Fixed #24496 -- Added CSRF Referer checking against CSRF_COOKIE_DOMAIN.

Thanks Seth Gottlieb for help with the documentation and
Carl Meyer and Joshua Kehn for reviews.

django/http/request.py

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ from django.utils.datastructures import ImmutableList, MultiValueDict
 from django.utils.encoding import (
     escape_uri_path, force_bytes, force_str, force_text, iri_to_uri,
 )
+from django.utils.http import is_same_domain
 from django.utils.six.moves.urllib.parse import (
     parse_qsl, quote, urlencode, urljoin, urlsplit,
 )
@@ -546,15 +547,7 @@ def validate_host(host, allowed_hosts):
     host = host[:-1] if host.endswith('.') else host
 
     for pattern in allowed_hosts:
-        pattern = pattern.lower()
+        if pattern == '*' or is_same_domain(host, pattern):
-        match = (
-            pattern == '*' or
-            pattern.startswith('.') and (
-                host.endswith(pattern) or host == pattern[1:]
-            ) or
-            pattern == host
-        )
-        if match:
             return True
 
     return False

django/middleware/csrf.py

@@ -14,7 +14,8 @@ from django.core.urlresolvers import get_callable
 from django.utils.cache import patch_vary_headers
 from django.utils.crypto import constant_time_compare, get_random_string
 from django.utils.encoding import force_text
-from django.utils.http import same_origin
+from django.utils.http import is_same_domain
+from django.utils.six.moves.urllib.parse import urlparse
 
 logger = logging.getLogger('django.request')
 
@@ -22,6 +23,8 @@ REASON_NO_REFERER = "Referer checking failed - no Referer."
 REASON_BAD_REFERER = "Referer checking failed - %s does not match any trusted origins."
 REASON_NO_CSRF_COOKIE = "CSRF cookie not set."
 REASON_BAD_TOKEN = "CSRF token missing or incorrect."
+REASON_MALFORMED_REFERER = "Referer checking failed - Referer is malformed."
+REASON_INSECURE_REFERER = "Referer checking failed - Referer is insecure while host is secure."
 
 CSRF_KEY_LENGTH = 32
 
@@ -154,15 +157,35 @@ class CsrfViewMiddleware(object):
                 if referer is None:
                     return self._reject(request, REASON_NO_REFERER)
 
+                referer = urlparse(referer)
+
+                # Make sure we have a valid URL for Referer.
+                if '' in (referer.scheme, referer.netloc):
+                    return self._reject(request, REASON_MALFORMED_REFERER)
+
+                # Ensure that our Referer is also secure.
+                if referer.scheme != 'https':
+                    return self._reject(request, REASON_INSECURE_REFERER)
+
+                # If there isn't a CSRF_COOKIE_DOMAIN, assume we need an exact
+                # match on host:port. If not, obey the cookie rules.
+                if settings.CSRF_COOKIE_DOMAIN is None:
+                    # request.get_host() includes the port.
+                    good_referer = request.get_host()
+                else:
+                    good_referer = settings.CSRF_COOKIE_DOMAIN
+                    server_port = request.META['SERVER_PORT']
+                    if server_port not in ('443', '80'):
+                        good_referer = '%s:%s' % (good_referer, server_port)
+
                 # Here we generate a list of all acceptable HTTP referers,
                 # including the current host since that has been validated
                 # upstream.
                 good_hosts = list(settings.CSRF_TRUSTED_ORIGINS)
-                # Note that request.get_host() includes the port.
+                good_hosts.append(good_referer)
-                good_hosts.append(request.get_host())
+
-                good_referers = ['https://{0}/'.format(host) for host in good_hosts]
+                if not any(is_same_domain(referer.netloc, host) for host in good_hosts):
-                if not any(same_origin(referer, host) for host in good_referers):
+                    reason = REASON_BAD_REFERER % referer.geturl()
-                    reason = REASON_BAD_REFERER % referer
                     return self._reject(request, reason)
 
             if csrf_token is None:

django/utils/http.py

@@ -253,18 +253,24 @@ def quote_etag(etag):
     return '"%s"' % etag.replace('\\', '\\\\').replace('"', '\\"')
 
 
-def same_origin(url1, url2):
+def is_same_domain(host, pattern):
     """
-    Checks if two URLs are 'same-origin'
+    Return ``True`` if the host is either an exact match or a match
+    to the wildcard pattern.
+
+    Any pattern beginning with a period matches a domain and all of its
+    subdomains. (e.g. ``.example.com`` matches ``example.com`` and
+    ``foo.example.com``). Anything else is an exact string match.
     """
-    p1, p2 = urlparse(url1), urlparse(url2)
+    if not pattern:
-    try:
-        o1 = (p1.scheme, p1.hostname, p1.port or PROTOCOL_TO_PORT[p1.scheme])
-        o2 = (p2.scheme, p2.hostname, p2.port or PROTOCOL_TO_PORT[p2.scheme])
-        return o1 == o2
-    except (ValueError, KeyError):
         return False
 
+    pattern = pattern.lower()
+    return (
+        pattern[0] == '.' and (host.endswith(pattern) or host == pattern[1:]) or
+        pattern == host
+    )
+
 
 def is_safe_url(url, host=None):
     """

docs/ref/csrf.txt

@@ -257,11 +257,19 @@ The CSRF protection is based on the following things:
    due to the fact that HTTP 'Set-Cookie' headers are (unfortunately) accepted
    by clients that are talking to a site under HTTPS.  (Referer checking is not
    done for HTTP requests because the presence of the Referer header is not
-   reliable enough under HTTP.) Expanding the accepted referers beyond the
+   reliable enough under HTTP.)
-   current host can be done with the :setting:`CSRF_TRUSTED_ORIGINS` setting.
 
-This ensures that only forms that have originated from your Web site can be used
+   If the :setting:`CSRF_COOKIE_DOMAIN` setting is set, the referer is compared
-to POST data back.
+   against it. This setting supports subdomains. For example,
+   ``CSRF_COOKIE_DOMAIN = '.example.com'`` will allow POST requests from
+   ``www.example.com`` and ``api.example.com``. If the setting is not set, then
+   the referer must match the HTTP ``Host`` header.
+
+   Expanding the accepted referers beyond the current host or cookie domain can
+   be done with the :setting:`CSRF_TRUSTED_ORIGINS` setting.
+
+This ensures that only forms that have originated from trusted domains can be
+used to POST data back.
 
 It deliberately ignores GET requests (and other requests that are defined as
 'safe' by :rfc:`2616`). These requests ought never to have any potentially
@@ -269,6 +277,10 @@ dangerous side effects , and so a CSRF attack with a GET request ought to be
 harmless. :rfc:`2616` defines POST, PUT and DELETE as 'unsafe', and all other
 methods are assumed to be unsafe, for maximum protection.
 
+.. versionchanged:: 1.9
+
+    Checking against the :setting:`CSRF_COOKIE_DOMAIN` setting was added.
+
 Caching
 =======
 

docs/ref/settings.txt

@@ -444,6 +444,8 @@ header that matches the origin present in the ``Host`` header. This prevents,
 for example, a ``POST`` request from ``subdomain.example.com`` from succeeding
 against ``api.example.com``. If you need cross-origin unsafe requests over
 HTTPS, continuing the example, add ``"subdomain.example.com"`` to this list.
+The setting also supports subdomains, so you could add ``".example.com"``, for
+example, to allow access from all subdomains of ``example.com``.
 
 .. setting:: DATABASES
 

docs/releases/1.9.txt

@@ -516,6 +516,10 @@ CSRF
 * The request header's name used for CSRF authentication can be customized
   with :setting:`CSRF_HEADER_NAME`.
 
+* The CSRF referer header is now validated against the
+  :setting:`CSRF_COOKIE_DOMAIN` setting if set. See :ref:`how-csrf-works` for
+  details.
+
 * The new :setting:`CSRF_TRUSTED_ORIGINS` setting provides a way to allow
   cross-origin unsafe requests (e.g. ``POST``) over HTTPS.
 

tests/csrf_tests/tests.py

@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ class CsrfViewMiddlewareTest(SimpleTestCase):
         csrf_cookie = resp2.cookies[settings.CSRF_COOKIE_NAME]
         self._check_token_present(resp, csrf_id=csrf_cookie.value)
 
-    @override_settings(ALLOWED_HOSTS=['www.example.com'])
+    @override_settings(DEBUG=True)
     def test_https_bad_referer(self):
         """
         Test that a POST HTTPS request with a bad referer is rejected
@@ -304,27 +304,50 @@ class CsrfViewMiddlewareTest(SimpleTestCase):
         req._is_secure_override = True
         req.META['HTTP_HOST'] = 'www.example.com'
         req.META['HTTP_REFERER'] = 'https://www.evil.org/somepage'
-        req2 = CsrfViewMiddleware().process_view(req, post_form_view, (), {})
+        req.META['SERVER_PORT'] = '443'
-        self.assertIsNotNone(req2)
+        response = CsrfViewMiddleware().process_view(req, post_form_view, (), {})
-        self.assertEqual(403, req2.status_code)
+        self.assertContains(
+            response,
+            'Referer checking failed - https://www.evil.org/somepage does not '
+            'match any trusted origins.',
+            status_code=403,
+        )
 
-    @override_settings(ALLOWED_HOSTS=['www.example.com'])
+    @override_settings(DEBUG=True)
     def test_https_malformed_referer(self):
         """
         A POST HTTPS request with a bad referer is rejected.
         """
+        malformed_referer_msg = 'Referer checking failed - Referer is malformed.'
         req = self._get_POST_request_with_token()
         req._is_secure_override = True
-        req.META['HTTP_HOST'] = 'www.example.com'
         req.META['HTTP_REFERER'] = 'http://http://www.example.com/'
-        req2 = CsrfViewMiddleware().process_view(req, post_form_view, (), {})
+        response = CsrfViewMiddleware().process_view(req, post_form_view, (), {})
-        self.assertIsNotNone(req2)
+        self.assertContains(
-        self.assertEqual(403, req2.status_code)
+            response,
+            'Referer checking failed - Referer is insecure while host is secure.',
+            status_code=403,
+        )
+        # Empty
+        req.META['HTTP_REFERER'] = ''
+        response = CsrfViewMiddleware().process_view(req, post_form_view, (), {})
+        self.assertContains(response, malformed_referer_msg, status_code=403)
         # Non-ASCII
         req.META['HTTP_REFERER'] = b'\xd8B\xf6I\xdf'
-        req2 = CsrfViewMiddleware().process_view(req, post_form_view, (), {})
+        response = CsrfViewMiddleware().process_view(req, post_form_view, (), {})
-        self.assertIsNotNone(req2)
+        self.assertContains(response, malformed_referer_msg, status_code=403)
-        self.assertEqual(403, req2.status_code)
+        # missing scheme
+        # >>> urlparse('//example.com/')
+        # ParseResult(scheme='', netloc='example.com', path='/', params='', query='', fragment='')
+        req.META['HTTP_REFERER'] = '//example.com/'
+        response = CsrfViewMiddleware().process_view(req, post_form_view, (), {})
+        self.assertContains(response, malformed_referer_msg, status_code=403)
+        # missing netloc
+        # >>> urlparse('https://')
+        # ParseResult(scheme='https', netloc='', path='', params='', query='', fragment='')
+        req.META['HTTP_REFERER'] = 'https://'
+        response = CsrfViewMiddleware().process_view(req, post_form_view, (), {})
+        self.assertContains(response, malformed_referer_msg, status_code=403)
 
     @override_settings(ALLOWED_HOSTS=['www.example.com'])
     def test_https_good_referer(self):
@@ -365,6 +388,62 @@ class CsrfViewMiddlewareTest(SimpleTestCase):
         req2 = CsrfViewMiddleware().process_view(req, post_form_view, (), {})
         self.assertIsNone(req2)
 
+    @override_settings(ALLOWED_HOSTS=['www.example.com'], CSRF_TRUSTED_ORIGINS=['.example.com'])
+    def test_https_csrf_wildcard_trusted_origin_allowed(self):
+        """
+        A POST HTTPS request with a referer that matches a CSRF_TRUSTED_ORIGINS
+        wilcard is accepted.
+        """
+        req = self._get_POST_request_with_token()
+        req._is_secure_override = True
+        req.META['HTTP_HOST'] = 'www.example.com'
+        req.META['HTTP_REFERER'] = 'https://dashboard.example.com'
+        response = CsrfViewMiddleware().process_view(req, post_form_view, (), {})
+        self.assertIsNone(response)
+
+    @override_settings(ALLOWED_HOSTS=['www.example.com'], CSRF_COOKIE_DOMAIN='.example.com')
+    def test_https_good_referer_matches_cookie_domain(self):
+        """
+        A POST HTTPS request with a good referer should be accepted from a
+        subdomain that's allowed by CSRF_COOKIE_DOMAIN.
+        """
+        req = self._get_POST_request_with_token()
+        req._is_secure_override = True
+        req.META['HTTP_REFERER'] = 'https://foo.example.com/'
+        req.META['SERVER_PORT'] = '443'
+        response = CsrfViewMiddleware().process_view(req, post_form_view, (), {})
+        self.assertIsNone(response)
+
+    @override_settings(ALLOWED_HOSTS=['www.example.com'], CSRF_COOKIE_DOMAIN='.example.com')
+    def test_https_good_referer_matches_cookie_domain_with_different_port(self):
+        """
+        A POST HTTPS request with a good referer should be accepted from a
+        subdomain that's allowed by CSRF_COOKIE_DOMAIN and a non-443 port.
+        """
+        req = self._get_POST_request_with_token()
+        req._is_secure_override = True
+        req.META['HTTP_HOST'] = 'www.example.com'
+        req.META['HTTP_REFERER'] = 'https://foo.example.com:4443/'
+        req.META['SERVER_PORT'] = '4443'
+        response = CsrfViewMiddleware().process_view(req, post_form_view, (), {})
+        self.assertIsNone(response)
+
+    @override_settings(CSRF_COOKIE_DOMAIN='.example.com', DEBUG=True)
+    def test_https_reject_insecure_referer(self):
+        """
+        A POST HTTPS request from an insecure referer should be rejected.
+        """
+        req = self._get_POST_request_with_token()
+        req._is_secure_override = True
+        req.META['HTTP_REFERER'] = 'http://example.com/'
+        req.META['SERVER_PORT'] = '443'
+        response = CsrfViewMiddleware().process_view(req, post_form_view, (), {})
+        self.assertContains(
+            response,
+            'Referer checking failed - Referer is insecure while host is secure.',
+            status_code=403,
+        )
+
     def test_ensures_csrf_cookie_no_middleware(self):
         """
         The ensure_csrf_cookie() decorator works without middleware.

tests/utils_tests/test_http.py

@@ -10,31 +10,6 @@ from django.utils.datastructures import MultiValueDict
 
 class TestUtilsHttp(unittest.TestCase):
 
-    def test_same_origin_true(self):
-        # Identical
-        self.assertTrue(http.same_origin('http://foo.com/', 'http://foo.com/'))
-        # One with trailing slash - see #15617
-        self.assertTrue(http.same_origin('http://foo.com', 'http://foo.com/'))
-        self.assertTrue(http.same_origin('http://foo.com/', 'http://foo.com'))
-        # With port
-        self.assertTrue(http.same_origin('https://foo.com:8000', 'https://foo.com:8000/'))
-        # No port given but according to RFC6454 still the same origin
-        self.assertTrue(http.same_origin('http://foo.com', 'http://foo.com:80/'))
-        self.assertTrue(http.same_origin('https://foo.com', 'https://foo.com:443/'))
-
-    def test_same_origin_false(self):
-        # Different scheme
-        self.assertFalse(http.same_origin('http://foo.com', 'https://foo.com'))
-        # Different host
-        self.assertFalse(http.same_origin('http://foo.com', 'http://goo.com'))
-        # Different host again
-        self.assertFalse(http.same_origin('http://foo.com', 'http://foo.com.evil.com'))
-        # Different port
-        self.assertFalse(http.same_origin('http://foo.com:8000', 'http://foo.com:8001'))
-        # No port given
-        self.assertFalse(http.same_origin('http://foo.com', 'http://foo.com:8000/'))
-        self.assertFalse(http.same_origin('https://foo.com', 'https://foo.com:8000/'))
-
     def test_urlencode(self):
         # 2-tuples (the norm)
         result = http.urlencode((('a', 1), ('b', 2), ('c', 3)))
@@ -157,6 +132,25 @@ class TestUtilsHttp(unittest.TestCase):
             http.urlunquote_plus('Paris+&+Orl%C3%A9ans'),
             'Paris & Orl\xe9ans')
 
+    def test_is_same_domain_good(self):
+        for pair in (
+            ('example.com', 'example.com'),
+            ('example.com', '.example.com'),
+            ('foo.example.com', '.example.com'),
+            ('example.com:8888', 'example.com:8888'),
+            ('example.com:8888', '.example.com:8888'),
+            ('foo.example.com:8888', '.example.com:8888'),
+        ):
+            self.assertTrue(http.is_same_domain(*pair))
+
+    def test_is_same_domain_bad(self):
+        for pair in (
+            ('example2.com', 'example.com'),
+            ('foo.example.com', 'example.com'),
+            ('example.com:9999', 'example.com:8888'),
+        ):
+            self.assertFalse(http.is_same_domain(*pair))
+
 
 class ETagProcessingTests(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_parsing(self):