Fixed #31233 -- Closed database connections and cursors after use.

django/db/backends/mysql/base.py

@@ -269,7 +269,8 @@ class DatabaseWrapper(BaseDatabaseWrapper):
         forward references. Always return True to indicate constraint checks
         need to be re-enabled.
         """
-        self.cursor().execute('SET foreign_key_checks=0')
+        with self.cursor() as cursor:
+            cursor.execute('SET foreign_key_checks=0')
         return True
 
     def enable_constraint_checking(self):
@@ -280,7 +281,8 @@ class DatabaseWrapper(BaseDatabaseWrapper):
         # nested inside transaction.atomic.
         self.needs_rollback, needs_rollback = False, self.needs_rollback
         try:
-            self.cursor().execute('SET foreign_key_checks=1')
+            with self.cursor() as cursor:
+                cursor.execute('SET foreign_key_checks=1')
         finally:
             self.needs_rollback = needs_rollback
 

django/db/backends/oracle/base.py

@@ -301,8 +301,9 @@ class DatabaseWrapper(BaseDatabaseWrapper):
         Check constraints by setting them to immediate. Return them to deferred
         afterward.
         """
-        self.cursor().execute('SET CONSTRAINTS ALL IMMEDIATE')
+        with self.cursor() as cursor:
-        self.cursor().execute('SET CONSTRAINTS ALL DEFERRED')
+            cursor.execute('SET CONSTRAINTS ALL IMMEDIATE')
+            cursor.execute('SET CONSTRAINTS ALL DEFERRED')
 
     def is_usable(self):
         try:

django/db/backends/postgresql/base.py

@@ -277,13 +277,15 @@ class DatabaseWrapper(BaseDatabaseWrapper):
         Check constraints by setting them to immediate. Return them to deferred
         afterward.
         """
-        self.cursor().execute('SET CONSTRAINTS ALL IMMEDIATE')
+        with self.cursor() as cursor:
-        self.cursor().execute('SET CONSTRAINTS ALL DEFERRED')
+            cursor.execute('SET CONSTRAINTS ALL IMMEDIATE')
+            cursor.execute('SET CONSTRAINTS ALL DEFERRED')
 
     def is_usable(self):
         try:
             # Use a psycopg cursor directly, bypassing Django's utilities.
-            self.connection.cursor().execute("SELECT 1")
+            with self.connection.cursor() as cursor:
+                cursor.execute('SELECT 1')
         except Database.Error:
             return False
         else:

django/db/backends/sqlite3/base.py

@@ -296,7 +296,8 @@ class DatabaseWrapper(BaseDatabaseWrapper):
         return not bool(enabled)
 
     def enable_constraint_checking(self):
-        self.cursor().execute('PRAGMA foreign_keys = ON')
+        with self.cursor() as cursor:
+            cursor.execute('PRAGMA foreign_keys = ON')
 
     def check_constraints(self, table_names=None):
         """
@@ -309,7 +310,7 @@ class DatabaseWrapper(BaseDatabaseWrapper):
         if self.features.supports_pragma_foreign_key_check:
             with self.cursor() as cursor:
                 if table_names is None:
-                    violations = self.cursor().execute('PRAGMA foreign_key_check').fetchall()
+                    violations = cursor.execute('PRAGMA foreign_key_check').fetchall()
                 else:
                     violations = chain.from_iterable(
                         cursor.execute('PRAGMA foreign_key_check(%s)' % table_name).fetchall()

django/db/migrations/executor.py

@@ -372,10 +372,8 @@ class MigrationExecutor:
                     else:
                         found_add_field_migration = True
                         continue
-                columns = self.connection.introspection.get_table_description(
+                with self.connection.cursor() as cursor:
-                    self.connection.cursor(),
+                    columns = self.connection.introspection.get_table_description(cursor, table)
-                    table,
-                )
                 for column in columns:
                     field_column = field.column
                     column_name = column.name

django/db/migrations/recorder.py

@@ -52,7 +52,9 @@ class MigrationRecorder:
 
     def has_table(self):
         """Return True if the django_migrations table exists."""
-        return self.Migration._meta.db_table in self.connection.introspection.table_names(self.connection.cursor())
+        with self.connection.cursor() as cursor:
+            tables = self.connection.introspection.table_names(cursor)
+        return self.Migration._meta.db_table in tables
 
     def ensure_schema(self):
         """Ensure the table exists and has the correct schema."""

django/db/models/query.py

@@ -747,7 +747,10 @@ class QuerySet:
         query = self.query.clone()
         query.__class__ = sql.DeleteQuery
         cursor = query.get_compiler(using).execute_sql(CURSOR)
-        return cursor.rowcount if cursor else 0
+        if cursor:
+            with cursor:
+                return cursor.rowcount
+        return 0
     _raw_delete.alters_data = True
 
     def update(self, **kwargs):

django/db/models/sql/subqueries.py

@@ -21,7 +21,10 @@ class DeleteQuery(Query):
         self.alias_map = {table: self.alias_map[table]}
         self.where = where
         cursor = self.get_compiler(using).execute_sql(CURSOR)
-        return cursor.rowcount if cursor else 0
+        if cursor:
+            with cursor:
+                return cursor.rowcount
+        return 0
 
     def delete_batch(self, pk_list, using):
         """

tests/backends/postgresql/tests.py

@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ class Tests(TestCase):
 
         try:
             # Open a database connection.
-            new_connection.cursor()
+            with new_connection.cursor():
                 self.assertFalse(new_connection.get_autocommit())
         finally:
             new_connection.close()
@@ -149,9 +149,12 @@ class Tests(TestCase):
 
     def test_connect_no_is_usable_checks(self):
         new_connection = connection.copy()
+        try:
             with mock.patch.object(new_connection, 'is_usable') as is_usable:
                 new_connection.connect()
             is_usable.assert_not_called()
+        finally:
+            new_connection.close()
 
     def _select(self, val):
         with connection.cursor() as cursor:

tests/backends/sqlite/tests.py

@@ -197,7 +197,8 @@ class LastExecutedQueryTest(TestCase):
     def test_no_interpolation(self):
         # This shouldn't raise an exception (#17158)
         query = "SELECT strftime('%Y', 'now');"
-        connection.cursor().execute(query)
+        with connection.cursor() as cursor:
+            cursor.execute(query)
         self.assertEqual(connection.queries[-1]['sql'], query)
 
     def test_parameter_quoting(self):
@@ -205,7 +206,8 @@ class LastExecutedQueryTest(TestCase):
         # worth testing that parameters are quoted (#14091).
         query = "SELECT %s"
         params = ["\"'\\"]
-        connection.cursor().execute(query, params)
+        with connection.cursor() as cursor:
+            cursor.execute(query, params)
         # Note that the single quote is repeated
         substituted = "SELECT '\"''\\'"
         self.assertEqual(connection.queries[-1]['sql'], substituted)

tests/backends/tests.py

@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ class LastExecutedQueryTest(TestCase):
         """last_executed_query() returns a string."""
         data = RawData.objects.filter(raw_data=b'\x00\x46  \xFE').extra(select={'föö': 1})
         sql, params = data.query.sql_with_params()
-        cursor = data.query.get_compiler('default').execute_sql(CURSOR)
+        with data.query.get_compiler('default').execute_sql(CURSOR) as cursor:
             last_sql = cursor.db.ops.last_executed_query(cursor, sql, params)
         self.assertIsInstance(last_sql, str)
 
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ class LastExecutedQueryTest(TestCase):
             Article.objects.filter(pk__in=(1, 2), reporter__pk=3),
         ):
             sql, params = qs.query.sql_with_params()
-            cursor = qs.query.get_compiler(DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS).execute_sql(CURSOR)
+            with qs.query.get_compiler(DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS).execute_sql(CURSOR) as cursor:
                 self.assertEqual(
                     cursor.db.ops.last_executed_query(cursor, sql, params),
                     str(qs.query),
@@ -205,12 +205,14 @@ class ConnectionCreatedSignalTest(TransactionTestCase):
 
         connection_created.connect(receiver)
         connection.close()
-        connection.cursor()
+        with connection.cursor():
+            pass
         self.assertIs(data["connection"].connection, connection.connection)
 
         connection_created.disconnect(receiver)
         data.clear()
-        connection.cursor()
+        with connection.cursor():
+            pass
         self.assertEqual(data, {})
 
 
@@ -345,7 +347,8 @@ class BackendTestCase(TransactionTestCase):
         old_password = connection.settings_dict['PASSWORD']
         connection.settings_dict['PASSWORD'] = "françois"
         try:
-            connection.cursor()
+            with connection.cursor():
+                pass
         except DatabaseError:
             # As password is probably wrong, a database exception is expected
             pass
@@ -639,7 +642,8 @@ class ThreadTests(TransactionTestCase):
         # Map connections by id because connections with identical aliases
         # have the same hash.
         connections_dict = {}
-        connection.cursor()
+        with connection.cursor():
+            pass
         connections_dict[id(connection)] = connection
 
         def runner():
@@ -650,7 +654,8 @@ class ThreadTests(TransactionTestCase):
             # Allow thread sharing so the connection can be closed by the
             # main thread.
             connection.inc_thread_sharing()
-            connection.cursor()
+            with connection.cursor():
+                pass
             connections_dict[id(connection)] = connection
         try:
             for x in range(2):
@@ -729,6 +734,7 @@ class ThreadTests(TransactionTestCase):
         do_thread()
         # Forbidden!
         self.assertIsInstance(exceptions[0], DatabaseError)
+        connections['default'].close()
 
         # After calling inc_thread_sharing() on the connection.
         connections['default'].inc_thread_sharing()

tests/fixtures/tests.py

@@ -564,7 +564,8 @@ class FixtureLoadingTests(DumpDataAssertMixin, TestCase):
         # This won't affect other tests because the database connection
         # is closed at the end of each test.
         if connection.vendor == 'mysql':
-            connection.cursor().execute("SET sql_mode = 'TRADITIONAL'")
+            with connection.cursor() as cursor:
+                cursor.execute("SET sql_mode = 'TRADITIONAL'")
         with self.assertRaises(IntegrityError) as cm:
             management.call_command('loaddata', 'invalid.json', verbosity=0)
             self.assertIn("Could not load fixtures.Article(pk=1):", cm.exception.args[0])

tests/indexes/tests.py

@@ -270,8 +270,9 @@ class SchemaIndexesMySQLTests(TransactionTestCase):
         MySQL on InnoDB already creates indexes automatically for foreign keys.
         (#14180). An index should be created if db_constraint=False (#26171).
         """
+        with connection.cursor() as cursor:
             storage = connection.introspection.get_storage_engine(
-            connection.cursor(), ArticleTranslation._meta.db_table
+                cursor, ArticleTranslation._meta.db_table,
             )
         if storage != "InnoDB":
             self.skip("This test only applies to the InnoDB storage engine")
@@ -326,8 +327,9 @@ class PartialIndexTests(TransactionTestCase):
                 str(index.create_sql(Article, schema_editor=editor))
             )
             editor.add_index(index=index, model=Article)
+            with connection.cursor() as cursor:
                 self.assertIn(index.name, connection.introspection.get_constraints(
-                cursor=connection.cursor(), table_name=Article._meta.db_table,
+                    cursor=cursor, table_name=Article._meta.db_table,
                 ))
             editor.remove_index(index=index, model=Article)
 
@@ -343,8 +345,9 @@ class PartialIndexTests(TransactionTestCase):
                 str(index.create_sql(Article, schema_editor=editor))
             )
             editor.add_index(index=index, model=Article)
+            with connection.cursor() as cursor:
                 self.assertIn(index.name, connection.introspection.get_constraints(
-                cursor=connection.cursor(), table_name=Article._meta.db_table,
+                    cursor=cursor, table_name=Article._meta.db_table,
                 ))
             editor.remove_index(index=index, model=Article)
 
@@ -360,8 +363,9 @@ class PartialIndexTests(TransactionTestCase):
                 str(index.create_sql(Article, schema_editor=editor))
             )
             editor.add_index(index=index, model=Article)
+            with connection.cursor() as cursor:
                 self.assertIn(index.name, connection.introspection.get_constraints(
-                cursor=connection.cursor(), table_name=Article._meta.db_table,
+                    cursor=cursor, table_name=Article._meta.db_table,
                 ))
             editor.remove_index(index=index, model=Article)
 
@@ -390,8 +394,9 @@ class PartialIndexTests(TransactionTestCase):
             # check ONLY the occurrence of headline in the SQL.
             self.assertGreater(sql.rfind('headline'), where)
             editor.add_index(index=index, model=Article)
+            with connection.cursor() as cursor:
                 self.assertIn(index.name, connection.introspection.get_constraints(
-                cursor=connection.cursor(), table_name=Article._meta.db_table,
+                    cursor=cursor, table_name=Article._meta.db_table,
                 ))
             editor.remove_index(index=index, model=Article)
 
@@ -407,7 +412,8 @@ class PartialIndexTests(TransactionTestCase):
                 str(index.create_sql(Article, schema_editor=editor))
             )
             editor.add_index(index=index, model=Article)
+            with connection.cursor() as cursor:
                 self.assertIn(index.name, connection.introspection.get_constraints(
-                cursor=connection.cursor(), table_name=Article._meta.db_table,
+                    cursor=cursor, table_name=Article._meta.db_table,
                 ))
             editor.remove_index(index=index, model=Article)

tests/test_utils/tests.py

@@ -226,7 +226,8 @@ class AssertNumQueriesUponConnectionTests(TransactionTestCase):
             if is_opening_connection:
                 # Avoid infinite recursion. Creating a cursor calls
                 # ensure_connection() which is currently mocked by this method.
-                connection.cursor().execute('SELECT 1' + connection.features.bare_select_suffix)
+                with connection.cursor() as cursor:
+                    cursor.execute('SELECT 1' + connection.features.bare_select_suffix)
 
         ensure_connection = 'django.db.backends.base.base.BaseDatabaseWrapper.ensure_connection'
         with mock.patch(ensure_connection, side_effect=make_configuration_query):