diff --git a/django/apps/registry.py b/django/apps/registry.py
index 48694d0f2c..0ac495df1e 100644
--- a/django/apps/registry.py
+++ b/django/apps/registry.py
@@ -422,4 +422,5 @@ class Apps(object):
         for function in self._pending_operations.pop(key, []):
             function(model)
 
+
 apps = Apps(installed_apps=None)
diff --git a/django/conf/__init__.py b/django/conf/__init__.py
index efc9115b65..e9611aa3fe 100644
--- a/django/conf/__init__.py
+++ b/django/conf/__init__.py
@@ -184,4 +184,5 @@ class UserSettingsHolder(BaseSettings):
             'cls': self.__class__.__name__,
         }
 
+
 settings = LazySettings()
diff --git a/django/conf/global_settings.py b/django/conf/global_settings.py
index 9dbbdc9f88..b123c1136b 100644
--- a/django/conf/global_settings.py
+++ b/django/conf/global_settings.py
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ from __future__ import unicode_literals
 def gettext_noop(s):
     return s
 
+
 ####################
 # CORE             #
 ####################
diff --git a/django/contrib/admin/actions.py b/django/contrib/admin/actions.py
index 6fdf070694..f07f3549cb 100644
--- a/django/contrib/admin/actions.py
+++ b/django/contrib/admin/actions.py
@@ -86,4 +86,5 @@ def delete_selected(modeladmin, request, queryset):
         "admin/delete_selected_confirmation.html"
     ], context)
 
+
 delete_selected.short_description = ugettext_lazy("Delete selected %(verbose_name_plural)s")
diff --git a/django/contrib/admin/bin/compress.py b/django/contrib/admin/bin/compress.py
index 4d5fbecabc..dbef84d759 100644
--- a/django/contrib/admin/bin/compress.py
+++ b/django/contrib/admin/bin/compress.py
@@ -58,5 +58,6 @@ Compiler library and Java version 6 or later."""
         else:
             sys.stdout.write("File %s not found. Sure it exists?\n" % to_compress)
 
+
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     main()
diff --git a/django/contrib/admin/filters.py b/django/contrib/admin/filters.py
index 8ff223fb29..87839c3130 100644
--- a/django/contrib/admin/filters.py
+++ b/django/contrib/admin/filters.py
@@ -222,6 +222,7 @@ class RelatedFieldListFilter(FieldListFilter):
                 'display': self.empty_value_display,
             }
 
+
 FieldListFilter.register(lambda f: f.remote_field, RelatedFieldListFilter)
 
 
@@ -260,6 +261,7 @@ class BooleanFieldListFilter(FieldListFilter):
                 'display': _('Unknown'),
             }
 
+
 FieldListFilter.register(
     lambda f: isinstance(f, (models.BooleanField, models.NullBooleanField)),
     BooleanFieldListFilter
@@ -307,6 +309,7 @@ class ChoicesFieldListFilter(FieldListFilter):
                 'display': none_title,
             }
 
+
 FieldListFilter.register(lambda f: bool(f.choices), ChoicesFieldListFilter)
 
 
@@ -376,6 +379,7 @@ class DateFieldListFilter(FieldListFilter):
                 'display': title,
             }
 
+
 FieldListFilter.register(
     lambda f: isinstance(f, models.DateField), DateFieldListFilter)
 
@@ -434,6 +438,7 @@ class AllValuesFieldListFilter(FieldListFilter):
                 'display': self.empty_value_display,
             }
 
+
 FieldListFilter.register(lambda f: True, AllValuesFieldListFilter)
 
 
diff --git a/django/contrib/admin/helpers.py b/django/contrib/admin/helpers.py
index c433f32579..7339d6a0ef 100644
--- a/django/contrib/admin/helpers.py
+++ b/django/contrib/admin/helpers.py
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ class ActionForm(forms.Form):
         widget=forms.HiddenInput({'class': 'select-across'}),
     )
 
+
 checkbox = forms.CheckboxInput({'class': 'action-select'}, lambda value: False)
 
 
diff --git a/django/contrib/admin/options.py b/django/contrib/admin/options.py
index 499d27d02e..33daf244f0 100644
--- a/django/contrib/admin/options.py
+++ b/django/contrib/admin/options.py
@@ -70,6 +70,7 @@ def get_ul_class(radio_style):
 class IncorrectLookupParameters(Exception):
     pass
 
+
 # Defaults for formfield_overrides. ModelAdmin subclasses can change this
 # by adding to ModelAdmin.formfield_overrides.
 
diff --git a/django/contrib/admin/sites.py b/django/contrib/admin/sites.py
index fc46f030c2..dfe91e23e1 100644
--- a/django/contrib/admin/sites.py
+++ b/django/contrib/admin/sites.py
@@ -501,6 +501,7 @@ class AdminSite(object):
             'admin/app_index.html'
         ], context)
 
+
 # This global object represents the default admin site, for the common case.
 # You can instantiate AdminSite in your own code to create a custom admin site.
 site = AdminSite()
diff --git a/django/contrib/admindocs/utils.py b/django/contrib/admindocs/utils.py
index e532079b62..1d6e700fc9 100644
--- a/django/contrib/admindocs/utils.py
+++ b/django/contrib/admindocs/utils.py
@@ -89,6 +89,7 @@ def parse_rst(text, default_reference_context, thing_being_parsed=None):
     )
     return mark_safe(parts['fragment'])
 
+
 #
 # reST roles
 #
@@ -137,6 +138,7 @@ def default_reference_role(name, rawtext, text, lineno, inliner, options=None, c
     )
     return [node], []
 
+
 if docutils_is_available:
     docutils.parsers.rst.roles.register_canonical_role('cmsreference', default_reference_role)
 
diff --git a/django/contrib/admindocs/views.py b/django/contrib/admindocs/views.py
index 476d883a8d..7e894b51fc 100644
--- a/django/contrib/admindocs/views.py
+++ b/django/contrib/admindocs/views.py
@@ -425,6 +425,7 @@ def extract_views_from_urlpatterns(urlpatterns, base='', namespace=None):
             raise TypeError(_("%s does not appear to be a urlpattern object") % p)
     return views
 
+
 named_group_matcher = re.compile(r'\(\?P(<\w+>).+?\)')
 non_named_group_matcher = re.compile(r'\(.*?\)')
 
diff --git a/django/contrib/auth/__init__.py b/django/contrib/auth/__init__.py
index a490eff040..7adb8a022f 100644
--- a/django/contrib/auth/__init__.py
+++ b/django/contrib/auth/__init__.py
@@ -231,4 +231,5 @@ def update_session_auth_hash(request, user):
     if hasattr(user, 'get_session_auth_hash') and request.user == user:
         request.session[HASH_SESSION_KEY] = user.get_session_auth_hash()
 
+
 default_app_config = 'django.contrib.auth.apps.AuthConfig'
diff --git a/django/contrib/auth/models.py b/django/contrib/auth/models.py
index eef38c17ee..8bcf3c867f 100644
--- a/django/contrib/auth/models.py
+++ b/django/contrib/auth/models.py
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ def update_last_login(sender, user, **kwargs):
     """
     user.last_login = timezone.now()
     user.save(update_fields=['last_login'])
+
+
 user_logged_in.connect(update_last_login)
 
 
diff --git a/django/contrib/auth/password_validation.py b/django/contrib/auth/password_validation.py
index bee6bff942..12cf29cb9b 100644
--- a/django/contrib/auth/password_validation.py
+++ b/django/contrib/auth/password_validation.py
@@ -88,6 +88,8 @@ def _password_validators_help_text_html(password_validators=None):
     help_texts = password_validators_help_texts(password_validators)
     help_items = [format_html('<li>{}</li>', help_text) for help_text in help_texts]
     return '<ul>%s</ul>' % ''.join(help_items) if help_items else ''
+
+
 password_validators_help_text_html = lazy(_password_validators_help_text_html, text_type)
 
 
diff --git a/django/contrib/auth/tokens.py b/django/contrib/auth/tokens.py
index 45145ab87d..46b8467476 100644
--- a/django/contrib/auth/tokens.py
+++ b/django/contrib/auth/tokens.py
@@ -78,4 +78,5 @@ class PasswordResetTokenGenerator(object):
         # Used for mocking in tests
         return date.today()
 
+
 default_token_generator = PasswordResetTokenGenerator()
diff --git a/django/contrib/gis/db/models/fields.py b/django/contrib/gis/db/models/fields.py
index 08f5aa81f9..a3813edd58 100644
--- a/django/contrib/gis/db/models/fields.py
+++ b/django/contrib/gis/db/models/fields.py
@@ -249,6 +249,7 @@ class BaseSpatialField(Field):
         else:
             return obj
 
+
 for klass in gis_lookups.values():
     BaseSpatialField.register_lookup(klass)
 
diff --git a/django/contrib/gis/db/models/lookups.py b/django/contrib/gis/db/models/lookups.py
index ee68f3d5cd..19a1b70e4e 100644
--- a/django/contrib/gis/db/models/lookups.py
+++ b/django/contrib/gis/db/models/lookups.py
@@ -158,6 +158,8 @@ class OverlapsLeftLookup(GISLookup):
     left of B's bounding box.
     """
     lookup_name = 'overlaps_left'
+
+
 gis_lookups['overlaps_left'] = OverlapsLeftLookup
 
 
@@ -167,6 +169,8 @@ class OverlapsRightLookup(GISLookup):
     right of B's bounding box.
     """
     lookup_name = 'overlaps_right'
+
+
 gis_lookups['overlaps_right'] = OverlapsRightLookup
 
 
@@ -176,6 +180,8 @@ class OverlapsBelowLookup(GISLookup):
     B's bounding box.
     """
     lookup_name = 'overlaps_below'
+
+
 gis_lookups['overlaps_below'] = OverlapsBelowLookup
 
 
@@ -185,6 +191,8 @@ class OverlapsAboveLookup(GISLookup):
     B's bounding box.
     """
     lookup_name = 'overlaps_above'
+
+
 gis_lookups['overlaps_above'] = OverlapsAboveLookup
 
 
@@ -194,6 +202,8 @@ class LeftLookup(GISLookup):
     of B's bounding box.
     """
     lookup_name = 'left'
+
+
 gis_lookups['left'] = LeftLookup
 
 
@@ -203,6 +213,8 @@ class RightLookup(GISLookup):
     of B's bounding box.
     """
     lookup_name = 'right'
+
+
 gis_lookups['right'] = RightLookup
 
 
@@ -212,6 +224,8 @@ class StrictlyBelowLookup(GISLookup):
     bounding box.
     """
     lookup_name = 'strictly_below'
+
+
 gis_lookups['strictly_below'] = StrictlyBelowLookup
 
 
@@ -221,6 +235,8 @@ class StrictlyAboveLookup(GISLookup):
     bounding box.
     """
     lookup_name = 'strictly_above'
+
+
 gis_lookups['strictly_above'] = StrictlyAboveLookup
 
 
@@ -231,12 +247,16 @@ class SameAsLookup(GISLookup):
     vertex-by-vertex, the operator returns true.
     """
     lookup_name = 'same_as'
+
+
 gis_lookups['same_as'] = SameAsLookup
 
 
 class ExactLookup(SameAsLookup):
     # Alias of same_as
     lookup_name = 'exact'
+
+
 gis_lookups['exact'] = ExactLookup
 
 
@@ -246,6 +266,8 @@ class BBContainsLookup(GISLookup):
     by B's bounding box.
     """
     lookup_name = 'bbcontains'
+
+
 gis_lookups['bbcontains'] = BBContainsLookup
 
 
@@ -254,6 +276,8 @@ class BBOverlapsLookup(GISLookup):
     The 'bboverlaps' operator returns true if A's bounding box overlaps B's bounding box.
     """
     lookup_name = 'bboverlaps'
+
+
 gis_lookups['bboverlaps'] = BBOverlapsLookup
 
 
@@ -263,6 +287,8 @@ class ContainedLookup(GISLookup):
     by B's bounding box.
     """
     lookup_name = 'contained'
+
+
 gis_lookups['contained'] = ContainedLookup
 
 
@@ -272,41 +298,57 @@ gis_lookups['contained'] = ContainedLookup
 
 class ContainsLookup(GISLookup):
     lookup_name = 'contains'
+
+
 gis_lookups['contains'] = ContainsLookup
 
 
 class ContainsProperlyLookup(GISLookup):
     lookup_name = 'contains_properly'
+
+
 gis_lookups['contains_properly'] = ContainsProperlyLookup
 
 
 class CoveredByLookup(GISLookup):
     lookup_name = 'coveredby'
+
+
 gis_lookups['coveredby'] = CoveredByLookup
 
 
 class CoversLookup(GISLookup):
     lookup_name = 'covers'
+
+
 gis_lookups['covers'] = CoversLookup
 
 
 class CrossesLookup(GISLookup):
     lookup_name = 'crosses'
+
+
 gis_lookups['crosses'] = CrossesLookup
 
 
 class DisjointLookup(GISLookup):
     lookup_name = 'disjoint'
+
+
 gis_lookups['disjoint'] = DisjointLookup
 
 
 class EqualsLookup(GISLookup):
     lookup_name = 'equals'
+
+
 gis_lookups['equals'] = EqualsLookup
 
 
 class IntersectsLookup(GISLookup):
     lookup_name = 'intersects'
+
+
 gis_lookups['intersects'] = IntersectsLookup
 
 
@@ -322,11 +364,15 @@ class IsValidLookup(BuiltinLookup):
         if not self.rhs:
             sql = 'NOT ' + sql
         return sql, params
+
+
 gis_lookups['isvalid'] = IsValidLookup
 
 
 class OverlapsLookup(GISLookup):
     lookup_name = 'overlaps'
+
+
 gis_lookups['overlaps'] = OverlapsLookup
 
 
@@ -347,16 +393,22 @@ class RelateLookup(GISLookup):
             if not isinstance(pattern, six.string_types) or not self.pattern_regex.match(pattern):
                 raise ValueError('Invalid intersection matrix pattern "%s".' % pattern)
         return super(RelateLookup, self).get_db_prep_lookup(value, connection)
+
+
 gis_lookups['relate'] = RelateLookup
 
 
 class TouchesLookup(GISLookup):
     lookup_name = 'touches'
+
+
 gis_lookups['touches'] = TouchesLookup
 
 
 class WithinLookup(GISLookup):
     lookup_name = 'within'
+
+
 gis_lookups['within'] = WithinLookup
 
 
@@ -395,24 +447,34 @@ class DistanceLookupBase(GISLookup):
 class DWithinLookup(DistanceLookupBase):
     lookup_name = 'dwithin'
     sql_template = '%(func)s(%(lhs)s, %(rhs)s, %%s)'
+
+
 gis_lookups['dwithin'] = DWithinLookup
 
 
 class DistanceGTLookup(DistanceLookupBase):
     lookup_name = 'distance_gt'
+
+
 gis_lookups['distance_gt'] = DistanceGTLookup
 
 
 class DistanceGTELookup(DistanceLookupBase):
     lookup_name = 'distance_gte'
+
+
 gis_lookups['distance_gte'] = DistanceGTELookup
 
 
 class DistanceLTLookup(DistanceLookupBase):
     lookup_name = 'distance_lt'
+
+
 gis_lookups['distance_lt'] = DistanceLTLookup
 
 
 class DistanceLTELookup(DistanceLookupBase):
     lookup_name = 'distance_lte'
+
+
 gis_lookups['distance_lte'] = DistanceLTELookup
diff --git a/django/contrib/gis/gdal/error.py b/django/contrib/gis/gdal/error.py
index 4dc0b71678..caaf866462 100644
--- a/django/contrib/gis/gdal/error.py
+++ b/django/contrib/gis/gdal/error.py
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ class OGRIndexError(GDALException, KeyError):
     """
     silent_variable_failure = True
 
+
 # #### GDAL/OGR error checking codes and routine ####
 
 # OGR Error Codes
diff --git a/django/contrib/gis/gdal/geometries.py b/django/contrib/gis/gdal/geometries.py
index 4407e147e5..cab40aa751 100644
--- a/django/contrib/gis/gdal/geometries.py
+++ b/django/contrib/gis/gdal/geometries.py
@@ -692,6 +692,7 @@ class MultiLineString(GeometryCollection):
 class MultiPolygon(GeometryCollection):
     pass
 
+
 # Class mapping dictionary (using the OGRwkbGeometryType as the key)
 GEO_CLASSES = {1: Point,
                2: LineString,
diff --git a/django/contrib/gis/gdal/libgdal.py b/django/contrib/gis/gdal/libgdal.py
index 020234520e..7d7292b7b8 100644
--- a/django/contrib/gis/gdal/libgdal.py
+++ b/django/contrib/gis/gdal/libgdal.py
@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ def std_call(func):
     else:
         return lgdal[func]
 
+
 # #### Version-information functions. ####
 
 # Returns GDAL library version information with the given key.
@@ -83,6 +84,7 @@ def gdal_full_version():
     "Returns the full GDAL version information."
     return _version_info('')
 
+
 version_regex = re.compile(r'^(?P<major>\d+)\.(?P<minor>\d+)(\.(?P<subminor>\d+))?')
 
 
@@ -93,6 +95,7 @@ def gdal_version_info():
         raise GDALException('Could not parse GDAL version string "%s"' % ver)
     return {key: m.group(key) for key in ('major', 'minor', 'subminor')}
 
+
 _verinfo = gdal_version_info()
 GDAL_MAJOR_VERSION = int(_verinfo['major'])
 GDAL_MINOR_VERSION = int(_verinfo['minor'])
@@ -106,6 +109,8 @@ CPLErrorHandler = CFUNCTYPE(None, c_int, c_int, c_char_p)
 
 def err_handler(error_class, error_number, message):
     logger.error('GDAL_ERROR %d: %s', error_number, message)
+
+
 err_handler = CPLErrorHandler(err_handler)
 
 
@@ -115,5 +120,6 @@ def function(name, args, restype):
     func.restype = restype
     return func
 
+
 set_error_handler = function('CPLSetErrorHandler', [CPLErrorHandler], CPLErrorHandler)
 set_error_handler(err_handler)
diff --git a/django/contrib/gis/gdal/prototypes/geom.py b/django/contrib/gis/gdal/prototypes/geom.py
index aac8b99bae..a66b18842d 100644
--- a/django/contrib/gis/gdal/prototypes/geom.py
+++ b/django/contrib/gis/gdal/prototypes/geom.py
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ def topology_func(f):
     f.errcheck = lambda result, func, cargs: bool(result)
     return f
 
+
 # ### OGR_G ctypes function prototypes ###
 
 # GeoJSON routines.
diff --git a/django/contrib/gis/gdal/prototypes/srs.py b/django/contrib/gis/gdal/prototypes/srs.py
index 1ea8a77701..f53a601a59 100644
--- a/django/contrib/gis/gdal/prototypes/srs.py
+++ b/django/contrib/gis/gdal/prototypes/srs.py
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ def units_func(f):
     """
     return double_output(f, [c_void_p, POINTER(c_char_p)], strarg=True)
 
+
 # Creation & destruction.
 clone_srs = srs_output(std_call('OSRClone'), [c_void_p])
 new_srs = srs_output(std_call('OSRNewSpatialReference'), [c_char_p])
diff --git a/django/contrib/gis/geoip/prototypes.py b/django/contrib/gis/geoip/prototypes.py
index 257e0ffacd..74b9b2142f 100644
--- a/django/contrib/gis/geoip/prototypes.py
+++ b/django/contrib/gis/geoip/prototypes.py
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ class GeoIPRecord(Structure):
                 ('charset', c_int),
                 ('continent_code', c_char_p),
                 ]
+
+
 geoip_char_fields = [name for name, ctype in GeoIPRecord._fields_ if ctype is c_char_p]
 GEOIP_DEFAULT_ENCODING = 'iso-8859-1'
 geoip_encodings = {
@@ -34,6 +36,7 @@ geoip_encodings = {
 class GeoIPTag(Structure):
     pass
 
+
 RECTYPE = POINTER(GeoIPRecord)
 DBTYPE = POINTER(GeoIPTag)
 
@@ -79,6 +82,8 @@ def record_output(func):
     func.restype = RECTYPE
     func.errcheck = check_record
     return func
+
+
 GeoIP_record_by_addr = record_output(lgeoip.GeoIP_record_by_addr)
 GeoIP_record_by_name = record_output(lgeoip.GeoIP_record_by_name)
 
@@ -104,6 +109,7 @@ def check_string(result, func, cargs):
         s = ''
     return s.decode(GEOIP_DEFAULT_ENCODING)
 
+
 GeoIP_database_info = lgeoip.GeoIP_database_info
 GeoIP_database_info.restype = geoip_char_p
 GeoIP_database_info.errcheck = check_string
@@ -119,6 +125,7 @@ def string_output(func):
     func.errcheck = _err_check
     return func
 
+
 GeoIP_country_code_by_addr = string_output(lgeoip.GeoIP_country_code_by_addr)
 GeoIP_country_code_by_name = string_output(lgeoip.GeoIP_country_code_by_name)
 GeoIP_country_name_by_addr = string_output(lgeoip.GeoIP_country_name_by_addr)
diff --git a/django/contrib/gis/geos/collections.py b/django/contrib/gis/geos/collections.py
index 01277b1b65..7427a4569f 100644
--- a/django/contrib/gis/geos/collections.py
+++ b/django/contrib/gis/geos/collections.py
@@ -137,6 +137,7 @@ class MultiPolygon(GeometryCollection):
         )
         return GEOSGeometry(capi.geos_cascaded_union(self.ptr), self.srid)
 
+
 # Setting the allowed types here since GeometryCollection is defined before
 # its subclasses.
 GeometryCollection._allowed = (Point, LineString, LinearRing, Polygon, MultiPoint, MultiLineString, MultiPolygon)
diff --git a/django/contrib/gis/geos/libgeos.py b/django/contrib/gis/geos/libgeos.py
index df7e2aa5d5..48532d5c53 100644
--- a/django/contrib/gis/geos/libgeos.py
+++ b/django/contrib/gis/geos/libgeos.py
@@ -83,6 +83,8 @@ def notice_h(fmt, lst):
     except TypeError:
         warn_msg = fmt
     logger.warning('GEOS_NOTICE: %s\n', warn_msg)
+
+
 notice_h = NOTICEFUNC(notice_h)
 
 ERRORFUNC = CFUNCTYPE(None, c_char_p, c_char_p)
@@ -95,6 +97,8 @@ def error_h(fmt, lst):
     except TypeError:
         err_msg = fmt
     logger.error('GEOS_ERROR: %s\n', err_msg)
+
+
 error_h = ERRORFUNC(error_h)
 
 # #### GEOS Geometry C data structures, and utility functions. ####
@@ -116,6 +120,7 @@ class GEOSCoordSeq_t(Structure):
 class GEOSContextHandle_t(Structure):
     pass
 
+
 # Pointers to opaque GEOS geometry structures.
 GEOM_PTR = POINTER(GEOSGeom_t)
 PREPGEOM_PTR = POINTER(GEOSPrepGeom_t)
diff --git a/django/contrib/gis/geos/prototypes/io.py b/django/contrib/gis/geos/prototypes/io.py
index 161541d6f4..8ac4cfa21e 100644
--- a/django/contrib/gis/geos/prototypes/io.py
+++ b/django/contrib/gis/geos/prototypes/io.py
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ class WKBReader_st(Structure):
 class WKBWriter_st(Structure):
     pass
 
+
 WKT_READ_PTR = POINTER(WKTReader_st)
 WKT_WRITE_PTR = POINTER(WKTWriter_st)
 WKB_READ_PTR = POINTER(WKBReader_st)
@@ -101,6 +102,7 @@ class WKBWriterGet(GEOSFuncFactory):
 class WKBWriterSet(GEOSFuncFactory):
     argtypes = [WKB_WRITE_PTR, c_int]
 
+
 wkb_writer_get_byteorder = WKBWriterGet('GEOSWKBWriter_getByteOrder')
 wkb_writer_set_byteorder = WKBWriterSet('GEOSWKBWriter_setByteOrder')
 wkb_writer_get_outdim = WKBWriterGet('GEOSWKBWriter_getOutputDimension')
@@ -281,6 +283,7 @@ class ThreadLocalIO(threading.local):
     wkb_w = None
     ewkb_w = None
 
+
 thread_context = ThreadLocalIO()
 
 
diff --git a/django/contrib/gis/geos/prototypes/threadsafe.py b/django/contrib/gis/geos/prototypes/threadsafe.py
index 45c87d6004..8345c385df 100644
--- a/django/contrib/gis/geos/prototypes/threadsafe.py
+++ b/django/contrib/gis/geos/prototypes/threadsafe.py
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ class GEOSContextHandle(object):
 class GEOSContext(threading.local):
     handle = None
 
+
 thread_context = GEOSContext()
 
 
diff --git a/django/contrib/humanize/templatetags/humanize.py b/django/contrib/humanize/templatetags/humanize.py
index 6c43ace840..d7d8f2f897 100644
--- a/django/contrib/humanize/templatetags/humanize.py
+++ b/django/contrib/humanize/templatetags/humanize.py
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ def intcomma(value, use_l10n=True):
     else:
         return intcomma(new, use_l10n)
 
+
 # A tuple of standard large number to their converters
 intword_converters = (
     (6, lambda number: (
diff --git a/django/contrib/postgres/fields/hstore.py b/django/contrib/postgres/fields/hstore.py
index 8322d8170c..76f41886a9 100644
--- a/django/contrib/postgres/fields/hstore.py
+++ b/django/contrib/postgres/fields/hstore.py
@@ -69,6 +69,7 @@ class HStoreField(Field):
 
         return value
 
+
 HStoreField.register_lookup(lookups.DataContains)
 HStoreField.register_lookup(lookups.ContainedBy)
 HStoreField.register_lookup(lookups.HasKey)
diff --git a/django/contrib/sites/models.py b/django/contrib/sites/models.py
index 744ccd358c..e4c68638da 100644
--- a/django/contrib/sites/models.py
+++ b/django/contrib/sites/models.py
@@ -121,5 +121,7 @@ def clear_site_cache(sender, **kwargs):
         del SITE_CACHE[Site.objects.using(using).get(pk=instance.pk).domain]
     except (KeyError, Site.DoesNotExist):
         pass
+
+
 pre_save.connect(clear_site_cache, sender=Site)
 pre_delete.connect(clear_site_cache, sender=Site)
diff --git a/django/contrib/staticfiles/storage.py b/django/contrib/staticfiles/storage.py
index d59a9cc122..a1d787548a 100644
--- a/django/contrib/staticfiles/storage.py
+++ b/django/contrib/staticfiles/storage.py
@@ -405,4 +405,5 @@ class ConfiguredStorage(LazyObject):
     def _setup(self):
         self._wrapped = get_storage_class(settings.STATICFILES_STORAGE)()
 
+
 staticfiles_storage = ConfiguredStorage()
diff --git a/django/contrib/staticfiles/urls.py b/django/contrib/staticfiles/urls.py
index 5f27f4f14d..6278f35b35 100644
--- a/django/contrib/staticfiles/urls.py
+++ b/django/contrib/staticfiles/urls.py
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ def staticfiles_urlpatterns(prefix=None):
         prefix = settings.STATIC_URL
     return static(prefix, view=serve)
 
+
 # Only append if urlpatterns are empty
 if settings.DEBUG and not urlpatterns:
     urlpatterns += staticfiles_urlpatterns()
diff --git a/django/core/cache/__init__.py b/django/core/cache/__init__.py
index 26897ff850..cd2bb43886 100644
--- a/django/core/cache/__init__.py
+++ b/django/core/cache/__init__.py
@@ -84,6 +84,7 @@ class CacheHandler(object):
     def all(self):
         return getattr(self._caches, 'caches', {}).values()
 
+
 caches = CacheHandler()
 
 
@@ -112,6 +113,7 @@ class DefaultCacheProxy(object):
     def __ne__(self, other):
         return caches[DEFAULT_CACHE_ALIAS] != other
 
+
 cache = DefaultCacheProxy()
 
 
@@ -121,4 +123,6 @@ def close_caches(**kwargs):
     # cache.close is a no-op
     for cache in caches.all():
         cache.close()
+
+
 signals.request_finished.connect(close_caches)
diff --git a/django/core/checks/security/sessions.py b/django/core/checks/security/sessions.py
index 5fae4ed4d9..bb361e7b50 100644
--- a/django/core/checks/security/sessions.py
+++ b/django/core/checks/security/sessions.py
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ def add_session_cookie_message(message):
         "network traffic sniffers to hijack user sessions."
     )
 
+
 W010 = Warning(
     add_session_cookie_message(
         "You have 'django.contrib.sessions' in your INSTALLED_APPS, "
diff --git a/django/core/files/storage.py b/django/core/files/storage.py
index e219bbcf19..98c89ddcfa 100644
--- a/django/core/files/storage.py
+++ b/django/core/files/storage.py
@@ -471,4 +471,5 @@ class DefaultStorage(LazyObject):
     def _setup(self):
         self._wrapped = get_storage_class()()
 
+
 default_storage = DefaultStorage()
diff --git a/django/core/mail/utils.py b/django/core/mail/utils.py
index 322a3a1b79..9295759fad 100644
--- a/django/core/mail/utils.py
+++ b/django/core/mail/utils.py
@@ -16,4 +16,5 @@ class CachedDnsName(object):
             self._fqdn = socket.getfqdn()
         return self._fqdn
 
+
 DNS_NAME = CachedDnsName()
diff --git a/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py b/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py
index 18c2d61a88..b757783e5e 100644
--- a/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py
+++ b/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py
@@ -161,5 +161,6 @@ class Command(BaseCommand):
                 self.stdout.write(shutdown_message)
             sys.exit(0)
 
+
 # Kept for backward compatibility
 BaseRunserverCommand = Command
diff --git a/django/core/serializers/pyyaml.py b/django/core/serializers/pyyaml.py
index 04adc8129a..5dc847d4f5 100644
--- a/django/core/serializers/pyyaml.py
+++ b/django/core/serializers/pyyaml.py
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ class DjangoSafeDumper(SafeDumper):
     def represent_ordered_dict(self, data):
         return self.represent_mapping('tag:yaml.org,2002:map', data.items())
 
+
 DjangoSafeDumper.add_representer(decimal.Decimal, DjangoSafeDumper.represent_decimal)
 DjangoSafeDumper.add_representer(collections.OrderedDict, DjangoSafeDumper.represent_ordered_dict)
 
diff --git a/django/core/validators.py b/django/core/validators.py
index 067a3743eb..3f777254f4 100644
--- a/django/core/validators.py
+++ b/django/core/validators.py
@@ -155,6 +155,7 @@ class URLValidator(RegexValidator):
         if len(urlsplit(value).netloc) > 253:
             raise ValidationError(self.message, code=self.code)
 
+
 integer_validator = RegexValidator(
     _lazy_re_compile(r'^-?\d+\Z'),
     message=_('Enter a valid integer.'),
@@ -236,6 +237,7 @@ class EmailValidator(object):
             (self.code == other.code)
         )
 
+
 validate_email = EmailValidator()
 
 slug_re = _lazy_re_compile(r'^[-a-zA-Z0-9_]+\Z')
@@ -270,6 +272,7 @@ def validate_ipv46_address(value):
         except ValidationError:
             raise ValidationError(_('Enter a valid IPv4 or IPv6 address.'), code='invalid')
 
+
 ip_address_validator_map = {
     'both': ([validate_ipv46_address], _('Enter a valid IPv4 or IPv6 address.')),
     'ipv4': ([validate_ipv4_address], _('Enter a valid IPv4 address.')),
@@ -500,6 +503,7 @@ def get_available_image_extensions():
         Image.init()
         return [ext.lower()[1:] for ext in Image.EXTENSION.keys()]
 
+
 validate_image_file_extension = FileExtensionValidator(
     allowed_extensions=get_available_image_extensions(),
 )
diff --git a/django/db/__init__.py b/django/db/__init__.py
index f1e21930f9..d25a9f0116 100644
--- a/django/db/__init__.py
+++ b/django/db/__init__.py
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ class DefaultConnectionProxy(object):
     def __ne__(self, other):
         return connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS] != other
 
+
 connection = DefaultConnectionProxy()
 
 
@@ -51,6 +52,8 @@ connection = DefaultConnectionProxy()
 def reset_queries(**kwargs):
     for conn in connections.all():
         conn.queries_log.clear()
+
+
 signals.request_started.connect(reset_queries)
 
 
@@ -59,5 +62,7 @@ signals.request_started.connect(reset_queries)
 def close_old_connections(**kwargs):
     for conn in connections.all():
         conn.close_if_unusable_or_obsolete()
+
+
 signals.request_started.connect(close_old_connections)
 signals.request_finished.connect(close_old_connections)
diff --git a/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py b/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py
index 507b15e531..9681bb4f33 100644
--- a/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py
+++ b/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py
@@ -65,6 +65,7 @@ def adapt_datetime_warn_on_aware_datetime(value, conv):
         value = value.astimezone(timezone.utc).replace(tzinfo=None)
     return Thing2Literal(value.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f"), conv)
 
+
 # MySQLdb-1.2.1 returns TIME columns as timedelta -- they are more like
 # timedelta in terms of actual behavior as they are signed and include days --
 # and Django expects time, so we still need to override that. We also need to
diff --git a/django/db/backends/oracle/base.py b/django/db/backends/oracle/base.py
index b5182469b7..2e6f02cc14 100644
--- a/django/db/backends/oracle/base.py
+++ b/django/db/backends/oracle/base.py
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ def _setup_environment(environ):
     else:
         os.environ.update(environ)
 
+
 _setup_environment([
     # Oracle takes client-side character set encoding from the environment.
     ('NLS_LANG', '.AL32UTF8'),
diff --git a/django/db/backends/postgresql/base.py b/django/db/backends/postgresql/base.py
index d188f37853..b4008532ee 100644
--- a/django/db/backends/postgresql/base.py
+++ b/django/db/backends/postgresql/base.py
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ def psycopg2_version():
     version = psycopg2.__version__.split(' ', 1)[0]
     return tuple(int(v) for v in version.split('.') if v.isdigit())
 
+
 PSYCOPG2_VERSION = psycopg2_version()
 
 if PSYCOPG2_VERSION < (2, 4, 5):
diff --git a/django/db/backends/sqlite3/base.py b/django/db/backends/sqlite3/base.py
index aee012c7e6..ac7799bfa5 100644
--- a/django/db/backends/sqlite3/base.py
+++ b/django/db/backends/sqlite3/base.py
@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ def decoder(conv_func):
     """
     return lambda s: conv_func(s.decode('utf-8'))
 
+
 Database.register_converter(str("bool"), decoder(lambda s: s == '1'))
 Database.register_converter(str("time"), decoder(parse_time))
 Database.register_converter(str("date"), decoder(parse_date))
diff --git a/django/db/models/base.py b/django/db/models/base.py
index e7b3f3fd71..42b0a75728 100644
--- a/django/db/models/base.py
+++ b/django/db/models/base.py
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ class Deferred(object):
     def __str__(self):
         return str('<Deferred field>')
 
+
 DEFERRED = Deferred()
 
 
@@ -1772,6 +1773,8 @@ def model_unpickle(model_id):
         # Backwards compat - the model was cached directly in earlier versions.
         model = model_id
     return model.__new__(model)
+
+
 model_unpickle.__safe_for_unpickle__ = True
 
 
diff --git a/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py b/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py
index 1ab2b6d313..40f1411c58 100644
--- a/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py
+++ b/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ class Empty(object):
 class NOT_PROVIDED:
     pass
 
+
 # The values to use for "blank" in SelectFields. Will be appended to the start
 # of most "choices" lists.
 BLANK_CHOICE_DASH = [("", "---------")]
diff --git a/django/db/models/fields/related.py b/django/db/models/fields/related.py
index 50b98f1d4f..a872e6ffbd 100644
--- a/django/db/models/fields/related.py
+++ b/django/db/models/fields/related.py
@@ -756,6 +756,7 @@ class ForeignObject(RelatedField):
             if self.remote_field.limit_choices_to:
                 cls._meta.related_fkey_lookups.append(self.remote_field.limit_choices_to)
 
+
 ForeignObject.register_lookup(RelatedIn)
 ForeignObject.register_lookup(RelatedExact)
 ForeignObject.register_lookup(RelatedLessThan)
diff --git a/django/db/models/lookups.py b/django/db/models/lookups.py
index 49b225d880..78cea19037 100644
--- a/django/db/models/lookups.py
+++ b/django/db/models/lookups.py
@@ -234,6 +234,8 @@ class FieldGetDbPrepValueIterableMixin(FieldGetDbPrepValueMixin):
 
 class Exact(FieldGetDbPrepValueMixin, BuiltinLookup):
     lookup_name = 'exact'
+
+
 Field.register_lookup(Exact)
 
 
@@ -253,21 +255,29 @@ Field.register_lookup(IExact)
 
 class GreaterThan(FieldGetDbPrepValueMixin, BuiltinLookup):
     lookup_name = 'gt'
+
+
 Field.register_lookup(GreaterThan)
 
 
 class GreaterThanOrEqual(FieldGetDbPrepValueMixin, BuiltinLookup):
     lookup_name = 'gte'
+
+
 Field.register_lookup(GreaterThanOrEqual)
 
 
 class LessThan(FieldGetDbPrepValueMixin, BuiltinLookup):
     lookup_name = 'lt'
+
+
 Field.register_lookup(LessThan)
 
 
 class LessThanOrEqual(FieldGetDbPrepValueMixin, BuiltinLookup):
     lookup_name = 'lte'
+
+
 Field.register_lookup(LessThanOrEqual)
 
 
@@ -284,11 +294,15 @@ class IntegerFieldFloatRounding(object):
 
 class IntegerGreaterThanOrEqual(IntegerFieldFloatRounding, GreaterThanOrEqual):
     pass
+
+
 IntegerField.register_lookup(IntegerGreaterThanOrEqual)
 
 
 class IntegerLessThan(IntegerFieldFloatRounding, LessThan):
     pass
+
+
 IntegerField.register_lookup(IntegerLessThan)
 
 
@@ -350,6 +364,8 @@ class In(FieldGetDbPrepValueIterableMixin, BuiltinLookup):
             params.extend(sqls_params)
         in_clause_elements.append(')')
         return ''.join(in_clause_elements), params
+
+
 Field.register_lookup(In)
 
 
@@ -381,12 +397,16 @@ class Contains(PatternLookup):
         if params and not self.bilateral_transforms:
             params[0] = "%%%s%%" % connection.ops.prep_for_like_query(params[0])
         return rhs, params
+
+
 Field.register_lookup(Contains)
 
 
 class IContains(Contains):
     lookup_name = 'icontains'
     prepare_rhs = False
+
+
 Field.register_lookup(IContains)
 
 
@@ -399,6 +419,8 @@ class StartsWith(PatternLookup):
         if params and not self.bilateral_transforms:
             params[0] = "%s%%" % connection.ops.prep_for_like_query(params[0])
         return rhs, params
+
+
 Field.register_lookup(StartsWith)
 
 
@@ -411,6 +433,8 @@ class IStartsWith(PatternLookup):
         if params and not self.bilateral_transforms:
             params[0] = "%s%%" % connection.ops.prep_for_like_query(params[0])
         return rhs, params
+
+
 Field.register_lookup(IStartsWith)
 
 
@@ -423,6 +447,8 @@ class EndsWith(PatternLookup):
         if params and not self.bilateral_transforms:
             params[0] = "%%%s" % connection.ops.prep_for_like_query(params[0])
         return rhs, params
+
+
 Field.register_lookup(EndsWith)
 
 
@@ -435,6 +461,8 @@ class IEndsWith(PatternLookup):
         if params and not self.bilateral_transforms:
             params[0] = "%%%s" % connection.ops.prep_for_like_query(params[0])
         return rhs, params
+
+
 Field.register_lookup(IEndsWith)
 
 
@@ -444,6 +472,7 @@ class Range(FieldGetDbPrepValueIterableMixin, BuiltinLookup):
     def get_rhs_op(self, connection, rhs):
         return "BETWEEN %s AND %s" % (rhs[0], rhs[1])
 
+
 Field.register_lookup(Range)
 
 
@@ -457,6 +486,8 @@ class IsNull(BuiltinLookup):
             return "%s IS NULL" % sql, params
         else:
             return "%s IS NOT NULL" % sql, params
+
+
 Field.register_lookup(IsNull)
 
 
@@ -473,6 +504,8 @@ class Search(BuiltinLookup):
         rhs, rhs_params = self.process_rhs(compiler, connection)
         sql_template = connection.ops.fulltext_search_sql(field_name=lhs)
         return sql_template, lhs_params + rhs_params
+
+
 Field.register_lookup(Search)
 
 
@@ -488,11 +521,15 @@ class Regex(BuiltinLookup):
             rhs, rhs_params = self.process_rhs(compiler, connection)
             sql_template = connection.ops.regex_lookup(self.lookup_name)
             return sql_template % (lhs, rhs), lhs_params + rhs_params
+
+
 Field.register_lookup(Regex)
 
 
 class IRegex(Regex):
     lookup_name = 'iregex'
+
+
 Field.register_lookup(IRegex)
 
 
diff --git a/django/dispatch/dispatcher.py b/django/dispatch/dispatcher.py
index 30f339a47c..8b26c39055 100644
--- a/django/dispatch/dispatcher.py
+++ b/django/dispatch/dispatcher.py
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@ def _make_id(target):
     if hasattr(target, '__func__'):
         return (id(target.__self__), id(target.__func__))
     return id(target)
+
+
 NONE_ID = _make_id(None)
 
 # A marker for caching
diff --git a/django/http/multipartparser.py b/django/http/multipartparser.py
index 97961f89aa..87d80bdde5 100644
--- a/django/http/multipartparser.py
+++ b/django/http/multipartparser.py
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ class InputStreamExhausted(Exception):
     """
     pass
 
+
 RAW = "raw"
 FILE = "file"
 FIELD = "field"
diff --git a/django/template/base.py b/django/template/base.py
index 13037c31aa..32ca251f77 100644
--- a/django/template/base.py
+++ b/django/template/base.py
@@ -1048,6 +1048,7 @@ class VariableNode(Node):
             return ''
         return render_value_in_context(output, context)
 
+
 # Regex for token keyword arguments
 kwarg_re = re.compile(r"(?:(\w+)=)?(.+)")
 
diff --git a/django/template/smartif.py b/django/template/smartif.py
index b5ae510b0f..ee062d537d 100644
--- a/django/template/smartif.py
+++ b/django/template/smartif.py
@@ -143,6 +143,7 @@ class EndToken(TokenBase):
     def nud(self, parser):
         raise parser.error_class("Unexpected end of expression in if tag.")
 
+
 EndToken = EndToken()
 
 
diff --git a/django/urls/base.py b/django/urls/base.py
index 5185324799..ddf3b64dab 100644
--- a/django/urls/base.py
+++ b/django/urls/base.py
@@ -90,6 +90,7 @@ def reverse(viewname, urlconf=None, args=None, kwargs=None, current_app=None):
 
     return force_text(iri_to_uri(resolver._reverse_with_prefix(view, prefix, *args, **kwargs)))
 
+
 reverse_lazy = lazy(reverse, six.text_type)
 
 
diff --git a/django/utils/archive.py b/django/utils/archive.py
index 7b163edb1b..13f8afa32f 100644
--- a/django/utils/archive.py
+++ b/django/utils/archive.py
@@ -202,6 +202,7 @@ class ZipArchive(BaseArchive):
     def close(self):
         self._archive.close()
 
+
 extension_map = {
     '.tar': TarArchive,
     '.tar.bz2': TarArchive,
diff --git a/django/utils/baseconv.py b/django/utils/baseconv.py
index f550c245d0..f6c82a898a 100644
--- a/django/utils/baseconv.py
+++ b/django/utils/baseconv.py
@@ -92,6 +92,7 @@ class BaseConverter(object):
                 x = int(x // len(to_digits))
         return neg, res
 
+
 base2 = BaseConverter(BASE2_ALPHABET)
 base16 = BaseConverter(BASE16_ALPHABET)
 base36 = BaseConverter(BASE36_ALPHABET)
diff --git a/django/utils/datetime_safe.py b/django/utils/datetime_safe.py
index d2e5b95241..3cc375b4f6 100644
--- a/django/utils/datetime_safe.py
+++ b/django/utils/datetime_safe.py
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ def new_datetime(d):
         kw.extend([d.hour, d.minute, d.second, d.microsecond, d.tzinfo])
     return datetime(*kw)
 
+
 # This library does not support strftime's "%s" or "%y" format strings.
 # Allowed if there's an even number of "%"s because they are escaped.
 _illegal_formatting = re.compile(r"((^|[^%])(%%)*%[sy])")
diff --git a/django/utils/deprecation.py b/django/utils/deprecation.py
index ce3c90aa77..2963e60214 100644
--- a/django/utils/deprecation.py
+++ b/django/utils/deprecation.py
@@ -122,6 +122,7 @@ class CallableBool:
     def __hash__(self):
         return hash(self.value)
 
+
 CallableFalse = CallableBool(False)
 CallableTrue = CallableBool(True)
 
diff --git a/django/utils/encoding.py b/django/utils/encoding.py
index 66077e2108..999ffae19a 100644
--- a/django/utils/encoding.py
+++ b/django/utils/encoding.py
@@ -145,6 +145,7 @@ def force_bytes(s, encoding='utf-8', strings_only=False, errors='strict'):
     else:
         return s.encode(encoding, errors)
 
+
 if six.PY3:
     smart_str = smart_text
     force_str = force_text
@@ -278,4 +279,5 @@ def get_system_encoding():
         encoding = 'ascii'
     return encoding
 
+
 DEFAULT_LOCALE_ENCODING = get_system_encoding()
diff --git a/django/utils/feedgenerator.py b/django/utils/feedgenerator.py
index aeb054f4e9..c9c1e787f8 100644
--- a/django/utils/feedgenerator.py
+++ b/django/utils/feedgenerator.py
@@ -454,6 +454,7 @@ class Atom1Feed(SyndicationFeed):
         )
         return self.content_type
 
+
 # This isolates the decision of what the system default is, so calling code can
 # do "feedgenerator.DefaultFeed" instead of "feedgenerator.Rss201rev2Feed".
 DefaultFeed = Rss201rev2Feed
diff --git a/django/utils/formats.py b/django/utils/formats.py
index 1c59fdd05e..c3d4e29222 100644
--- a/django/utils/formats.py
+++ b/django/utils/formats.py
@@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ def get_format(format_type, lang=None, use_l10n=None):
     # Return the general setting by default
     return getattr(settings, format_type)
 
+
 get_format_lazy = lazy(get_format, six.text_type, list, tuple)
 
 
diff --git a/django/utils/functional.py b/django/utils/functional.py
index ee301879df..c317293bb2 100644
--- a/django/utils/functional.py
+++ b/django/utils/functional.py
@@ -228,6 +228,7 @@ def keep_lazy_text(func):
     """
     return keep_lazy(six.text_type)(func)
 
+
 empty = object()
 
 
diff --git a/django/utils/html.py b/django/utils/html.py
index b083df99cf..ff9adffc75 100644
--- a/django/utils/html.py
+++ b/django/utils/html.py
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ def escape(text):
         .replace('>', '&gt;').replace('"', '&quot;').replace("'", '&#39;')
     )
 
+
 _js_escapes = {
     ord('\\'): '\\u005C',
     ord('\''): '\\u0027',
diff --git a/django/utils/safestring.py b/django/utils/safestring.py
index cceb9fc3e5..76136d0b0c 100644
--- a/django/utils/safestring.py
+++ b/django/utils/safestring.py
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ class EscapeText(six.text_type, EscapeData):
     """
     pass
 
+
 if six.PY3:
     EscapeString = EscapeText
 else:
@@ -109,6 +110,7 @@ class SafeText(six.text_type, SafeData):
 
     encode = curry(_proxy_method, method=six.text_type.encode)
 
+
 if six.PY3:
     SafeString = SafeText
 else:
diff --git a/django/utils/termcolors.py b/django/utils/termcolors.py
index c7b63336b4..87ed8c1187 100644
--- a/django/utils/termcolors.py
+++ b/django/utils/termcolors.py
@@ -69,6 +69,7 @@ def make_style(opts=(), **kwargs):
     """
     return lambda text: colorize(text, opts, **kwargs)
 
+
 NOCOLOR_PALETTE = 'nocolor'
 DARK_PALETTE = 'dark'
 LIGHT_PALETTE = 'light'
diff --git a/django/utils/text.py b/django/utils/text.py
index 4f8ef9b31b..b0f139e034 100644
--- a/django/utils/text.py
+++ b/django/utils/text.py
@@ -385,6 +385,7 @@ def _replace_entity(match):
         except (ValueError, KeyError):
             return match.group(0)
 
+
 _entity_re = re.compile(r"&(#?[xX]?(?:[0-9a-fA-F]+|\w{1,8}));")
 
 
@@ -445,4 +446,6 @@ def _format_lazy(format_string, *args, **kwargs):
     and/or kwargs might be lazy.
     """
     return format_string.format(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
 format_lazy = lazy(_format_lazy, six.text_type)
diff --git a/django/utils/timezone.py b/django/utils/timezone.py
index 29885caac8..090750793a 100644
--- a/django/utils/timezone.py
+++ b/django/utils/timezone.py
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ class FixedOffset(tzinfo):
     def dst(self, dt):
         return ZERO
 
+
 utc = pytz.utc
 """UTC time zone as a tzinfo instance."""
 
@@ -85,6 +86,7 @@ def get_default_timezone_name():
     """
     return _get_timezone_name(get_default_timezone())
 
+
 _active = local()
 
 
diff --git a/django/utils/translation/__init__.py b/django/utils/translation/__init__.py
index 39d0f4162b..6cdcaf9bf1 100644
--- a/django/utils/translation/__init__.py
+++ b/django/utils/translation/__init__.py
@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ class Trans(object):
         setattr(self, real_name, getattr(trans, real_name))
         return getattr(trans, real_name)
 
+
 _trans = Trans()
 
 # The Trans class is no more needed, so remove it from the namespace.
@@ -72,6 +73,7 @@ del Trans
 def gettext_noop(message):
     return _trans.gettext_noop(message)
 
+
 ugettext_noop = gettext_noop
 
 
@@ -98,6 +100,7 @@ def pgettext(context, message):
 def npgettext(context, singular, plural, number):
     return _trans.npgettext(context, singular, plural, number)
 
+
 gettext_lazy = lazy(gettext, str)
 ugettext_lazy = lazy(ugettext, six.text_type)
 pgettext_lazy = lazy(pgettext, six.text_type)
@@ -231,6 +234,8 @@ def _string_concat(*strings):
         'favor of django.utils.text.format_lazy().',
         RemovedInDjango21Warning, stacklevel=2)
     return ''.join(force_text(s) for s in strings)
+
+
 string_concat = lazy(_string_concat, six.text_type)
 
 
@@ -255,6 +260,7 @@ def get_language_info(lang_code):
         info['name_translated'] = ugettext_lazy(info['name'])
     return info
 
+
 trim_whitespace_re = re.compile(r'\s*\n\s*')
 
 
diff --git a/django/utils/translation/trans_null.py b/django/utils/translation/trans_null.py
index 7d02fa5607..21097244d3 100644
--- a/django/utils/translation/trans_null.py
+++ b/django/utils/translation/trans_null.py
@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ def ngettext(singular, plural, number):
     if number == 1:
         return singular
     return plural
+
+
 ngettext_lazy = ngettext
 
 
@@ -55,6 +57,7 @@ def gettext(message):
 def ugettext(message):
     return force_text(gettext(message))
 
+
 gettext_noop = gettext_lazy = _ = gettext
 
 
diff --git a/django/utils/translation/trans_real.py b/django/utils/translation/trans_real.py
index 9d246324f0..b3da22482a 100644
--- a/django/utils/translation/trans_real.py
+++ b/django/utils/translation/trans_real.py
@@ -337,6 +337,7 @@ def gettext(message):
     """
     return do_translate(message, 'gettext')
 
+
 if six.PY3:
     ugettext = gettext
 else:
@@ -384,6 +385,7 @@ def ngettext(singular, plural, number):
     """
     return do_ntranslate(singular, plural, number, 'ngettext')
 
+
 if six.PY3:
     ungettext = ngettext
 else:
diff --git a/django/views/debug.py b/django/views/debug.py
index 1a72ec0405..fff67249c6 100644
--- a/django/views/debug.py
+++ b/django/views/debug.py
@@ -525,6 +525,7 @@ def default_urlconf(request):
 
     return HttpResponse(t.render(c), content_type='text/html')
 
+
 #
 # Templates are embedded in the file so that we know the error handler will
 # always work even if the template loader is broken.
diff --git a/django/views/decorators/http.py b/django/views/decorators/http.py
index 846d3921cf..21b56a3202 100644
--- a/django/views/decorators/http.py
+++ b/django/views/decorators/http.py
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ def require_http_methods(request_method_list):
         return inner
     return decorator
 
+
 require_GET = require_http_methods(["GET"])
 require_GET.__doc__ = "Decorator to require that a view only accepts the GET method."
 
diff --git a/tests/admin_changelist/admin.py b/tests/admin_changelist/admin.py
index a630c26140..39494e99d3 100644
--- a/tests/admin_changelist/admin.py
+++ b/tests/admin_changelist/admin.py
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ class EventAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
     def has_add_permission(self, request):
         return False
 
+
 site.register(Event, EventAdmin)
 
 
@@ -98,12 +99,14 @@ class DynamicListDisplayLinksChildAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
     def get_list_display_links(self, request, list_display):
         return ['age']
 
+
 site.register(Child, DynamicListDisplayChildAdmin)
 
 
 class NoListDisplayLinksParentAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
     list_display_links = None
 
+
 site.register(Parent, NoListDisplayLinksParentAdmin)
 
 
@@ -113,6 +116,7 @@ class SwallowAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
     list_editable = ['load', 'speed']
     list_per_page = 3
 
+
 site.register(Swallow, SwallowAdmin)
 
 
diff --git a/tests/admin_ordering/tests.py b/tests/admin_ordering/tests.py
index 44d7beb368..def9b8b7c7 100644
--- a/tests/admin_ordering/tests.py
+++ b/tests/admin_ordering/tests.py
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ class MockSuperUser(object):
     def has_module_perms(self, module):
         return True
 
+
 request = MockRequest()
 request.user = MockSuperUser()
 
diff --git a/tests/admin_views/admin.py b/tests/admin_views/admin.py
index 2aa042c386..cdb32a2825 100644
--- a/tests/admin_views/admin.py
+++ b/tests/admin_views/admin.py
@@ -54,6 +54,8 @@ def callable_year(dt_value):
         return dt_value.year
     except AttributeError:
         return None
+
+
 callable_year.admin_order_field = 'date'
 
 
@@ -252,24 +254,32 @@ def external_mail(modeladmin, request, selected):
         'from@example.com',
         ['to@example.com']
     ).send()
+
+
 external_mail.short_description = 'External mail (Another awesome action)'
 
 
 def redirect_to(modeladmin, request, selected):
     from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect
     return HttpResponseRedirect('/some-where-else/')
+
+
 redirect_to.short_description = 'Redirect to (Awesome action)'
 
 
 def download(modeladmin, request, selected):
     buf = StringIO('This is the content of the file')
     return StreamingHttpResponse(FileWrapper(buf))
+
+
 download.short_description = 'Download subscription'
 
 
 def no_perm(modeladmin, request, selected):
     return HttpResponse(content='No permission to perform this action',
                         status=403)
+
+
 no_perm.short_description = 'No permission to run'
 
 
@@ -631,6 +641,8 @@ class AdminOrderedAdminMethodAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
 
 def admin_ordered_callable(obj):
     return obj.order
+
+
 admin_ordered_callable.admin_order_field = 'order'
 
 
diff --git a/tests/admin_views/test_multidb.py b/tests/admin_views/test_multidb.py
index f5f4d6dc84..102cf35a5d 100644
--- a/tests/admin_views/test_multidb.py
+++ b/tests/admin_views/test_multidb.py
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ class Router(object):
 
     db_for_write = db_for_read
 
+
 site = admin.AdminSite(name='test_adminsite')
 site.register(Book)
 
diff --git a/tests/admin_widgets/widgetadmin.py b/tests/admin_widgets/widgetadmin.py
index 6b205b70dc..3dd9997598 100644
--- a/tests/admin_widgets/widgetadmin.py
+++ b/tests/admin_widgets/widgetadmin.py
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ class SchoolAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
     filter_vertical = ('students',)
     filter_horizontal = ('alumni',)
 
+
 site = WidgetAdmin(name='widget-admin')
 
 site.register(models.User)
diff --git a/tests/auth_tests/test_admin_multidb.py b/tests/auth_tests/test_admin_multidb.py
index 6e2fb8d1b1..9d0d999739 100644
--- a/tests/auth_tests/test_admin_multidb.py
+++ b/tests/auth_tests/test_admin_multidb.py
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ class Router(object):
 
     db_for_write = db_for_read
 
+
 site = admin.AdminSite(name='test_adminsite')
 site.register(User, admin_class=UserAdmin)
 
diff --git a/tests/auth_tests/urls_custom_user_admin.py b/tests/auth_tests/urls_custom_user_admin.py
index de33984fa5..94039dfa57 100644
--- a/tests/auth_tests/urls_custom_user_admin.py
+++ b/tests/auth_tests/urls_custom_user_admin.py
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ class CustomUserAdmin(UserAdmin):
         super(CustomUserAdmin, self).log_change(request, object, message)
         request.user.pk = original_pk
 
+
 site.register(get_user_model(), CustomUserAdmin)
 
 urlpatterns = [
diff --git a/tests/base/models.py b/tests/base/models.py
index f84d64df53..4a8a2ffd81 100644
--- a/tests/base/models.py
+++ b/tests/base/models.py
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ class CustomBaseModel(models.base.ModelBase):
 class MyModel(six.with_metaclass(CustomBaseModel, models.Model)):
     """Model subclass with a custom base using six.with_metaclass."""
 
+
 # This is done to ensure that for Python2 only, defining metaclasses
 # still does not fail to create the model.
 
diff --git a/tests/check_framework/tests.py b/tests/check_framework/tests.py
index 4748f28eeb..26ce929655 100644
--- a/tests/check_framework/tests.py
+++ b/tests/check_framework/tests.py
@@ -137,12 +137,16 @@ def simple_system_check(**kwargs):
 def tagged_system_check(**kwargs):
     tagged_system_check.kwargs = kwargs
     return [checks.Warning('System Check')]
+
+
 tagged_system_check.tags = ['simpletag']
 
 
 def deployment_system_check(**kwargs):
     deployment_system_check.kwargs = kwargs
     return [checks.Warning('Deployment Check')]
+
+
 deployment_system_check.tags = ['deploymenttag']
 
 
diff --git a/tests/decorators/tests.py b/tests/decorators/tests.py
index 8d8f03f101..f8f8f4dc0a 100644
--- a/tests/decorators/tests.py
+++ b/tests/decorators/tests.py
@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@ from django.views.decorators.vary import vary_on_cookie, vary_on_headers
 def fully_decorated(request):
     """Expected __doc__"""
     return HttpResponse('<html><body>dummy</body></html>')
+
+
 fully_decorated.anything = "Expected __dict__"
 
 
@@ -170,6 +172,7 @@ def simple_dec(func):
         return func("test:" + arg)
     return wraps(func)(wrapper)
 
+
 simple_dec_m = method_decorator(simple_dec)
 
 
@@ -180,6 +183,7 @@ def myattr_dec(func):
     wrapper.myattr = True
     return wraps(func)(wrapper)
 
+
 myattr_dec_m = method_decorator(myattr_dec)
 
 
@@ -189,6 +193,7 @@ def myattr2_dec(func):
     wrapper.myattr2 = True
     return wraps(func)(wrapper)
 
+
 myattr2_dec_m = method_decorator(myattr2_dec)
 
 
diff --git a/tests/dispatch/tests.py b/tests/dispatch/tests.py
index a50d31cabe..ce48157d70 100644
--- a/tests/dispatch/tests.py
+++ b/tests/dispatch/tests.py
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ class Callable(object):
     def a(self, val, **kwargs):
         return val
 
+
 a_signal = Signal(providing_args=["val"])
 b_signal = Signal(providing_args=["val"])
 c_signal = Signal(providing_args=["val"])
diff --git a/tests/forms_tests/tests/test_formsets.py b/tests/forms_tests/tests/test_formsets.py
index 724c16c4fa..8e04ce76cd 100644
--- a/tests/forms_tests/tests/test_formsets.py
+++ b/tests/forms_tests/tests/test_formsets.py
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ FavoriteDrinksFormSet = formset_factory(FavoriteDrinkForm, formset=BaseFavoriteD
 class SplitDateTimeForm(Form):
     when = SplitDateTimeField(initial=datetime.datetime.now)
 
+
 SplitDateTimeFormSet = formset_factory(SplitDateTimeForm)
 
 
@@ -1281,6 +1282,7 @@ class ArticleForm(Form):
     title = CharField()
     pub_date = DateField()
 
+
 ArticleFormSet = formset_factory(ArticleForm)
 
 
diff --git a/tests/generic_inline_admin/tests.py b/tests/generic_inline_admin/tests.py
index e1debb9d85..a25294beda 100644
--- a/tests/generic_inline_admin/tests.py
+++ b/tests/generic_inline_admin/tests.py
@@ -397,6 +397,7 @@ class MockSuperUser(object):
     def has_perm(self, perm):
         return True
 
+
 request = MockRequest()
 request.user = MockSuperUser()
 
diff --git a/tests/generic_relations_regress/models.py b/tests/generic_relations_regress/models.py
index 331c5751a1..eb4f645d34 100644
--- a/tests/generic_relations_regress/models.py
+++ b/tests/generic_relations_regress/models.py
@@ -214,4 +214,5 @@ class Related(models.Model):
 def prevent_deletes(sender, instance, **kwargs):
     raise ProtectedError("Not allowed to delete.", [instance])
 
+
 models.signals.pre_delete.connect(prevent_deletes, sender=Node)
diff --git a/tests/generic_views/models.py b/tests/generic_views/models.py
index afe4d042cd..a840df7d62 100644
--- a/tests/generic_views/models.py
+++ b/tests/generic_views/models.py
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ class DoesNotExistQuerySet(QuerySet):
     def get(self, *args, **kwargs):
         raise Author.DoesNotExist
 
+
 DoesNotExistBookManager = BaseManager.from_queryset(DoesNotExistQuerySet)
 
 
diff --git a/tests/gis_tests/gdal_tests/test_srs.py b/tests/gis_tests/gdal_tests/test_srs.py
index 9c7f5c39a4..d03d8dcfd3 100644
--- a/tests/gis_tests/gdal_tests/test_srs.py
+++ b/tests/gis_tests/gdal_tests/test_srs.py
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ class TestSRS:
         for key, value in kwargs.items():
             setattr(self, key, value)
 
+
 WGS84_proj = '+proj=longlat +ellps=WGS84 +datum=WGS84 +no_defs '
 
 # Some Spatial Reference examples
diff --git a/tests/gis_tests/geoapp/feeds.py b/tests/gis_tests/geoapp/feeds.py
index 57d2d74866..4a0ec7647d 100644
--- a/tests/gis_tests/geoapp/feeds.py
+++ b/tests/gis_tests/geoapp/feeds.py
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ class TestW3CGeo3(TestGeoRSS1):
         from django.contrib.gis.geos import Polygon
         return Polygon(((0, 0), (0, 1), (1, 1), (1, 0), (0, 0)))
 
+
 # The feed dictionary to use for URLs.
 feed_dict = {
     'rss1': TestGeoRSS1,
diff --git a/tests/gis_tests/geos_tests/test_geos_mutation.py b/tests/gis_tests/geos_tests/test_geos_mutation.py
index b540fc1aa7..d2fd29bdb2 100644
--- a/tests/gis_tests/geos_tests/test_geos_mutation.py
+++ b/tests/gis_tests/geos_tests/test_geos_mutation.py
@@ -65,6 +65,7 @@ def api_get_area(x):
 def api_get_length(x):
     return x.length
 
+
 geos_function_tests = [
     val for name, val in vars().items()
     if hasattr(val, '__call__') and name.startswith('api_get_')
diff --git a/tests/gis_tests/geos_tests/test_mutable_list.py b/tests/gis_tests/geos_tests/test_mutable_list.py
index 7eb3680b7c..3f7d8c30a1 100644
--- a/tests/gis_tests/geos_tests/test_mutable_list.py
+++ b/tests/gis_tests/geos_tests/test_mutable_list.py
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ def nextRange(length):
     nextRange.start += 100
     return range(nextRange.start, nextRange.start + length)
 
+
 nextRange.start = 0
 
 
diff --git a/tests/gis_tests/test_measure.py b/tests/gis_tests/test_measure.py
index 174b04a29c..3616fcde1a 100644
--- a/tests/gis_tests/test_measure.py
+++ b/tests/gis_tests/test_measure.py
@@ -277,5 +277,6 @@ def suite():
 def run(verbosity=2):
     unittest.TextTestRunner(verbosity=verbosity).run(suite())
 
+
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     run()
diff --git a/tests/indexes/models.py b/tests/indexes/models.py
index abd3b0584a..47d413faee 100644
--- a/tests/indexes/models.py
+++ b/tests/indexes/models.py
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ class IndexTogetherSingleList(models.Model):
     class Meta:
         index_together = ["headline", "pub_date"]
 
+
 # Indexing a TextField on Oracle or MySQL results in index creation error.
 if connection.vendor == 'postgresql':
     class IndexedArticle(models.Model):
diff --git a/tests/logging_tests/tests.py b/tests/logging_tests/tests.py
index a46cad2f9a..c494a08ee4 100644
--- a/tests/logging_tests/tests.py
+++ b/tests/logging_tests/tests.py
@@ -385,6 +385,8 @@ class SettingsConfigTest(AdminScriptTestCase):
 
 def dictConfig(config):
     dictConfig.called = True
+
+
 dictConfig.called = False
 
 
diff --git a/tests/model_fields/models.py b/tests/model_fields/models.py
index faa7d08189..cd0f53c4f2 100644
--- a/tests/model_fields/models.py
+++ b/tests/model_fields/models.py
@@ -218,6 +218,7 @@ class DataModel(models.Model):
 class Document(models.Model):
     myfile = models.FileField(upload_to='unused', unique=True)
 
+
 ###############################################################################
 # ImageField
 
diff --git a/tests/model_options/models/tablespaces.py b/tests/model_options/models/tablespaces.py
index 42fe1356c8..ec705b7b2d 100644
--- a/tests/model_options/models/tablespaces.py
+++ b/tests/model_options/models/tablespaces.py
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ class Article(models.Model):
         db_tablespace = 'tbl_tbsp'
         managed = False
 
+
 # Also set the tables for automatically created models
 
 Authors = Article._meta.get_field('authors').remote_field.through
diff --git a/tests/modeladmin/tests.py b/tests/modeladmin/tests.py
index c9bbfc8d0e..3ba497d100 100644
--- a/tests/modeladmin/tests.py
+++ b/tests/modeladmin/tests.py
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ class MockSuperUser(object):
     def has_perm(self, perm):
         return True
 
+
 request = MockRequest()
 request.user = MockSuperUser()
 
diff --git a/tests/serializers/test_data.py b/tests/serializers/test_data.py
index 4318856307..f9cb9582fe 100644
--- a/tests/serializers/test_data.py
+++ b/tests/serializers/test_data.py
@@ -182,6 +182,7 @@ def inherited_compare(testcase, pk, klass, data):
     for key, value in data.items():
         testcase.assertEqual(value, getattr(instance, key))
 
+
 # Define some data types. Each data type is
 # actually a pair of functions; one to create
 # and one to compare objects of that type
diff --git a/tests/sitemaps_tests/urls/https.py b/tests/sitemaps_tests/urls/https.py
index ec4ab1489f..4f07d4759c 100644
--- a/tests/sitemaps_tests/urls/https.py
+++ b/tests/sitemaps_tests/urls/https.py
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ from .http import SimpleSitemap
 class HTTPSSitemap(SimpleSitemap):
     protocol = 'https'
 
+
 secure_sitemaps = {
     'simple': HTTPSSitemap,
 }
diff --git a/tests/template_tests/templatetags/custom.py b/tests/template_tests/templatetags/custom.py
index ea1d7c6e67..fffef022ac 100644
--- a/tests/template_tests/templatetags/custom.py
+++ b/tests/template_tests/templatetags/custom.py
@@ -32,6 +32,8 @@ def context_stack_length(context):
 def no_params():
     """Expected no_params __doc__"""
     return "no_params - Expected result"
+
+
 no_params.anything = "Expected no_params __dict__"
 
 
@@ -39,6 +41,8 @@ no_params.anything = "Expected no_params __dict__"
 def one_param(arg):
     """Expected one_param __doc__"""
     return "one_param - Expected result: %s" % arg
+
+
 one_param.anything = "Expected one_param __dict__"
 
 
@@ -46,6 +50,8 @@ one_param.anything = "Expected one_param __dict__"
 def explicit_no_context(arg):
     """Expected explicit_no_context __doc__"""
     return "explicit_no_context - Expected result: %s" % arg
+
+
 explicit_no_context.anything = "Expected explicit_no_context __dict__"
 
 
@@ -53,6 +59,8 @@ explicit_no_context.anything = "Expected explicit_no_context __dict__"
 def no_params_with_context(context):
     """Expected no_params_with_context __doc__"""
     return "no_params_with_context - Expected result (context value: %s)" % context['value']
+
+
 no_params_with_context.anything = "Expected no_params_with_context __dict__"
 
 
@@ -60,6 +68,8 @@ no_params_with_context.anything = "Expected no_params_with_context __dict__"
 def params_and_context(context, arg):
     """Expected params_and_context __doc__"""
     return "params_and_context - Expected result (context value: %s): %s" % (context['value'], arg)
+
+
 params_and_context.anything = "Expected params_and_context __dict__"
 
 
@@ -67,6 +77,8 @@ params_and_context.anything = "Expected params_and_context __dict__"
 def simple_two_params(one, two):
     """Expected simple_two_params __doc__"""
     return "simple_two_params - Expected result: %s, %s" % (one, two)
+
+
 simple_two_params.anything = "Expected simple_two_params __dict__"
 
 
@@ -74,6 +86,8 @@ simple_two_params.anything = "Expected simple_two_params __dict__"
 def simple_one_default(one, two='hi'):
     """Expected simple_one_default __doc__"""
     return "simple_one_default - Expected result: %s, %s" % (one, two)
+
+
 simple_one_default.anything = "Expected simple_one_default __dict__"
 
 
@@ -83,6 +97,8 @@ def simple_unlimited_args(one, two='hi', *args):
     return "simple_unlimited_args - Expected result: %s" % (
         ', '.join(six.text_type(arg) for arg in [one, two] + list(args))
     )
+
+
 simple_unlimited_args.anything = "Expected simple_unlimited_args __dict__"
 
 
@@ -90,6 +106,8 @@ simple_unlimited_args.anything = "Expected simple_unlimited_args __dict__"
 def simple_only_unlimited_args(*args):
     """Expected simple_only_unlimited_args __doc__"""
     return "simple_only_unlimited_args - Expected result: %s" % ', '.join(six.text_type(arg) for arg in args)
+
+
 simple_only_unlimited_args.anything = "Expected simple_only_unlimited_args __dict__"
 
 
@@ -102,6 +120,8 @@ def simple_unlimited_args_kwargs(one, two='hi', *args, **kwargs):
         ', '.join(six.text_type(arg) for arg in [one, two] + list(args)),
         ', '.join('%s=%s' % (k, v) for (k, v) in sorted_kwarg)
     )
+
+
 simple_unlimited_args_kwargs.anything = "Expected simple_unlimited_args_kwargs __dict__"
 
 
@@ -109,6 +129,8 @@ simple_unlimited_args_kwargs.anything = "Expected simple_unlimited_args_kwargs _
 def simple_tag_without_context_parameter(arg):
     """Expected simple_tag_without_context_parameter __doc__"""
     return "Expected result"
+
+
 simple_tag_without_context_parameter.anything = "Expected simple_tag_without_context_parameter __dict__"
 
 
@@ -144,6 +166,7 @@ def use_l10n(context):
 def minustwo_overridden_name(value):
     return value - 2
 
+
 register.simple_tag(lambda x: x - 1, name='minusone')
 
 
diff --git a/tests/template_tests/templatetags/inclusion.py b/tests/template_tests/templatetags/inclusion.py
index 57fad868e7..dbdfa45c95 100644
--- a/tests/template_tests/templatetags/inclusion.py
+++ b/tests/template_tests/templatetags/inclusion.py
@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ register = Library()
 def inclusion_no_params():
     """Expected inclusion_no_params __doc__"""
     return {"result": "inclusion_no_params - Expected result"}
+
+
 inclusion_no_params.anything = "Expected inclusion_no_params __dict__"
 
 
@@ -18,6 +20,8 @@ inclusion_no_params.anything = "Expected inclusion_no_params __dict__"
 def inclusion_no_params_from_template():
     """Expected inclusion_no_params_from_template __doc__"""
     return {"result": "inclusion_no_params_from_template - Expected result"}
+
+
 inclusion_no_params_from_template.anything = "Expected inclusion_no_params_from_template __dict__"
 
 
@@ -25,6 +29,8 @@ inclusion_no_params_from_template.anything = "Expected inclusion_no_params_from_
 def inclusion_one_param(arg):
     """Expected inclusion_one_param __doc__"""
     return {"result": "inclusion_one_param - Expected result: %s" % arg}
+
+
 inclusion_one_param.anything = "Expected inclusion_one_param __dict__"
 
 
@@ -32,6 +38,8 @@ inclusion_one_param.anything = "Expected inclusion_one_param __dict__"
 def inclusion_one_param_from_template(arg):
     """Expected inclusion_one_param_from_template __doc__"""
     return {"result": "inclusion_one_param_from_template - Expected result: %s" % arg}
+
+
 inclusion_one_param_from_template.anything = "Expected inclusion_one_param_from_template __dict__"
 
 
@@ -39,6 +47,8 @@ inclusion_one_param_from_template.anything = "Expected inclusion_one_param_from_
 def inclusion_explicit_no_context(arg):
     """Expected inclusion_explicit_no_context __doc__"""
     return {"result": "inclusion_explicit_no_context - Expected result: %s" % arg}
+
+
 inclusion_explicit_no_context.anything = "Expected inclusion_explicit_no_context __dict__"
 
 
@@ -46,6 +56,8 @@ inclusion_explicit_no_context.anything = "Expected inclusion_explicit_no_context
 def inclusion_explicit_no_context_from_template(arg):
     """Expected inclusion_explicit_no_context_from_template __doc__"""
     return {"result": "inclusion_explicit_no_context_from_template - Expected result: %s" % arg}
+
+
 inclusion_explicit_no_context_from_template.anything = "Expected inclusion_explicit_no_context_from_template __dict__"
 
 
@@ -53,6 +65,8 @@ inclusion_explicit_no_context_from_template.anything = "Expected inclusion_expli
 def inclusion_no_params_with_context(context):
     """Expected inclusion_no_params_with_context __doc__"""
     return {"result": "inclusion_no_params_with_context - Expected result (context value: %s)" % context['value']}
+
+
 inclusion_no_params_with_context.anything = "Expected inclusion_no_params_with_context __dict__"
 
 
@@ -64,6 +78,8 @@ def inclusion_no_params_with_context_from_template(context):
             "inclusion_no_params_with_context_from_template - Expected result (context value: %s)" % context['value']
         )
     }
+
+
 inclusion_no_params_with_context_from_template.anything = (
     "Expected inclusion_no_params_with_context_from_template __dict__"
 )
@@ -75,6 +91,8 @@ def inclusion_params_and_context(context, arg):
     return {
         "result": "inclusion_params_and_context - Expected result (context value: %s): %s" % (context['value'], arg)
     }
+
+
 inclusion_params_and_context.anything = "Expected inclusion_params_and_context __dict__"
 
 
@@ -87,6 +105,8 @@ def inclusion_params_and_context_from_template(context, arg):
             "(context value: %s): %s" % (context['value'], arg)
         )
     }
+
+
 inclusion_params_and_context_from_template.anything = "Expected inclusion_params_and_context_from_template __dict__"
 
 
@@ -94,6 +114,8 @@ inclusion_params_and_context_from_template.anything = "Expected inclusion_params
 def inclusion_two_params(one, two):
     """Expected inclusion_two_params __doc__"""
     return {"result": "inclusion_two_params - Expected result: %s, %s" % (one, two)}
+
+
 inclusion_two_params.anything = "Expected inclusion_two_params __dict__"
 
 
@@ -101,6 +123,8 @@ inclusion_two_params.anything = "Expected inclusion_two_params __dict__"
 def inclusion_two_params_from_template(one, two):
     """Expected inclusion_two_params_from_template __doc__"""
     return {"result": "inclusion_two_params_from_template - Expected result: %s, %s" % (one, two)}
+
+
 inclusion_two_params_from_template.anything = "Expected inclusion_two_params_from_template __dict__"
 
 
@@ -108,6 +132,8 @@ inclusion_two_params_from_template.anything = "Expected inclusion_two_params_fro
 def inclusion_one_default(one, two='hi'):
     """Expected inclusion_one_default __doc__"""
     return {"result": "inclusion_one_default - Expected result: %s, %s" % (one, two)}
+
+
 inclusion_one_default.anything = "Expected inclusion_one_default __dict__"
 
 
@@ -115,6 +141,8 @@ inclusion_one_default.anything = "Expected inclusion_one_default __dict__"
 def inclusion_one_default_from_template(one, two='hi'):
     """Expected inclusion_one_default_from_template __doc__"""
     return {"result": "inclusion_one_default_from_template - Expected result: %s, %s" % (one, two)}
+
+
 inclusion_one_default_from_template.anything = "Expected inclusion_one_default_from_template __dict__"
 
 
@@ -128,6 +156,8 @@ def inclusion_unlimited_args(one, two='hi', *args):
             )
         )
     }
+
+
 inclusion_unlimited_args.anything = "Expected inclusion_unlimited_args __dict__"
 
 
@@ -141,6 +171,8 @@ def inclusion_unlimited_args_from_template(one, two='hi', *args):
             )
         )
     }
+
+
 inclusion_unlimited_args_from_template.anything = "Expected inclusion_unlimited_args_from_template __dict__"
 
 
@@ -152,6 +184,8 @@ def inclusion_only_unlimited_args(*args):
             ', '.join(six.text_type(arg) for arg in args)
         )
     }
+
+
 inclusion_only_unlimited_args.anything = "Expected inclusion_only_unlimited_args __dict__"
 
 
@@ -163,6 +197,8 @@ def inclusion_only_unlimited_args_from_template(*args):
             ', '.join(six.text_type(arg) for arg in args)
         )
     }
+
+
 inclusion_only_unlimited_args_from_template.anything = "Expected inclusion_only_unlimited_args_from_template __dict__"
 
 
@@ -170,6 +206,8 @@ inclusion_only_unlimited_args_from_template.anything = "Expected inclusion_only_
 def inclusion_tag_use_l10n(context):
     """Expected inclusion_tag_use_l10n __doc__"""
     return {}
+
+
 inclusion_tag_use_l10n.anything = "Expected inclusion_tag_use_l10n __dict__"
 
 
@@ -182,6 +220,8 @@ def inclusion_unlimited_args_kwargs(one, two='hi', *args, **kwargs):
         ', '.join(six.text_type(arg) for arg in [one, two] + list(args)),
         ', '.join('%s=%s' % (k, v) for (k, v) in sorted_kwarg)
     )}
+
+
 inclusion_unlimited_args_kwargs.anything = "Expected inclusion_unlimited_args_kwargs __dict__"
 
 
@@ -189,6 +229,8 @@ inclusion_unlimited_args_kwargs.anything = "Expected inclusion_unlimited_args_kw
 def inclusion_tag_without_context_parameter(arg):
     """Expected inclusion_tag_without_context_parameter __doc__"""
     return {}
+
+
 inclusion_tag_without_context_parameter.anything = "Expected inclusion_tag_without_context_parameter __dict__"
 
 
diff --git a/tests/template_tests/templatetags/testtags.py b/tests/template_tests/templatetags/testtags.py
index 41b65a2ed1..4b839a9a54 100644
--- a/tests/template_tests/templatetags/testtags.py
+++ b/tests/template_tests/templatetags/testtags.py
@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@ class EchoNode(Node):
 @register.tag
 def echo(parser, token):
     return EchoNode(token.contents.split()[1:])
+
+
 register.tag('other_echo', echo)
 
 
diff --git a/tests/template_tests/test_response.py b/tests/template_tests/test_response.py
index 19e8e1fe99..c148b2dc44 100644
--- a/tests/template_tests/test_response.py
+++ b/tests/template_tests/test_response.py
@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@ from .utils import TEMPLATE_DIR
 
 def test_processor(request):
     return {'processors': 'yes'}
+
+
 test_processor_name = 'template_tests.test_response.test_processor'
 
 
diff --git a/tests/test_client/views.py b/tests/test_client/views.py
index c1841c3c44..af30c4283d 100644
--- a/tests/test_client/views.py
+++ b/tests/test_client/views.py
@@ -116,6 +116,7 @@ def bad_view(request):
     "A view that returns a 404 with some error content"
     return HttpResponseNotFound('Not found!. This page contains some MAGIC content')
 
+
 TestChoices = (
     ('a', 'First Choice'),
     ('b', 'Second Choice'),
@@ -191,6 +192,7 @@ class BaseTestFormSet(BaseFormSet):
                 )
             emails.append(email)
 
+
 TestFormSet = formset_factory(TestForm, BaseTestFormSet)
 
 
@@ -238,6 +240,8 @@ def _permission_protected_view(request):
                  name='Permissions Template')
     c = Context({'user': request.user})
     return HttpResponse(t.render(c))
+
+
 permission_protected_view = permission_required('permission_not_granted')(_permission_protected_view)
 permission_protected_view_exception = (
     permission_required('permission_not_granted', raise_exception=True)(_permission_protected_view)
@@ -262,6 +266,7 @@ class _ViewManager(object):
         c = Context({'user': request.user})
         return HttpResponse(t.render(c))
 
+
 _view_manager = _ViewManager()
 login_protected_method_view = _view_manager.login_protected_view
 permission_protected_method_view = _view_manager.permission_protected_view
diff --git a/tests/test_runner/tests.py b/tests/test_runner/tests.py
index a913e87d09..80ab0f38a5 100644
--- a/tests/test_runner/tests.py
+++ b/tests/test_runner/tests.py
@@ -135,6 +135,7 @@ class MockTestRunner(object):
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         pass
 
+
 MockTestRunner.run_tests = mock.Mock(return_value=[])
 
 
diff --git a/tests/timezones/admin.py b/tests/timezones/admin.py
index a650e110cc..4d3e4ca2fe 100644
--- a/tests/timezones/admin.py
+++ b/tests/timezones/admin.py
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ class EventAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
 class TimestampAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
     readonly_fields = ('created', 'updated')
 
+
 site = admin.AdminSite(name='admin_tz')
 site.register(Event, EventAdmin)
 site.register(Timestamp, TimestampAdmin)
diff --git a/tests/urlpatterns_reverse/method_view_urls.py b/tests/urlpatterns_reverse/method_view_urls.py
index d2f24ecffa..c28958e6a9 100644
--- a/tests/urlpatterns_reverse/method_view_urls.py
+++ b/tests/urlpatterns_reverse/method_view_urls.py
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ class ViewContainer(object):
     def classmethod_view(cls, request):
         pass
 
+
 view_container = ViewContainer()
 
 
diff --git a/tests/urlpatterns_reverse/urlconf_inner.py b/tests/urlpatterns_reverse/urlconf_inner.py
index 2a8ed7e26f..e2c7b7bf80 100644
--- a/tests/urlpatterns_reverse/urlconf_inner.py
+++ b/tests/urlpatterns_reverse/urlconf_inner.py
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ def inner_view(request):
                        '{% url "inner" as inner_url %}inner:{{ inner_url }}').render(Context())
     return HttpResponse(content)
 
+
 urlpatterns = [
     url(r'^second_test/$', inner_view, name='inner'),
 ]
diff --git a/tests/urlpatterns_reverse/views.py b/tests/urlpatterns_reverse/views.py
index 1d1d3d557a..e8765367be 100644
--- a/tests/urlpatterns_reverse/views.py
+++ b/tests/urlpatterns_reverse/views.py
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ def pass_resolver_match_view(request, *args, **kwargs):
     response.resolver_match = request.resolver_match
     return response
 
+
 uncallable = None  # neither a callable nor a string
 
 
@@ -38,6 +39,7 @@ class ViewClass(object):
     def __call__(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
         return HttpResponse('')
 
+
 view_class_instance = ViewClass()
 
 
diff --git a/tests/utils_tests/test_decorators.py b/tests/utils_tests/test_decorators.py
index 06c6dc1cd2..a4d080e2d7 100644
--- a/tests/utils_tests/test_decorators.py
+++ b/tests/utils_tests/test_decorators.py
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ class ProcessViewMiddleware(object):
     def process_view(self, request, view_func, view_args, view_kwargs):
         pass
 
+
 process_view_dec = decorator_from_middleware(ProcessViewMiddleware)
 
 
@@ -21,6 +22,7 @@ class ClassProcessView(object):
     def __call__(self, request):
         return HttpResponse()
 
+
 class_process_view = process_view_dec(ClassProcessView())
 
 
@@ -41,6 +43,7 @@ class FullMiddleware(object):
         request.process_response_reached = True
         return response
 
+
 full_dec = decorator_from_middleware(FullMiddleware)
 
 
diff --git a/tests/utils_tests/test_jslex.py b/tests/utils_tests/test_jslex.py
index dbf0d41b77..f77be16b7f 100644
--- a/tests/utils_tests/test_jslex.py
+++ b/tests/utils_tests/test_jslex.py
@@ -123,6 +123,7 @@ def make_function(input, toks):
         self.assertListEqual(result, toks)
     return test_func
 
+
 for i, (input, toks) in enumerate(JsTokensTest.LEX_CASES):
     setattr(JsTokensTest, "test_case_%d" % i, make_function(input, toks))
 
@@ -224,5 +225,6 @@ def make_function(js, c):
         self.assertMultiLineEqual(prepare_js_for_gettext(js), c)
     return test_func
 
+
 for i, pair in enumerate(GETTEXT_CASES):
     setattr(JsToCForGettextTest, "test_case_%d" % i, make_function(*pair))
diff --git a/tests/utils_tests/test_module/__init__.py b/tests/utils_tests/test_module/__init__.py
index 8f33921eb6..29ee11b722 100644
--- a/tests/utils_tests/test_module/__init__.py
+++ b/tests/utils_tests/test_module/__init__.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
 class SiteMock(object):
     _registry = {}
+
+
 site = SiteMock()
diff --git a/tests/validators/tests.py b/tests/validators/tests.py
index 2475131d28..4ef8a524b1 100644
--- a/tests/validators/tests.py
+++ b/tests/validators/tests.py
@@ -269,6 +269,7 @@ TEST_DATA = [
 def create_path(filename):
     return os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(upath(__file__)), filename))
 
+
 # Add valid and invalid URL tests.
 # This only tests the validator without extended schemes.
 with io.open(create_path('valid_urls.txt'), encoding='utf8') as f:
@@ -340,6 +341,7 @@ class TestSimpleValidators(SimpleTestCase):
         with self.assertRaisesMessage(ValidationError, '"djangoproject.com" has more than 16 characters.'):
             v('djangoproject.com')
 
+
 test_counter = 0
 for validator, value, expected in TEST_DATA:
     name, method = create_simple_test_method(validator, expected, value, test_counter)
diff --git a/tests/view_tests/__init__.py b/tests/view_tests/__init__.py
index 371ab40b40..638df1b91a 100644
--- a/tests/view_tests/__init__.py
+++ b/tests/view_tests/__init__.py
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ from __future__ import unicode_literals
 class BrokenException(Exception):
     pass
 
+
 except_args = (b'Broken!',         # plain exception with ASCII text
                '¡Broken!',         # non-ASCII unicode data
                '¡Broken!'.encode('utf-8'),  # non-ASCII, utf-8 encoded bytestring
diff --git a/tests/wsgi/urls.py b/tests/wsgi/urls.py
index 1d7f91b689..6d4a3b6b4a 100644
--- a/tests/wsgi/urls.py
+++ b/tests/wsgi/urls.py
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ from django.http import FileResponse, HttpResponse
 def helloworld(request):
     return HttpResponse("Hello World!")
 
+
 urlpatterns = [
     url("^$", helloworld),
     url(r'^file/$', lambda x: FileResponse(open(__file__, 'rb'))),