKey(stdout, k->ecdsa, NULL,
NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
break;
#endif
case KEY_RSA:
ok = PEM_write_RSAPrivateKey(stdout, k->rsa, NULL,
NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
break;
default:
fatal("%s: unsupported key type %s", __func__,
sshkey_type(k));
}
}
if (!ok)
fatal("key write failed");
sshkey_free(k);
exit(0);
}
#endif
static void
do_print_public(struct passwd *pw)
{
struct sshkey *prv;
struct stat st;
int r;
char *comment = NULL;
if (!have_identity)
ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
if (stat(identity_file, &st) == -1)
fatal("%s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno));
prv = load_identity(identity_file, &comment);
if ((r = sshkey_write(prv, stdout)) != 0)
error("sshkey_write failed: %s", ssh_err(r));
sshkey_free(prv);
if (comment != NULL && *comment != '\0')
fprintf(stdout, " %s", comment);
fprintf(stdout, "\n");
free(comment);
exit(0);
}
static void
do_download(struct passwd *pw)
{
#ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
struct sshkey **keys = NULL;
int i, nkeys;
enum sshkey_fp_rep rep;
int fptype;
char *fp, *ra, **comments = NULL;
fptype = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_DIGEST_SHA1 : fingerprint_hash;
rep = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE : SSH_FP_DEFAULT;
pkcs11_init(1);
nkeys = pkcs11_add_provider(pkcs11provider, NULL, &keys, &comments);
if (nkeys <= 0)
fatal("cannot read public key from pkcs11");
for (i = 0; i < nkeys; i++) {
if (print_fingerprint) {
fp = sshkey_fingerprint(keys[i], fptype, rep);
ra = sshkey_fingerprint(keys[i], fingerprint_hash,
SSH_FP_RANDOMART);
if (fp == NULL || ra == NULL)
fatal("%s: sshkey_fingerprint fail", __func__);
printf("%u %s %s (PKCS11 key)\n", sshkey_size(keys[i]),
fp, sshkey_type(keys[i]));
if (log_level_get() >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE)
printf("%s\n", ra);
free(ra);
free(fp);
} else {
(void) sshkey_write(keys[i], stdout); /* XXX check */
fprintf(stdout, "%s%s\n",
*(comments[i]) == '\0' ? "" : " ", comments[i]);
}
free(comments[i]);
sshkey_free(keys[i]);
}
free(comments);
free(keys);
pkcs11_terminate();
exit(0);
#else
fatal("no pkcs11 support");
#endif /* ENABLE_PKCS11 */
}
static struct sshkey *
try_read_key(char **cpp)
{
struct sshkey *ret;
int r;
if ((ret = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
fatal("sshkey_new failed");
if ((r = sshkey_read(ret, cpp)) == 0)
return ret;
/* Not a key */
sshkey_free(ret);
return NULL;
}
static void
fingerprint_one_key(const struct sshkey *public, const char *comment)
{
char *fp = NULL, *ra = NULL;
enum sshkey_fp_rep rep;
int fptype;
fptype = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_DIGEST_SHA1 : fingerprint_hash;
rep = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE : SSH_FP_DEFAULT;
fp = sshkey_fingerprint(public, fptype, rep);
ra = sshkey_fingerprint(public, fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_RANDOMART);
if (fp == NULL || ra == NULL)
fatal("%s: sshkey_fingerprint failed", __func__);
mprintf("%u %s %s (%s)\n", sshkey_size(public), fp,
comment ? comment : "no comment", sshkey_type(public));
if (log_level_get() >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE)
printf("%s\n", ra);
free(ra);
free(fp);
}
static void
fingerprint_private(const char *path)
{
struct stat st;
char *comment = NULL;
struct sshkey *public = NULL;
int r;
if (stat(identity_file, &st) == -1)
fatal("%s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
if ((r = sshkey_load_public(path, &public, &comment)) != 0) {
debug("load public \"%s\": %s", path, ssh_err(r));
if ((r = sshkey_load_private(path, NULL,
&public, &comment)) != 0) {
debug("load private \"%s\": %s", path, ssh_err(r));
fatal("%s is not a key file.", path);
}
}
fingerprint_one_key(public, comment);
sshkey_free(public);
free(comment);
}
static void
do_fingerprint(struct passwd *pw)
{
FILE *f;
struct sshkey *public = NULL;
char *comment = NULL, *cp, *ep, *line = NULL;
size_t linesize = 0;
int i, invalid = 1;
const char *path;
u_long lnum = 0;
if (!have_identity)
ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
path = identity_file;
if (strcmp(identity_file, "-") == 0) {
f = stdin;
path = "(stdin)";
} else if ((f = fopen(path, "r")) == NULL)
fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, path, strerror(errno));
while (getline(&line, &linesize, f) != -1) {
lnum++;
cp = line;
cp[strcspn(cp, "\n")] = '\0';
/* Trim leading space and comments */
cp = line + strspn(line, " \t");
if (*cp == '#' || *cp == '\0')
continue;
/*
* Input may be plain keys, private keys, authorized_keys
* or known_hosts.
*/
/*
* Try private keys first. Assume a key is private if
* "SSH PRIVATE KEY" appears on the first line and we're
* not reading from stdin (XXX support private keys on stdin).
*/
if (lnum == 1 && strcmp(identity_file, "-") != 0 &&
strstr(cp, "PRIVATE KEY") != NULL) {
free(line);
fclose(f);
fingerprint_private(path);
exit(0);
}
/*
* If it's not a private key, then this must be prepared to
* accept a public key prefixed with a hostname or options.
* Try a bare key first, otherwise skip the leading stuff.
*/
if ((public = try_read_key(&cp)) == NULL) {
i = strtol(cp, &ep, 10);
if (i == 0 || ep == NULL ||
(*ep != ' ' && *ep != '\t')) {
int quoted = 0;
comment = cp;
for (; *cp && (quoted || (*cp != ' ' &&
*cp != '\t')); cp++) {
if (*cp == '\\' && cp[1] == '"')
cp++; /* Skip both */
else if (*cp == '"')
quoted = !quoted;
}
if (!*cp)
continue;
*cp++ = '\0';
}
}
/* Retry after parsing leading hostname/key options */
if (public == NULL && (public = try_read_key(&cp)) == NULL) {
debug("%s:%lu: not a public key", path, lnum);
continue;
}
/* Find trailing comment, if any */
for (; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++)
;
if (*cp != '\0' && *cp != '#')
comment = cp;
fingerprint_one_key(public, comment);
sshkey_free(public);
invalid = 0; /* One good key in the file is sufficient */
}
fclose(f);
free(line);
if (invalid)
fatal("%s is not a public key file.", path);
exit(0);
}
static void
do_gen_all_hostkeys(struct passwd *pw)
{
struct {
char *key_type;
char *key_type_display;
char *path;
} key_types[] = {
#ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
{ "rsa", "RSA" ,_PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE },
{ "dsa", "DSA", _PATH_HOST_DSA_KEY_FILE },
#ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
{ "ecdsa", "ECDSA",_PATH_HOST_ECDSA_KEY_FILE },
#endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
#endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
{ "ed25519", "ED25519",_PATH_HOST_ED25519_KEY_FILE },
#ifdef WITH_XMSS
{ "xmss", "XMSS",_PATH_HOST_XMSS_KEY_FILE },
#endif /* WITH_XMSS */
{ NULL, NULL, NULL }
};
u_int32_t bits = 0;
int first = 0;
struct stat st;
struct sshkey *private, *public;
char comment[1024], *prv_tmp, *pub_tmp, *prv_file, *pub_file;
int i, type, fd, r;
FILE *f;
for (i = 0; key_types[i].key_type; i++) {
public = private = NULL;
prv_tmp = pub_tmp = prv_file = pub_file = NULL;
xasprintf(&prv_file, "%s%s",
identity_file, key_types[i].path);
/* Check whether private key exists and is not zero-length */
if (stat(prv_file, &st) == 0) {
if (st.st_size != 0)
goto next;
} else if (errno != ENOENT) {
error("Could not stat %s: %s", key_types[i].path,
strerror(errno));
goto failnext;
}
/*
* Private key doesn't exist or is invalid; proceed with
* key generation.
*/
xasprintf(&prv_tmp, "%s%s.XXXXXXXXXX",
identity_file, key_types[i].path);
xasprintf(&pub_tmp, "%s%s.pub.XXXXXXXXXX",
identity_file, key_types[i].path);
xasprintf(&pub_file, "%s%s.pub",
identity_file, key_types[i].path);
if (first == 0) {
first = 1;
printf("%s: generating new host keys: ", __progname);
}
printf("%s ", key_types[i].key_type_display);
fflush(stdout);
type = sshkey_type_from_name(key_types[i].key_type);
if ((fd = mkstemp(prv_tmp)) == -1) {
error("Could not save your public key in %s: %s",
prv_tmp, strerror(errno));
goto failnext;
}
close(fd); /* just using mkstemp() to generate/reserve a name */
bits = 0;
type_bits_valid(type, NULL, &bits);
if ((r = sshkey_generate(type, bits, &private)) != 0) {
error("sshkey_generate failed: %s", ssh_err(r));
goto failnext;
}
if ((r = sshkey_from_private(private, &public)) != 0)
fatal("sshkey_from_private failed: %s", ssh_err(r));
snprintf(comment, sizeof comment, "%s@%s", pw->pw_name,
hostname);
if ((r = sshkey_save_private(private, prv_tmp, "",
comment, private_key_format, openssh_format_cipher,
rounds)) != 0) {
error("Saving key \"%s\" failed: %s",
prv_tmp, ssh_err(r));
goto failnext;
}
if ((fd = mkstemp(pub_tmp)) == -1) {
error("Could not save your public key in %s: %s",
pub_tmp, strerror(errno));
goto failnext;
}
(void)fchmod(fd, 0644);
f = fdopen(fd, "w");
if (f == NULL) {
error("fdopen %s failed: %s", pub_tmp, strerror(errno));
close(fd);
goto failnext;
}
if ((r = sshkey_write(public, f)) != 0) {
error("write key failed: %s", ssh_err(r));
fclose(f);
goto failnext;
}
fprintf(f, " %s\n", comment);
if (ferror(f) != 0) {
error("write key failed: %s", strerror(errno));
fclose(f);
goto failnext;
}
if (fclose(f) != 0) {
error("key close failed: %s", strerror(errno));
goto failnext;
}
/* Rename temporary files to their permanent locations. */
if (rename(pub_tmp, pub_file) != 0) {
error("Unable to move %s into position: %s",
pub_file, strerror(errno));
goto failnext;
}
if (rename(prv_tmp, prv_file) != 0) {
error("Unable to move %s into position: %s",
key_types[i].path, strerror(errno));
failnext:
first = 0;
goto next;
}
next:
sshkey_free(private);
sshkey_free(public);
free(prv_tmp);
free(pub_tmp);
free(prv_file);
free(pub_file);
}
if (first != 0)
printf("\n");
}
struct known_hosts_ctx {
const char *host; /* Hostname searched for in find/delete case */
FILE *out; /* Output file, stdout for find_hosts case */
int has_unhashed; /* When hashing, original had unhashed hosts */
int found_key; /* For find/delete, host was found */
int invalid; /* File contained invalid items; don't delete */
int hash_hosts; /* Hash hostnames as we go */
int find_host; /* Search for specific hostname */
int delete_host; /* Delete host from known_hosts */
};
static int
known_hosts_hash(struct hostkey_foreach_line *l, void *_ctx)
{
struct known_hosts_ctx *ctx = (struct known_hosts_ctx *)_ctx;
char *hashed, *cp, *hosts, *ohosts;
int has_wild = l->hosts && strcspn(l->hosts, "*?!") != strlen(l->hosts);
int was_hashed = l->hosts && l->hosts[0] == HASH_DELIM;
switch (l->status) {
case HKF_STATUS_OK:
case HKF_STATUS_MATCHED:
/*
* Don't hash hosts already already hashed, with wildcard
* characters or a CA/revocation marker.
*/
if (was_hashed || has_wild || l->marker != MRK_NONE) {
fprintf(ctx->out, "%s\n", l->line);
if (has_wild && !ctx->find_host) {
logit("%s:%lu: ignoring host name "
"with wildcard: %.64s", l->path,
l->linenum, l->hosts);
}
return 0;
}
/*
* Split any comma-separated hostnames from the host list,
* hash and store separately.
*/
ohosts = hosts = xstrdup(l->hosts);
while ((cp = strsep(&hosts, ",")) != NULL && *cp != '\0') {
lowercase(cp);
if ((hashed = host_hash(cp, NULL, 0)) == NULL)
fatal("hash_host failed");
fprintf(ctx->out, "%s %s\n", hashed, l->rawkey);
ctx->has_unhashed = 1;
}
free(ohosts);
return 0;
case HKF_STATUS_INVALID:
/* Retain invalid lines, but mark file as invalid. */
ctx->invalid = 1;
logit("%s:%lu: invalid line", l->path, l->linenum);
/* FALLTHROUGH */
default:
fprintf(ctx->out, "%s\n", l->line);
return 0;
}
/* NOTREACHED */
return -1;
}
static int
known_hosts_find_delete(struct hostkey_foreach_line *l, void *_ctx)
{
struct known_hosts_ctx *ctx = (struct known_hosts_ctx *)_ctx;
enum sshkey_fp_rep rep;
int fptype;
char *fp = NULL, *ra = NULL;
fptype = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_DIGEST_SHA1 : fingerprint_hash;
rep = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE : SSH_FP_DEFAULT;
if (l->status == HKF_STATUS_MATCHED) {
if (ctx->delete_host) {
if (l->marker != MRK_NONE) {
/* Don't remove CA and revocation lines */
fprintf(ctx->out, "%s\n", l->line);
} else {
/*
* Hostname matches and has no CA/revoke
* marker, delete it by *not* writing the
* line to ctx->out.
*/
ctx->found_key = 1;
if (!quiet)
printf("# Host %s found: line %lu\n",
ctx->host, l->linenum);
}
return 0;
} else if (ctx->find_host) {
ctx->found_key = 1;
if (!quiet) {
printf("# Host %s found: line %lu %s\n",
ctx->host,
l->linenum, l->marker == MRK_CA ? "CA" :
(l->marker == MRK_REVOKE ? "REVOKED" : ""));
}
if (ctx->hash_hosts)
known_hosts_hash(l, ctx);
else if (print_fingerprint) {
fp = sshkey_fingerprint(l->key, fptype, rep);
ra = sshkey_fingerprint(l->key,
fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_RANDOMART);
if (fp == NULL || ra == NULL)
fatal("%s: sshkey_fingerprint failed",
__func__);
mprintf("%s %s %s%s%s\n", ctx->host,
sshkey_type(l->key), fp,
l->comment[0] ? " " : "",
l->comment);
if (log_level_get() >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE)
printf("%s\n", ra);
free(ra);
free(fp);
} else
fprintf(ctx->out, "%s\n", l->line);
return 0;
}
} else if (ctx->delete_host) {
/* Retain non-matching hosts when deleting */
if (l->status == HKF_STATUS_INVALID) {
ctx->invalid = 1;
logit("%s:%lu: invalid line", l->path, l->linenum);
}
fprintf(ctx->out, "%s\n", l->line);
}
return 0;
}
static void
do_known_hosts(struct passwd *pw, const char *name, int find_host,
int delete_host, int hash_hosts)
{
char *cp, tmp[PATH_MAX], old[PATH_MAX];
int r, fd, oerrno, inplace = 0;
struct known_hosts_ctx ctx;
u_int foreach_options;
if (!have_identity) {
cp = tilde_expand_filename(_PATH_SSH_USER_HOSTFILE, pw->pw_uid);
if (strlcpy(identity_file, cp, sizeof(identity_file)) >=
sizeof(identity_file))
fatal("Specified known hosts path too long");
free(cp);
have_identity = 1;
}
memset(&ctx, 0, sizeof(ctx));
ctx.out = stdout;
ctx.host = name;
ctx.hash_hosts = hash_hosts;
ctx.find_host = find_host;
ctx.delete_host = delete_host;
/*
* Find hosts goes to stdout, hash and deletions happen in-place
* A corner case is ssh-keygen -HF foo, which should go to stdout
*/
if (!find_host && (hash_hosts || delete_host)) {
if (strlcpy(tmp, identity_file, sizeof(tmp)) >= sizeof(tmp) ||
strlcat(tmp, ".XXXXXXXXXX", sizeof(tmp)) >= sizeof(tmp) ||
strlcpy(old, identity_file, sizeof(old)) >= sizeof(old) ||
strlcat(old, ".old", sizeof(old)) >= sizeof(old))
fatal("known_hosts path too long");
umask(077);
if ((fd = mkstemp(tmp)) == -1)
fatal("mkstemp: %s", strerror(errno));
if ((ctx.out = fdopen(fd, "w")) == NULL) {
oerrno = errno;
unlink(tmp);
fatal("fdopen: %s", strerror(oerrno));
}
inplace = 1;
}
/* XXX support identity_file == "-" for stdin */
foreach_options = find_host ? HKF_WANT_MATCH : 0;
foreach_options |= print_fingerprint ? HKF_WANT_PARSE_KEY : 0;
if ((r = hostkeys_foreach(identity_file, (find_host || !hash_hosts) ?
known_hosts_find_delete : known_hosts_hash, &ctx, name, NULL,
foreach_options)) != 0) {
if (inplace)
unlink(tmp);
fatal("%s: hostkeys_foreach failed: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
}
if (inplace)
fclose(ctx.out);
if (ctx.invalid) {
error("%s is not a valid known_hosts file.", identity_file);
if (inplace) {
error("Not replacing existing known_hosts "
"file because of errors");
unlink(tmp);
}
exit(1);
} else if (delete_host && !ctx.found_key) {
logit("Host %s not found in %s", name, identity_file);
if (inplace)
unlink(tmp);
} else if (inplace) {
/* Backup existing file */
if (unlink(old) == -1 && errno != ENOENT)
fatal("unlink %.100s: %s", old, strerror(errno));
if (link(identity_file, old) == -1)
fatal("link %.100s to %.100s: %s", identity_file, old,
strerror(errno));
/* Move new one into place */
if (rename(tmp, identity_file) == -1) {
error("rename\"%s\" to \"%s\": %s", tmp, identity_file,
strerror(errno));
unlink(tmp);
unlink(old);
exit(1);
}
printf("%s updated.\n", identity_file);
printf("Original contents retained as %s\n", old);
if (ctx.has_unhashed) {
logit("WARNING: %s contains unhashed entries", old);
logit("Delete this file to ensure privacy "
"of hostnames");
}
}
exit (find_host && !ctx.found_key);
}
/*
* Perform changing a passphrase. The argument is the passwd structure
* for the current user.
*/
static void
do_change_passphrase(struct passwd *pw)
{
char *comment;
char *old_passphrase, *passphrase1, *passphrase2;
struct stat st;
struct sshkey *private;
int r;
if (!have_identity)
ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
if (stat(identity_file, &st) == -1)
fatal("%s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno));
/* Try to load the file with empty passphrase. */
r = sshkey_load_private(identity_file, "", &private, &comment);
if (r == SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE) {
if (identity_passphrase)
old_passphrase = xstrdup(identity_passphrase);
else
old_passphrase =
read_passphrase("Enter old passphrase: ",
RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
r = sshkey_load_private(identity_file, old_passphrase,
&private, &comment);
explicit_bzero(old_passphrase, strlen(old_passphrase));
free(old_passphrase);
if (r != 0)
goto badkey;
} else if (r != 0) {
badkey:
fatal("Failed to load key %s: %s", identity_file, ssh_err(r));
}
if (comment)
mprintf("Key has comment '%s'\n", comment);
/* Ask the new passphrase (twice). */
if (identity_new_passphrase) {
passphrase1 = xstrdup(identity_new_passphrase);
passphrase2 = NULL;
} else {
passphrase1 =
read_passphrase("Enter new passphrase (empty for no "
"passphrase): ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
passphrase2 = read_passphrase("Enter same passphrase again: ",
RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
/* Verify that they are the same. */
if (strcmp(passphrase1, passphrase2) != 0) {
explicit_bzero(passphrase1, strlen(passphrase1));
explicit_bzero(passphrase2, strlen(passphrase2));
free(passphrase1);
free(passphrase2);
printf("Pass phrases do not match. Try again.\n");
exit(1);
}
/* Destroy the other copy. */
explicit_bzero(passphrase2, strlen(passphrase2));
free(passphrase2);
}
/* Save the file using the new passphrase. */
if ((r = sshkey_save_private(private, identity_file, passphrase1,
comment, private_key_format, openssh_format_cipher, rounds)) != 0) {
error("Saving key \"%s\" failed: %s.",
identity_file, ssh_err(r));
explicit_bzero(passphrase1, strlen(passphrase1));
free(passphrase1);
sshkey_free(private);
free(comment);
exit(1);
}
/* Destroy the passphrase and the copy of the key in memory. */
explicit_bzero(passphrase1, strlen(passphrase1));
free(passphrase1);
sshkey_free(private); /* Destroys contents */
free(comment);
printf("Your identification has been saved with the new passphrase.\n");
exit(0);
}
/*
* Print the SSHFP RR.
*/
static int
do_print_resource_record(struct passwd *pw, char *fname, char *hname,
int print_generic)
{
struct sshkey *public;
char *comment = NULL;
struct stat st;
int r;
if (fname == NULL)
fatal("%s: no filename", __func__);
if (stat(fname, &st) == -1) {
if (errno == ENOENT)
return 0;
fatal("%s: %s", fname, strerror(errno));
}
if ((r = sshkey_load_public(fname, &public, &comment)) != 0)
fatal("Failed to read v2 public key from \"%s\": %s.",
fname, ssh_err(r));
export_dns_rr(hname, public, stdout, print_generic);
sshkey_free(public);
free(comment);
return 1;
}
/*
* Change the comment of a private key file.
*/
static void
do_change_comment(struct passwd *pw, const char *identity_comment)
{
char new_comment[1024], *comment, *passphrase;
struct sshkey *private;
struct sshkey *public;
struct stat st;
FILE *f;
int r, fd;
if (!have_identity)
ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
if (stat(identity_file, &st) == -1)
fatal("%s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno));
if ((r = sshkey_load_private(identity_file, "",
&private, &comment)) == 0)
passphrase = xstrdup("");
else if (r != SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE)
fatal("Cannot load private key \"%s\": %s.",
identity_file, ssh_err(r));
else {
if (identity_passphrase)
passphrase = xstrdup(identity_passphrase);
else if (identity_new_passphrase)
passphrase = xstrdup(identity_new_passphrase);
else
passphrase = read_passphrase("Enter passphrase: ",
RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
/* Try to load using the passphrase. */
if ((r = sshkey_load_private(identity_file, passphrase,
&private, &comment)) != 0) {
explicit_bzero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase));
free(passphrase);
fatal("Cannot load private key \"%s\": %s.",
identity_file, ssh_err(r));
}
}
if (private->type != KEY_ED25519 && private->type != KEY_XMSS &&
private_key_format != SSHKEY_PRIVATE_OPENSSH) {
error("Comments are only supported for keys stored in "
"the new format (-o).");
explicit_bzero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase));
sshkey_free(private);
exit(1);
}
if (comment)
printf("Old comment: %s\n", comment);
else
printf("No existing comment\n");
if (identity_comment) {
strlcpy(new_comment, identity_comment, sizeof(new_comment));
} else {
printf("New comment: ");
fflush(stdout);
if (!fgets(new_comment, sizeof(new_comment), stdin)) {
explicit_bzero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase));
sshkey_free(private);
exit(1);
}
new_comment[strcspn(new_comment, "\n")] = '\0';
}
if (comment != NULL && strcmp(comment, new_comment) == 0) {
printf("No change to comment\n");
free(passphrase);
sshkey_free(private);
free(comment);
exit(0);
}
/* Save the file using the new passphrase. */
if ((r = sshkey_save_private(private, identity_file, passphrase,
new_comment, private_key_format, openssh_format_cipher,
rounds)) != 0) {
error("Saving key \"%s\" failed: %s",
identity_file, ssh_err(r));
explicit_bzero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase));
free(passphrase);
sshkey_free(private);
free(comment);
exit(1);
}
explicit_bzero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase));
free(passphrase);
if ((r = sshkey_from_private(private, &public)) != 0)
fatal("sshkey_from_private failed: %s", ssh_err(r));
sshkey_free(private);
strlcat(identity_file, ".pub", sizeof(identity_file));
fd = open(identity_file, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644);
if (fd == -1)
fatal("Could not save your public key in %s", identity_file);
f = fdopen(fd, "w");
if (f == NULL)
fatal("fdopen %s failed: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno));
if ((r = sshkey_write(public, f)) != 0)
fatal("write key failed: %s", ssh_err(r));
sshkey_free(public);
fprintf(f, " %s\n", new_comment);
fclose(f);
free(comment);
if (strlen(new_comment) > 0)
printf("Comment '%s' applied\n", new_comment);
else
printf("Comment removed\n");
exit(0);
}
static void
add_flag_option(struct sshbuf *c, const char *name)
{
int r;
debug3("%s: %s", __func__, name);
if ((r = sshbuf_put_cstring(c, name)) != 0 ||
(r = sshbuf_put_string(c, NULL, 0)) != 0)
fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
}
static void
add_string_option(struct sshbuf *c, const char *name, const char *value)
{
struct sshbuf *b;
int r;
debug3("%s: %s=%s", __func__, name, value);
if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
fatal("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__);
if ((r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, value)) != 0 ||
(r = sshbuf_put_cstring(c, name)) != 0 ||
(r = sshbuf_put_stringb(c, b)) != 0)
fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
sshbuf_free(b);
}
#define OPTIONS_CRITICAL 1
#define OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS 2
static void
prepare_options_buf(struct sshbuf *c, int which)
{
size_t i;
sshbuf_reset(c);
if ((which & OPTIONS_CRITICAL) != 0 &&
certflags_command != NULL)
add_string_option(c, "force-command", certflags_command);
if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 &&
(certflags_flags & CERTOPT_X_FWD) != 0)
add_flag_option(c, "permit-X11-forwarding");
if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 &&
(certflags_flags & CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD) != 0)
add_flag_option(c, "permit-agent-forwarding");
if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 &&
(certflags_flags & CERTOPT_PORT_FWD) != 0)
add_flag_option(c, "permit-port-forwarding");
if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 &&
(certflags_flags & CERTOPT_PTY) != 0)
add_flag_option(c, "permit-pty");
if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 &&
(certflags_flags & CERTOPT_USER_RC) != 0)
add_flag_option(c, "permit-user-rc");
if ((which & OPTIONS_CRITICAL) != 0 &&
(certflags_flags & CERTOPT_NO_REQUIRE_USER_PRESENCE) != 0)
add_flag_option(c, "no-touch-required");
if ((which & OPTIONS_CRITICAL) != 0 &&
certflags_src_addr != NULL)
add_string_option(c, "source-address", certflags_src_addr);
for (i = 0; i < ncert_userext; i++) {
if ((cert_userext[i].crit && (which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS)) ||
(!cert_userext[i].crit && (which & OPTIONS_CRITICAL)))
continue;
if (cert_userext[i].val == NULL)
add_flag_option(c, cert_userext[i].key);
else {
add_string_option(c, cert_userext[i].key,
cert_userext[i].val);
}
}
}
static struct sshkey *
load_pkcs11_key(char *path)
{
#ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
struct sshkey **keys = NULL, *public, *private = NULL;
int r, i, nkeys;
if ((r = sshkey_load_public(path, &public, NULL)) != 0)
fatal("Couldn't load CA public key \"%s\": %s",
path, ssh_err(r));
nkeys = pkcs11_add_provider(pkcs11provider, identity_passphrase,
&keys, NULL);
debug3("%s: %d keys", __func__, nkeys);
if (nkeys <= 0)
fatal("cannot read public key from pkcs11");
for (i = 0; i < nkeys; i++) {
if (sshkey_equal_public(public, keys[i])) {
private = keys[i];
continue;
}
sshkey_free(keys[i]);
}
free(keys);
sshkey_free(public);
return private;
#else
fatal("no pkcs11 support");
#endif /* ENABLE_PKCS11 */
}
/* Signer for sshkey_certify_custom that uses the agent */
static int
agent_signer(struct sshkey *key, u_char **sigp, size_t *lenp,
const u_char *data, size_t datalen,
const char *alg, const char *provider, u_int compat, void *ctx)
{
int *agent_fdp = (int *)ctx;
return ssh_agent_sign(*agent_fdp, key, sigp, lenp,
data, datalen, alg, compat);
}
static void
do_ca_sign(struct passwd *pw, const char *ca_key_path, int prefer_agent,
unsigned long long cert_serial, int cert_serial_autoinc,
int argc, char **argv)
{
int r, i, fd, found, agent_fd = -1;
u_int n;
struct sshkey *ca, *public;
char valid[64], *otmp, *tmp, *cp, *out, *comment;
char *ca_fp = NULL, **plist = NULL;
FILE *f;
struct ssh_identitylist *agent_ids;
size_t j;
struct notifier_ctx *notifier = NULL;
#ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
pkcs11_init(1);
#endif
tmp = tilde_expand_filename(ca_key_path, pw->pw_uid);
if (pkcs11provider != NULL) {
/* If a PKCS#11 token was specified then try to use it */
if ((ca = load_pkcs11_key(tmp)) == NULL)
fatal("No PKCS#11 key matching %s found", ca_key_path);
} else if (prefer_agent) {
/*
* Agent signature requested. Try to use agent after making
* sure the public key specified is actually present in the
* agent.
*/
if ((r = sshkey_load_public(tmp, &ca, NULL)) != 0)
fatal("Cannot load CA public key %s: %s",
tmp, ssh_err(r));
if ((r = ssh_get_authentication_socket(&agent_fd)) != 0)
fatal("Cannot use public key for CA signature: %s",
ssh_err(r));
if ((r = ssh_fetch_identitylist(agent_fd, &agent_ids)) != 0)
fatal("Retrieve agent key list: %s", ssh_err(r));
found = 0;
for (j = 0; j < agent_ids->nkeys; j++) {
if (sshkey_equal(ca, agent_ids->keys[j])) {
found = 1;
break;
}
}
if (!found)
fatal("CA key %s not found in agent", tmp);
ssh_free_identitylist(agent_ids);
ca->flags |= SSHKEY_FLAG_EXT;
} else {
/* CA key is assumed to be a private key on the filesystem */
ca = load_identity(tmp, NULL);
}
free(tmp);
if (key_type_name != NULL) {
if (sshkey_type_from_name(key_type_name) != ca->type) {
fatal("CA key type %s doesn't match specified %s",
sshkey_ssh_name(ca), key_type_name);
}
} else if (ca->type == KEY_RSA) {
/* Default to a good signature algorithm */
key_type_name = "rsa-sha2-512";
}
ca_fp = sshkey_fingerprint(ca, fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_DEFAULT);
for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
/* Split list of principals */
n = 0;
if (cert_principals != NULL) {
otmp = tmp = xstrdup(cert_principals);
plist = NULL;
for (; (cp = strsep(&tmp, ",")) != NULL; n++) {
plist = xreallocarray(plist, n + 1, sizeof(*plist));
if (*(plist[n] = xstrdup(cp)) == '\0')
fatal("Empty principal name");
}
free(otmp);
}
if (n > SSHKEY_CERT_MAX_PRINCIPALS)
fatal("Too many certificate principals specified");
tmp = tilde_expand_filename(argv[i], pw->pw_uid);
if ((r = sshkey_load_public(tmp, &public, &comment)) != 0)
fatal("%s: unable to open \"%s\": %s",
__func__, tmp, ssh_err(r));
if (sshkey_is_cert(public))
fatal("%s: key \"%s\" type %s cannot be certified",
__func__, tmp, sshkey_type(public));
/* Prepare certificate to sign */
if ((r = sshkey_to_certified(public)) != 0)
fatal("Could not upgrade key %s to certificate: %s",
tmp, ssh_err(r));
public->cert->type = cert_key_type;
public->cert->serial = (u_int64_t)cert_serial;
public->cert->key_id = xstrdup(cert_key_id);
public->cert->nprincipals = n;
public->cert->principals = plist;
public->cert->valid_after = cert_valid_from;
public->cert->valid_before = cert_valid_to;
prepare_options_buf(public->cert->critical, OPTIONS_CRITICAL);
prepare_options_buf(public->cert->extensions,
OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS);
if ((r = sshkey_from_private(ca,
&public->cert->signature_key)) != 0)
fatal("sshkey_from_private (ca key): %s", ssh_err(r));
if (agent_fd != -1 && (ca->flags & SSHKEY_FLAG_EXT) != 0) {
if ((r = sshkey_certify_custom(public, ca,
key_type_name, sk_provider, agent_signer,
&agent_fd)) != 0)
fatal("Couldn't certify key %s via agent: %s",
tmp, ssh_err(r));
} else {
if (sshkey_is_sk(ca) &&
(ca->sk_flags & SSH_SK_USER_PRESENCE_REQD)) {
notifier = notify_start(0,
"Confirm user presence for key %s %s",
sshkey_type(ca), ca_fp);
}
r = sshkey_certify(public, ca, key_type_name,
sk_provider);
notify_complete(notifier);
if (r != 0)
fatal("Couldn't certify key %s: %s",
tmp, ssh_err(r));
}
if ((cp = strrchr(tmp, '.')) != NULL && strcmp(cp, ".pub") == 0)
*cp = '\0';
xasprintf(&out, "%s-cert.pub", tmp);
free(tmp);
if ((fd = open(out, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0644)) == -1)
fatal("Could not open \"%s\" for writing: %s", out,
strerror(errno));
if ((f = fdopen(fd, "w")) == NULL)
fatal("%s: fdopen: %s", __func__, strerror(errno));
if ((r = sshkey_write(public, f)) != 0)
fatal("Could not write certified key to %s: %s",
out, ssh_err(r));
fprintf(f, " %s\n", comment);
fclose(f);
if (!quiet) {
sshkey_format_cert_validity(public->cert,
valid, sizeof(valid));
logit("Signed %s key %s: id \"%s\" serial %llu%s%s "
"valid %s", sshkey_cert_type(public),
out, public->cert->key_id,
(unsigned long long)public->cert->serial,
cert_principals != NULL ? " for " : "",
cert_principals != NULL ? cert_principals : "",
valid);
}
sshkey_free(public);
free(out);
if (cert_serial_autoinc)
cert_serial++;
}
free(ca_fp);
#ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
pkcs11_terminate();
#endif
exit(0);
}
static u_int64_t
parse_relative_time(const char *s, time_t now)
{
int64_t mul, secs;
mul = *s == '-' ? -1 : 1;
if ((secs = convtime(s + 1)) == -1)
fatal("Invalid relative certificate time %s", s);
if (mul == -1 && secs > now)
fatal("Certificate time %s cannot be represented", s);
return now + (u_int64_t)(secs * mul);
}
static void
parse_cert_times(char *timespec)
{
char *from, *to;
time_t now = time(NULL);
int64_t secs;
/* +timespec relative to now */
if (*timespec == '+' && strchr(timespec, ':') == NULL) {
if ((secs = convtime(timespec + 1)) == -1)
fatal("Invalid relative certificate life %s", timespec);
cert_valid_to = now + secs;
/*
* Backdate certificate one minute to avoid problems on hosts
* with poorly-synchronised clocks.
*/
cert_valid_from = ((now - 59)/ 60) * 60;
return;
}
/*
* from:to, where
* from := [+-]timespec | YYYYMMDD | YYYYMMDDHHMMSS | "always"
* to := [+-]timespec | YYYYMMDD | YYYYMMDDHHMMSS | "forever"
*/
from = xstrdup(timespec);
to = strchr(from, ':');
if (to == NULL || from == to || *(to + 1) == '\0')
fatal("Invalid certificate life specification %s", timespec);
*to++ = '\0';
if (*from == '-' || *from == '+')
cert_valid_from = parse_relative_time(from, now);
else if (strcmp(from, "always") == 0)
cert_valid_from = 0;
else if (parse_absolute_time(from, &cert_valid_from) != 0)
fatal("Invalid from time \"%s\"", from);
if (*to == '-' || *to == '+')
cert_valid_to = parse_relative_time(to, now);
else if (strcmp(to, "forever") == 0)
cert_valid_to = ~(u_int64_t)0;
else if (parse_absolute_time(to, &cert_valid_to) != 0)
fatal("Invalid to time \"%s\"", to);
if (cert_valid_to <= cert_valid_from)
fatal("Empty certificate validity interval");
free(from);
}
static void
add_cert_option(char *opt)
{
char *val, *cp;
int iscrit = 0;
if (strcasecmp(opt, "clear") == 0)
certflags_flags = 0;
else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-x11-forwarding") == 0)
certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_X_FWD;
else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-x11-forwarding") == 0)
certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_X_FWD;
else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-agent-forwarding") == 0)
certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD;
else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-agent-forwarding") == 0)
certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD;
else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-port-forwarding") == 0)
certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_PORT_FWD;
else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-port-forwarding") == 0)
certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_PORT_FWD;
else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-pty") == 0)
certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_PTY;
else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-pty") == 0)
certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_PTY;
else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-user-rc") == 0)
certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_USER_RC;
else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-user-rc") == 0)
certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_USER_RC;
else if (strcasecmp(opt, "touch-required") == 0)
certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_NO_REQUIRE_USER_PRESENCE;
else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-touch-required") == 0)
certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_NO_REQUIRE_USER_PRESENCE;
else if (strncasecmp(opt, "force-command=", 14) == 0) {
val = opt + 14;
if (*val == '\0')
fatal("Empty force-command option");
if (certflags_command != NULL)
fatal("force-command already specified");
certflags_command = xstrdup(val);
} else if (strncasecmp(opt, "source-address=", 15) == 0) {
val = opt + 15;
if (*val == '\0')
fatal("Empty source-address option");
if (certflags_src_addr != NULL)
fatal("source-address already specified");
if (addr_match_cidr_list(NULL, val) != 0)
fatal("Invalid source-address list");
certflags_src_addr = xstrdup(val);
} else if (strncasecmp(opt, "extension:", 10) == 0 ||
(iscrit = (strncasecmp(opt, "critical:", 9) == 0))) {
val = xstrdup(strchr(opt, ':') + 1);
if ((cp = strchr(val, '=')) != NULL)
*cp++ = '\0';
cert_userext = xreallocarray(cert_userext, ncert_userext + 1,
sizeof(*cert_userext));
cert_userext[ncert_userext].key = val;
cert_userext[ncert_userext].val = cp == NULL ?
NULL : xstrdup(cp);
cert_userext[ncert_userext].crit = iscrit;
ncert_userext++;
} else
fatal("Unsupported certificate option \"%s\"", opt);
}
static void
show_options(struct sshbuf *optbuf, int in_critical)
{
char *name, *arg;
struct sshbuf *options, *option = NULL;
int r;
if ((options = sshbuf_fromb(optbuf)) == NULL)
fatal("%s: sshbuf_fromb failed", __func__);
while (sshbuf_len(options) != 0) {
sshbuf_free(option);
option = NULL;
if ((r = sshbuf_get_cstring(options, &name, NULL)) != 0 ||
(r = sshbuf_froms(options, &option)) != 0)
fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
printf(" %s", name);
if (!in_critical &&
(strcmp(name, "permit-X11-forwarding") == 0 ||
strcmp(name, "permit-agent-forwarding") == 0 ||
strcmp(name, "permit-port-forwarding") == 0 ||
strcmp(name, "permit-pty") == 0 ||
strcmp(name, "permit-user-rc") == 0 ||
strcmp(name, "no-touch-required") == 0)) {
printf("\n");
} else if (in_critical &&
(strcmp(name, "force-command") == 0 ||
strcmp(name, "source-address") == 0)) {
if ((r = sshbuf_get_cstring(option, &arg, NULL)) != 0)
fatal("%s: buffer error: %s",
__func__, ssh_err(r));
printf(" %s\n", arg);
free(arg);
} else {
printf(" UNKNOWN OPTION (len %zu)\n",
sshbuf_len(option));
sshbuf_reset(option);
}
free(name);
if (sshbuf_len(option) != 0)
fatal("Option corrupt: extra data at end");
}
sshbuf_free(option);
sshbuf_free(options);
}
static void
print_cert(struct sshkey *key)
{
char valid[64], *key_fp, *ca_fp;
u_int i;
key_fp = sshkey_fingerprint(key, fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_DEFAULT);
ca_fp = sshkey_fingerprint(key->cert->signature_key,
fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_DEFAULT);
if (key_fp == NULL || ca_fp == NULL)
fatal("%s: sshkey_fingerprint fail", __func__);
sshkey_format_cert_validity(key->cert, valid, sizeof(valid));
printf(" Type: %s %s certificate\n", sshkey_ssh_name(key),
sshkey_cert_type(key));
printf(" Public key: %s %s\n", sshkey_type(key), key_fp);
printf(" Signing CA: %s %s (using %s)\n",
sshkey_type(key->cert->signature_key), ca_fp,
key->cert->signature_type);
printf(" Key ID: \"%s\"\n", key->cert->key_id);
printf(" Serial: %llu\n", (unsigned long long)key->cert->serial);
printf(" Valid: %s\n", valid);
printf(" Principals: ");
if (key->cert->nprincipals == 0)
printf("(none)\n");
else {
for (i = 0; i < key->cert->nprincipals; i++)
printf("\n %s",
key->cert->principals[i]);
printf("\n");
}
printf(" Critical Options: ");
if (sshbuf_len(key->cert->critical) == 0)
printf("(none)\n");
else {
printf("\n");
show_options(key->cert->critical, 1);
}
printf(" Extensions: ");
if (sshbuf_len(key->cert->extensions) == 0)
printf("(none)\n");
else {
printf("\n");
show_options(key->cert->extensions, 0);
}
}
static void
do_show_cert(struct passwd *pw)
{
struct sshkey *key = NULL;
struct stat st;
int r, is_stdin = 0, ok = 0;
FILE *f;
char *cp, *line = NULL;
const char *path;
size_t linesize = 0;
u_long lnum = 0;
if (!have_identity)
ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
if (strcmp(identity_file, "-") != 0 && stat(identity_file, &st) == -1)
fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
path = identity_file;
if (strcmp(path, "-") == 0) {
f = stdin;
path = "(stdin)";
is_stdin = 1;
} else if ((f = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL)
fatal("fopen %s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno));
while (getline(&line, &linesize, f) != -1) {
lnum++;
sshkey_free(key);
key = NULL;
/* Trim leading space and comments */
cp = line + strspn(line, " \t");
if (*cp == '#' || *cp == '\0')
continue;
if ((key = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
fatal("sshkey_new");
if ((r = sshkey_read(key, &cp)) != 0) {
error("%s:%lu: invalid key: %s", path,
lnum, ssh_err(r));
continue;
}
if (!sshkey_is_cert(key)) {
error("%s:%lu is not a certificate", path, lnum);
continue;
}
ok = 1;
if (!is_stdin && lnum == 1)
printf("%s:\n", path);
else
printf("%s:%lu:\n", path, lnum);
print_cert(key);
}
free(line);
sshkey_free(key);
fclose(f);
exit(ok ? 0 : 1);
}
static void
load_krl(const char *path, struct ssh_krl **krlp)
{
struct sshbuf *krlbuf;
int r;
if ((r = sshbuf_load_file(path, &krlbuf)) != 0)
fatal("Unable to load KRL: %s", ssh_err(r));
/* XXX check sigs */
if ((r = ssh_krl_from_blob(krlbuf, krlp, NULL, 0)) != 0 ||
*krlp == NULL)
fatal("Invalid KRL file: %s", ssh_err(r));
sshbuf_free(krlbuf);
}
static void
hash_to_blob(const char *cp, u_char **blobp, size_t *lenp,
const char *file, u_long lnum)
{
char *tmp;
size_t tlen;
struct sshbuf *b;
int r;
if (strncmp(cp, "SHA256:", 7) != 0)
fatal("%s:%lu: unsupported hash algorithm", file, lnum);
cp += 7;
/*
* OpenSSH base64 hashes omit trailing '='
* characters; put them back for decode.
*/
tlen = strlen(cp);
tmp = xmalloc(tlen + 4 + 1);
strlcpy(tmp, cp, tlen + 1);
while ((tlen % 4) != 0) {
tmp[tlen++] = '=';
tmp[tlen] = '\0';
}
if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
fatal("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__);
if ((r = sshbuf_b64tod(b, tmp)) != 0)
fatal("%s:%lu: decode hash failed: %s", file, lnum, ssh_err(r));
free(tmp);
*lenp = sshbuf_len(b);
*blobp = xmalloc(*lenp);
memcpy(*blobp, sshbuf_ptr(b), *lenp);
sshbuf_free(b);
}
static void
update_krl_from_file(struct passwd *pw, const char *file, int wild_ca,
const struct sshkey *ca, struct ssh_krl *krl)
{
struct sshkey *key = NULL;
u_long lnum = 0;
char *path, *cp, *ep, *line = NULL;
u_char *blob = NULL;
size_t blen = 0, linesize = 0;
unsigned long long serial, serial2;
int i, was_explicit_key, was_sha1, was_sha256, was_hash, r;
FILE *krl_spec;
path = tilde_expand_filename(file, pw->pw_uid);
if (strcmp(path, "-") == 0) {
krl_spec = stdin;
free(path);
path = xstrdup("(standard input)");
} else if ((krl_spec = fopen(path, "r")) == NULL)
fatal("fopen %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
if (!quiet)
printf("Revoking from %s\n", path);
while (getline(&line, &linesize, krl_spec) != -1) {
lnum++;
was_explicit_key = was_sha1 = was_sha256 = was_hash = 0;
cp = line + strspn(line, " \t");
/* Trim trailing space, comments and strip \n */
for (i = 0, r = -1; cp[i] != '\0'; i++) {
if (cp[i] == '#' || cp[i] == '\n') {
cp[i] = '\0';
break;
}
if (cp[i] == ' ' || cp[i] == '\t') {
/* Remember the start of a span of whitespace */
if (r == -1)
r = i;
} else
r = -1;
}
if (r != -1)
cp[r] = '\0';
if (*cp == '\0')
continue;
if (strncasecmp(cp, "serial:", 7) == 0) {
if (ca == NULL && !wild_ca) {
fatal("revoking certificates by serial number "
"requires specification of a CA key");
}
cp += 7;
cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t");
errno = 0;
serial = strtoull(cp, &ep, 0);
if (*cp == '\0' || (*ep != '\0' && *ep != '-'))
fatal("%s:%lu: invalid serial \"%s\"",
path, lnum, cp);
if (errno == ERANGE && serial == ULLONG_MAX)
fatal("%s:%lu: serial out of range",
path, lnum);
serial2 = serial;
if (*ep == '-') {
cp = ep + 1;
errno = 0;
serial2 = strtoull(cp, &ep, 0);
if (*cp == '\0' || *ep != '\0')
fatal("%s:%lu: invalid serial \"%s\"",
path, lnum, cp);
if (errno == ERANGE && serial2 == ULLONG_MAX)
fatal("%s:%lu: serial out of range",
path, lnum);
if (serial2 <= serial)
fatal("%s:%lu: invalid serial range "
"%llu:%llu", path, lnum,
(unsigned long long)serial,
(unsigned long long)serial2);
}
if (ssh_krl_revoke_cert_by_serial_range(krl,
ca, serial, serial2) != 0) {
fatal("%s: revoke serial failed",
__func__);
}
} else if (strncasecmp(cp, "id:", 3) == 0) {
if (ca == NULL && !wild_ca) {
fatal("revoking certificates by key ID "
"requires specification of a CA key");
}
cp += 3;
cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t");
if (ssh_krl_revoke_cert_by_key_id(krl, ca, cp) != 0)
fatal("%s: revoke key ID failed", __func__);
} else if (strncasecmp(cp, "hash:", 5) == 0) {
cp += 5;
cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t");
hash_to_blob(cp, &blob, &blen, file, lnum);
r = ssh_krl_revoke_key_sha256(krl, blob, blen);
} else {
if (strncasecmp(cp, "key:", 4) == 0) {
cp += 4;
cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t");
was_explicit_key = 1;
} else if (strncasecmp(cp, "sha1:", 5) == 0) {
cp += 5;
cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t");
was_sha1 = 1;
} else if (strncasecmp(cp, "sha256:", 7) == 0) {
cp += 7;
cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t");
was_sha256 = 1;
/*
* Just try to process the line as a key.
* Parsing will fail if it isn't.
*/
}
if ((key = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
fatal("sshkey_new");
if ((r = sshkey_read(key, &cp)) != 0)
fatal("%s:%lu: invalid key: %s",
path, lnum, ssh_err(r));
if (was_explicit_key)
r = ssh_krl_revoke_key_explicit(krl, key);
else if (was_sha1) {
if (sshkey_fingerprint_raw(key,
SSH_DIGEST_SHA1, &blob, &blen) != 0) {
fatal("%s:%lu: fingerprint failed",
file, lnum);
}
r = ssh_krl_revoke_key_sha1(krl, blob, blen);
} else if (was_sha256) {
if (sshkey_fingerprint_raw(key,
SSH_DIGEST_SHA256, &blob, &blen) != 0) {
fatal("%s:%lu: fingerprint failed",
file, lnum);
}
r = ssh_krl_revoke_key_sha256(krl, blob, blen);
} else
r = ssh_krl_revoke_key(krl, key);
if (r != 0)
fatal("%s: revoke key failed: %s",
__func__, ssh_err(r));
freezero(blob, blen);
blob = NULL;
blen = 0;
sshkey_free(key);
}
}
if (strcmp(path, "-") != 0)
fclose(krl_spec);
free(line);
free(path);
}
static void
do_gen_krl(struct passwd *pw, int updating, const char *ca_key_path,
unsigned long long krl_version, const char *krl_comment,
int argc, char **argv)
{
struct ssh_krl *krl;
struct stat sb;
struct sshkey *ca = NULL;
int i, r, wild_ca = 0;
char *tmp;
struct sshbuf *kbuf;
if (*identity_file == '\0')
fatal("KRL generation requires an output file");
if (stat(identity_file, &sb) == -1) {
if (errno != ENOENT)
fatal("Cannot access KRL \"%s\": %s",
identity_file, strerror(errno));
if (updating)
fatal("KRL \"%s\" does not exist", identity_file);
}
if (ca_key_path != NULL) {
if (strcasecmp(ca_key_path, "none") == 0)
wild_ca = 1;
else {
tmp = tilde_expand_filename(ca_key_path, pw->pw_uid);
if ((r = sshkey_load_public(tmp, &ca, NULL)) != 0)
fatal("Cannot load CA public key %s: %s",
tmp, ssh_err(r));
free(tmp);
}
}
if (updating)
load_krl(identity_file, &krl);
else if ((krl = ssh_krl_init()) == NULL)
fatal("couldn't create KRL");
if (krl_version != 0)
ssh_krl_set_version(krl, krl_version);
if (krl_comment != NULL)
ssh_krl_set_comment(krl, krl_comment);
for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
update_krl_from_file(pw, argv[i], wild_ca, ca, krl);
if ((kbuf = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
fatal("sshbuf_new failed");
if (ssh_krl_to_blob(krl, kbuf, NULL, 0) != 0)
fatal("Couldn't generate KRL");
if ((r = sshbuf_write_file(identity_file, kbuf)) != 0)
fatal("write %s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno));
sshbuf_free(kbuf);
ssh_krl_free(krl);
sshkey_free(ca);
}
static void
do_check_krl(struct passwd *pw, int argc, char **argv)
{
int i, r, ret = 0;
char *comment;
struct ssh_krl *krl;
struct sshkey *k;
if (*identity_file == '\0')
fatal("KRL checking requires an input file");
load_krl(identity_file, &krl);
for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
if ((r = sshkey_load_public(argv[i], &k, &comment)) != 0)
fatal("Cannot load public key %s: %s",
argv[i], ssh_err(r));
r = ssh_krl_check_key(krl, k);
printf("%s%s%s%s: %s\n", argv[i],
*comment ? " (" : "", comment, *comment ? ")" : "",
r == 0 ? "ok" : "REVOKED");
if (r != 0)
ret = 1;
sshkey_free(k);
free(comment);
}
ssh_krl_free(krl);
exit(ret);
}
static struct sshkey *
load_sign_key(const char *keypath, const struct sshkey *pubkey)
{
size_t i, slen, plen = strlen(keypath);
char *privpath = xstrdup(keypath);
const char *suffixes[] = { "-cert.pub", ".pub", NULL };
struct sshkey *ret = NULL, *privkey = NULL;
int r;
/*
* If passed a public key filename, then try to locate the correponding
* private key. This lets us specify certificates on the command-line
* and have ssh-keygen find the appropriate private key.
*/
for (i = 0; suffixes[i]; i++) {
slen = strlen(suffixes[i]);
if (plen <= slen ||
strcmp(privpath + plen - slen, suffixes[i]) != 0)
continue;
privpath[plen - slen] = '\0';
debug("%s: %s looks like a public key, using private key "
"path %s instead", __func__, keypath, privpath);
}
if ((privkey = load_identity(privpath, NULL)) == NULL) {
error("Couldn't load identity %s", keypath);
goto done;
}
if (!sshkey_equal_public(pubkey, privkey)) {
error("Public key %s doesn't match private %s",
keypath, privpath);
goto done;
}
if (sshkey_is_cert(pubkey) && !sshkey_is_cert(privkey)) {
/*
* Graft the certificate onto the private key to make
* it capable of signing.
*/
if ((r = sshkey_to_certified(privkey)) != 0) {
error("%s: sshkey_to_certified: %s", __func__,
ssh_err(r));
goto done;
}
if ((r = sshkey_cert_copy(pubkey, privkey)) != 0) {
error("%s: sshkey_cert_copy: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
goto done;
}
}
/* success */
ret = privkey;
privkey = NULL;
done:
sshkey_free(privkey);
free(privpath);
return ret;
}
static int
sign_one(struct sshkey *signkey, const char *filename, int fd,
const char *sig_namespace, sshsig_signer *signer, void *signer_ctx)
{
struct sshbuf *sigbuf = NULL, *abuf = NULL;
int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, wfd = -1, oerrno;
char *wfile = NULL, *asig = NULL, *fp = NULL;
if (!quiet) {
if (fd == STDIN_FILENO)
fprintf(stderr, "Signing data on standard input\n");
else
fprintf(stderr, "Signing file %s\n", filename);
}
if (signer == NULL && sshkey_is_sk(signkey) &&
(signkey->sk_flags & SSH_SK_USER_PRESENCE_REQD)) {
if ((fp = sshkey_fingerprint(signkey, fingerprint_hash,
SSH_FP_DEFAULT)) == NULL)
fatal("%s: sshkey_fingerprint failed", __func__);
fprintf(stderr, "Confirm user presence for key %s %s\n",
sshkey_type(signkey), fp);
free(fp);
}
if ((r = sshsig_sign_fd(signkey, NULL, sk_provider, fd, sig_namespace,
&sigbuf, signer, signer_ctx)) != 0) {
error("Signing %s failed: %s", filename, ssh_err(r));
goto out;
}
if ((r = sshsig_armor(sigbuf, &abuf)) != 0) {
error("%s: sshsig_armor: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
goto out;
}
if ((asig = sshbuf_dup_string(abuf)) == NULL) {
error("%s: buffer error", __func__);
r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
goto out;
}
if (fd == STDIN_FILENO) {
fputs(asig, stdout);
fflush(stdout);
} else {
xasprintf(&wfile, "%s.sig", filename);
if (confirm_overwrite(wfile)) {
if ((wfd = open(wfile, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC,
0666)) == -1) {
oerrno = errno;
error("Cannot open %s: %s",
wfile, strerror(errno));
errno = oerrno;
r = SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR;
goto out;
}
if (atomicio(vwrite, wfd, asig,
strlen(asig)) != strlen(asig)) {
oerrno = errno;
error("Cannot write to %s: %s",
wfile, strerror(errno));
errno = oerrno;
r = SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR;
goto out;
}
if (!quiet) {
fprintf(stderr, "Write signature to %s\n",
wfile);
}
}
}
/* success */
r = 0;
out:
free(wfile);
free(asig);
sshbuf_free(abuf);
sshbuf_free(sigbuf);
if (wfd != -1)
close(wfd);
return r;
}
static int
sig_sign(const char *keypath, const char *sig_namespace, int argc, char **argv)
{
int i, fd = -1, r, ret = -1;
int agent_fd = -1;
struct sshkey *pubkey = NULL, *privkey = NULL, *signkey = NULL;
sshsig_signer *signer = NULL;
/* Check file arguments. */
for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
if (strcmp(argv[i], "-") != 0)
continue;
if (i > 0 || argc > 1)
fatal("Cannot sign mix of paths and standard input");
}
if ((r = sshkey_load_public(keypath, &pubkey, NULL)) != 0) {
error("Couldn't load public key %s: %s", keypath, ssh_err(r));
goto done;
}
if ((r = ssh_get_authentication_socket(&agent_fd)) != 0)
debug("Couldn't get agent socket: %s", ssh_err(r));
else {
if ((r = ssh_agent_has_key(agent_fd, pubkey)) == 0)
signer = agent_signer;
else
debug("Couldn't find key in agent: %s", ssh_err(r));
}
if (signer == NULL) {
/* Not using agent - try to load private key */
if ((privkey = load_sign_key(keypath, pubkey)) == NULL)
goto done;
signkey = privkey;
} else {
/* Will use key in agent */
signkey = pubkey;
}
if (argc == 0) {
if ((r = sign_one(signkey, "(stdin)", STDIN_FILENO,
sig_namespace, signer, &agent_fd)) != 0)
goto done;
} else {
for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
if (strcmp(argv[i], "-") == 0)
fd = STDIN_FILENO;
else if ((fd = open(argv[i], O_RDONLY)) == -1) {
error("Cannot open %s for signing: %s",
argv[i], strerror(errno));
goto done;
}
if ((r = sign_one(signkey, argv[i], fd, sig_namespace,
signer, &agent_fd)) != 0)
goto done;
if (fd != STDIN_FILENO)
close(fd);
fd = -1;
}
}
ret = 0;
done:
if (fd != -1 && fd != STDIN_FILENO)
close(fd);
sshkey_free(pubkey);
sshkey_free(privkey);
return ret;
}
static int
sig_verify(const char *signature, const char *sig_namespace,
const char *principal, const char *allowed_keys, const char *revoked_keys)
{
int r, ret = -1;
struct sshbuf *sigbuf = NULL, *abuf = NULL;
struct sshkey *sign_key = NULL;
char *fp = NULL;
struct sshkey_sig_details *sig_details = NULL;
memset(&sig_details, 0, sizeof(sig_details));
if ((r = sshbuf_load_file(signature, &abuf)) != 0) {
error("Couldn't read signature file: %s", ssh_err(r));
goto done;
}
if ((r = sshsig_dearmor(abuf, &sigbuf)) != 0) {
error("%s: sshsig_armor: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
goto done;
}
if ((r = sshsig_verify_fd(sigbuf, STDIN_FILENO, sig_namespace,
&sign_key, &sig_details)) != 0)
goto done; /* sshsig_verify() prints error */
if ((fp = sshkey_fingerprint(sign_key, fingerprint_hash,
SSH_FP_DEFAULT)) == NULL)
fatal("%s: sshkey_fingerprint failed", __func__);
debug("Valid (unverified) signature from key %s", fp);
if (sig_details != NULL) {
debug2("%s: signature details: counter = %u, flags = 0x%02x",
__func__, sig_details->sk_counter, sig_details->sk_flags);
}
free(fp);
fp = NULL;
if (revoked_keys != NULL) {
if ((r = sshkey_check_revoked(sign_key, revoked_keys)) != 0) {
debug3("sshkey_check_revoked failed: %s", ssh_err(r));
goto done;
}
}
if (allowed_keys != NULL &&
(r = sshsig_check_allowed_keys(allowed_keys, sign_key,
principal, sig_namespace)) != 0) {
debug3("sshsig_check_allowed_keys failed: %s", ssh_err(r));
goto done;
}
/* success */
ret = 0;
done:
if (!quiet) {
if (ret == 0) {
if ((fp = sshkey_fingerprint(sign_key, fingerprint_hash,
SSH_FP_DEFAULT)) == NULL) {
fatal("%s: sshkey_fingerprint failed",
__func__);
}
if (principal == NULL) {
printf("Good \"%s\" signature with %s key %s\n",
sig_namespace, sshkey_type(sign_key), fp);
} else {
printf("Good \"%s\" signature for %s with %s key %s\n",
sig_namespace, principal,
sshkey_type(sign_key), fp);
}
} else {
printf("Could not verify signature.\n");
}
}
sshbuf_free(sigbuf);
sshbuf_free(abuf);
sshkey_free(sign_key);
sshkey_sig_details_free(sig_details);
free(fp);
return ret;
}
static int
sig_find_principals(const char *signature, const char *allowed_keys) {
int r, ret = -1;
struct sshbuf *sigbuf = NULL, *abuf = NULL;
struct sshkey *sign_key = NULL;
char *principals = NULL, *cp, *tmp;
if ((r = sshbuf_load_file(signature, &abuf)) != 0) {
error("Couldn't read signature file: %s", ssh_err(r));
goto done;
}
if ((r = sshsig_dearmor(abuf, &sigbuf)) != 0) {
error("%s: sshsig_armor: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
goto done;
}
if ((r = sshsig_get_pubkey(sigbuf, &sign_key)) != 0) {
error("%s: sshsig_get_pubkey: %s",
__func__, ssh_err(r));
goto done;
}
if ((r = sshsig_find_principals(allowed_keys, sign_key,
&principals)) != 0) {
error("%s: sshsig_get_principal: %s",
__func__, ssh_err(r));
goto done;
}
ret = 0;
done:
if (ret == 0 ) {
/* Emit matching principals one per line */
tmp = principals;
while ((cp = strsep(&tmp, ",")) != NULL && *cp != '\0')
puts(cp);
} else {
fprintf(stderr, "No principal matched.\n");
}
sshbuf_free(sigbuf);
sshbuf_free(abuf);
sshkey_free(sign_key);
free(principals);
return ret;
}
static void
do_moduli_gen(const char *out_file, char **opts, size_t nopts)
{
#ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
/* Moduli generation/screening */
u_int32_t memory = 0;
BIGNUM *start = NULL;
int moduli_bits = 0;
FILE *out;
size_t i;
const char *errstr;
/* Parse options */
for (i = 0; i < nopts; i++) {
if (strncmp(opts[i], "memory=", 7) == 0) {
memory = (u_int32_t)strtonum(opts[i]+7, 1,
UINT_MAX, &errstr);
if (errstr) {
fatal("Memory limit is %s: %s",
errstr, opts[i]+7);
}
} else if (strncmp(opts[i], "start=", 6) == 0) {
/* XXX - also compare length against bits */
if (BN_hex2bn(&start, opts[i]+6) == 0)
fatal("Invalid start point.");
} else if (strncmp(opts[i], "bits=", 5) == 0) {
moduli_bits = (int)strtonum(opts[i]+5, 1,
INT_MAX, &errstr);
if (errstr) {
fatal("Invalid number: %s (%s)",
opts[i]+12, errstr);
}
} else {
fatal("Option \"%s\" is unsupported for moduli "
"generation", opts[i]);
}
}
if ((out = fopen(out_file, "w")) == NULL) {
fatal("Couldn't open modulus candidate file \"%s\": %s",
out_file, strerror(errno));
}
setvbuf(out, NULL, _IOLBF, 0);
if (moduli_bits == 0)
moduli_bits = DEFAULT_BITS;
if (gen_candidates(out, memory, moduli_bits, start) != 0)
fatal("modulus candidate generation failed");
#else /* WITH_OPENSSL */
fatal("Moduli generation is not supported");
#endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
}
static void
do_moduli_screen(const char *out_file, char **opts, size_t nopts)
{
#ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
/* Moduli generation/screening */
char *checkpoint = NULL;
u_int32_t generator_wanted = 0;
unsigned long start_lineno = 0, lines_to_process = 0;
int prime_tests = 0;
FILE *out, *in = stdin;
size_t i;
const char *errstr;
/* Parse options */
for (i = 0; i < nopts; i++) {
if (strncmp(opts[i], "lines=", 6) == 0) {
lines_to_process = strtoul(opts[i]+6, NULL, 10);
} else if (strncmp(opts[i], "start-line=", 11) == 0) {
start_lineno = strtoul(opts[i]+11, NULL, 10);
} else if (strncmp(opts[i], "checkpoint=", 11) == 0) {
checkpoint = xstrdup(opts[i]+11);
} else if (strncmp(opts[i], "generator=", 10) == 0) {
generator_wanted = (u_int32_t)strtonum(
opts[i]+10, 1, UINT_MAX, &errstr);
if (errstr != NULL) {
fatal("Generator invalid: %s (%s)",
opts[i]+10, errstr);
}
} else if (strncmp(opts[i], "prime-tests=", 12) == 0) {
prime_tests = (int)strtonum(opts[i]+12, 1,
INT_MAX, &errstr);
if (errstr) {
fatal("Invalid number: %s (%s)",
opts[i]+12, errstr);
}
} else {
fatal("Option \"%s\" is unsupported for moduli "
"screening", opts[i]);
}
}
if (have_identity && strcmp(identity_file, "-") != 0) {
if ((in = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL) {
fatal("Couldn't open modulus candidate "
"file \"%s\": %s", identity_file,
strerror(errno));
}
}
if ((out = fopen(out_file, "a")) == NULL) {
fatal("Couldn't open moduli file \"%s\": %s",
out_file, strerror(errno));
}
setvbuf(out, NULL, _IOLBF, 0);
if (prime_test(in, out, prime_tests == 0 ? 100 : prime_tests,
generator_wanted, checkpoint,
start_lineno, lines_to_process) != 0)
fatal("modulus screening failed");
#else /* WITH_OPENSSL */
fatal("Moduli screening is not supported");
#endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
}
static char *
private_key_passphrase(void)
{
char *passphrase1, *passphrase2;
/* Ask for a passphrase (twice). */
if (identity_passphrase)
passphrase1 = xstrdup(identity_passphrase);
else if (identity_new_passphrase)
passphrase1 = xstrdup(identity_new_passphrase);
else {
passphrase_again:
passphrase1 =
read_passphrase("Enter passphrase (empty for no "
"passphrase): ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
passphrase2 = read_passphrase("Enter same passphrase again: ",
RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
if (strcmp(passphrase1, passphrase2) != 0) {
/*
* The passphrases do not match. Clear them and
* retry.
*/
freezero(passphrase1, strlen(passphrase1));
freezero(passphrase2, strlen(passphrase2));
printf("Passphrases do not match. Try again.\n");
goto passphrase_again;
}
/* Clear the other copy of the passphrase. */
freezero(passphrase2, strlen(passphrase2));
}
return passphrase1;
}
static const char *
skip_ssh_url_preamble(const char *s)
{
if (strncmp(s, "ssh://", 6) == 0)
return s + 6;
else if (strncmp(s, "ssh:", 4) == 0)
return s + 4;
return s;
}
static int
do_download_sk(const char *skprovider, const char *device)
{
struct sshkey **keys;
size_t nkeys, i;
int r, ok = -1;
char *fp, *pin, *pass = NULL, *path, *pubpath;
const char *ext;
if (skprovider == NULL)
fatal("Cannot download keys without provider");
pin = read_passphrase("Enter PIN for authenticator: ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
if ((r = sshsk_load_resident(skprovider, device, pin,
&keys, &nkeys)) != 0) {
freezero(pin, strlen(pin));
error("Unable to load resident keys: %s", ssh_err(r));
return -1;
}
if (nkeys == 0)
logit("No keys to download");
freezero(pin, strlen(pin));
for (i = 0; i < nkeys; i++) {
if (keys[i]->type != KEY_ECDSA_SK &&
keys[i]->type != KEY_ED25519_SK) {
error("Unsupported key type %s (%d)",
sshkey_type(keys[i]), keys[i]->type);
continue;
}
if ((fp = sshkey_fingerprint(keys[i],
fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_DEFAULT)) == NULL)
fatal("%s: sshkey_fingerprint failed", __func__);
debug("%s: key %zu: %s %s %s (flags 0x%02x)", __func__, i,
sshkey_type(keys[i]), fp, keys[i]->sk_application,
keys[i]->sk_flags);
ext = skip_ssh_url_preamble(keys[i]->sk_application);
xasprintf(&path, "id_%s_rk%s%s",
keys[i]->type == KEY_ECDSA_SK ? "ecdsa_sk" : "ed25519_sk",
*ext == '\0' ? "" : "_", ext);
/* If the file already exists, ask the user to confirm. */
if (!confirm_overwrite(path)) {
free(path);
break;
}
/* Save the key with the application string as the comment */
if (pass == NULL)
pass = private_key_passphrase();
if ((r = sshkey_save_private(keys[i], path, pass,
keys[i]->sk_application, private_key_format,
openssh_format_cipher, rounds)) != 0) {
error("Saving key \"%s\" failed: %s",
path, ssh_err(r));
free(path);
break;
}
if (!quiet) {
printf("Saved %s key%s%s to %s\n",
sshkey_type(keys[i]),
*ext != '\0' ? " " : "",
*ext != '\0' ? keys[i]->sk_application : "",
path);
}
/* Save public key too */
xasprintf(&pubpath, "%s.pub", path);
free(path);
if ((r = sshkey_save_public(keys[i], pubpath,
keys[i]->sk_application)) != 0) {
free(pubpath);
error("Saving public key \"%s\" failed: %s",
pubpath, ssh_err(r));
break;
}
free(pubpath);
}
if (i >= nkeys)
ok = 0; /* success */
if (pass != NULL)
freezero(pass, strlen(pass));
for (i = 0; i < nkeys; i++)
sshkey_free(keys[i]);
free(keys);
return ok ? 0 : -1;
}
static void
usage(void)
{
fprintf(stderr,
"usage: ssh-keygen [-q] [-b bits] [-C comment] [-f output_keyfile] [-m format]\n"
" [-t dsa | ecdsa | ecdsa-sk | ed25519 | ed25519-sk | rsa]\n"
" [-N new_passphrase] [-O option] [-w provider]\n"
" ssh-keygen -p [-f keyfile] [-m format] [-N new_passphrase]\n"
" [-P old_passphrase]\n"
" ssh-keygen -i [-f input_keyfile] [-m key_format]\n"
" ssh-keygen -e [-f input_keyfile] [-m key_format]\n"
" ssh-keygen -y [-f input_keyfile]\n"
" ssh-keygen -c [-C comment] [-f keyfile] [-P passphrase]\n"
" ssh-keygen -l [-v] [-E fingerprint_hash] [-f input_keyfile]\n"
" ssh-keygen -B [-f input_keyfile]\n");
#ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
fprintf(stderr,
" ssh-keygen -D pkcs11\n");
#endif
fprintf(stderr,
" ssh-keygen -F hostname [-lv] [-f known_hosts_file]\n"
" ssh-keygen -H [-f known_hosts_file]\n"
" ssh-keygen -K [-w provider]\n"
" ssh-keygen -R hostname [-f known_hosts_file]\n"
" ssh-keygen -r hostname [-g] [-f input_keyfile]\n"
#ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
" ssh-keygen -M generate [-O option] output_file\n"
" ssh-keygen -M screen [-f input_file] [-O option] output_file\n"
#endif
" ssh-keygen -I certificate_identity -s ca_key [-hU] [-D pkcs11_provider]\n"
" [-n principals] [-O option] [-V validity_interval]\n"
" [-z serial_number] file ...\n"
" ssh-keygen -L [-f input_keyfile]\n"
" ssh-keygen -A [-f prefix_path]\n"
" ssh-keygen -k -f krl_file [-u] [-s ca_public] [-z version_number]\n"
" file ...\n"
" ssh-keygen -Q -f krl_file file ...\n"
" ssh-keygen -Y find-principals -s signature_file -f allowed_signers_file\n"
" ssh-keygen -Y check-novalidate -n namespace -s signature_file\n"
" ssh-keygen -Y sign -f key_file -n namespace file ...\n"
" ssh-keygen -Y verify -f allowed_signers_file -I signer_identity\n"
" -n namespace -s signature_file [-r revocation_file]\n");
exit(1);
}
/*
* Main program for key management.
*/
int
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
char dotsshdir[PATH_MAX], comment[1024], *passphrase;
char *rr_hostname = NULL, *ep, *fp, *ra;
struct sshkey *private, *public;
struct passwd *pw;
struct stat st;
int r, opt, type;
int change_passphrase = 0, change_comment = 0, show_cert = 0;
int find_host = 0, delete_host = 0, hash_hosts = 0;
int gen_all_hostkeys = 0, gen_krl = 0, update_krl = 0, check_krl = 0;
int prefer_agent = 0, convert_to = 0, convert_from = 0;
int print_public = 0, print_generic = 0, cert_serial_autoinc = 0;
int do_gen_candidates = 0, do_screen_candidates = 0, download_sk = 0;
unsigned long long cert_serial = 0;
char *identity_comment = NULL, *ca_key_path = NULL, **opts = NULL;
char *sk_application = NULL, *sk_device = NULL, *sk_user = NULL;
char *sk_attestaion_path = NULL;
struct sshbuf *challenge = NULL, *attest = NULL;
size_t i, nopts = 0;
u_int32_t bits = 0;
uint8_t sk_flags = SSH_SK_USER_PRESENCE_REQD;
const char *errstr;
int log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO;
char *sign_op = NULL;
extern int optind;
extern char *optarg;
/* Ensure that fds 0, 1 and 2 are open or directed to /dev/null */
sanitise_stdfd();
__progname = ssh_get_progname(argv[0]);
seed_rng();
log_init(argv[0], SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO, SYSLOG_FACILITY_USER, 1);
msetlocale();
/* we need this for the home * directory. */
pw = getpwuid(getuid());
if (!pw)
fatal("No user exists for uid %lu", (u_long)getuid());
if (gethostname(hostname, sizeof(hostname)) == -1)
fatal("gethostname: %s", strerror(errno));
sk_provider = getenv("SSH_SK_PROVIDER");
/* Remaining characters: dGjJSTWx */
while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "ABHKLQUXceghiklopquvy"
"C:D:E:F:I:M:N:O:P:R:V:Y:Z:"
"a:b:f:g:m:n:r:s:t:w:z:")) != -1) {
switch (opt) {
case 'A':
gen_all_hostkeys = 1;
break;
case 'b':
bits = (u_int32_t)strtonum(optarg, 1, UINT32_MAX,
&errstr);
if (errstr)
fatal("Bits has bad value %s (%s)",
optarg, errstr);
break;
case 'E':
fingerprint_hash = ssh_digest_alg_by_name(optarg);
if (fingerprint_hash == -1)
fatal("Invalid hash algorithm \"%s\"", optarg);
break;
case 'F':
find_host = 1;
rr_hostname = optarg;
break;
case 'H':
hash_hosts = 1;
break;
case 'I':
cert_key_id = optarg;
break;
case 'R':
delete_host = 1;
rr_hostname = optarg;
break;
case 'L':
show_cert = 1;
break;
case 'l':
print_fingerprint = 1;
break;
case 'B':
print_bubblebabble = 1;
break;
case 'm':
if (strcasecmp(optarg, "RFC4716") == 0 ||
strcasecmp(optarg, "ssh2") == 0) {
convert_format = FMT_RFC4716;
break;
}
if (strcasecmp(optarg, "PKCS8") == 0) {
convert_format = FMT_PKCS8;
private_key_format = SSHKEY_PRIVATE_PKCS8;
break;
}
if (strcasecmp(optarg, "PEM") == 0) {
convert_format = FMT_PEM;
private_key_format = SSHKEY_PRIVATE_PEM;
break;
}
fatal("Unsupported conversion format \"%s\"", optarg);
case 'n':
cert_principals = optarg;
break;
case 'o':
/* no-op; new format is already the default */
break;
case 'p':
change_passphrase = 1;
break;
case 'c':
change_comment = 1;
break;
case 'f':
if (strlcpy(identity_file, optarg,
sizeof(identity_file)) >= sizeof(identity_file))
fatal("Identity filename too long");
have_identity = 1;
break;
case 'g':
print_generic = 1;
break;
case 'K':
download_sk = 1;
break;
case 'P':
identity_passphrase = optarg;
break;
case 'N':
identity_new_passphrase = optarg;
break;
case 'Q':
check_krl = 1;
break;
case 'O':
opts = xrecallocarray(opts, nopts, nopts + 1,
sizeof(*opts));
opts[nopts++] = xstrdup(optarg);
break;
case 'Z':
openssh_format_cipher = optarg;
break;
case 'C':
identity_comment = optarg;
break;
case 'q':
quiet = 1;
break;
case 'e':
/* export key */
convert_to = 1;
break;
case 'h':
cert_key_type = SSH2_CERT_TYPE_HOST;
certflags_flags = 0;
break;
case 'k':
gen_krl = 1;
break;
case 'i':
case 'X':
/* import key */
convert_from = 1;
break;
case 'y':
print_public = 1;
break;
case 's':
ca_key_path = optarg;
break;
case 't':
key_type_name = optarg;
break;
case 'D':
pkcs11provider = optarg;
break;
case 'U':
prefer_agent = 1;
break;
case 'u':
update_krl = 1;
break;
case 'v':
if (log_level == SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO)
log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1;
else {
if (log_level >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1 &&
log_level < SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG3)
log_level++;
}
break;
case 'r':
rr_hostname = optarg;
break;
case 'a':
rounds = (int)strtonum(optarg, 1, INT_MAX, &errstr);
if (errstr)
fatal("Invalid number: %s (%s)",
optarg, errstr);
break;
case 'V':
parse_cert_times(optarg);
break;
case 'Y':
sign_op = optarg;
break;
case 'w':
sk_provider = optarg;
break;
case 'z':
errno = 0;
if (*optarg == '+') {
cert_serial_autoinc = 1;
optarg++;
}
cert_serial = strtoull(optarg, &ep, 10);
if (*optarg < '0' || *optarg > '9' || *ep != '\0' ||
(errno == ERANGE && cert_serial == ULLONG_MAX))
fatal("Invalid serial number \"%s\"", optarg);
break;
case 'M':
if (strcmp(optarg, "generate") == 0)
do_gen_candidates = 1;
else if (strcmp(optarg, "screen") == 0)
do_screen_candidates = 1;
else
fatal("Unsupported moduli option %s", optarg);
break;
case '?':
default:
usage();
}
}
#ifdef ENABLE_SK_INTERNAL
if (sk_provider == NULL)
sk_provider = "internal";
#endif
/* reinit */
log_init(argv[0], log_level, SYSLOG_FACILITY_USER, 1);
argv += optind;
argc -= optind;
if (sign_op != NULL) {
if (strncmp(sign_op, "find-principals", 15) == 0) {
if (ca_key_path == NULL) {
error("Too few arguments for find-principals:"
"missing signature file");
exit(1);
}
if (!have_identity) {
error("Too few arguments for find-principals:"
"missing allowed keys file");
exit(1);
}
return sig_find_principals(ca_key_path, identity_file);
} else if (strncmp(sign_op, "sign", 4) == 0) {
if (cert_principals == NULL ||
*cert_principals == '\0') {
error("Too few arguments for sign: "
"missing namespace");
exit(1);
}
if (!have_identity) {
error("Too few arguments for sign: "
"missing key");
exit(1);
}
return sig_sign(identity_file, cert_principals,
argc, argv);
} else if (strncmp(sign_op, "check-novalidate", 16) == 0) {
if (ca_key_path == NULL) {
error("Too few arguments for check-novalidate: "
"missing signature file");
exit(1);
}
return sig_verify(ca_key_path, cert_principals,
NULL, NULL, NULL);
} else if (strncmp(sign_op, "verify", 6) == 0) {
if (cert_principals == NULL ||
*cert_principals == '\0') {
error("Too few arguments for verify: "
"missing namespace");
exit(1);
}
if (ca_key_path == NULL) {
error("Too few arguments for verify: "
"missing signature file");
exit(1);
}
if (!have_identity) {
error("Too few arguments for sign: "
"missing allowed keys file");
exit(1);
}
if (cert_key_id == NULL) {
error("Too few arguments for verify: "
"missing principal ID");
exit(1);
}
return sig_verify(ca_key_path, cert_principals,
cert_key_id, identity_file, rr_hostname);
}
error("Unsupported operation for -Y: \"%s\"", sign_op);
usage();
/* NOTREACHED */
}
if (ca_key_path != NULL) {
if (argc < 1 && !gen_krl) {
error("Too few arguments.");
usage();
}
} else if (argc > 0 && !gen_krl && !check_krl &&
!do_gen_candidates && !do_screen_candidates) {
error("Too many arguments.");
usage();
}
if (change_passphrase && change_comment) {
error("Can only have one of -p and -c.");
usage();
}
if (print_fingerprint && (delete_host || hash_hosts)) {
error("Cannot use -l with -H or -R.");
usage();
}
if (gen_krl) {
do_gen_krl(pw, update_krl, ca_key_path,
cert_serial, identity_comment, argc, argv);
return (0);
}
if (check_krl) {
do_check_krl(pw, argc, argv);
return (0);
}
if (ca_key_path != NULL) {
if (cert_key_id == NULL)
fatal("Must specify key id (-I) when certifying");
for (i = 0; i < nopts; i++)
add_cert_option(opts[i]);
do_ca_sign(pw, ca_key_path, prefer_agent,
cert_serial, cert_serial_autoinc, argc, argv);
}
if (show_cert)
do_show_cert(pw);
if (delete_host || hash_hosts || find_host) {
do_known_hosts(pw, rr_hostname, find_host,
delete_host, hash_hosts);
}
if (pkcs11provider != NULL)
do_download(pw);
if (download_sk) {
for (i = 0; i < nopts; i++) {
if (strncasecmp(opts[i], "device=", 7) == 0) {
sk_device = xstrdup(opts[i] + 7);
} else {
fatal("Option \"%s\" is unsupported for "
"FIDO authenticator download", opts[i]);
}
}
return do_download_sk(sk_provider, sk_device);
}
if (print_fingerprint || print_bubblebabble)
do_fingerprint(pw);
if (change_passphrase)
do_change_passphrase(pw);
if (change_comment)
do_change_comment(pw, identity_comment);
#ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
if (convert_to)
do_convert_to(pw);
if (convert_from)
do_convert_from(pw);
#else /* WITH_OPENSSL */
if (convert_to || convert_from)
fatal("key conversion disabled at compile time");
#endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
if (print_public)
do_print_public(pw);
if (rr_hostname != NULL) {
unsigned int n = 0;
if (have_identity) {
n = do_print_resource_record(pw, identity_file,
rr_hostname, print_generic);
if (n == 0)
fatal("%s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno));
exit(0);
} else {
n += do_print_resource_record(pw,
_PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname,
print_generic);
n += do_print_resource_record(pw,
_PATH_HOST_DSA_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname,
print_generic);
n += do_print_resource_record(pw,
_PATH_HOST_ECDSA_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname,
print_generic);
n += do_print_resource_record(pw,
_PATH_HOST_ED25519_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname,
print_generic);
n += do_print_resource_record(pw,
_PATH_HOST_XMSS_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname,
print_generic);
if (n == 0)
fatal("no keys found.");
exit(0);
}
}
if (do_gen_candidates || do_screen_candidates) {
if (argc <= 0)
fatal("No output file specified");
else if (argc > 1)
fatal("Too many output files specified");
}
if (do_gen_candidates) {
do_moduli_gen(argv[0], opts, nopts);
return 0;
}
if (do_screen_candidates) {
do_moduli_screen(argv[0], opts, nopts);
return 0;
}
if (gen_all_hostkeys) {
do_gen_all_hostkeys(pw);
return (0);
}
if (key_type_name == NULL)
key_type_name = DEFAULT_KEY_TYPE_NAME;
type = sshkey_type_from_name(key_type_name);
type_bits_valid(type, key_type_name, &bits);
if (!quiet)
printf("Generating public/private %s key pair.\n",
key_type_name);
switch (type) {
case KEY_ECDSA_SK:
case KEY_ED25519_SK:
for (i = 0; i < nopts; i++) {
if (strcasecmp(opts[i], "no-touch-required") == 0) {
sk_flags &= ~SSH_SK_USER_PRESENCE_REQD;
} else if (strcasecmp(opts[i], "resident") == 0) {
sk_flags |= SSH_SK_RESIDENT_KEY;
} else if (strncasecmp(opts[i], "device=", 7) == 0) {
sk_device = xstrdup(opts[i] + 7);
} else if (strncasecmp(opts[i], "user=", 5) == 0) {
sk_user = xstrdup(opts[i] + 5);
} else if (strncasecmp(opts[i], "challenge=", 10) == 0) {
if ((r = sshbuf_load_file(opts[i] + 10,
&challenge)) != 0) {
fatal("Unable to load FIDO enrollment "
"challenge \"%s\": %s",
opts[i] + 10, ssh_err(r));
}
} else if (strncasecmp(opts[i],
"write-attestation=", 18) == 0) {
sk_attestaion_path = opts[i] + 18;
} else if (strncasecmp(opts[i],
"application=", 12) == 0) {
sk_application = xstrdup(opts[i] + 12);
if (strncmp(sk_application, "ssh:", 4) != 0) {
fatal("FIDO application string must "
"begin with \"ssh:\"");
}
} else {
fatal("Option \"%s\" is unsupported for "
"FIDO authenticator enrollment", opts[i]);
}
}
if (!quiet) {
printf("You may need to touch your authenticator "
"to authorize key generation.\n");
}
passphrase = NULL;
if ((attest = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
fatal("sshbuf_new failed");
for (i = 0 ; ; i++) {
fflush(stdout);
r = sshsk_enroll(type, sk_provider, sk_device,
sk_application == NULL ? "ssh:" : sk_application,
sk_user, sk_flags, passphrase, challenge,
&private, attest);
if (r == 0)
break;
if (r != SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE)
fatal("Key enrollment failed: %s", ssh_err(r));
else if (i > 0)
error("PIN incorrect");
if (passphrase != NULL) {
freezero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase));
passphrase = NULL;
}
if (i >= 3)
fatal("Too many incorrect PINs");
passphrase = read_passphrase("Enter PIN for "
"authenticator: ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
}
if (passphrase != NULL) {
freezero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase));
passphrase = NULL;
}
break;
default:
if ((r = sshkey_generate(type, bits, &private)) != 0)
fatal("sshkey_generate failed");
break;
}
if ((r = sshkey_from_private(private, &public)) != 0)
fatal("sshkey_from_private failed: %s\n", ssh_err(r));
if (!have_identity)
ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which to save the key");
/* Create ~/.ssh directory if it doesn't already exist. */
snprintf(dotsshdir, sizeof dotsshdir, "%s/%s",
pw->pw_dir, _PATH_SSH_USER_DIR);
if (strstr(identity_file, dotsshdir) != NULL) {
if (stat(dotsshdir, &st) == -1) {
if (errno != ENOENT) {
error("Could not stat %s: %s", dotsshdir,
strerror(errno));
} else if (mkdir(dotsshdir, 0700) == -1) {
error("Could not create directory '%s': %s",
dotsshdir, strerror(errno));
} else if (!quiet)
printf("Created directory '%s'.\n", dotsshdir);
}
}
/* If the file already exists, ask the user to confirm. */
if (!confirm_overwrite(identity_file))
exit(1);
/* Determine the passphrase for the private key */
passphrase = private_key_passphrase();
if (identity_comment) {
strlcpy(comment, identity_comment, sizeof(comment));
} else {
/* Create default comment field for the passphrase. */
snprintf(comment, sizeof comment, "%s@%s", pw->pw_name, hostname);
}
/* Save the key with the given passphrase and comment. */
if ((r = sshkey_save_private(private, identity_file, passphrase,
comment, private_key_format, openssh_format_cipher, rounds)) != 0) {
error("Saving key \"%s\" failed: %s",
identity_file, ssh_err(r));
freezero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase));
exit(1);
}
freezero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase));
sshkey_free(private);
if (!quiet) {
printf("Your identification has been saved in %s\n",
identity_file);
}
strlcat(identity_file, ".pub", sizeof(identity_file));
if ((r = sshkey_save_public(public, identity_file, comment)) != 0) {
fatal("Unable to save public key to %s: %s",
identity_file, strerror(errno));
}
if (!quiet) {
fp = sshkey_fingerprint(public, fingerprint_hash,
SSH_FP_DEFAULT);
ra = sshkey_fingerprint(public, fingerprint_hash,
SSH_FP_RANDOMART);
if (fp == NULL || ra == NULL)
fatal("sshkey_fingerprint failed");
printf("Your public key has been saved in %s\n",
identity_file);
printf("The key fingerprint is:\n");
printf("%s %s\n", fp, comment);
printf("The key's randomart image is:\n");
printf("%s\n", ra);
free(ra);
free(fp);
}
if (sk_attestaion_path != NULL) {
if (attest == NULL || sshbuf_len(attest) == 0) {
fatal("Enrollment did not return attestation "
"certificate");
}
if ((r = sshbuf_write_file(sk_attestaion_path, attest)) != 0) {
fatal("Unable to write attestation certificate "
"\"%s\": %s", sk_attestaion_path, ssh_err(r));
}
if (!quiet) {
printf("Your FIDO attestation certificate has been "
"saved in %s\n", sk_attestaion_path);
}
}
sshbuf_free(attest);
sshkey_free(public);
exit(0);
}
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