diff --git a/django/apps/config.py b/django/apps/config.py
index edb1146afc..024643a645 100644
--- a/django/apps/config.py
+++ b/django/apps/config.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ from django.utils.module_loading import module_has_submodule
 MODELS_MODULE_NAME = 'models'
 
 
-class AppConfig(object):
+class AppConfig:
     """
     Class representing a Django application and its configuration.
     """
diff --git a/django/apps/registry.py b/django/apps/registry.py
index c67c5ee0ba..870c454067 100644
--- a/django/apps/registry.py
+++ b/django/apps/registry.py
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ from django.core.exceptions import AppRegistryNotReady, ImproperlyConfigured
 from .config import AppConfig
 
 
-class Apps(object):
+class Apps:
     """
     A registry that stores the configuration of installed applications.
 
diff --git a/django/conf/__init__.py b/django/conf/__init__.py
index f99236a778..ec6efa8e96 100644
--- a/django/conf/__init__.py
+++ b/django/conf/__init__.py
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ class LazySettings(LazyObject):
         return self._wrapped is not empty
 
 
-class Settings(object):
+class Settings:
     def __init__(self, settings_module):
         # update this dict from global settings (but only for ALL_CAPS settings)
         for setting in dir(global_settings):
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ class Settings(object):
         }
 
 
-class UserSettingsHolder(object):
+class UserSettingsHolder:
     """
     Holder for user configured settings.
     """
diff --git a/django/contrib/admin/checks.py b/django/contrib/admin/checks.py
index 33c60a3ab8..354d0a3a9c 100644
--- a/django/contrib/admin/checks.py
+++ b/django/contrib/admin/checks.py
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ def check_dependencies(**kwargs):
     return errors
 
 
-class BaseModelAdminChecks(object):
+class BaseModelAdminChecks:
 
     def check(self, admin_obj, **kwargs):
         errors = []
diff --git a/django/contrib/admin/filters.py b/django/contrib/admin/filters.py
index 87839c3130..923caa33e9 100644
--- a/django/contrib/admin/filters.py
+++ b/django/contrib/admin/filters.py
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ from django.utils.encoding import force_text
 from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
 
 
-class ListFilter(object):
+class ListFilter:
     title = None  # Human-readable title to appear in the right sidebar.
     template = 'admin/filter.html'
 
diff --git a/django/contrib/admin/helpers.py b/django/contrib/admin/helpers.py
index 628788b3fa..17aac7a85b 100644
--- a/django/contrib/admin/helpers.py
+++ b/django/contrib/admin/helpers.py
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ class ActionForm(forms.Form):
 checkbox = forms.CheckboxInput({'class': 'action-select'}, lambda value: False)
 
 
-class AdminForm(object):
+class AdminForm:
     def __init__(self, form, fieldsets, prepopulated_fields, readonly_fields=None, model_admin=None):
         self.form, self.fieldsets = form, fieldsets
         self.prepopulated_fields = [{
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ class AdminForm(object):
         return media
 
 
-class Fieldset(object):
+class Fieldset:
     def __init__(self, form, name=None, readonly_fields=(), fields=(), classes=(),
                  description=None, model_admin=None):
         self.form = form
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ class Fieldset(object):
             yield Fieldline(self.form, field, self.readonly_fields, model_admin=self.model_admin)
 
 
-class Fieldline(object):
+class Fieldline:
     def __init__(self, form, field, readonly_fields=None, model_admin=None):
         self.form = form  # A django.forms.Form instance
         if not hasattr(field, "__iter__") or isinstance(field, str):
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ class Fieldline(object):
         )
 
 
-class AdminField(object):
+class AdminField:
     def __init__(self, form, field, is_first):
         self.field = form[field]  # A django.forms.BoundField instance
         self.is_first = is_first  # Whether this field is first on the line
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ class AdminField(object):
         return mark_safe(self.field.errors.as_ul())
 
 
-class AdminReadonlyField(object):
+class AdminReadonlyField:
     def __init__(self, form, field, is_first, model_admin=None):
         # Make self.field look a little bit like a field. This means that
         # {{ field.name }} must be a useful class name to identify the field.
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ class AdminReadonlyField(object):
         return conditional_escape(result_repr)
 
 
-class InlineAdminFormSet(object):
+class InlineAdminFormSet:
     """
     A wrapper around an inline formset for use in the admin system.
     """
diff --git a/django/contrib/admin/sites.py b/django/contrib/admin/sites.py
index 14b0da7df4..6adf13fdb8 100644
--- a/django/contrib/admin/sites.py
+++ b/django/contrib/admin/sites.py
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ class NotRegistered(Exception):
     pass
 
 
-class AdminSite(object):
+class AdminSite:
     """
     An AdminSite object encapsulates an instance of the Django admin application, ready
     to be hooked in to your URLconf. Models are registered with the AdminSite using the
diff --git a/django/contrib/admin/views/main.py b/django/contrib/admin/views/main.py
index 81facb9b82..20bce0c8d6 100644
--- a/django/contrib/admin/views/main.py
+++ b/django/contrib/admin/views/main.py
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ IGNORED_PARAMS = (
     ALL_VAR, ORDER_VAR, ORDER_TYPE_VAR, SEARCH_VAR, IS_POPUP_VAR, TO_FIELD_VAR)
 
 
-class ChangeList(object):
+class ChangeList:
     def __init__(self, request, model, list_display, list_display_links,
                  list_filter, date_hierarchy, search_fields, list_select_related,
                  list_per_page, list_max_show_all, list_editable, model_admin):
diff --git a/django/contrib/auth/backends.py b/django/contrib/auth/backends.py
index 08a20c61ff..e0fbd21b38 100644
--- a/django/contrib/auth/backends.py
+++ b/django/contrib/auth/backends.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ from django.contrib.auth.models import Permission
 UserModel = get_user_model()
 
 
-class ModelBackend(object):
+class ModelBackend:
     """
     Authenticates against settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL.
     """
diff --git a/django/contrib/auth/context_processors.py b/django/contrib/auth/context_processors.py
index ce1e42d574..f865fc1b7d 100644
--- a/django/contrib/auth/context_processors.py
+++ b/django/contrib/auth/context_processors.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 # the template system can understand.
 
 
-class PermLookupDict(object):
+class PermLookupDict:
     def __init__(self, user, app_label):
         self.user, self.app_label = user, app_label
 
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ class PermLookupDict(object):
         return type(self).__bool__(self)
 
 
-class PermWrapper(object):
+class PermWrapper:
     def __init__(self, user):
         self.user = user
 
diff --git a/django/contrib/auth/hashers.py b/django/contrib/auth/hashers.py
index 871519257a..0446cf501f 100644
--- a/django/contrib/auth/hashers.py
+++ b/django/contrib/auth/hashers.py
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ def mask_hash(hash, show=6, char="*"):
     return masked
 
 
-class BasePasswordHasher(object):
+class BasePasswordHasher:
     """
     Abstract base class for password hashers
 
diff --git a/django/contrib/auth/mixins.py b/django/contrib/auth/mixins.py
index c52b573658..e52311670f 100644
--- a/django/contrib/auth/mixins.py
+++ b/django/contrib/auth/mixins.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ from django.core.exceptions import ImproperlyConfigured, PermissionDenied
 from django.utils.encoding import force_text
 
 
-class AccessMixin(object):
+class AccessMixin:
     """
     Abstract CBV mixin that gives access mixins the same customizable
     functionality.
diff --git a/django/contrib/auth/models.py b/django/contrib/auth/models.py
index 9eaf7a6e34..bd185b58be 100644
--- a/django/contrib/auth/models.py
+++ b/django/contrib/auth/models.py
@@ -372,7 +372,7 @@ class User(AbstractUser):
         swappable = 'AUTH_USER_MODEL'
 
 
-class AnonymousUser(object):
+class AnonymousUser:
     id = None
     pk = None
     username = ''
diff --git a/django/contrib/auth/password_validation.py b/django/contrib/auth/password_validation.py
index dee1ebf674..a7319dbd52 100644
--- a/django/contrib/auth/password_validation.py
+++ b/django/contrib/auth/password_validation.py
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ def _password_validators_help_text_html(password_validators=None):
 password_validators_help_text_html = lazy(_password_validators_help_text_html, str)
 
 
-class MinimumLengthValidator(object):
+class MinimumLengthValidator:
     """
     Validate whether the password is of a minimum length.
     """
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ class MinimumLengthValidator(object):
         ) % {'min_length': self.min_length}
 
 
-class UserAttributeSimilarityValidator(object):
+class UserAttributeSimilarityValidator:
     """
     Validate whether the password is sufficiently different from the user's
     attributes.
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ class UserAttributeSimilarityValidator(object):
         return _("Your password can't be too similar to your other personal information.")
 
 
-class CommonPasswordValidator(object):
+class CommonPasswordValidator:
     """
     Validate whether the password is a common password.
 
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ class CommonPasswordValidator(object):
         return _("Your password can't be a commonly used password.")
 
 
-class NumericPasswordValidator(object):
+class NumericPasswordValidator:
     """
     Validate whether the password is alphanumeric.
     """
diff --git a/django/contrib/auth/tokens.py b/django/contrib/auth/tokens.py
index 18ff42f192..f508327d94 100644
--- a/django/contrib/auth/tokens.py
+++ b/django/contrib/auth/tokens.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ from django.utils.crypto import constant_time_compare, salted_hmac
 from django.utils.http import base36_to_int, int_to_base36
 
 
-class PasswordResetTokenGenerator(object):
+class PasswordResetTokenGenerator:
     """
     Strategy object used to generate and check tokens for the password
     reset mechanism.
diff --git a/django/contrib/auth/views.py b/django/contrib/auth/views.py
index bf95d11a10..cca52a6105 100644
--- a/django/contrib/auth/views.py
+++ b/django/contrib/auth/views.py
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ from django.views.generic.edit import FormView
 UserModel = get_user_model()
 
 
-class SuccessURLAllowedHostsMixin(object):
+class SuccessURLAllowedHostsMixin:
     success_url_allowed_hosts = set()
 
     def get_success_url_allowed_hosts(self):
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@ def password_reset_complete(request,
 #   prompts for a new password
 # - PasswordResetCompleteView shows a success message for the above
 
-class PasswordContextMixin(object):
+class PasswordContextMixin:
     extra_context = None
 
     def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
diff --git a/django/contrib/contenttypes/fields.py b/django/contrib/contenttypes/fields.py
index d2812e5d2a..efffbfd77a 100644
--- a/django/contrib/contenttypes/fields.py
+++ b/django/contrib/contenttypes/fields.py
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ from django.utils.encoding import force_text
 from django.utils.functional import cached_property
 
 
-class GenericForeignKey(object):
+class GenericForeignKey:
     """
     Provide a generic many-to-one relation through the ``content_type`` and
     ``object_id`` fields.
diff --git a/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/base/adapter.py b/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/base/adapter.py
index 9b12c4320c..b9b05c4472 100644
--- a/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/base/adapter.py
+++ b/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/base/adapter.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-class WKTAdapter(object):
+class WKTAdapter:
     """
     This provides an adaptor for Geometries sent to the
     MySQL and Oracle database backends.
diff --git a/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/base/features.py b/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/base/features.py
index 5ca2881330..85faba2d42 100644
--- a/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/base/features.py
+++ b/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/base/features.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import re
 from django.contrib.gis.db.models import aggregates
 
 
-class BaseSpatialFeatures(object):
+class BaseSpatialFeatures:
     gis_enabled = True
 
     # Does the database contain a SpatialRefSys model to store SRID information?
diff --git a/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/base/models.py b/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/base/models.py
index 8388a27f25..89c89a7348 100644
--- a/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/base/models.py
+++ b/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/base/models.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 from django.contrib.gis import gdal
 
 
-class SpatialRefSysMixin(object):
+class SpatialRefSysMixin:
     """
     The SpatialRefSysMixin is a class used by the database-dependent
     SpatialRefSys objects to reduce redundant code.
diff --git a/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/base/operations.py b/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/base/operations.py
index 436a703e3e..23989da9fc 100644
--- a/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/base/operations.py
+++ b/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/base/operations.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-class BaseSpatialOperations(object):
+class BaseSpatialOperations:
     """
     This module holds the base `BaseSpatialBackend` object, which is
     instantiated by each spatial database backend with the features
diff --git a/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/postgis/adapter.py b/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/postgis/adapter.py
index c94268811b..84ec5bfae9 100644
--- a/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/postgis/adapter.py
+++ b/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/postgis/adapter.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ from django.contrib.gis.db.backends.postgis.pgraster import to_pgraster
 from django.contrib.gis.geometry.backend import Geometry
 
 
-class PostGISAdapter(object):
+class PostGISAdapter:
     def __init__(self, obj, geography=False):
         """
         Initialize on the spatial object.
diff --git a/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/utils.py b/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/utils.py
index 9c3b700852..d479009d4e 100644
--- a/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/utils.py
+++ b/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/utils.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ backends.
 """
 
 
-class SpatialOperator(object):
+class SpatialOperator:
     """
     Class encapsulating the behavior specific to a GIS operation (used by lookups).
     """
diff --git a/django/contrib/gis/db/models/fields.py b/django/contrib/gis/db/models/fields.py
index 6435dc4077..101975ed87 100644
--- a/django/contrib/gis/db/models/fields.py
+++ b/django/contrib/gis/db/models/fields.py
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ def get_srid_info(srid, connection):
     return _srid_cache[alias][srid]
 
 
-class GeoSelectFormatMixin(object):
+class GeoSelectFormatMixin:
     def select_format(self, compiler, sql, params):
         """
         Returns the selection format string, depending on the requirements
diff --git a/django/contrib/gis/db/models/functions.py b/django/contrib/gis/db/models/functions.py
index 77628afa34..0a5c14f7a7 100644
--- a/django/contrib/gis/db/models/functions.py
+++ b/django/contrib/gis/db/models/functions.py
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ class GeoFuncWithGeoParam(GeoFunc):
         super(GeoFuncWithGeoParam, self).__init__(expression, GeomValue(geom), *expressions, **extra)
 
 
-class SQLiteDecimalToFloatMixin(object):
+class SQLiteDecimalToFloatMixin:
     """
     By default, Decimal values are converted to str by the SQLite backend, which
     is not acceptable by the GIS functions expecting numeric values.
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ class SQLiteDecimalToFloatMixin(object):
         return super(SQLiteDecimalToFloatMixin, self).as_sql(compiler, connection)
 
 
-class OracleToleranceMixin(object):
+class OracleToleranceMixin:
     tolerance = 0.05
 
     def as_oracle(self, compiler, connection):
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ class Difference(OracleToleranceMixin, GeoFuncWithGeoParam):
     arity = 2
 
 
-class DistanceResultMixin(object):
+class DistanceResultMixin:
     def source_is_geography(self):
         return self.get_source_fields()[0].geography and self.srid == 4326
 
diff --git a/django/contrib/gis/db/models/sql/conversion.py b/django/contrib/gis/db/models/sql/conversion.py
index 054628d481..ed414ca76e 100644
--- a/django/contrib/gis/db/models/sql/conversion.py
+++ b/django/contrib/gis/db/models/sql/conversion.py
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ from django.contrib.gis.geometry.backend import Geometry
 from django.contrib.gis.measure import Area, Distance
 
 
-class BaseField(object):
+class BaseField:
     empty_strings_allowed = True
 
     def get_db_converters(self, connection):
diff --git a/django/contrib/gis/feeds.py b/django/contrib/gis/feeds.py
index 4240968f19..807a313bf4 100644
--- a/django/contrib/gis/feeds.py
+++ b/django/contrib/gis/feeds.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ from django.contrib.syndication.views import Feed as BaseFeed
 from django.utils.feedgenerator import Atom1Feed, Rss201rev2Feed
 
 
-class GeoFeedMixin(object):
+class GeoFeedMixin:
     """
     This mixin provides the necessary routines for SyndicationFeed subclasses
     to produce simple GeoRSS or W3C Geo elements.
diff --git a/django/contrib/gis/gdal/envelope.py b/django/contrib/gis/gdal/envelope.py
index 64cac5baa0..e7c7e3dde1 100644
--- a/django/contrib/gis/gdal/envelope.py
+++ b/django/contrib/gis/gdal/envelope.py
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ class OGREnvelope(Structure):
                 ]
 
 
-class Envelope(object):
+class Envelope:
     """
     The Envelope object is a C structure that contains the minimum and
     maximum X, Y coordinates for a rectangle bounding box.  The naming
diff --git a/django/contrib/gis/gdal/geomtype.py b/django/contrib/gis/gdal/geomtype.py
index 37539c8544..e727d495fb 100644
--- a/django/contrib/gis/gdal/geomtype.py
+++ b/django/contrib/gis/gdal/geomtype.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 from django.contrib.gis.gdal.error import GDALException
 
 
-class OGRGeomType(object):
+class OGRGeomType:
     "Encapsulates OGR Geometry Types."
 
     wkb25bit = -2147483648
diff --git a/django/contrib/gis/geoip2/base.py b/django/contrib/gis/geoip2/base.py
index 1d1e2e00dc..5f8abfc008 100644
--- a/django/contrib/gis/geoip2/base.py
+++ b/django/contrib/gis/geoip2/base.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class GeoIP2Exception(Exception):
     pass
 
 
-class GeoIP2(object):
+class GeoIP2:
     # The flags for GeoIP memory caching.
     # Try MODE_MMAP_EXT, MODE_MMAP, MODE_FILE in that order.
     MODE_AUTO = 0
diff --git a/django/contrib/gis/geos/geometry.py b/django/contrib/gis/geos/geometry.py
index e015fdc3d5..2ff4037764 100644
--- a/django/contrib/gis/geos/geometry.py
+++ b/django/contrib/gis/geos/geometry.py
@@ -656,7 +656,7 @@ class GEOSGeometry(GEOSBase, ListMixin):
         return GEOSGeometry(capi.geom_clone(self.ptr), srid=self.srid)
 
 
-class LinearGeometryMixin(object):
+class LinearGeometryMixin:
     """
     Used for LineString and MultiLineString.
     """
diff --git a/django/contrib/gis/geos/libgeos.py b/django/contrib/gis/geos/libgeos.py
index 48532d5c53..faf29de0c1 100644
--- a/django/contrib/gis/geos/libgeos.py
+++ b/django/contrib/gis/geos/libgeos.py
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ def get_pointer_arr(n):
 lgeos = SimpleLazyObject(load_geos)
 
 
-class GEOSFuncFactory(object):
+class GEOSFuncFactory:
     """
     Lazy loading of GEOS functions.
     """
diff --git a/django/contrib/gis/geos/mutable_list.py b/django/contrib/gis/geos/mutable_list.py
index 082f3b161a..d6e36db31a 100644
--- a/django/contrib/gis/geos/mutable_list.py
+++ b/django/contrib/gis/geos/mutable_list.py
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ from functools import total_ordering
 
 
 @total_ordering
-class ListMixin(object):
+class ListMixin:
     """
     A base class which provides complete list interface.
     Derived classes must call ListMixin's __init__() function
diff --git a/django/contrib/gis/geos/prototypes/threadsafe.py b/django/contrib/gis/geos/prototypes/threadsafe.py
index a293671b5f..606b8f5aec 100644
--- a/django/contrib/gis/geos/prototypes/threadsafe.py
+++ b/django/contrib/gis/geos/prototypes/threadsafe.py
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class GEOSContext(threading.local):
 thread_context = GEOSContext()
 
 
-class GEOSFunc(object):
+class GEOSFunc:
     """
     Class that serves as a wrapper for GEOS C Functions, and will
     use thread-safe function variants when available.
diff --git a/django/contrib/gis/measure.py b/django/contrib/gis/measure.py
index a9b9e8a75f..bc426b597b 100644
--- a/django/contrib/gis/measure.py
+++ b/django/contrib/gis/measure.py
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ def pretty_name(obj):
 
 
 @total_ordering
-class MeasureBase(object):
+class MeasureBase:
     STANDARD_UNIT = None
     ALIAS = {}
     UNITS = {}
diff --git a/django/contrib/gis/ptr.py b/django/contrib/gis/ptr.py
index 7d6a21a12f..afc83fdd22 100644
--- a/django/contrib/gis/ptr.py
+++ b/django/contrib/gis/ptr.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 from ctypes import c_void_p
 
 
-class CPointerBase(object):
+class CPointerBase:
     """
     Base class for objects that have a pointer access property
     that controls access to the underlying C pointer.
diff --git a/django/contrib/gis/serializers/geojson.py b/django/contrib/gis/serializers/geojson.py
index 1b50ee30d8..3a4c0c87bf 100644
--- a/django/contrib/gis/serializers/geojson.py
+++ b/django/contrib/gis/serializers/geojson.py
@@ -65,6 +65,6 @@ class Serializer(JSONSerializer):
             super(Serializer, self).handle_field(obj, field)
 
 
-class Deserializer(object):
+class Deserializer:
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         raise SerializerDoesNotExist("geojson is a serialization-only serializer")
diff --git a/django/contrib/gis/utils/layermapping.py b/django/contrib/gis/utils/layermapping.py
index a10e9bbeb8..9093ae84d6 100644
--- a/django/contrib/gis/utils/layermapping.py
+++ b/django/contrib/gis/utils/layermapping.py
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ class MissingForeignKey(LayerMapError):
     pass
 
 
-class LayerMapping(object):
+class LayerMapping:
     "A class that maps OGR Layers to GeoDjango Models."
 
     # Acceptable 'base' types for a multi-geometry type.
diff --git a/django/contrib/messages/storage/base.py b/django/contrib/messages/storage/base.py
index 66cd41684b..28c81599a7 100644
--- a/django/contrib/messages/storage/base.py
+++ b/django/contrib/messages/storage/base.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ from django.utils.encoding import force_text
 LEVEL_TAGS = utils.get_level_tags()
 
 
-class Message(object):
+class Message:
     """
     Represents an actual message that can be stored in any of the supported
     storage classes (typically session- or cookie-based) and rendered in a view
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ class Message(object):
         return force_text(LEVEL_TAGS.get(self.level, ''), strings_only=True)
 
 
-class BaseStorage(object):
+class BaseStorage:
     """
     This is the base backend for temporary message storage.
 
diff --git a/django/contrib/messages/views.py b/django/contrib/messages/views.py
index 3c2ca355ba..adb3f194b9 100644
--- a/django/contrib/messages/views.py
+++ b/django/contrib/messages/views.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 from django.contrib import messages
 
 
-class SuccessMessageMixin(object):
+class SuccessMessageMixin:
     """
     Adds a success message on successful form submission.
     """
diff --git a/django/contrib/postgres/fields/array.py b/django/contrib/postgres/fields/array.py
index dc5b9b8d6b..ce4c7b8c3d 100644
--- a/django/contrib/postgres/fields/array.py
+++ b/django/contrib/postgres/fields/array.py
@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ class IndexTransform(Transform):
         return self.base_field
 
 
-class IndexTransformFactory(object):
+class IndexTransformFactory:
 
     def __init__(self, index, base_field):
         self.index = index
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ class SliceTransform(Transform):
         return '%s[%s:%s]' % (lhs, self.start, self.end), params
 
 
-class SliceTransformFactory(object):
+class SliceTransformFactory:
 
     def __init__(self, start, end):
         self.start = start
diff --git a/django/contrib/postgres/fields/hstore.py b/django/contrib/postgres/fields/hstore.py
index fcd212bc4a..5e2e6c3155 100644
--- a/django/contrib/postgres/fields/hstore.py
+++ b/django/contrib/postgres/fields/hstore.py
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ class KeyTransform(Transform):
         return "(%s -> '%s')" % (lhs, self.key_name), params
 
 
-class KeyTransformFactory(object):
+class KeyTransformFactory:
 
     def __init__(self, key_name):
         self.key_name = key_name
diff --git a/django/contrib/postgres/fields/jsonb.py b/django/contrib/postgres/fields/jsonb.py
index 0722a05a69..43997050fe 100644
--- a/django/contrib/postgres/fields/jsonb.py
+++ b/django/contrib/postgres/fields/jsonb.py
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ class KeyTextTransform(KeyTransform):
     _output_field = TextField()
 
 
-class KeyTransformTextLookupMixin(object):
+class KeyTransformTextLookupMixin:
     """
     Mixin for combining with a lookup expecting a text lhs from a JSONField
     key lookup. Make use of the ->> operator instead of casting key values to
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ KeyTransform.register_lookup(KeyTransformRegex)
 KeyTransform.register_lookup(KeyTransformIRegex)
 
 
-class KeyTransformFactory(object):
+class KeyTransformFactory:
 
     def __init__(self, key_name):
         self.key_name = key_name
diff --git a/django/contrib/postgres/fields/utils.py b/django/contrib/postgres/fields/utils.py
index 424a78f521..82da93e892 100644
--- a/django/contrib/postgres/fields/utils.py
+++ b/django/contrib/postgres/fields/utils.py
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
-class AttributeSetter(object):
+class AttributeSetter:
     def __init__(self, name, value):
         setattr(self, name, value)
diff --git a/django/contrib/postgres/search.py b/django/contrib/postgres/search.py
index fb2f41b524..bc9bb1052b 100644
--- a/django/contrib/postgres/search.py
+++ b/django/contrib/postgres/search.py
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ class SearchQueryField(Field):
         return 'tsquery'
 
 
-class SearchVectorCombinable(object):
+class SearchVectorCombinable:
     ADD = '||'
 
     def _combine(self, other, connector, reversed, node=None):
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ class CombinedSearchVector(SearchVectorCombinable, CombinedExpression):
         super(CombinedSearchVector, self).__init__(lhs, connector, rhs, output_field)
 
 
-class SearchQueryCombinable(object):
+class SearchQueryCombinable:
     BITAND = '&&'
     BITOR = '||'
 
diff --git a/django/contrib/postgres/validators.py b/django/contrib/postgres/validators.py
index 756ae73440..a1aef12015 100644
--- a/django/contrib/postgres/validators.py
+++ b/django/contrib/postgres/validators.py
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ class ArrayMinLengthValidator(MinLengthValidator):
 
 
 @deconstructible
-class KeysValidator(object):
+class KeysValidator:
     """A validator designed for HStore to require/restrict keys."""
 
     messages = {
diff --git a/django/contrib/sessions/backends/base.py b/django/contrib/sessions/backends/base.py
index 615eea45d2..009efe94e1 100644
--- a/django/contrib/sessions/backends/base.py
+++ b/django/contrib/sessions/backends/base.py
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ class UpdateError(Exception):
     pass
 
 
-class SessionBase(object):
+class SessionBase:
     """
     Base class for all Session classes.
     """
diff --git a/django/contrib/sessions/serializers.py b/django/contrib/sessions/serializers.py
index 1badd17f46..1df6d9c49e 100644
--- a/django/contrib/sessions/serializers.py
+++ b/django/contrib/sessions/serializers.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import pickle
 from django.core.signing import JSONSerializer as BaseJSONSerializer
 
 
-class PickleSerializer(object):
+class PickleSerializer:
     """
     Simple wrapper around pickle to be used in signing.dumps and
     signing.loads.
diff --git a/django/contrib/sitemaps/__init__.py b/django/contrib/sitemaps/__init__.py
index 6e30a30f09..71d36e6a3c 100644
--- a/django/contrib/sitemaps/__init__.py
+++ b/django/contrib/sitemaps/__init__.py
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ def _get_sitemap_full_url(sitemap_url):
     return 'http://%s%s' % (current_site.domain, sitemap_url)
 
 
-class Sitemap(object):
+class Sitemap:
     # This limit is defined by Google. See the index documentation at
     # http://www.sitemaps.org/protocol.html#index.
     limit = 50000
diff --git a/django/contrib/sites/requests.py b/django/contrib/sites/requests.py
index c5513d8358..cdf57321da 100644
--- a/django/contrib/sites/requests.py
+++ b/django/contrib/sites/requests.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-class RequestSite(object):
+class RequestSite:
     """
     A class that shares the primary interface of Site (i.e., it has
     ``domain`` and ``name`` attributes) but gets its data from a Django
diff --git a/django/contrib/staticfiles/finders.py b/django/contrib/staticfiles/finders.py
index 96dd705050..08b25181bc 100644
--- a/django/contrib/staticfiles/finders.py
+++ b/django/contrib/staticfiles/finders.py
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ from django.utils.module_loading import import_string
 searched_locations = []
 
 
-class BaseFinder(object):
+class BaseFinder:
     """
     A base file finder to be used for custom staticfiles finder classes.
     """
diff --git a/django/contrib/staticfiles/storage.py b/django/contrib/staticfiles/storage.py
index fe4a7c39f7..46b751b094 100644
--- a/django/contrib/staticfiles/storage.py
+++ b/django/contrib/staticfiles/storage.py
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ class StaticFilesStorage(FileSystemStorage):
         return super(StaticFilesStorage, self).path(name)
 
 
-class HashedFilesMixin(object):
+class HashedFilesMixin:
     default_template = """url("%s")"""
     max_post_process_passes = 5
     patterns = (
@@ -434,7 +434,7 @@ class ManifestFilesMixin(HashedFilesMixin):
         return urlunsplit(unparsed_name)
 
 
-class _MappingCache(object):
+class _MappingCache:
     """
     A small dict-like wrapper for a given cache backend instance.
     """
diff --git a/django/contrib/syndication/views.py b/django/contrib/syndication/views.py
index 2cfe930338..8104d6104b 100644
--- a/django/contrib/syndication/views.py
+++ b/django/contrib/syndication/views.py
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ class FeedDoesNotExist(ObjectDoesNotExist):
     pass
 
 
-class Feed(object):
+class Feed:
     feed_type = feedgenerator.DefaultFeed
     title_template = None
     description_template = None
diff --git a/django/core/cache/__init__.py b/django/core/cache/__init__.py
index 2b253b1077..d51c1cb38e 100644
--- a/django/core/cache/__init__.py
+++ b/django/core/cache/__init__.py
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ def _create_cache(backend, **kwargs):
     return backend_cls(location, params)
 
 
-class CacheHandler(object):
+class CacheHandler:
     """
     A Cache Handler to manage access to Cache instances.
 
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ class CacheHandler(object):
 caches = CacheHandler()
 
 
-class DefaultCacheProxy(object):
+class DefaultCacheProxy:
     """
     Proxy access to the default Cache object's attributes.
 
diff --git a/django/core/cache/backends/base.py b/django/core/cache/backends/base.py
index 856316b400..2d5b0634a1 100644
--- a/django/core/cache/backends/base.py
+++ b/django/core/cache/backends/base.py
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ def get_key_func(key_func):
     return default_key_func
 
 
-class BaseCache(object):
+class BaseCache:
     def __init__(self, params):
         timeout = params.get('timeout', params.get('TIMEOUT', 300))
         if timeout is not None:
diff --git a/django/core/cache/backends/db.py b/django/core/cache/backends/db.py
index 97f307e24d..50d897b621 100644
--- a/django/core/cache/backends/db.py
+++ b/django/core/cache/backends/db.py
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ from django.utils import timezone
 from django.utils.encoding import force_bytes
 
 
-class Options(object):
+class Options:
     """A class that will quack like a Django model _meta class.
 
     This allows cache operations to be controlled by the router
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ class BaseDatabaseCache(BaseCache):
         BaseCache.__init__(self, params)
         self._table = table
 
-        class CacheEntry(object):
+        class CacheEntry:
             _meta = Options(table)
         self.cache_model_class = CacheEntry
 
diff --git a/django/core/checks/messages.py b/django/core/checks/messages.py
index 5bb292503f..0c44d35095 100644
--- a/django/core/checks/messages.py
+++ b/django/core/checks/messages.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ERROR = 40
 CRITICAL = 50
 
 
-class CheckMessage(object):
+class CheckMessage:
 
     def __init__(self, level, msg, hint=None, obj=None, id=None):
         assert isinstance(level, int), "The first argument should be level."
diff --git a/django/core/checks/registry.py b/django/core/checks/registry.py
index 4a2b358dc8..581783ad0b 100644
--- a/django/core/checks/registry.py
+++ b/django/core/checks/registry.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ from itertools import chain
 from django.utils.itercompat import is_iterable
 
 
-class Tags(object):
+class Tags:
     """
     Built-in tags for internal checks.
     """
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ class Tags(object):
     urls = 'urls'
 
 
-class CheckRegistry(object):
+class CheckRegistry:
 
     def __init__(self):
         self.registered_checks = []
diff --git a/django/core/files/storage.py b/django/core/files/storage.py
index cf17eea339..6f2d6bfd91 100644
--- a/django/core/files/storage.py
+++ b/django/core/files/storage.py
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ from django.utils.text import get_valid_filename
 __all__ = ('Storage', 'FileSystemStorage', 'DefaultStorage', 'default_storage')
 
 
-class Storage(object):
+class Storage:
     """
     A base storage class, providing some default behaviors that all other
     storage systems can inherit or override, as necessary.
diff --git a/django/core/files/uploadhandler.py b/django/core/files/uploadhandler.py
index 3741f372b2..e8f87845c9 100644
--- a/django/core/files/uploadhandler.py
+++ b/django/core/files/uploadhandler.py
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ class StopFutureHandlers(UploadFileException):
     pass
 
 
-class FileUploadHandler(object):
+class FileUploadHandler:
     """
     Base class for streaming upload handlers.
     """
diff --git a/django/core/files/utils.py b/django/core/files/utils.py
index 8e891bf23f..96bfbe46c2 100644
--- a/django/core/files/utils.py
+++ b/django/core/files/utils.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-class FileProxyMixin(object):
+class FileProxyMixin:
     """
     A mixin class used to forward file methods to an underlaying file
     object.  The internal file object has to be called "file"::
diff --git a/django/core/handlers/base.py b/django/core/handlers/base.py
index c45023d129..9b79439569 100644
--- a/django/core/handlers/base.py
+++ b/django/core/handlers/base.py
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ from .exception import convert_exception_to_response, get_exception_response
 logger = logging.getLogger('django.request')
 
 
-class BaseHandler(object):
+class BaseHandler:
 
     def __init__(self):
         self._request_middleware = None
diff --git a/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py b/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py
index f4d3e6553a..69b5f1c54d 100644
--- a/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py
+++ b/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ ISO_8859_1, UTF_8 = str('iso-8859-1'), str('utf-8')
 _slashes_re = re.compile(br'/+')
 
 
-class LimitedStream(object):
+class LimitedStream:
     '''
     LimitedStream wraps another stream in order to not allow reading from it
     past specified amount of bytes.
diff --git a/django/core/mail/backends/base.py b/django/core/mail/backends/base.py
index 4914f479b9..e0d2e3626b 100644
--- a/django/core/mail/backends/base.py
+++ b/django/core/mail/backends/base.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 """Base email backend class."""
 
 
-class BaseEmailBackend(object):
+class BaseEmailBackend:
     """
     Base class for email backend implementations.
 
diff --git a/django/core/mail/message.py b/django/core/mail/message.py
index 117f2dddfc..f8fd6c2d25 100644
--- a/django/core/mail/message.py
+++ b/django/core/mail/message.py
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ class SafeMIMEMultipart(MIMEMixin, MIMEMultipart):
         MIMEMultipart.__setitem__(self, name, val)
 
 
-class EmailMessage(object):
+class EmailMessage:
     """
     A container for email information.
     """
diff --git a/django/core/mail/utils.py b/django/core/mail/utils.py
index 9295759fad..d18dfe4667 100644
--- a/django/core/mail/utils.py
+++ b/django/core/mail/utils.py
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import socket
 
 # Cache the hostname, but do it lazily: socket.getfqdn() can take a couple of
 # seconds, which slows down the restart of the server.
-class CachedDnsName(object):
+class CachedDnsName:
     def __str__(self):
         return self.get_fqdn()
 
diff --git a/django/core/management/__init__.py b/django/core/management/__init__.py
index 0200f77e7d..1b59dac686 100644
--- a/django/core/management/__init__.py
+++ b/django/core/management/__init__.py
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ def call_command(command_name, *args, **options):
     return command.execute(*args, **defaults)
 
 
-class ManagementUtility(object):
+class ManagementUtility:
     """
     Encapsulates the logic of the django-admin and manage.py utilities.
 
diff --git a/django/core/management/base.py b/django/core/management/base.py
index 192d529ef0..ae8c6731c9 100644
--- a/django/core/management/base.py
+++ b/django/core/management/base.py
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ def handle_default_options(options):
         sys.path.insert(0, options.pythonpath)
 
 
-class OutputWrapper(object):
+class OutputWrapper:
     """
     Wrapper around stdout/stderr
     """
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ class OutputWrapper(object):
         self._out.write(force_str(style_func(msg)))
 
 
-class BaseCommand(object):
+class BaseCommand:
     """
     The base class from which all management commands ultimately
     derive.
diff --git a/django/core/management/color.py b/django/core/management/color.py
index 76985420cb..4519d29025 100644
--- a/django/core/management/color.py
+++ b/django/core/management/color.py
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ def supports_color():
     return True
 
 
-class Style(object):
+class Style:
     pass
 
 
diff --git a/django/core/management/commands/makemessages.py b/django/core/management/commands/makemessages.py
index dc505173b1..830b6efe05 100644
--- a/django/core/management/commands/makemessages.py
+++ b/django/core/management/commands/makemessages.py
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ def check_programs(*programs):
 
 
 @total_ordering
-class TranslatableFile(object):
+class TranslatableFile:
     def __init__(self, dirpath, file_name, locale_dir):
         self.file = file_name
         self.dirpath = dirpath
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ class TranslatableFile(object):
         return os.path.join(self.dirpath, self.file)
 
 
-class BuildFile(object):
+class BuildFile:
     """
     Represents the state of a translatable file during the build process.
     """
diff --git a/django/core/paginator.py b/django/core/paginator.py
index 82aad33a15..abc29b3603 100644
--- a/django/core/paginator.py
+++ b/django/core/paginator.py
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ class EmptyPage(InvalidPage):
     pass
 
 
-class Paginator(object):
+class Paginator:
 
     def __init__(self, object_list, per_page, orphans=0,
                  allow_empty_first_page=True):
diff --git a/django/core/serializers/__init__.py b/django/core/serializers/__init__.py
index 57d149cf0c..3d0ed9a13f 100644
--- a/django/core/serializers/__init__.py
+++ b/django/core/serializers/__init__.py
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ BUILTIN_SERIALIZERS = {
 _serializers = {}
 
 
-class BadSerializer(object):
+class BadSerializer:
     """
     Stub serializer to hold exception raised during registration
 
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ def register_serializer(format, serializer_module, serializers=None):
     except ImportError as exc:
         bad_serializer = BadSerializer(exc)
 
-        module = type('BadSerializerModule', (object,), {
+        module = type('BadSerializerModule', (), {
             'Deserializer': bad_serializer,
             'Serializer': bad_serializer,
         })
diff --git a/django/core/serializers/base.py b/django/core/serializers/base.py
index bd35c0b797..d1a5344064 100644
--- a/django/core/serializers/base.py
+++ b/django/core/serializers/base.py
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class DeserializationError(Exception):
         return cls("%s: (%s:pk=%s) field_value was '%s'" % (original_exc, model, fk, field_value))
 
 
-class ProgressBar(object):
+class ProgressBar:
     progress_width = 75
 
     def __init__(self, output, total_count):
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ class ProgressBar(object):
         self.output.flush()
 
 
-class Serializer(object):
+class Serializer:
     """
     Abstract serializer base class.
     """
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ class Deserializer:
         raise NotImplementedError('subclasses of Deserializer must provide a __next__() method')
 
 
-class DeserializedObject(object):
+class DeserializedObject:
     """
     A deserialized model.
 
diff --git a/django/core/servers/basehttp.py b/django/core/servers/basehttp.py
index da55eac58d..0b76b14f04 100644
--- a/django/core/servers/basehttp.py
+++ b/django/core/servers/basehttp.py
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ def is_broken_pipe_error():
     return issubclass(exc_type, socket.error) and exc_value.args[0] == 32
 
 
-class WSGIServer(simple_server.WSGIServer, object):
+class WSGIServer(simple_server.WSGIServer):
     """BaseHTTPServer that implements the Python WSGI protocol"""
 
     request_queue_size = 10
@@ -84,14 +84,14 @@ class WSGIServer(simple_server.WSGIServer, object):
 
 
 # Inheriting from object required on Python 2.
-class ServerHandler(simple_server.ServerHandler, object):
+class ServerHandler(simple_server.ServerHandler):
     def handle_error(self):
         # Ignore broken pipe errors, otherwise pass on
         if not is_broken_pipe_error():
             super(ServerHandler, self).handle_error()
 
 
-class WSGIRequestHandler(simple_server.WSGIRequestHandler, object):
+class WSGIRequestHandler(simple_server.WSGIRequestHandler):
     def address_string(self):
         # Short-circuit parent method to not call socket.getfqdn
         return self.client_address[0]
diff --git a/django/core/signing.py b/django/core/signing.py
index f578da6f99..811d23396f 100644
--- a/django/core/signing.py
+++ b/django/core/signing.py
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ def get_cookie_signer(salt='django.core.signing.get_cookie_signer'):
     return Signer(b'django.http.cookies' + key, salt=salt)
 
 
-class JSONSerializer(object):
+class JSONSerializer:
     """
     Simple wrapper around json to be used in signing.dumps and
     signing.loads.
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ def loads(s, key=None, salt='django.core.signing', serializer=JSONSerializer, ma
     return serializer().loads(data)
 
 
-class Signer(object):
+class Signer:
 
     def __init__(self, key=None, sep=':', salt=None):
         # Use of native strings in all versions of Python
diff --git a/django/core/validators.py b/django/core/validators.py
index 1bb2478129..715d81bdba 100644
--- a/django/core/validators.py
+++ b/django/core/validators.py
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ def _lazy_re_compile(regex, flags=0):
 
 
 @deconstructible
-class RegexValidator(object):
+class RegexValidator:
     regex = ''
     message = _('Enter a valid value.')
     code = 'invalid'
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ def validate_integer(value):
 
 
 @deconstructible
-class EmailValidator(object):
+class EmailValidator:
     message = _('Enter a valid email address.')
     code = 'invalid'
     user_regex = _lazy_re_compile(
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ validate_comma_separated_integer_list = int_list_validator(
 
 
 @deconstructible
-class BaseValidator(object):
+class BaseValidator:
     message = _('Ensure this value is %(limit_value)s (it is %(show_value)s).')
     code = 'limit_value'
 
@@ -384,7 +384,7 @@ class MaxLengthValidator(BaseValidator):
 
 
 @deconstructible
-class DecimalValidator(object):
+class DecimalValidator:
     """
     Validate that the input does not exceed the maximum number of digits
     expected, otherwise raise ValidationError.
@@ -453,7 +453,7 @@ class DecimalValidator(object):
 
 
 @deconstructible
-class FileExtensionValidator(object):
+class FileExtensionValidator:
     message = _(
         "File extension '%(extension)s' is not allowed. "
         "Allowed extensions are: '%(allowed_extensions)s'."
diff --git a/django/db/__init__.py b/django/db/__init__.py
index a00dc788dc..5708c1c5de 100644
--- a/django/db/__init__.py
+++ b/django/db/__init__.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ router = ConnectionRouter()
 # that the database backends care about.
 # We load all these up for backwards compatibility, you should use
 # connections['default'] instead.
-class DefaultConnectionProxy(object):
+class DefaultConnectionProxy:
     """
     Proxy for accessing the default DatabaseWrapper object's attributes. If you
     need to access the DatabaseWrapper object itself, use
diff --git a/django/db/backends/base/base.py b/django/db/backends/base/base.py
index ea976519ec..d255bf3e0f 100644
--- a/django/db/backends/base/base.py
+++ b/django/db/backends/base/base.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ from django.utils.functional import cached_property
 NO_DB_ALIAS = '__no_db__'
 
 
-class BaseDatabaseWrapper(object):
+class BaseDatabaseWrapper:
     """
     Represents a database connection.
     """
diff --git a/django/db/backends/base/client.py b/django/db/backends/base/client.py
index aced8e7ebd..69e061b4e9 100644
--- a/django/db/backends/base/client.py
+++ b/django/db/backends/base/client.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-class BaseDatabaseClient(object):
+class BaseDatabaseClient:
     """
     This class encapsulates all backend-specific methods for opening a
     client shell.
diff --git a/django/db/backends/base/creation.py b/django/db/backends/base/creation.py
index cf3e6c3347..a291f43f55 100644
--- a/django/db/backends/base/creation.py
+++ b/django/db/backends/base/creation.py
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ from django.db import router
 TEST_DATABASE_PREFIX = 'test_'
 
 
-class BaseDatabaseCreation(object):
+class BaseDatabaseCreation:
     """
     This class encapsulates all backend-specific differences that pertain to
     creation and destruction of the test database.
diff --git a/django/db/backends/base/features.py b/django/db/backends/base/features.py
index dfcb719eae..8f9fbdcfea 100644
--- a/django/db/backends/base/features.py
+++ b/django/db/backends/base/features.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ from django.db.utils import ProgrammingError
 from django.utils.functional import cached_property
 
 
-class BaseDatabaseFeatures(object):
+class BaseDatabaseFeatures:
     gis_enabled = False
     allows_group_by_pk = False
     allows_group_by_selected_pks = False
diff --git a/django/db/backends/base/introspection.py b/django/db/backends/base/introspection.py
index 55fffb993e..07f1312356 100644
--- a/django/db/backends/base/introspection.py
+++ b/django/db/backends/base/introspection.py
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ TableInfo = namedtuple('TableInfo', ['name', 'type'])
 FieldInfo = namedtuple('FieldInfo', 'name type_code display_size internal_size precision scale null_ok default')
 
 
-class BaseDatabaseIntrospection(object):
+class BaseDatabaseIntrospection:
     """
     This class encapsulates all backend-specific introspection utilities
     """
diff --git a/django/db/backends/base/operations.py b/django/db/backends/base/operations.py
index 6f1248efc1..22beb0d417 100644
--- a/django/db/backends/base/operations.py
+++ b/django/db/backends/base/operations.py
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ from django.utils.dateparse import parse_duration
 from django.utils.encoding import force_text
 
 
-class BaseDatabaseOperations(object):
+class BaseDatabaseOperations:
     """
     This class encapsulates all backend-specific differences, such as the way
     a backend performs ordering or calculates the ID of a recently-inserted
diff --git a/django/db/backends/base/schema.py b/django/db/backends/base/schema.py
index 6cb6826a7f..70edc05183 100644
--- a/django/db/backends/base/schema.py
+++ b/django/db/backends/base/schema.py
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ def _related_non_m2m_objects(old_field, new_field):
     )
 
 
-class BaseDatabaseSchemaEditor(object):
+class BaseDatabaseSchemaEditor:
     """
     This class (and its subclasses) are responsible for emitting schema-changing
     statements to the databases - model creation/removal/alteration, field
diff --git a/django/db/backends/base/validation.py b/django/db/backends/base/validation.py
index 23761b4161..d8a05aceaf 100644
--- a/django/db/backends/base/validation.py
+++ b/django/db/backends/base/validation.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-class BaseDatabaseValidation(object):
+class BaseDatabaseValidation:
     """
     This class encapsulates all backend-specific validation.
     """
diff --git a/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py b/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py
index f674687ff1..3239ba104f 100644
--- a/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py
+++ b/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ server_version_re = re.compile(r'(\d{1,2})\.(\d{1,2})\.(\d{1,2})')
 # standard backend_utils.CursorDebugWrapper can be used. Also, using sql_mode
 # TRADITIONAL will automatically cause most warnings to be treated as errors.
 
-class CursorWrapper(object):
+class CursorWrapper:
     """
     A thin wrapper around MySQLdb's normal cursor class so that we can catch
     particular exception instances and reraise them with the right types.
diff --git a/django/db/backends/oracle/base.py b/django/db/backends/oracle/base.py
index 257dab0b9d..7e3591f60c 100644
--- a/django/db/backends/oracle/base.py
+++ b/django/db/backends/oracle/base.py
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ from .schema import DatabaseSchemaEditor                    # NOQA isort:skip
 from .utils import Oracle_datetime                          # NOQA isort:skip
 
 
-class _UninitializedOperatorsDescriptor(object):
+class _UninitializedOperatorsDescriptor:
 
     def __get__(self, instance, cls=None):
         # If connection.operators is looked up before a connection has been
@@ -306,7 +306,7 @@ class DatabaseWrapper(BaseDatabaseWrapper):
             return None
 
 
-class OracleParam(object):
+class OracleParam:
     """
     Wrapper object for formatting parameters for Oracle. If the string
     representation of the value is large enough (greater than 4000 characters)
@@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ class OracleParam(object):
             self.input_size = None
 
 
-class VariableWrapper(object):
+class VariableWrapper:
     """
     An adapter class for cursor variables that prevents the wrapped object
     from being converted into a string when used to instantiate an OracleParam.
@@ -375,7 +375,7 @@ class VariableWrapper(object):
             setattr(self.var, key, value)
 
 
-class FormatStylePlaceholderCursor(object):
+class FormatStylePlaceholderCursor:
     """
     Django uses "format" (e.g. '%s') style placeholders, but Oracle uses ":var"
     style. This fixes it -- but note that if you want to use a literal "%s" in
diff --git a/django/db/backends/oracle/utils.py b/django/db/backends/oracle/utils.py
index e89a9b70cb..f958655f94 100644
--- a/django/db/backends/oracle/utils.py
+++ b/django/db/backends/oracle/utils.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import datetime
 from .base import Database
 
 
-class InsertIdVar(object):
+class InsertIdVar:
     """
     A late-binding cursor variable that can be passed to Cursor.execute
     as a parameter, in order to receive the id of the row created by an
diff --git a/django/db/backends/sqlite3/introspection.py b/django/db/backends/sqlite3/introspection.py
index 7d24ca6f26..730793879d 100644
--- a/django/db/backends/sqlite3/introspection.py
+++ b/django/db/backends/sqlite3/introspection.py
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ def get_field_size(name):
 # This light wrapper "fakes" a dictionary interface, because some SQLite data
 # types include variables in them -- e.g. "varchar(30)" -- and can't be matched
 # as a simple dictionary lookup.
-class FlexibleFieldLookupDict(object):
+class FlexibleFieldLookupDict:
     # Maps SQL types to Django Field types. Some of the SQL types have multiple
     # entries here because SQLite allows for anything and doesn't normalize the
     # field type; it uses whatever was given.
diff --git a/django/db/backends/utils.py b/django/db/backends/utils.py
index b72840e989..f6cb59a086 100644
--- a/django/db/backends/utils.py
+++ b/django/db/backends/utils.py
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ from django.utils.timezone import utc
 logger = logging.getLogger('django.db.backends')
 
 
-class CursorWrapper(object):
+class CursorWrapper:
     def __init__(self, cursor, db):
         self.cursor = cursor
         self.db = db
diff --git a/django/db/migrations/autodetector.py b/django/db/migrations/autodetector.py
index d2b6f6d497..b8ac6c942b 100644
--- a/django/db/migrations/autodetector.py
+++ b/django/db/migrations/autodetector.py
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ from django.db.migrations.utils import (
 from .topological_sort import stable_topological_sort
 
 
-class MigrationAutodetector(object):
+class MigrationAutodetector:
     """
     Takes a pair of ProjectStates, and compares them to see what the
     first would need doing to make it match the second (the second
diff --git a/django/db/migrations/executor.py b/django/db/migrations/executor.py
index a590a0aca3..13ae9a68a1 100644
--- a/django/db/migrations/executor.py
+++ b/django/db/migrations/executor.py
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ from .recorder import MigrationRecorder
 from .state import ProjectState
 
 
-class MigrationExecutor(object):
+class MigrationExecutor:
     """
     End-to-end migration execution - loads migrations, and runs them
     up or down to a specified set of targets.
diff --git a/django/db/migrations/graph.py b/django/db/migrations/graph.py
index 1729aa7b7a..1d144d7d25 100644
--- a/django/db/migrations/graph.py
+++ b/django/db/migrations/graph.py
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ RECURSION_DEPTH_WARNING = (
 
 
 @total_ordering
-class Node(object):
+class Node:
     """
     A single node in the migration graph. Contains direct links to adjacent
     nodes in either direction.
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ class DummyNode(Node):
         raise NodeNotFoundError(self.error_message, self.key, origin=self.origin)
 
 
-class MigrationGraph(object):
+class MigrationGraph:
     """
     Represents the digraph of all migrations in a project.
 
diff --git a/django/db/migrations/loader.py b/django/db/migrations/loader.py
index 492ad145fd..1237a37c26 100644
--- a/django/db/migrations/loader.py
+++ b/django/db/migrations/loader.py
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ from .exceptions import (
 MIGRATIONS_MODULE_NAME = 'migrations'
 
 
-class MigrationLoader(object):
+class MigrationLoader:
     """
     Loads migration files from disk, and their status from the database.
 
diff --git a/django/db/migrations/migration.py b/django/db/migrations/migration.py
index 5b6bb647c9..eb0bfa8b37 100644
--- a/django/db/migrations/migration.py
+++ b/django/db/migrations/migration.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ from django.db.transaction import atomic
 from .exceptions import IrreversibleError
 
 
-class Migration(object):
+class Migration:
     """
     The base class for all migrations.
 
diff --git a/django/db/migrations/operations/base.py b/django/db/migrations/operations/base.py
index f5acf9f3a8..8e1f02d7ca 100644
--- a/django/db/migrations/operations/base.py
+++ b/django/db/migrations/operations/base.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 from django.db import router
 
 
-class Operation(object):
+class Operation:
     """
     Base class for migration operations.
 
diff --git a/django/db/migrations/optimizer.py b/django/db/migrations/optimizer.py
index ca7f9db600..9948d5b4bb 100644
--- a/django/db/migrations/optimizer.py
+++ b/django/db/migrations/optimizer.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-class MigrationOptimizer(object):
+class MigrationOptimizer:
     """
     Powers the optimization process, where you provide a list of Operations
     and you are returned a list of equal or shorter length - operations
diff --git a/django/db/migrations/questioner.py b/django/db/migrations/questioner.py
index caae498337..f1bc664828 100644
--- a/django/db/migrations/questioner.py
+++ b/django/db/migrations/questioner.py
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ from django.utils import datetime_safe, timezone
 from .loader import MigrationLoader
 
 
-class MigrationQuestioner(object):
+class MigrationQuestioner:
     """
     Gives the autodetector responses to questions it might have.
     This base class has a built-in noninteractive mode, but the
diff --git a/django/db/migrations/recorder.py b/django/db/migrations/recorder.py
index 7824228c97..1c4adea1f2 100644
--- a/django/db/migrations/recorder.py
+++ b/django/db/migrations/recorder.py
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ from django.utils.timezone import now
 from .exceptions import MigrationSchemaMissing
 
 
-class MigrationRecorder(object):
+class MigrationRecorder:
     """
     Deals with storing migration records in the database.
 
diff --git a/django/db/migrations/serializer.py b/django/db/migrations/serializer.py
index 4786e7b012..9e5d74afb9 100644
--- a/django/db/migrations/serializer.py
+++ b/django/db/migrations/serializer.py
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ except ImportError:
     enum = None
 
 
-class BaseSerializer(object):
+class BaseSerializer:
     def __init__(self, value):
         self.value = value
 
diff --git a/django/db/migrations/state.py b/django/db/migrations/state.py
index 6699b77713..c0eb583374 100644
--- a/django/db/migrations/state.py
+++ b/django/db/migrations/state.py
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ def get_related_models_recursive(model):
     return seen - {(model._meta.app_label, model._meta.model_name)}
 
 
-class ProjectState(object):
+class ProjectState:
     """
     Represents the entire project's overall state.
     This is the item that is passed around - we do it here rather than at the
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ class StateApps(Apps):
             pass
 
 
-class ModelState(object):
+class ModelState:
     """
     Represents a Django Model. We don't use the actual Model class
     as it's not designed to have its options changed - instead, we
diff --git a/django/db/migrations/utils.py b/django/db/migrations/utils.py
index b54d7ed120..8939794e59 100644
--- a/django/db/migrations/utils.py
+++ b/django/db/migrations/utils.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import re
 COMPILED_REGEX_TYPE = type(re.compile(''))
 
 
-class RegexObject(object):
+class RegexObject:
     def __init__(self, obj):
         self.pattern = obj.pattern
         self.flags = obj.flags
diff --git a/django/db/migrations/writer.py b/django/db/migrations/writer.py
index ae51a1f0d9..be0fece25e 100644
--- a/django/db/migrations/writer.py
+++ b/django/db/migrations/writer.py
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ class SettingsReference(str):
         self.setting_name = setting_name
 
 
-class OperationWriter(object):
+class OperationWriter:
     def __init__(self, operation, indentation=2):
         self.operation = operation
         self.buff = []
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ class OperationWriter(object):
         return '\n'.join(self.buff)
 
 
-class MigrationWriter(object):
+class MigrationWriter:
     """
     Takes a Migration instance and is able to produce the contents
     of the migration file from it.
diff --git a/django/db/models/base.py b/django/db/models/base.py
index 4ee7aa0349..8cba12bb6e 100644
--- a/django/db/models/base.py
+++ b/django/db/models/base.py
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
 from django.utils.version import get_version
 
 
-class Deferred(object):
+class Deferred:
     def __repr__(self):
         return str('<Deferred field>')
 
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ class ModelBase(type):
         return cls._meta.default_manager
 
 
-class ModelState(object):
+class ModelState:
     """
     A class for storing instance state
     """
diff --git a/django/db/models/deletion.py b/django/db/models/deletion.py
index 0793475e65..b0c61d1799 100644
--- a/django/db/models/deletion.py
+++ b/django/db/models/deletion.py
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ def get_candidate_relations_to_delete(opts):
     )
 
 
-class Collector(object):
+class Collector:
     def __init__(self, using):
         self.using = using
         # Initially, {model: {instances}}, later values become lists.
diff --git a/django/db/models/expressions.py b/django/db/models/expressions.py
index 960435f169..de60a160e0 100644
--- a/django/db/models/expressions.py
+++ b/django/db/models/expressions.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ from django.db.models.query_utils import Q
 from django.utils.functional import cached_property
 
 
-class Combinable(object):
+class Combinable:
     """
     Provides the ability to combine one or two objects with
     some connector. For example F('foo') + F('bar').
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ class Combinable(object):
         )
 
 
-class BaseExpression(object):
+class BaseExpression:
     """
     Base class for all query expressions.
     """
diff --git a/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py b/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py
index 3ac04effc7..26b0bb2378 100644
--- a/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py
+++ b/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ __all__ = [str(x) for x in (
 )]
 
 
-class Empty(object):
+class Empty:
     pass
 
 
@@ -1088,7 +1088,7 @@ class CommaSeparatedIntegerField(CharField):
     }
 
 
-class DateTimeCheckMixin(object):
+class DateTimeCheckMixin:
 
     def check(self, **kwargs):
         errors = super(DateTimeCheckMixin, self).check(**kwargs)
@@ -2003,7 +2003,7 @@ class NullBooleanField(Field):
         return super(NullBooleanField, self).formfield(**defaults)
 
 
-class PositiveIntegerRelDbTypeMixin(object):
+class PositiveIntegerRelDbTypeMixin:
 
     def rel_db_type(self, connection):
         """
diff --git a/django/db/models/fields/files.py b/django/db/models/fields/files.py
index 38dda4c1df..1235f65730 100644
--- a/django/db/models/fields/files.py
+++ b/django/db/models/fields/files.py
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ class FieldFile(File):
         return {'name': self.name, 'closed': False, '_committed': True, '_file': None}
 
 
-class FileDescriptor(object):
+class FileDescriptor:
     """
     The descriptor for the file attribute on the model instance. Returns a
     FieldFile when accessed so you can do stuff like::
diff --git a/django/db/models/fields/related.py b/django/db/models/fields/related.py
index b5dd0a2d14..bc447452f3 100644
--- a/django/db/models/fields/related.py
+++ b/django/db/models/fields/related.py
@@ -1023,7 +1023,7 @@ def create_many_to_many_intermediary_model(field, klass):
         to = 'to_%s' % to
         from_ = 'from_%s' % from_
 
-    meta = type(str('Meta'), (object,), {
+    meta = type(str('Meta'), (), {
         'db_table': field._get_m2m_db_table(klass._meta),
         'auto_created': klass,
         'app_label': klass._meta.app_label,
diff --git a/django/db/models/fields/related_descriptors.py b/django/db/models/fields/related_descriptors.py
index 696dc6f749..dda455800b 100644
--- a/django/db/models/fields/related_descriptors.py
+++ b/django/db/models/fields/related_descriptors.py
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ from django.db.models.query import QuerySet
 from django.utils.functional import cached_property
 
 
-class ForwardManyToOneDescriptor(object):
+class ForwardManyToOneDescriptor:
     """
     Accessor to the related object on the forward side of a many-to-one or
     one-to-one (via ForwardOneToOneDescriptor subclass) relation.
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ class ForwardOneToOneDescriptor(ForwardManyToOneDescriptor):
         return super(ForwardOneToOneDescriptor, self).get_object(instance)
 
 
-class ReverseOneToOneDescriptor(object):
+class ReverseOneToOneDescriptor:
     """
     Accessor to the related object on the reverse side of a one-to-one
     relation.
@@ -435,7 +435,7 @@ class ReverseOneToOneDescriptor(object):
             setattr(value, self.related.field.get_cache_name(), instance)
 
 
-class ReverseManyToOneDescriptor(object):
+class ReverseManyToOneDescriptor:
     """
     Accessor to the related objects manager on the reverse side of a
     many-to-one relation.
diff --git a/django/db/models/fields/related_lookups.py b/django/db/models/fields/related_lookups.py
index bb3194ecd7..bc80c7cb02 100644
--- a/django/db/models/fields/related_lookups.py
+++ b/django/db/models/fields/related_lookups.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ from django.db.models.lookups import (
 )
 
 
-class MultiColSource(object):
+class MultiColSource:
     contains_aggregate = False
 
     def __init__(self, alias, targets, sources, field):
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ class RelatedIn(In):
             return super(RelatedIn, self).as_sql(compiler, connection)
 
 
-class RelatedLookupMixin(object):
+class RelatedLookupMixin:
     def get_prep_lookup(self):
         if not isinstance(self.lhs, MultiColSource) and self.rhs_is_direct_value():
             # If we get here, we are dealing with single-column relations.
diff --git a/django/db/models/fields/reverse_related.py b/django/db/models/fields/reverse_related.py
index 1b706ba6ea..4e835e8302 100644
--- a/django/db/models/fields/reverse_related.py
+++ b/django/db/models/fields/reverse_related.py
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ from django.utils.functional import cached_property
 from . import BLANK_CHOICE_DASH
 
 
-class ForeignObjectRel(object):
+class ForeignObjectRel:
     """
     Used by ForeignObject to store information about the relation.
 
diff --git a/django/db/models/functions/datetime.py b/django/db/models/functions/datetime.py
index 269b829e43..8bfd8cafef 100644
--- a/django/db/models/functions/datetime.py
+++ b/django/db/models/functions/datetime.py
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ from django.utils import timezone
 from django.utils.functional import cached_property
 
 
-class TimezoneMixin(object):
+class TimezoneMixin:
     tzinfo = None
 
     def get_tzname(self):
diff --git a/django/db/models/indexes.py b/django/db/models/indexes.py
index 27390ccc18..03aa06fa52 100644
--- a/django/db/models/indexes.py
+++ b/django/db/models/indexes.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ __all__ = [str('Index')]
 MAX_NAME_LENGTH = 30
 
 
-class Index(object):
+class Index:
     suffix = 'idx'
 
     def __init__(self, fields=[], name=None):
diff --git a/django/db/models/lookups.py b/django/db/models/lookups.py
index 4b09143661..1536ecdc63 100644
--- a/django/db/models/lookups.py
+++ b/django/db/models/lookups.py
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ from django.db.models.query_utils import RegisterLookupMixin
 from django.utils.functional import cached_property
 
 
-class Lookup(object):
+class Lookup:
     lookup_name = None
     prepare_rhs = True
 
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ class BuiltinLookup(Lookup):
         return connection.operators[self.lookup_name] % rhs
 
 
-class FieldGetDbPrepValueMixin(object):
+class FieldGetDbPrepValueMixin:
     """
     Some lookups require Field.get_db_prep_value() to be called on their
     inputs.
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ class LessThanOrEqual(FieldGetDbPrepValueMixin, BuiltinLookup):
     lookup_name = 'lte'
 
 
-class IntegerFieldFloatRounding(object):
+class IntegerFieldFloatRounding:
     """
     Allow floats to work as query values for IntegerField. Without this, the
     decimal portion of the float would always be discarded.
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ class IntegerLessThan(IntegerFieldFloatRounding, LessThan):
     pass
 
 
-class DecimalComparisonLookup(object):
+class DecimalComparisonLookup:
     def as_sqlite(self, compiler, connection):
         lhs_sql, params = self.process_lhs(compiler, connection)
         rhs_sql, rhs_params = self.process_rhs(compiler, connection)
diff --git a/django/db/models/manager.py b/django/db/models/manager.py
index bb3d61b083..2680f69986 100644
--- a/django/db/models/manager.py
+++ b/django/db/models/manager.py
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ from django.db import router
 from django.db.models.query import QuerySet
 
 
-class BaseManager(object):
+class BaseManager:
     # Tracks each time a Manager instance is created. Used to retain order.
     creation_counter = 0
 
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ class Manager(BaseManager.from_queryset(QuerySet)):
     pass
 
 
-class ManagerDescriptor(object):
+class ManagerDescriptor:
 
     def __init__(self, manager):
         self.manager = manager
diff --git a/django/db/models/options.py b/django/db/models/options.py
index 7594b70fb2..8f5603ada4 100644
--- a/django/db/models/options.py
+++ b/django/db/models/options.py
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ def make_immutable_fields_list(name, data):
     return ImmutableList(data, warning=IMMUTABLE_WARNING % name)
 
 
-class Options(object):
+class Options:
     FORWARD_PROPERTIES = {
         'fields', 'many_to_many', 'concrete_fields', 'local_concrete_fields',
         '_forward_fields_map', 'managers', 'managers_map', 'base_manager',
diff --git a/django/db/models/query.py b/django/db/models/query.py
index 1c20d9cbf6..b536521fa4 100644
--- a/django/db/models/query.py
+++ b/django/db/models/query.py
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ REPR_OUTPUT_SIZE = 20
 EmptyResultSet = sql.EmptyResultSet
 
 
-class BaseIterable(object):
+class BaseIterable:
     def __init__(self, queryset, chunked_fetch=False):
         self.queryset = queryset
         self.chunked_fetch = chunked_fetch
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ class FlatValuesListIterable(BaseIterable):
             yield row[0]
 
 
-class QuerySet(object):
+class QuerySet:
     """
     Represents a lazy database lookup for a set of objects.
     """
@@ -1180,7 +1180,7 @@ class EmptyQuerySet(metaclass=InstanceCheckMeta):
         raise TypeError("EmptyQuerySet can't be instantiated")
 
 
-class RawQuerySet(object):
+class RawQuerySet:
     """
     Provides an iterator which converts the results of raw SQL queries into
     annotated model instances.
@@ -1298,7 +1298,7 @@ class RawQuerySet(object):
         return model_fields
 
 
-class Prefetch(object):
+class Prefetch:
     def __init__(self, lookup, queryset=None, to_attr=None):
         # `prefetch_through` is the path we traverse to perform the prefetch.
         self.prefetch_through = lookup
@@ -1623,7 +1623,7 @@ def prefetch_one_level(instances, prefetcher, lookup, level):
     return all_related_objects, additional_lookups
 
 
-class RelatedPopulator(object):
+class RelatedPopulator:
     """
     RelatedPopulator is used for select_related() object instantiation.
 
diff --git a/django/db/models/query_utils.py b/django/db/models/query_utils.py
index 03d133e724..54088b4fbb 100644
--- a/django/db/models/query_utils.py
+++ b/django/db/models/query_utils.py
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ def subclasses(cls):
             yield item
 
 
-class QueryWrapper(object):
+class QueryWrapper:
     """
     A type that indicates the contents are an SQL fragment and the associate
     parameters. Can be used to pass opaque data to a where-clause, for example.
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ class Q(tree.Node):
         return clause
 
 
-class DeferredAttribute(object):
+class DeferredAttribute:
     """
     A wrapper for a deferred-loading field. When the value is read from this
     object the first time, the query is executed.
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ class DeferredAttribute(object):
         return None
 
 
-class RegisterLookupMixin(object):
+class RegisterLookupMixin:
 
     @classmethod
     def _get_lookup(cls, lookup_name):
diff --git a/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py b/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py
index 41733210c4..1be406d704 100644
--- a/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py
+++ b/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ from django.db.utils import DatabaseError
 FORCE = object()
 
 
-class SQLCompiler(object):
+class SQLCompiler:
     def __init__(self, query, connection, using):
         self.query = query
         self.connection = connection
diff --git a/django/db/models/sql/datastructures.py b/django/db/models/sql/datastructures.py
index 02e4f930e1..81b6cabdc6 100644
--- a/django/db/models/sql/datastructures.py
+++ b/django/db/models/sql/datastructures.py
@@ -19,11 +19,11 @@ class MultiJoin(Exception):
         self.names_with_path = path_with_names
 
 
-class Empty(object):
+class Empty:
     pass
 
 
-class Join(object):
+class Join:
     """
     Used by sql.Query and sql.SQLCompiler to generate JOIN clauses into the
     FROM entry. For example, the SQL generated could be
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ class Join(object):
         return new
 
 
-class BaseTable(object):
+class BaseTable:
     """
     The BaseTable class is used for base table references in FROM clause. For
     example, the SQL "foo" in
diff --git a/django/db/models/sql/query.py b/django/db/models/sql/query.py
index 3acef8faf5..67d5738976 100644
--- a/django/db/models/sql/query.py
+++ b/django/db/models/sql/query.py
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ def get_field_names_from_opts(opts):
     ))
 
 
-class RawQuery(object):
+class RawQuery:
     """
     A single raw SQL query
     """
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ class RawQuery(object):
         self.cursor.execute(self.sql, params)
 
 
-class Query(object):
+class Query:
     """
     A single SQL query.
     """
@@ -2049,7 +2049,7 @@ def is_reverse_o2o(field):
     return field.is_relation and field.one_to_one and not field.concrete
 
 
-class JoinPromoter(object):
+class JoinPromoter:
     """
     A class to abstract away join promotion problems for complex filter
     conditions.
diff --git a/django/db/models/sql/where.py b/django/db/models/sql/where.py
index bb4e9252b4..7ce7617bfa 100644
--- a/django/db/models/sql/where.py
+++ b/django/db/models/sql/where.py
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ class WhereNode(tree.Node):
         return any(child.is_summary for child in self.children)
 
 
-class NothingNode(object):
+class NothingNode:
     """
     A node that matches nothing.
     """
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ class NothingNode(object):
         raise EmptyResultSet
 
 
-class ExtraWhere(object):
+class ExtraWhere:
     # The contents are a black box - assume no aggregates are used.
     contains_aggregate = False
 
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ class ExtraWhere(object):
         return " AND ".join(sqls), list(self.params or ())
 
 
-class SubqueryConstraint(object):
+class SubqueryConstraint:
     # Even if aggregates would be used in a subquery, the outer query isn't
     # interested about those.
     contains_aggregate = False
diff --git a/django/db/utils.py b/django/db/utils.py
index a65510ea80..8ca3f860b3 100644
--- a/django/db/utils.py
+++ b/django/db/utils.py
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ class NotSupportedError(DatabaseError):
     pass
 
 
-class DatabaseErrorWrapper(object):
+class DatabaseErrorWrapper:
     """
     Context manager and decorator that re-throws backend-specific database
     exceptions using Django's common wrappers.
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ class ConnectionDoesNotExist(Exception):
     pass
 
 
-class ConnectionHandler(object):
+class ConnectionHandler:
     def __init__(self, databases=None):
         """
         databases is an optional dictionary of database definitions (structured
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ class ConnectionHandler(object):
             connection.close()
 
 
-class ConnectionRouter(object):
+class ConnectionRouter:
     def __init__(self, routers=None):
         """
         If routers is not specified, will default to settings.DATABASE_ROUTERS.
diff --git a/django/dispatch/dispatcher.py b/django/dispatch/dispatcher.py
index 706c9eebbf..09992c5b8c 100644
--- a/django/dispatch/dispatcher.py
+++ b/django/dispatch/dispatcher.py
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ NONE_ID = _make_id(None)
 NO_RECEIVERS = object()
 
 
-class Signal(object):
+class Signal:
     """
     Base class for all signals
 
diff --git a/django/forms/boundfield.py b/django/forms/boundfield.py
index dc40bca508..8bed2a8a52 100644
--- a/django/forms/boundfield.py
+++ b/django/forms/boundfield.py
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ __all__ = ('BoundField',)
 
 
 @html_safe
-class BoundField(object):
+class BoundField:
     "A Field plus data"
     def __init__(self, form, field, name):
         self.form = form
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ class BoundField(object):
 
 
 @html_safe
-class BoundWidget(object):
+class BoundWidget:
     """
     A container class used for iterating over widgets. This is useful for
     widgets that have choices. For example, the following can be used in a
diff --git a/django/forms/fields.py b/django/forms/fields.py
index 94a7bbbfc2..20521b26ea 100644
--- a/django/forms/fields.py
+++ b/django/forms/fields.py
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ __all__ = (
 )
 
 
-class Field(object):
+class Field:
     widget = TextInput  # Default widget to use when rendering this type of Field.
     hidden_widget = HiddenInput  # Default widget to use when rendering this as "hidden".
     default_validators = []  # Default set of validators
@@ -755,7 +755,7 @@ class NullBooleanField(BooleanField):
         pass
 
 
-class CallableChoiceIterator(object):
+class CallableChoiceIterator:
     def __init__(self, choices_func):
         self.choices_func = choices_func
 
diff --git a/django/forms/forms.py b/django/forms/forms.py
index de19edb668..7fccdc2b65 100644
--- a/django/forms/forms.py
+++ b/django/forms/forms.py
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ class DeclarativeFieldsMetaclass(MediaDefiningClass):
 
 
 @html_safe
-class BaseForm(object):
+class BaseForm:
     # This is the main implementation of all the Form logic. Note that this
     # class is different than Form. See the comments by the Form class for more
     # information. Any improvements to the form API should be made to *this*
diff --git a/django/forms/formsets.py b/django/forms/formsets.py
index 964a83d4ca..18a8cabefa 100644
--- a/django/forms/formsets.py
+++ b/django/forms/formsets.py
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ class ManagementForm(Form):
 
 
 @html_safe
-class BaseFormSet(object):
+class BaseFormSet:
     """
     A collection of instances of the same Form class.
     """
diff --git a/django/forms/models.py b/django/forms/models.py
index 093a7a6078..e5a589bfba 100644
--- a/django/forms/models.py
+++ b/django/forms/models.py
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ def fields_for_model(model, fields=None, exclude=None, widgets=None,
     return field_dict
 
 
-class ModelFormOptions(object):
+class ModelFormOptions:
     def __init__(self, options=None):
         self.model = getattr(options, 'model', None)
         self.fields = getattr(options, 'fields', None)
@@ -517,10 +517,8 @@ def modelform_factory(model, form=ModelForm, fields=None, exclude=None,
 
     # If parent form class already has an inner Meta, the Meta we're
     # creating needs to inherit from the parent's inner meta.
-    parent = (object,)
-    if hasattr(form, 'Meta'):
-        parent = (form.Meta, object)
-    Meta = type(str('Meta'), parent, attrs)
+    bases = (form.Meta,) if hasattr(form, 'Meta') else ()
+    Meta = type(str('Meta'), bases, attrs)
     if formfield_callback:
         Meta.formfield_callback = staticmethod(formfield_callback)
     # Give this new form class a reasonable name.
@@ -1099,7 +1097,7 @@ class InlineForeignKeyField(Field):
         return False
 
 
-class ModelChoiceIterator(object):
+class ModelChoiceIterator:
     def __init__(self, field):
         self.field = field
         self.queryset = field.queryset
diff --git a/django/forms/renderers.py b/django/forms/renderers.py
index 2c31d7adc5..3023d477e4 100644
--- a/django/forms/renderers.py
+++ b/django/forms/renderers.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ def get_default_renderer():
     return renderer_class()
 
 
-class BaseRenderer(object):
+class BaseRenderer:
     def get_template(self, template_name):
         raise NotImplementedError('subclasses must implement get_template()')
 
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ class BaseRenderer(object):
         return template.render(context, request=request).strip()
 
 
-class EngineMixin(object):
+class EngineMixin:
     def get_template(self, template_name):
         return self.engine.get_template(template_name)
 
diff --git a/django/forms/widgets.py b/django/forms/widgets.py
index b04864205c..d8b4d6a4dc 100644
--- a/django/forms/widgets.py
+++ b/django/forms/widgets.py
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ MEDIA_TYPES = ('css', 'js')
 
 
 @html_safe
-class Media(object):
+class Media:
     def __init__(self, media=None, **kwargs):
         if media:
             media_attrs = media.__dict__
diff --git a/django/http/multipartparser.py b/django/http/multipartparser.py
index 4cbb98afdd..ff7e36e321 100644
--- a/django/http/multipartparser.py
+++ b/django/http/multipartparser.py
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ FILE = "file"
 FIELD = "field"
 
 
-class MultiPartParser(object):
+class MultiPartParser:
     """
     A rfc2388 multipart/form-data parser.
 
@@ -646,7 +646,7 @@ def parse_boundary_stream(stream, max_header_size):
     return (TYPE, outdict, stream)
 
 
-class Parser(object):
+class Parser:
     def __init__(self, stream, boundary):
         self._stream = stream
         self._separator = b'--' + boundary
diff --git a/django/http/request.py b/django/http/request.py
index a930c93b26..4ca2ed25fa 100644
--- a/django/http/request.py
+++ b/django/http/request.py
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ class RawPostDataException(Exception):
     pass
 
 
-class HttpRequest(object):
+class HttpRequest:
     """A basic HTTP request."""
 
     # The encoding used in GET/POST dicts. None means use default setting.
diff --git a/django/template/backends/base.py b/django/template/backends/base.py
index 9f48fbfdca..ad53089f22 100644
--- a/django/template/backends/base.py
+++ b/django/template/backends/base.py
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ from django.utils._os import safe_join
 from django.utils.functional import cached_property
 
 
-class BaseEngine(object):
+class BaseEngine:
 
     # Core methods: engines have to provide their own implementation
     #               (except for from_string which is optional).
diff --git a/django/template/backends/django.py b/django/template/backends/django.py
index 7ae8141251..33022d8bbb 100644
--- a/django/template/backends/django.py
+++ b/django/template/backends/django.py
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ class DjangoTemplates(BaseEngine):
         return libraries
 
 
-class Template(object):
+class Template:
 
     def __init__(self, template, backend):
         self.template = template
diff --git a/django/template/backends/jinja2.py b/django/template/backends/jinja2.py
index 2497df1b84..df2eefa925 100644
--- a/django/template/backends/jinja2.py
+++ b/django/template/backends/jinja2.py
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ class Jinja2(BaseEngine):
         return [import_string(path) for path in self.context_processors]
 
 
-class Template(object):
+class Template:
 
     def __init__(self, template, backend):
         self.template = template
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ class Template(object):
         return self.template.render(context)
 
 
-class Origin(object):
+class Origin:
     """
     A container to hold debug information as described in the template API
     documentation.
diff --git a/django/template/base.py b/django/template/base.py
index 7f18869dbb..ce3cc2c7c0 100644
--- a/django/template/base.py
+++ b/django/template/base.py
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ class VariableDoesNotExist(Exception):
         return self.msg % tuple(force_text(p, errors='replace') for p in self.params)
 
 
-class Origin(object):
+class Origin:
     def __init__(self, name, template_name=None, loader=None):
         self.name = name
         self.template_name = template_name
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ class Origin(object):
             )
 
 
-class Template(object):
+class Template:
     def __init__(self, template_string, origin=None, name=None, engine=None):
         try:
             template_string = force_text(template_string)
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ def linebreak_iter(template_source):
     yield len(template_source) + 1
 
 
-class Token(object):
+class Token:
     def __init__(self, token_type, contents, position=None, lineno=None):
         """
         A token representing a string from the template.
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ class Token(object):
         return split
 
 
-class Lexer(object):
+class Lexer:
     def __init__(self, template_string):
         self.template_string = template_string
         self.verbatim = False
@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ class DebugLexer(Lexer):
         return result
 
 
-class Parser(object):
+class Parser:
     def __init__(self, tokens, libraries=None, builtins=None, origin=None):
         self.tokens = tokens
         self.tags = {}
@@ -624,7 +624,7 @@ filter_raw_string = r"""
 filter_re = re.compile(filter_raw_string, re.UNICODE | re.VERBOSE)
 
 
-class FilterExpression(object):
+class FilterExpression:
     """
     Parses a variable token and its optional filters (all as a single string),
     and return a list of tuples of the filter name and arguments.
@@ -741,7 +741,7 @@ class FilterExpression(object):
         return self.token
 
 
-class Variable(object):
+class Variable:
     """
     A template variable, resolvable against a given context. The variable may
     be a hard-coded string (if it begins and ends with single or double quote
@@ -898,7 +898,7 @@ class Variable(object):
         return current
 
 
-class Node(object):
+class Node:
     # Set this to True for nodes that must be first in the template (although
     # they can be preceded by text nodes.
     must_be_first = False
diff --git a/django/template/context.py b/django/template/context.py
index c5a4949e95..dfc4ed69a6 100644
--- a/django/template/context.py
+++ b/django/template/context.py
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ class ContextDict(dict):
         self.context.pop()
 
 
-class BaseContext(object):
+class BaseContext:
     def __init__(self, dict_=None):
         self._reset_dicts(dict_)
 
diff --git a/django/template/engine.py b/django/template/engine.py
index d334926c45..026ecb144e 100644
--- a/django/template/engine.py
+++ b/django/template/engine.py
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ from .exceptions import TemplateDoesNotExist
 from .library import import_library
 
 
-class Engine(object):
+class Engine:
     default_builtins = [
         'django.template.defaulttags',
         'django.template.defaultfilters',
diff --git a/django/template/library.py b/django/template/library.py
index b7e3cad532..0b66aad3e9 100644
--- a/django/template/library.py
+++ b/django/template/library.py
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ class InvalidTemplateLibrary(Exception):
     pass
 
 
-class Library(object):
+class Library:
     """
     A class for registering template tags and filters. Compiled filter and
     template tag functions are stored in the filters and tags attributes.
diff --git a/django/template/loader_tags.py b/django/template/loader_tags.py
index 2c27902238..b4f3f29be6 100644
--- a/django/template/loader_tags.py
+++ b/django/template/loader_tags.py
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ BLOCK_CONTEXT_KEY = 'block_context'
 logger = logging.getLogger('django.template')
 
 
-class BlockContext(object):
+class BlockContext:
     def __init__(self):
         # Dictionary of FIFO queues.
         self.blocks = defaultdict(list)
diff --git a/django/template/loaders/base.py b/django/template/loaders/base.py
index cb1807fd7e..041f9c4750 100644
--- a/django/template/loaders/base.py
+++ b/django/template/loaders/base.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 from django.template import Template, TemplateDoesNotExist
 
 
-class Loader(object):
+class Loader:
 
     def __init__(self, engine):
         self.engine = engine
diff --git a/django/template/smartif.py b/django/template/smartif.py
index d0cebadc01..02e005c5ec 100644
--- a/django/template/smartif.py
+++ b/django/template/smartif.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ Parser and utilities for the smart 'if' tag
 # 'bp' = binding power (left = lbp, right = rbp)
 
 
-class TokenBase(object):
+class TokenBase:
     """
     Base class for operators and literals, mainly for debugging and for throwing
     syntax errors.
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ class EndToken(TokenBase):
 EndToken = EndToken()
 
 
-class IfParser(object):
+class IfParser:
     error_class = ValueError
 
     def __init__(self, tokens):
diff --git a/django/template/utils.py b/django/template/utils.py
index 6ff2499dcb..852baca566 100644
--- a/django/template/utils.py
+++ b/django/template/utils.py
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ class InvalidTemplateEngineError(ImproperlyConfigured):
     pass
 
 
-class EngineHandler(object):
+class EngineHandler:
     def __init__(self, templates=None):
         """
         templates is an optional list of template engine definitions
diff --git a/django/templatetags/tz.py b/django/templatetags/tz.py
index 99d391e45d..4769d1e09d 100644
--- a/django/templatetags/tz.py
+++ b/django/templatetags/tz.py
@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ from django.utils import timezone
 register = Library()
 
 
-# HACK: datetime is an old-style class, create a new-style equivalent
-# so we can define additional attributes.
-class datetimeobject(datetime, object):
+# HACK: datetime instances cannot be assigned new attributes. Define a subclass
+# in order to define new attributes in do_timezone().
+class datetimeobject(datetime):
     pass
 
 
diff --git a/django/test/client.py b/django/test/client.py
index 3b31dae9bd..c8c6e96a7f 100644
--- a/django/test/client.py
+++ b/django/test/client.py
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ class RedirectCycleError(Exception):
         self.redirect_chain = last_response.redirect_chain
 
 
-class FakePayload(object):
+class FakePayload:
     """
     A wrapper around BytesIO that restricts what can be read since data from
     the network can't be seeked and cannot be read outside of its content
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ def encode_file(boundary, key, file):
     ]
 
 
-class RequestFactory(object):
+class RequestFactory:
     """
     Class that lets you create mock Request objects for use in testing.
 
diff --git a/django/test/html.py b/django/test/html.py
index 67a2ad65e1..319fd87a0f 100644
--- a/django/test/html.py
+++ b/django/test/html.py
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ def normalize_whitespace(string):
     return WHITESPACE.sub(' ', string)
 
 
-class Element(object):
+class Element:
     def __init__(self, name, attributes):
         self.name = name
         self.attributes = sorted(attributes)
diff --git a/django/test/runner.py b/django/test/runner.py
index 77a309d8e6..090adcec95 100644
--- a/django/test/runner.py
+++ b/django/test/runner.py
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ class DebugSQLTextTestResult(unittest.TextTestResult):
             self.stream.writeln("%s" % sql_debug)
 
 
-class RemoteTestResult(object):
+class RemoteTestResult:
     """
     Record information about which tests have succeeded and which have failed.
 
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ failure and get a correct traceback.
         self.stop_if_failfast()
 
 
-class RemoteTestRunner(object):
+class RemoteTestRunner:
     """
     Run tests and record everything but don't display anything.
 
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ class ParallelTestSuite(unittest.TestSuite):
         return result
 
 
-class DiscoverRunner(object):
+class DiscoverRunner:
     """
     A Django test runner that uses unittest2 test discovery.
     """
diff --git a/django/test/testcases.py b/django/test/testcases.py
index dad3fb2df0..02398433d9 100644
--- a/django/test/testcases.py
+++ b/django/test/testcases.py
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ class _AssertNumQueriesContext(CaptureQueriesContext):
         )
 
 
-class _AssertTemplateUsedContext(object):
+class _AssertTemplateUsedContext:
     def __init__(self, test_case, template_name):
         self.test_case = test_case
         self.template_name = template_name
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ class _AssertTemplateNotUsedContext(_AssertTemplateUsedContext):
         return '%s was rendered.' % self.template_name
 
 
-class _CursorFailure(object):
+class _CursorFailure:
     def __init__(self, cls_name, wrapped):
         self.cls_name = cls_name
         self.wrapped = wrapped
@@ -1047,7 +1047,7 @@ class TestCase(TransactionTestCase):
         )
 
 
-class CheckCondition(object):
+class CheckCondition:
     """Descriptor class for deferred condition checking"""
     def __init__(self, *conditions):
         self.conditions = conditions
@@ -1334,7 +1334,7 @@ class LiveServerTestCase(TransactionTestCase):
         super(LiveServerTestCase, cls).tearDownClass()
 
 
-class SerializeMixin(object):
+class SerializeMixin:
     """
     Mixin to enforce serialization of TestCases that share a common resource.
 
diff --git a/django/test/utils.py b/django/test/utils.py
index 55428ccf85..7cff683dff 100644
--- a/django/test/utils.py
+++ b/django/test/utils.py
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ __all__ = (
 TZ_SUPPORT = hasattr(time, 'tzset')
 
 
-class Approximate(object):
+class Approximate:
     def __init__(self, val, places=7):
         self.val = val
         self.places = places
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ def instrumented_test_render(self, context):
     return self.nodelist.render(context)
 
 
-class _TestState(object):
+class _TestState:
     pass
 
 
@@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ def get_runner(settings, test_runner_class=None):
     return test_runner
 
 
-class TestContextDecorator(object):
+class TestContextDecorator:
     """
     A base class that can either be used as a context manager during tests
     or as a test function or unittest.TestCase subclass decorator to perform
@@ -613,7 +613,7 @@ def str_prefix(s):
     return s % {'_': ''}
 
 
-class CaptureQueriesContext(object):
+class CaptureQueriesContext:
     """
     Context manager that captures queries executed by the specified connection.
     """
@@ -832,7 +832,7 @@ class override_script_prefix(TestContextDecorator):
         set_script_prefix(self.old_prefix)
 
 
-class LoggingCaptureMixin(object):
+class LoggingCaptureMixin:
     """
     Capture the output from the 'django' logger and store it on the class's
     logger_output attribute.
diff --git a/django/urls/resolvers.py b/django/urls/resolvers.py
index 7e344896af..36586feab0 100644
--- a/django/urls/resolvers.py
+++ b/django/urls/resolvers.py
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ from .exceptions import NoReverseMatch, Resolver404
 from .utils import get_callable
 
 
-class ResolverMatch(object):
+class ResolverMatch:
     def __init__(self, func, args, kwargs, url_name=None, app_names=None, namespaces=None):
         self.func = func
         self.args = args
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ def get_ns_resolver(ns_pattern, resolver):
     return RegexURLResolver(r'^/', [ns_resolver])
 
 
-class LocaleRegexDescriptor(object):
+class LocaleRegexDescriptor:
     def __get__(self, instance, cls=None):
         """
         Return a compiled regular expression based on the active language.
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ class LocaleRegexDescriptor(object):
             )
 
 
-class LocaleRegexProvider(object):
+class LocaleRegexProvider:
     """
     A mixin to provide a default regex property which can vary by active
     language.
diff --git a/django/utils/archive.py b/django/utils/archive.py
index 456145a520..1dd3f9d660 100644
--- a/django/utils/archive.py
+++ b/django/utils/archive.py
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ def extract(path, to_path=''):
         archive.extract(to_path)
 
 
-class Archive(object):
+class Archive:
     """
     The external API class that encapsulates an archive implementation.
     """
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ class Archive(object):
         self._archive.close()
 
 
-class BaseArchive(object):
+class BaseArchive:
     """
     Base Archive class.  Implementations should inherit this class.
     """
diff --git a/django/utils/baseconv.py b/django/utils/baseconv.py
index 158f0b0d92..28099affae 100644
--- a/django/utils/baseconv.py
+++ b/django/utils/baseconv.py
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ BASE62_ALPHABET = '0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxy
 BASE64_ALPHABET = BASE62_ALPHABET + '-_'
 
 
-class BaseConverter(object):
+class BaseConverter:
     decimal_digits = '0123456789'
 
     def __init__(self, digits, sign='-'):
diff --git a/django/utils/datastructures.py b/django/utils/datastructures.py
index bb8166a734..a89af1780b 100644
--- a/django/utils/datastructures.py
+++ b/django/utils/datastructures.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import copy
 from collections import OrderedDict
 
 
-class OrderedSet(object):
+class OrderedSet:
     """
     A set which keeps the ordering of the inserted items.
     Currently backs onto OrderedDict.
diff --git a/django/utils/dateformat.py b/django/utils/dateformat.py
index ded952df99..f55b97c2ed 100644
--- a/django/utils/dateformat.py
+++ b/django/utils/dateformat.py
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ re_formatchars = re.compile(r'(?<!\\)([aAbBcdDeEfFgGhHiIjlLmMnNoOPrsStTUuwWyYzZ]
 re_escaped = re.compile(r'\\(.)')
 
 
-class Formatter(object):
+class Formatter:
     def format(self, formatstr):
         pieces = []
         for i, piece in enumerate(re_formatchars.split(force_text(formatstr))):
diff --git a/django/utils/decorators.py b/django/utils/decorators.py
index 071028930f..3b2a002e7b 100644
--- a/django/utils/decorators.py
+++ b/django/utils/decorators.py
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ def make_middleware_decorator(middleware_class):
 if ContextDecorator is None:
     # ContextDecorator was introduced in Python 3.2
     # See https://docs.python.org/3/library/contextlib.html#contextlib.ContextDecorator
-    class ContextDecorator(object):
+    class ContextDecorator:
         """
         A base class that enables a context manager to also be used as a decorator.
         """
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ if ContextDecorator is None:
             return inner
 
 
-class classproperty(object):
+class classproperty:
     def __init__(self, method=None):
         self.fget = method
 
diff --git a/django/utils/deprecation.py b/django/utils/deprecation.py
index a37f2e3d69..2ef95bc343 100644
--- a/django/utils/deprecation.py
+++ b/django/utils/deprecation.py
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ class RemovedInDjango21Warning(DeprecationWarning):
 RemovedInNextVersionWarning = RemovedInDjango21Warning
 
 
-class warn_about_renamed_method(object):
+class warn_about_renamed_method:
     def __init__(self, class_name, old_method_name, new_method_name, deprecation_warning):
         self.class_name = class_name
         self.old_method_name = old_method_name
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ class DeprecationInstanceCheck(type):
         return super(DeprecationInstanceCheck, self).__instancecheck__(instance)
 
 
-class MiddlewareMixin(object):
+class MiddlewareMixin:
     def __init__(self, get_response=None):
         self.get_response = get_response
         super(MiddlewareMixin, self).__init__()
diff --git a/django/utils/feedgenerator.py b/django/utils/feedgenerator.py
index 33ef20e16b..4772acb1c9 100644
--- a/django/utils/feedgenerator.py
+++ b/django/utils/feedgenerator.py
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ def get_tag_uri(url, date):
     return 'tag:%s%s:%s/%s' % (bits.hostname, d, bits.path, bits.fragment)
 
 
-class SyndicationFeed(object):
+class SyndicationFeed:
     "Base class for all syndication feeds. Subclasses should provide write()"
     def __init__(self, title, link, description, language=None, author_email=None,
                  author_name=None, author_link=None, subtitle=None, categories=None,
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ class SyndicationFeed(object):
         return latest_date or datetime.datetime.utcnow().replace(tzinfo=utc)
 
 
-class Enclosure(object):
+class Enclosure:
     "Represents an RSS enclosure"
     def __init__(self, url, length, mime_type):
         "All args are expected to be Python Unicode objects"
diff --git a/django/utils/functional.py b/django/utils/functional.py
index 2eeffa0447..30e484eaa3 100644
--- a/django/utils/functional.py
+++ b/django/utils/functional.py
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ def curry(_curried_func, *args, **kwargs):
     return _curried
 
 
-class cached_property(object):
+class cached_property:
     """
     Decorator that converts a method with a single self argument into a
     property cached on the instance.
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ class cached_property(object):
         return res
 
 
-class Promise(object):
+class Promise:
     """
     This is just a base class for the proxy class created in
     the closure of the lazy function. It can be used to recognize
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ def new_method_proxy(func):
     return inner
 
 
-class LazyObject(object):
+class LazyObject:
     """
     A wrapper for another class that can be used to delay instantiation of the
     wrapped class.
diff --git a/django/utils/jslex.py b/django/utils/jslex.py
index 0958ac030c..98b5d56e9d 100644
--- a/django/utils/jslex.py
+++ b/django/utils/jslex.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 import re
 
 
-class Tok(object):
+class Tok:
     """
     A specification for a token class.
     """
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ def literals(choices, prefix="", suffix=""):
     return "|".join(prefix + re.escape(c) + suffix for c in choices.split())
 
 
-class Lexer(object):
+class Lexer:
     """
     A generic multi-state regex-based lexer.
     """
diff --git a/django/utils/safestring.py b/django/utils/safestring.py
index 609f8f45ac..fe5ca422c3 100644
--- a/django/utils/safestring.py
+++ b/django/utils/safestring.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ be interpreted by the HTML engine (e.g. '<') into the appropriate entities.
 from django.utils.functional import Promise, curry, wraps
 
 
-class SafeData(object):
+class SafeData:
     def __html__(self):
         """
         Returns the html representation of a string for interoperability.
diff --git a/django/utils/six.py b/django/utils/six.py
index b4038c72fa..95f16f58d9 100644
--- a/django/utils/six.py
+++ b/django/utils/six.py
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ else:
         MAXSIZE = int((1 << 31) - 1)
     else:
         # It's possible to have sizeof(long) != sizeof(Py_ssize_t).
-        class X(object):
+        class X:
 
             def __len__(self):
                 return 1 << 31
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ def _import_module(name):
     return sys.modules[name]
 
 
-class _LazyDescr(object):
+class _LazyDescr:
 
     def __init__(self, name):
         self.name = name
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ class MovedAttribute(_LazyDescr):
         return getattr(module, self.attr)
 
 
-class _SixMetaPathImporter(object):
+class _SixMetaPathImporter:
 
     """
     A meta path importer to import six.moves and its submodules.
@@ -550,7 +550,7 @@ else:
     def create_unbound_method(func, cls):
         return types.MethodType(func, None, cls)
 
-    class Iterator(object):
+    class Iterator:
 
         def next(self):
             return type(self).__next__(self)
diff --git a/django/utils/synch.py b/django/utils/synch.py
index c8ef2f07bd..d944bfd242 100644
--- a/django/utils/synch.py
+++ b/django/utils/synch.py
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import contextlib
 import threading
 
 
-class RWLock(object):
+class RWLock:
     """
     Classic implementation of reader-writer lock with preference to writers.
 
diff --git a/django/utils/text.py b/django/utils/text.py
index d716a0b345..20df82c85b 100644
--- a/django/utils/text.py
+++ b/django/utils/text.py
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ def compress_string(s):
     return zbuf.getvalue()
 
 
-class StreamingBuffer(object):
+class StreamingBuffer:
     def __init__(self):
         self.vals = []
 
diff --git a/django/utils/translation/__init__.py b/django/utils/translation/__init__.py
index 345015d994..4dc4c16c28 100644
--- a/django/utils/translation/__init__.py
+++ b/django/utils/translation/__init__.py
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ class TranslatorCommentWarning(SyntaxWarning):
 # replace the functions with their real counterparts (once we do access the
 # settings).
 
-class Trans(object):
+class Trans:
     """
     The purpose of this class is to store the actual translation function upon
     receiving the first call to that function. After this is done, changes to
diff --git a/django/utils/tree.py b/django/utils/tree.py
index 3eb3529354..2c8ab3fe1c 100644
--- a/django/utils/tree.py
+++ b/django/utils/tree.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import copy
 from django.utils.encoding import force_str, force_text
 
 
-class Node(object):
+class Node:
     """
     A single internal node in the tree graph. A Node should be viewed as a
     connection (the root) with the children being either leaf nodes or other
diff --git a/django/views/debug.py b/django/views/debug.py
index b457969427..28e0fe6eb2 100644
--- a/django/views/debug.py
+++ b/django/views/debug.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ HIDDEN_SETTINGS = re.compile('API|TOKEN|KEY|SECRET|PASS|SIGNATURE', flags=re.IGN
 CLEANSED_SUBSTITUTE = '********************'
 
 
-class CallableSettingWrapper(object):
+class CallableSettingWrapper:
     """ Object to wrap callable appearing in settings
 
     * Not to call in the debug page (#21345).
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ def get_exception_reporter_filter(request):
     return getattr(request, 'exception_reporter_filter', default_filter)
 
 
-class ExceptionReporterFilter(object):
+class ExceptionReporterFilter:
     """
     Base for all exception reporter filter classes. All overridable hooks
     contain lenient default behaviors.
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ class SafeExceptionReporterFilter(ExceptionReporterFilter):
         return cleansed.items()
 
 
-class ExceptionReporter(object):
+class ExceptionReporter:
     """
     A class to organize and coordinate reporting on exceptions.
     """
diff --git a/django/views/generic/base.py b/django/views/generic/base.py
index 668aef7760..4d4617c0a8 100644
--- a/django/views/generic/base.py
+++ b/django/views/generic/base.py
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ from django.utils.decorators import classonlymethod
 logger = logging.getLogger('django.request')
 
 
-class ContextMixin(object):
+class ContextMixin:
     """
     A default context mixin that passes the keyword arguments received by
     get_context_data as the template context.
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ class ContextMixin(object):
         return kwargs
 
 
-class View(object):
+class View:
     """
     Intentionally simple parent class for all views. Only implements
     dispatch-by-method and simple sanity checking.
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ class View(object):
         return [m.upper() for m in self.http_method_names if hasattr(self, m)]
 
 
-class TemplateResponseMixin(object):
+class TemplateResponseMixin:
     """
     A mixin that can be used to render a template.
     """
diff --git a/django/views/generic/dates.py b/django/views/generic/dates.py
index d03140a973..86a49f8bd3 100644
--- a/django/views/generic/dates.py
+++ b/django/views/generic/dates.py
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ from django.views.generic.list import (
 )
 
 
-class YearMixin(object):
+class YearMixin:
     """
     Mixin for views manipulating year-based data.
     """
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ class YearMixin(object):
         return date.replace(month=1, day=1)
 
 
-class MonthMixin(object):
+class MonthMixin:
     """
     Mixin for views manipulating month-based data.
     """
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ class MonthMixin(object):
         return date.replace(day=1)
 
 
-class DayMixin(object):
+class DayMixin:
     """
     Mixin for views manipulating day-based data.
     """
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ class DayMixin(object):
         return date
 
 
-class WeekMixin(object):
+class WeekMixin:
     """
     Mixin for views manipulating week-based data.
     """
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ class WeekMixin(object):
             raise ValueError("unknown week format: %s" % week_format)
 
 
-class DateMixin(object):
+class DateMixin:
     """
     Mixin class for views manipulating date-based data.
     """
diff --git a/django/views/generic/edit.py b/django/views/generic/edit.py
index 9b5bd38736..258d624812 100644
--- a/django/views/generic/edit.py
+++ b/django/views/generic/edit.py
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ class UpdateView(SingleObjectTemplateResponseMixin, BaseUpdateView):
     template_name_suffix = '_form'
 
 
-class DeletionMixin(object):
+class DeletionMixin:
     """
     A mixin providing the ability to delete objects
     """
diff --git a/tests/admin_docs/tests.py b/tests/admin_docs/tests.py
index 2a2f9d25e0..dfe6104a33 100644
--- a/tests/admin_docs/tests.py
+++ b/tests/admin_docs/tests.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ from django.contrib.auth.models import User
 from django.test import TestCase, modify_settings, override_settings
 
 
-class TestDataMixin(object):
+class TestDataMixin:
 
     @classmethod
     def setUpTestData(cls):
diff --git a/tests/admin_inlines/tests.py b/tests/admin_inlines/tests.py
index 6deba9b1c2..20fa9c0241 100644
--- a/tests/admin_inlines/tests.py
+++ b/tests/admin_inlines/tests.py
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ from .models import (
 INLINE_CHANGELINK_HTML = 'class="inlinechangelink">Change</a>'
 
 
-class TestDataMixin(object):
+class TestDataMixin:
 
     @classmethod
     def setUpTestData(cls):
diff --git a/tests/admin_ordering/tests.py b/tests/admin_ordering/tests.py
index 250b59dea8..77597d0fb5 100644
--- a/tests/admin_ordering/tests.py
+++ b/tests/admin_ordering/tests.py
@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@ from .models import (
 )
 
 
-class MockRequest(object):
+class MockRequest:
     pass
 
 
-class MockSuperUser(object):
+class MockSuperUser:
     def has_perm(self, perm):
         return True
 
diff --git a/tests/admin_utils/tests.py b/tests/admin_utils/tests.py
index 245334df4d..1c14615e71 100644
--- a/tests/admin_utils/tests.py
+++ b/tests/admin_utils/tests.py
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ class UtilsTests(SimpleTestCase):
         SIMPLE_FUNCTION = 'function'
         INSTANCE_ATTRIBUTE = 'attr'
 
-        class MockModelAdmin(object):
+        class MockModelAdmin:
             def get_admin_value(self, obj):
                 return ADMIN_METHOD
 
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ class UtilsTests(SimpleTestCase):
         )
         self.assertEqual(label_for_field('site_id', Article), 'Site id')
 
-        class MockModelAdmin(object):
+        class MockModelAdmin:
             def test_from_model(self, obj):
                 return "nothing"
             test_from_model.short_description = "not Really the Model"
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ class UtilsTests(SimpleTestCase):
     def test_label_for_property(self):
         # NOTE: cannot use @property decorator, because of
         # AttributeError: 'property' object has no attribute 'short_description'
-        class MockModelAdmin(object):
+        class MockModelAdmin:
             def my_property(self):
                 return "this if from property"
             my_property.short_description = 'property short description'
diff --git a/tests/admin_views/test_multidb.py b/tests/admin_views/test_multidb.py
index 102cf35a5d..0273b7aaef 100644
--- a/tests/admin_views/test_multidb.py
+++ b/tests/admin_views/test_multidb.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ from django.urls import reverse
 from .models import Book
 
 
-class Router(object):
+class Router:
     target_db = None
 
     def db_for_read(self, model, **hints):
diff --git a/tests/admin_views/tests.py b/tests/admin_views/tests.py
index 81b7e1f6a4..ae3ebdd54d 100644
--- a/tests/admin_views/tests.py
+++ b/tests/admin_views/tests.py
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ ERROR_MESSAGE = "Please enter the correct username and password \
 for a staff account. Note that both fields may be case-sensitive."
 
 
-class AdminFieldExtractionMixin(object):
+class AdminFieldExtractionMixin:
     """
     Helper methods for extracting data from AdminForm.
     """
diff --git a/tests/admin_widgets/tests.py b/tests/admin_widgets/tests.py
index ae8443565d..b9462498cc 100644
--- a/tests/admin_widgets/tests.py
+++ b/tests/admin_widgets/tests.py
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ from .models import (
 from .widgetadmin import site as widget_admin_site
 
 
-class TestDataMixin(object):
+class TestDataMixin:
 
     @classmethod
     def setUpTestData(cls):
diff --git a/tests/apps/apps.py b/tests/apps/apps.py
index 1096c1e4b8..d322b28f2b 100644
--- a/tests/apps/apps.py
+++ b/tests/apps/apps.py
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ class BadConfig(AppConfig):
     """This class doesn't supply the mandatory 'name' attribute."""
 
 
-class NotAConfig(object):
+class NotAConfig:
     name = 'apps'
 
 
diff --git a/tests/apps/tests.py b/tests/apps/tests.py
index 9576420b54..e270662436 100644
--- a/tests/apps/tests.py
+++ b/tests/apps/tests.py
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ class AppsTests(SimpleTestCase):
         self.assertListEqual(model_classes, [LazyA, LazyB, LazyB, LazyC, LazyA])
 
 
-class Stub(object):
+class Stub:
     def __init__(self, **kwargs):
         self.__dict__.update(kwargs)
 
diff --git a/tests/auth_tests/models/custom_user.py b/tests/auth_tests/models/custom_user.py
index 049ae85e5c..60fcc494c4 100644
--- a/tests/auth_tests/models/custom_user.py
+++ b/tests/auth_tests/models/custom_user.py
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ class CustomUser(AbstractBaseUser):
         return self.is_admin
 
 
-class RemoveGroupsAndPermissions(object):
+class RemoveGroupsAndPermissions:
     """
     A context manager to temporarily remove the groups and user_permissions M2M
     fields from the AbstractUser class, so they don't clash with the
diff --git a/tests/auth_tests/test_admin_multidb.py b/tests/auth_tests/test_admin_multidb.py
index 9d0d999739..122cb78876 100644
--- a/tests/auth_tests/test_admin_multidb.py
+++ b/tests/auth_tests/test_admin_multidb.py
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ from django.test import TestCase, mock, override_settings
 from django.urls import reverse
 
 
-class Router(object):
+class Router:
     target_db = None
 
     def db_for_read(self, model, **hints):
diff --git a/tests/auth_tests/test_auth_backends.py b/tests/auth_tests/test_auth_backends.py
index f06e825698..033df9c682 100644
--- a/tests/auth_tests/test_auth_backends.py
+++ b/tests/auth_tests/test_auth_backends.py
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ class CountingMD5PasswordHasher(MD5PasswordHasher):
         return super(CountingMD5PasswordHasher, self).encode(*args, **kwargs)
 
 
-class BaseModelBackendTest(object):
+class BaseModelBackendTest:
     """
     A base class for tests that need to validate the ModelBackend
     with different User models. Subclasses should define a class
@@ -319,11 +319,11 @@ class UUIDUserTests(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(UUIDUser.objects.get(pk=self.client.session[SESSION_KEY]), user)
 
 
-class TestObj(object):
+class TestObj:
     pass
 
 
-class SimpleRowlevelBackend(object):
+class SimpleRowlevelBackend:
     def has_perm(self, user, perm, obj=None):
         if not obj:
             return  # We only support row level perms
@@ -468,7 +468,7 @@ class InActiveUserBackendTest(TestCase):
         self.assertIs(self.user1.has_module_perms("app2"), False)
 
 
-class PermissionDeniedBackend(object):
+class PermissionDeniedBackend:
     """
     Always raises PermissionDenied in `authenticate`, `has_perm` and `has_module_perms`.
     """
@@ -573,7 +573,7 @@ class ChangedBackendSettingsTest(TestCase):
             self.assertTrue(user.is_anonymous)
 
 
-class TypeErrorBackend(object):
+class TypeErrorBackend:
     """
     Always raises TypeError.
     """
diff --git a/tests/auth_tests/test_auth_backends_deprecation.py b/tests/auth_tests/test_auth_backends_deprecation.py
index 6178936535..fc39d0be22 100644
--- a/tests/auth_tests/test_auth_backends_deprecation.py
+++ b/tests/auth_tests/test_auth_backends_deprecation.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ from django.contrib.auth import authenticate
 from django.test import SimpleTestCase, override_settings
 
 
-class NoRequestBackend(object):
+class NoRequestBackend:
     def authenticate(self, username=None, password=None):
         # Doesn't accept a request parameter.
         pass
diff --git a/tests/auth_tests/test_context_processors.py b/tests/auth_tests/test_context_processors.py
index 3857917860..d66b28cb9c 100644
--- a/tests/auth_tests/test_context_processors.py
+++ b/tests/auth_tests/test_context_processors.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ from django.test import SimpleTestCase, TestCase, override_settings
 from .settings import AUTH_MIDDLEWARE, AUTH_TEMPLATES
 
 
-class MockUser(object):
+class MockUser:
     def has_module_perms(self, perm):
         if perm == 'mockapp':
             return True
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ class PermWrapperTests(SimpleTestCase):
     """
     Test some details of the PermWrapper implementation.
     """
-    class EQLimiterObject(object):
+    class EQLimiterObject:
         """
         This object makes sure __eq__ will not be called endlessly.
         """
diff --git a/tests/auth_tests/test_decorators.py b/tests/auth_tests/test_decorators.py
index dc3482de22..55c422bdc6 100644
--- a/tests/auth_tests/test_decorators.py
+++ b/tests/auth_tests/test_decorators.py
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ class LoginRequiredTestCase(AuthViewsTestCase):
         """
         login_required is assignable to callable objects.
         """
-        class CallableView(object):
+        class CallableView:
             def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
                 pass
         login_required(CallableView())
diff --git a/tests/auth_tests/test_forms.py b/tests/auth_tests/test_forms.py
index c055b58042..ae6fa313de 100644
--- a/tests/auth_tests/test_forms.py
+++ b/tests/auth_tests/test_forms.py
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ from .models.with_integer_username import IntegerUsernameUser
 from .settings import AUTH_TEMPLATES
 
 
-class TestDataMixin(object):
+class TestDataMixin:
 
     @classmethod
     def setUpTestData(cls):
diff --git a/tests/auth_tests/test_management.py b/tests/auth_tests/test_management.py
index 4fd1563f84..12d029ffcd 100644
--- a/tests/auth_tests/test_management.py
+++ b/tests/auth_tests/test_management.py
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ def mock_inputs(inputs):
     return inner
 
 
-class MockTTY(object):
+class MockTTY:
     """
     A fake stdin object that pretends to be a TTY to be used in conjunction
     with mock_inputs.
@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@ class CreatesuperuserManagementCommandTestCase(TestCase):
         If the command is not called from a TTY, it should be skipped and a
         message should be displayed (#7423).
         """
-        class FakeStdin(object):
+        class FakeStdin:
             """A fake stdin object that has isatty() return False."""
             def isatty(self):
                 return False
diff --git a/tests/backends/tests.py b/tests/backends/tests.py
index 89afb20760..662cdc4140 100644
--- a/tests/backends/tests.py
+++ b/tests/backends/tests.py
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ class PostgreSQLTests(TestCase):
         """Test PostgreSQL version detection"""
 
         # Helper mocks
-        class CursorMock(object):
+        class CursorMock:
             "Very simple mock of DB-API cursor"
             def execute(self, arg):
                 pass
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ class PostgreSQLTests(TestCase):
             def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback):
                 pass
 
-        class OlderConnectionMock(object):
+        class OlderConnectionMock:
             "Mock of psycopg2 (< 2.0.12) connection"
             def cursor(self):
                 return CursorMock()
diff --git a/tests/builtin_server/tests.py b/tests/builtin_server/tests.py
index 2784571b0c..6e234c1ba4 100644
--- a/tests/builtin_server/tests.py
+++ b/tests/builtin_server/tests.py
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ from wsgiref import simple_server
 MAX_SOCKET_CHUNK_SIZE = 32 * 1024 * 1024  # 32 MB
 
 
-class ServerHandler(simple_server.ServerHandler, object):
+class ServerHandler(simple_server.ServerHandler):
     error_status = str("500 INTERNAL SERVER ERROR")
 
     def write(self, data):
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ class ServerHandler(simple_server.ServerHandler, object):
         return ['\n'.join(traceback.format_exception(*sys.exc_info()))]
 
 
-class DummyHandler(object):
+class DummyHandler:
     def log_request(self, *args, **kwargs):
         pass
 
diff --git a/tests/cache/closeable_cache.py b/tests/cache/closeable_cache.py
index 1ac868dde9..a9e99a62cd 100644
--- a/tests/cache/closeable_cache.py
+++ b/tests/cache/closeable_cache.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 from django.core.cache.backends.locmem import LocMemCache
 
 
-class CloseHookMixin(object):
+class CloseHookMixin:
     closed = False
 
     def close(self, **kwargs):
diff --git a/tests/cache/liberal_backend.py b/tests/cache/liberal_backend.py
index 339066b0ff..93dc39a0d7 100644
--- a/tests/cache/liberal_backend.py
+++ b/tests/cache/liberal_backend.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 from django.core.cache.backends.locmem import LocMemCache
 
 
-class LiberalKeyValidationMixin(object):
+class LiberalKeyValidationMixin:
     def validate_key(self, key):
         pass
 
diff --git a/tests/cache/tests.py b/tests/cache/tests.py
index dd886cd11b..bfceff9b02 100644
--- a/tests/cache/tests.py
+++ b/tests/cache/tests.py
@@ -56,12 +56,12 @@ class C:
         return 24
 
 
-class Unpicklable(object):
+class Unpicklable:
     def __getstate__(self):
         raise pickle.PickleError()
 
 
-class UnpicklableType(object):
+class UnpicklableType:
     # Unpicklable using the default pickling protocol on Python 2.
     __slots__ = 'a',
 
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ def caches_setting_for_tests(base=None, exclude=None, **params):
     return setting
 
 
-class BaseCacheTests(object):
+class BaseCacheTests:
     # A common set of tests to apply to all cache backends
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -1010,7 +1010,7 @@ class DBCacheWithTimeZoneTests(DBCacheTests):
     pass
 
 
-class DBCacheRouter(object):
+class DBCacheRouter:
     """A router that puts the cache table on the 'other' database."""
 
     def db_for_read(self, model, **hints):
@@ -1061,7 +1061,7 @@ class CreateCacheTableForDBCacheTests(TestCase):
                                     verbosity=0, interactive=False)
 
 
-class PicklingSideEffect(object):
+class PicklingSideEffect:
 
     def __init__(self, cache):
         self.cache = cache
diff --git a/tests/check_framework/test_multi_db.py b/tests/check_framework/test_multi_db.py
index f273d397e2..700553f47b 100644
--- a/tests/check_framework/test_multi_db.py
+++ b/tests/check_framework/test_multi_db.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ from django.test import TestCase, mock
 from django.test.utils import isolate_apps, override_settings
 
 
-class TestRouter(object):
+class TestRouter:
     """
     Routes to the 'other' database if the model name starts with 'Other'.
     """
diff --git a/tests/check_framework/tests.py b/tests/check_framework/tests.py
index 30e1353dc0..46e4095a38 100644
--- a/tests/check_framework/tests.py
+++ b/tests/check_framework/tests.py
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ from django.utils.encoding import force_text
 from .models import SimpleModel, my_check
 
 
-class DummyObj(object):
+class DummyObj:
     def __repr__(self):
         return "obj"
 
diff --git a/tests/contenttypes_tests/tests.py b/tests/contenttypes_tests/tests.py
index c91c265eaf..0ae2ddbb64 100644
--- a/tests/contenttypes_tests/tests.py
+++ b/tests/contenttypes_tests/tests.py
@@ -432,7 +432,7 @@ class UpdateContentTypesTests(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(ContentType.objects.count(), self.before_count + 1)
 
 
-class TestRouter(object):
+class TestRouter:
     def db_for_read(self, model, **hints):
         return 'other'
 
diff --git a/tests/csrf_tests/tests.py b/tests/csrf_tests/tests.py
index 49247b7af8..f68b0f037b 100644
--- a/tests/csrf_tests/tests.py
+++ b/tests/csrf_tests/tests.py
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ class TestingHttpRequest(HttpRequest):
         return getattr(self, '_is_secure_override', False)
 
 
-class CsrfViewMiddlewareTestMixin(object):
+class CsrfViewMiddlewareTestMixin:
     """
     Shared methods and tests for session-based and cookie-based tokens.
     """
diff --git a/tests/custom_lookups/tests.py b/tests/custom_lookups/tests.py
index e66a280e16..7b8cca6646 100644
--- a/tests/custom_lookups/tests.py
+++ b/tests/custom_lookups/tests.py
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ class Exactly(models.lookups.Exact):
         return connection.operators['exact'] % rhs
 
 
-class SQLFuncMixin(object):
+class SQLFuncMixin:
     def as_sql(self, compiler, connection):
         return '%s()', [self.name]
 
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ class SQLFuncTransform(SQLFuncMixin, models.Transform):
         self.name = name
 
 
-class SQLFuncFactory(object):
+class SQLFuncFactory:
 
     def __init__(self, key, name):
         self.key = key
diff --git a/tests/custom_pk/fields.py b/tests/custom_pk/fields.py
index fa61a72a0d..2be2288ed8 100644
--- a/tests/custom_pk/fields.py
+++ b/tests/custom_pk/fields.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import string
 from django.db import models
 
 
-class MyWrapper(object):
+class MyWrapper:
     def __init__(self, value):
         self.value = value
 
diff --git a/tests/decorators/tests.py b/tests/decorators/tests.py
index 851c2b8daa..c2116a05ce 100644
--- a/tests/decorators/tests.py
+++ b/tests/decorators/tests.py
@@ -109,10 +109,10 @@ class DecoratorsTest(TestCase):
         callback = user_passes_test(test1)(callback)
         callback = user_passes_test(test2)(callback)
 
-        class DummyUser(object):
+        class DummyUser:
             pass
 
-        class DummyRequest(object):
+        class DummyRequest:
             pass
 
         request = DummyRequest()
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ def myattr2_dec(func):
 myattr2_dec_m = method_decorator(myattr2_dec)
 
 
-class ClsDec(object):
+class ClsDec:
     def __init__(self, myattr):
         self.myattr = myattr
 
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ class MethodDecoratorTests(SimpleTestCase):
     Tests for method_decorator
     """
     def test_preserve_signature(self):
-        class Test(object):
+        class Test:
             @simple_dec_m
             def say(self, arg):
                 return arg
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ class MethodDecoratorTests(SimpleTestCase):
         self.assertIs(getattr(func, 'myattr2', False), True)
 
         # Decorate using method_decorator() on the method.
-        class TestPlain(object):
+        class TestPlain:
             @myattr_dec_m
             @myattr2_dec_m
             def method(self):
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ class MethodDecoratorTests(SimpleTestCase):
         # The decorators applied to the methods are applied before the ones
         # applied to the class.
         @method_decorator(myattr_dec_m, "method")
-        class TestMethodAndClass(object):
+        class TestMethodAndClass:
             @method_decorator(myattr2_dec_m)
             def method(self):
                 "A method"
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ class MethodDecoratorTests(SimpleTestCase):
         decorators = (myattr_dec_m, myattr2_dec_m)
 
         @method_decorator(decorators, "method")
-        class TestIterable(object):
+        class TestIterable:
             def method(self):
                 "A method"
                 pass
@@ -259,14 +259,14 @@ class MethodDecoratorTests(SimpleTestCase):
         # The rest of the exception message differs between Python 2 and 3.
         with self.assertRaisesMessage(TypeError, "'set' object"):
             @method_decorator(decorators, "method")
-            class TestIterable(object):
+            class TestIterable:
                 def method(self):
                     "A method"
                     pass
 
     # Test for argumented decorator
     def test_argumented(self):
-        class Test(object):
+        class Test:
             @method_decorator(ClsDec(False))
             def method(self):
                 return True
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ class MethodDecoratorTests(SimpleTestCase):
 
         method_dec = method_decorator(original_dec)
 
-        class bound_wrapper(object):
+        class bound_wrapper:
             def __init__(self, wrapped):
                 self.wrapped = wrapped
                 self.__name__ = wrapped.__name__
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ class MethodDecoratorTests(SimpleTestCase):
             def __get__(self, instance, cls=None):
                 return self
 
-        class descriptor_wrapper(object):
+        class descriptor_wrapper:
             def __init__(self, wrapped):
                 self.wrapped = wrapped
                 self.__name__ = wrapped.__name__
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ class MethodDecoratorTests(SimpleTestCase):
             def __get__(self, instance, cls=None):
                 return bound_wrapper(self.wrapped.__get__(instance, cls))
 
-        class Test(object):
+        class Test:
             @method_dec
             @descriptor_wrapper
             def method(self, arg):
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ class MethodDecoratorTests(SimpleTestCase):
             return _wrapper
 
         @method_decorator(deco, name="method")
-        class Test(object):
+        class Test:
             def method(self):
                 return False
 
@@ -349,11 +349,11 @@ class MethodDecoratorTests(SimpleTestCase):
         decorators = (add_exclamation_mark, add_question_mark)
 
         @method_decorator(decorators, name="method")
-        class TestFirst(object):
+        class TestFirst:
             def method(self):
                 return "hello world"
 
-        class TestSecond(object):
+        class TestSecond:
             @method_decorator(decorators)
             def method(self):
                 return "hello world"
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ class MethodDecoratorTests(SimpleTestCase):
         )
         with self.assertRaisesMessage(TypeError, msg):
             @method_decorator(lambda: None, name="prop")
-            class Test(object):
+            class Test:
                 prop = 1
 
                 @classmethod
@@ -388,7 +388,7 @@ class MethodDecoratorTests(SimpleTestCase):
         )
         with self.assertRaisesMessage(ValueError, msg):
             @method_decorator(lambda: None, name="non_existing_method")
-            class Test(object):
+            class Test:
                 @classmethod
                 def __module__(cls):
                     return "tests"
diff --git a/tests/defer/tests.py b/tests/defer/tests.py
index 0eea9545dd..6badd7056e 100644
--- a/tests/defer/tests.py
+++ b/tests/defer/tests.py
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ from .models import (
 )
 
 
-class AssertionMixin(object):
+class AssertionMixin:
     def assert_delayed(self, obj, num):
         """
         Instances with deferred fields look the same as normal instances when
diff --git a/tests/deprecation/tests.py b/tests/deprecation/tests.py
index 5c2361f7a0..220010d909 100644
--- a/tests/deprecation/tests.py
+++ b/tests/deprecation/tests.py
@@ -140,11 +140,11 @@ class RenameMethodsTests(SimpleTestCase):
                 def new(self):
                     pass
 
-            class RenamedMixin(object):
+            class RenamedMixin:
                 def new(self):
                     super(RenamedMixin, self).new()
 
-            class DeprecatedMixin(object):
+            class DeprecatedMixin:
                 def old(self):
                     super(DeprecatedMixin, self).old()
 
diff --git a/tests/dispatch/tests.py b/tests/dispatch/tests.py
index d36dde9720..04fb39454d 100644
--- a/tests/dispatch/tests.py
+++ b/tests/dispatch/tests.py
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ def receiver_1_arg(val, **kwargs):
     return val
 
 
-class Callable(object):
+class Callable:
     def __call__(self, val, **kwargs):
         return val
 
diff --git a/tests/files/tests.py b/tests/files/tests.py
index 50db4b7436..4515b1cab1 100644
--- a/tests/files/tests.py
+++ b/tests/files/tests.py
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ class DimensionClosingBug(unittest.TestCase):
         # get_image_dimensions will call our catching_open instead of the
         # regular builtin one.
 
-        class FileWrapper(object):
+        class FileWrapper:
             _closed = []
 
             def __init__(self, f):
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/tests.py b/tests/fixtures/tests.py
index 51d8eef51b..ca60dd70e8 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/tests.py
+++ b/tests/fixtures/tests.py
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ class SubclassTestCaseFixtureLoadingTests(TestCaseFixtureLoadingTests):
         self.assertEqual(Article.objects.count(), 0)
 
 
-class DumpDataAssertMixin(object):
+class DumpDataAssertMixin:
 
     def _dumpdata_assert(self, args, output, format='json', filename=None,
                          natural_foreign_keys=False, natural_primary_keys=False,
diff --git a/tests/flatpages_tests/test_middleware.py b/tests/flatpages_tests/test_middleware.py
index dd1d9e02f7..b7ca196db1 100644
--- a/tests/flatpages_tests/test_middleware.py
+++ b/tests/flatpages_tests/test_middleware.py
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ from django.test import TestCase, modify_settings, override_settings
 from .settings import FLATPAGES_TEMPLATES
 
 
-class TestDataMixin(object):
+class TestDataMixin:
 
     @classmethod
     def setUpTestData(cls):
diff --git a/tests/flatpages_tests/test_views.py b/tests/flatpages_tests/test_views.py
index a5104ce620..42d3e2e8cc 100644
--- a/tests/flatpages_tests/test_views.py
+++ b/tests/flatpages_tests/test_views.py
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ from django.test import TestCase, modify_settings, override_settings
 from .settings import FLATPAGES_TEMPLATES
 
 
-class TestDataMixin(object):
+class TestDataMixin:
 
     @classmethod
     def setUpTestData(cls):
diff --git a/tests/foreign_object/models/article.py b/tests/foreign_object/models/article.py
index e5c0c1f673..940ec003fb 100644
--- a/tests/foreign_object/models/article.py
+++ b/tests/foreign_object/models/article.py
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ class ArticleTranslationDescriptor(ForwardManyToOneDescriptor):
             setattr(value, self.field.related.get_cache_name(), instance)
 
 
-class ColConstraint(object):
+class ColConstraint:
     # Anything with as_sql() method works in get_extra_restriction().
     def __init__(self, alias, col, value):
         self.alias, self.col, self.value = alias, col, value
diff --git a/tests/forms_tests/field_tests/__init__.py b/tests/forms_tests/field_tests/__init__.py
index b984c6fb40..4aae30282b 100644
--- a/tests/forms_tests/field_tests/__init__.py
+++ b/tests/forms_tests/field_tests/__init__.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 from django import forms
 
 
-class FormFieldAssertionsMixin(object):
+class FormFieldAssertionsMixin:
 
     def assertWidgetRendersTo(self, field, to):
         class Form(forms.Form):
diff --git a/tests/forms_tests/field_tests/test_base.py b/tests/forms_tests/field_tests/test_base.py
index 67c3003393..721c0a935a 100644
--- a/tests/forms_tests/field_tests/test_base.py
+++ b/tests/forms_tests/field_tests/test_base.py
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ class BasicFieldsTests(SimpleTestCase):
         self.assertFalse(Field(required=False).widget.is_required)
 
     def test_cooperative_multiple_inheritance(self):
-        class A(object):
+        class A:
             def __init__(self):
                 self.class_a_var = True
                 super(A, self).__init__()
diff --git a/tests/forms_tests/tests/test_error_messages.py b/tests/forms_tests/tests/test_error_messages.py
index 10c7a92f7d..40b085f55b 100644
--- a/tests/forms_tests/tests/test_error_messages.py
+++ b/tests/forms_tests/tests/test_error_messages.py
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe
 from ..models import ChoiceModel
 
 
-class AssertFormErrorsMixin(object):
+class AssertFormErrorsMixin:
     def assertFormErrors(self, expected, the_callable, *args, **kwargs):
         with self.assertRaises(ValidationError) as cm:
             the_callable(*args, **kwargs)
diff --git a/tests/forms_tests/tests/test_renderers.py b/tests/forms_tests/tests/test_renderers.py
index 2ce6be66af..df9c9cf367 100644
--- a/tests/forms_tests/tests/test_renderers.py
+++ b/tests/forms_tests/tests/test_renderers.py
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ except ImportError:
     jinja2 = None
 
 
-class SharedTests(object):
+class SharedTests:
     expected_widget_dir = 'templates'
 
     def test_installed_apps_template_found(self):
diff --git a/tests/forms_tests/widget_tests/test_clearablefileinput.py b/tests/forms_tests/widget_tests/test_clearablefileinput.py
index dd7f04d0ac..eea7054541 100644
--- a/tests/forms_tests/widget_tests/test_clearablefileinput.py
+++ b/tests/forms_tests/widget_tests/test_clearablefileinput.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ from django.forms import ClearableFileInput
 from .base import WidgetTest
 
 
-class FakeFieldFile(object):
+class FakeFieldFile:
     """
     Quacks like a FieldFile (has a .url and unicode representation), but
     doesn't require us to care about storages etc.
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ class ClearableFileInputTest(WidgetTest):
         A ClearableFileInput should escape name, filename, and URL
         when rendering HTML (#15182).
         """
-        class StrangeFieldFile(object):
+        class StrangeFieldFile:
             url = "something?chapter=1&sect=2&copy=3&lang=en"
 
             def __str__(self):
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ class ClearableFileInputTest(WidgetTest):
         A ClearableFileInput should not mask exceptions produced while
         checking that it has a value.
         """
-        class FailingURLFieldFile(object):
+        class FailingURLFieldFile:
             @property
             def url(self):
                 raise ValueError('Canary')
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ class ClearableFileInputTest(WidgetTest):
             self.widget.render('myfile', FailingURLFieldFile())
 
     def test_url_as_property(self):
-        class URLFieldFile(object):
+        class URLFieldFile:
             @property
             def url(self):
                 return 'https://www.python.org/'
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ class ClearableFileInputTest(WidgetTest):
         self.assertInHTML('<a href="https://www.python.org/">value</a>', html)
 
     def test_return_false_if_url_does_not_exists(self):
-        class NoURLFieldFile(object):
+        class NoURLFieldFile:
             def __str__(self):
                 return 'value'
 
diff --git a/tests/generic_inline_admin/tests.py b/tests/generic_inline_admin/tests.py
index 203d9d7f3e..26a53f9985 100644
--- a/tests/generic_inline_admin/tests.py
+++ b/tests/generic_inline_admin/tests.py
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ from .admin import MediaInline, MediaPermanentInline, site as admin_site
 from .models import Category, Episode, EpisodePermanent, Media, PhoneNumber
 
 
-class TestDataMixin(object):
+class TestDataMixin:
 
     @classmethod
     def setUpTestData(cls):
@@ -386,11 +386,11 @@ class NoInlineDeletionTest(SimpleTestCase):
         self.assertFalse(formset.can_delete)
 
 
-class MockRequest(object):
+class MockRequest:
     pass
 
 
-class MockSuperUser(object):
+class MockSuperUser:
     def has_perm(self, perm):
         return True
 
diff --git a/tests/generic_views/test_dates.py b/tests/generic_views/test_dates.py
index d18c818989..bf462b44fb 100644
--- a/tests/generic_views/test_dates.py
+++ b/tests/generic_views/test_dates.py
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ def _make_books(n, base_date):
             pubdate=base_date - datetime.timedelta(days=i))
 
 
-class TestDataMixin(object):
+class TestDataMixin:
 
     @classmethod
     def setUpTestData(cls):
diff --git a/tests/generic_views/views.py b/tests/generic_views/views.py
index b466f3a324..05d5ec2f00 100644
--- a/tests/generic_views/views.py
+++ b/tests/generic_views/views.py
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ class SpecializedAuthorDelete(generic.DeleteView):
     success_url = reverse_lazy('authors_list')
 
 
-class BookConfig(object):
+class BookConfig:
     queryset = Book.objects.all()
     date_field = 'pubdate'
 
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ class CustomSingleObjectView(generic.detail.SingleObjectMixin, generic.View):
     object = Book(name="dummy")
 
 
-class BookSigningConfig(object):
+class BookSigningConfig:
     model = BookSigning
     date_field = 'event_date'
     # use the same templates as for books
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ class BookSigningDetail(BookSigningConfig, generic.DateDetailView):
     context_object_name = 'book'
 
 
-class NonModel(object):
+class NonModel:
     id = "non_model_1"
 
     _meta = None
diff --git a/tests/get_object_or_404/tests.py b/tests/get_object_or_404/tests.py
index b5a233568d..fa3c0cb324 100644
--- a/tests/get_object_or_404/tests.py
+++ b/tests/get_object_or_404/tests.py
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ class GetObjectOr404Tests(TestCase):
         with self.assertRaisesMessage(ValueError, msg):
             get_object_or_404(str("Article"), title__icontains="Run")
 
-        class CustomClass(object):
+        class CustomClass:
             pass
 
         msg = "First argument to get_object_or_404() must be a Model, Manager, or QuerySet, not 'CustomClass'."
diff --git a/tests/gis_tests/gdal_tests/test_envelope.py b/tests/gis_tests/gdal_tests/test_envelope.py
index 8ea06ff426..b6cf4ab4f3 100644
--- a/tests/gis_tests/gdal_tests/test_envelope.py
+++ b/tests/gis_tests/gdal_tests/test_envelope.py
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ if HAS_GDAL:
     from django.contrib.gis.gdal import Envelope, GDALException
 
 
-class TestPoint(object):
+class TestPoint:
     def __init__(self, x, y):
         self.x = x
         self.y = y
diff --git a/tests/gis_tests/geo3d/tests.py b/tests/gis_tests/geo3d/tests.py
index e32611934a..72be664014 100644
--- a/tests/gis_tests/geo3d/tests.py
+++ b/tests/gis_tests/geo3d/tests.py
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ bbox_data = (
 )
 
 
-class Geo3DLoadingHelper(object):
+class Geo3DLoadingHelper:
     def _load_interstate_data(self):
         # Interstate (2D / 3D and Geographic/Projected variants)
         for name, line, exp_z in interstate_data:
diff --git a/tests/gis_tests/geos_tests/test_geos.py b/tests/gis_tests/geos_tests/test_geos.py
index f7024e790e..8626c4f200 100644
--- a/tests/gis_tests/geos_tests/test_geos.py
+++ b/tests/gis_tests/geos_tests/test_geos.py
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ class GEOSTest(SimpleTestCase, TestDataMixin):
         with self.assertRaises(GEOSException):
             GEOSGeometry(memoryview(b'0'))
 
-        class NotAGeometry(object):
+        class NotAGeometry:
             pass
 
         # Some other object
diff --git a/tests/gis_tests/layermap/tests.py b/tests/gis_tests/layermap/tests.py
index 0f59132b0d..ce4b0c90d5 100644
--- a/tests/gis_tests/layermap/tests.py
+++ b/tests/gis_tests/layermap/tests.py
@@ -318,7 +318,7 @@ class LayerMapTest(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(City.objects.all()[0].name, "Zürich")
 
 
-class OtherRouter(object):
+class OtherRouter:
     def db_for_read(self, model, **hints):
         return 'other'
 
diff --git a/tests/gis_tests/test_data.py b/tests/gis_tests/test_data.py
index 9e31b5a599..23df42c007 100644
--- a/tests/gis_tests/test_data.py
+++ b/tests/gis_tests/test_data.py
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ def get_ds_file(name, ext):
                         )
 
 
-class TestObj(object):
+class TestObj:
     """
     Base testing object, turns keyword args into attributes.
     """
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ class TestGeom(TestObj):
         super(TestGeom, self).__init__(**kwargs)
 
 
-class TestGeomSet(object):
+class TestGeomSet:
     """
     Each attribute of this object is a list of `TestGeom` instances.
     """
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ class TestGeomSet(object):
             setattr(self, key, [TestGeom(**strconvert(kw)) for kw in value])
 
 
-class TestDataMixin(object):
+class TestDataMixin:
     """
     Mixin used for GEOS/GDAL test cases that defines a `geometries`
     property, which returns and/or loads the reference geometry data.
diff --git a/tests/gis_tests/tests.py b/tests/gis_tests/tests.py
index 59b8fcf7b5..6b689cf9b0 100644
--- a/tests/gis_tests/tests.py
+++ b/tests/gis_tests/tests.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ except ImproperlyConfigured as e:
 
 
 if HAS_POSTGRES:
-    class FakeConnection(object):
+    class FakeConnection:
         def __init__(self):
             self.settings_dict = {
                 'NAME': 'test',
diff --git a/tests/handlers/tests_custom_error_handlers.py b/tests/handlers/tests_custom_error_handlers.py
index 04f58fbe2a..3821783f79 100644
--- a/tests/handlers/tests_custom_error_handlers.py
+++ b/tests/handlers/tests_custom_error_handlers.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ from django.template.response import TemplateResponse
 from django.test import SimpleTestCase, modify_settings, override_settings
 
 
-class MiddlewareAccessingContent(object):
+class MiddlewareAccessingContent:
     def __init__(self, get_response):
         self.get_response = get_response
 
diff --git a/tests/i18n/utils.py b/tests/i18n/utils.py
index c198afbc43..b2267cd3eb 100644
--- a/tests/i18n/utils.py
+++ b/tests/i18n/utils.py
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ def copytree(src, dst):
     shutil.copytree(src, dst, ignore=shutil.ignore_patterns('*.pyc', '__pycache__'))
 
 
-class POFileAssertionMixin(object):
+class POFileAssertionMixin:
 
     def _assertPoKeyword(self, keyword, expected_value, haystack, use_quotes=True):
         q = '"'
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ class POFileAssertionMixin(object):
         return self._assertPoKeyword('msgid', msgid, haystack, use_quotes=use_quotes)
 
 
-class RunInTmpDirMixin(object):
+class RunInTmpDirMixin:
     """
     Allow i18n tests that need to generate .po/.mo files to run in an isolated
     temporary filesystem tree created by tempfile.mkdtemp() that contains a
diff --git a/tests/invalid_models_tests/test_models.py b/tests/invalid_models_tests/test_models.py
index 7bb9497690..d35f9aa063 100644
--- a/tests/invalid_models_tests/test_models.py
+++ b/tests/invalid_models_tests/test_models.py
@@ -910,7 +910,7 @@ class OtherModelTests(SimpleTestCase):
             class Meta:
                 app_label = 'invalid_models_tests'
 
-        class DummyClass(object):
+        class DummyClass:
             def __call__(self, **kwargs):
                 pass
 
diff --git a/tests/invalid_models_tests/test_ordinary_fields.py b/tests/invalid_models_tests/test_ordinary_fields.py
index 61f93e8578..f1f1f07766 100644
--- a/tests/invalid_models_tests/test_ordinary_fields.py
+++ b/tests/invalid_models_tests/test_ordinary_fields.py
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ class CharFieldTests(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(errors, expected)
 
     def test_iterable_of_iterable_choices(self):
-        class ThingItem(object):
+        class ThingItem:
             def __init__(self, value, display):
                 self.value = value
                 self.display = display
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ class CharFieldTests(TestCase):
             def __len__(self):
                 return 2
 
-        class Things(object):
+        class Things:
             def __iter__(self):
                 return (x for x in [ThingItem(1, 2), ThingItem(3, 4)])
 
diff --git a/tests/logging_tests/tests.py b/tests/logging_tests/tests.py
index a91bcd66bf..6033cac289 100644
--- a/tests/logging_tests/tests.py
+++ b/tests/logging_tests/tests.py
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ class LoggingFiltersTest(SimpleTestCase):
             self.assertIs(filter_.filter("record is not used"), False)
 
 
-class SetupDefaultLoggingMixin(object):
+class SetupDefaultLoggingMixin:
 
     @classmethod
     def setUpClass(cls):
diff --git a/tests/mail/tests.py b/tests/mail/tests.py
index 77ea87fe7d..8ba4d64423 100644
--- a/tests/mail/tests.py
+++ b/tests/mail/tests.py
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ from django.utils.encoding import force_bytes, force_text
 from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy
 
 
-class HeadersCheckMixin(object):
+class HeadersCheckMixin:
 
     def assertMessageHasHeaders(self, message, headers):
         """
@@ -708,7 +708,7 @@ class PythonGlobalState(SimpleTestCase):
         self.assertIn(str('Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64'), txt.as_string())
 
 
-class BaseEmailBackendTests(HeadersCheckMixin, object):
+class BaseEmailBackendTests(HeadersCheckMixin):
     email_backend = None
 
     def setUp(self):
diff --git a/tests/messages_tests/base.py b/tests/messages_tests/base.py
index 889bcc043a..8082d468fe 100644
--- a/tests/messages_tests/base.py
+++ b/tests/messages_tests/base.py
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ class override_settings_tags(override_settings):
         base.LEVEL_TAGS = self.old_level_tags
 
 
-class BaseTests(object):
+class BaseTests:
     storage_class = default_storage
     levels = {
         'debug': constants.DEBUG,
diff --git a/tests/messages_tests/test_api.py b/tests/messages_tests/test_api.py
index 8baff57c70..3de6b81b7b 100644
--- a/tests/messages_tests/test_api.py
+++ b/tests/messages_tests/test_api.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ from django.contrib import messages
 from django.test import RequestFactory, SimpleTestCase
 
 
-class DummyStorage(object):
+class DummyStorage:
     """
     dummy message-store to test the api methods
     """
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ class ApiTests(SimpleTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(self.storage.store, [])
 
 
-class CustomRequest(object):
+class CustomRequest:
     def __init__(self, request):
         self._request = request
 
diff --git a/tests/middleware_exceptions/middleware.py b/tests/middleware_exceptions/middleware.py
index e704b9f2b5..49e5d43189 100644
--- a/tests/middleware_exceptions/middleware.py
+++ b/tests/middleware_exceptions/middleware.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ from django.template.response import TemplateResponse
 log = []
 
 
-class BaseMiddleware(object):
+class BaseMiddleware:
     def __init__(self, get_response):
         self.get_response = get_response
 
diff --git a/tests/middleware_exceptions/tests.py b/tests/middleware_exceptions/tests.py
index 230d062c88..0c39f09f91 100644
--- a/tests/middleware_exceptions/tests.py
+++ b/tests/middleware_exceptions/tests.py
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ class RootUrlconfTests(SimpleTestCase):
             self.client.get("/middleware_exceptions/view/")
 
 
-class MyMiddleware(object):
+class MyMiddleware:
 
     def __init__(self, get_response=None):
         raise MiddlewareNotUsed
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ class MyMiddleware(object):
         pass
 
 
-class MyMiddlewareWithExceptionMessage(object):
+class MyMiddlewareWithExceptionMessage:
 
     def __init__(self, get_response=None):
         raise MiddlewareNotUsed('spam eggs')
diff --git a/tests/migrate_signals/tests.py b/tests/migrate_signals/tests.py
index 97f449e805..563be2a82d 100644
--- a/tests/migrate_signals/tests.py
+++ b/tests/migrate_signals/tests.py
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ MIGRATE_VERBOSITY = 1
 MIGRATE_INTERACTIVE = False
 
 
-class Receiver(object):
+class Receiver:
     def __init__(self, signal):
         self.call_counter = 0
         self.call_args = None
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ class Receiver(object):
         self.call_args = kwargs
 
 
-class OneTimeReceiver(object):
+class OneTimeReceiver:
     """
     Special receiver for handle the fact that test runner calls migrate for
     several databases and several times for some of them.
diff --git a/tests/migrations/models.py b/tests/migrations/models.py
index 9a34edf349..51679e56bb 100644
--- a/tests/migrations/models.py
+++ b/tests/migrations/models.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ class UnicodeModel(models.Model):
         return self.title
 
 
-class Unserializable(object):
+class Unserializable:
     """
     An object that migration doesn't know how to serialize.
     """
diff --git a/tests/migrations/routers.py b/tests/migrations/routers.py
index 9857363937..21dfc561bd 100644
--- a/tests/migrations/routers.py
+++ b/tests/migrations/routers.py
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-class EmptyRouter(object):
+class EmptyRouter:
     pass
 
 
-class TestRouter(object):
+class TestRouter:
     def allow_migrate(self, db, app_label, model_name=None, **hints):
         """
         The Tribble model should be the only one to appear in the 'other' db.
diff --git a/tests/migrations/test_autodetector.py b/tests/migrations/test_autodetector.py
index e30aeb5d19..df35181d92 100644
--- a/tests/migrations/test_autodetector.py
+++ b/tests/migrations/test_autodetector.py
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ from django.test.utils import isolate_lru_cache
 from .models import FoodManager, FoodQuerySet
 
 
-class DeconstructibleObject(object):
+class DeconstructibleObject:
     """
     A custom deconstructible object.
     """
diff --git a/tests/migrations/test_executor.py b/tests/migrations/test_executor.py
index 60e7ec9771..d6cc802149 100644
--- a/tests/migrations/test_executor.py
+++ b/tests/migrations/test_executor.py
@@ -642,13 +642,13 @@ class ExecutorTests(MigrationTestBase):
         )
 
 
-class FakeLoader(object):
+class FakeLoader:
     def __init__(self, graph, applied):
         self.graph = graph
         self.applied_migrations = applied
 
 
-class FakeMigration(object):
+class FakeMigration:
     """Really all we need is any object with a debug-useful repr."""
     def __init__(self, name):
         self.name = name
diff --git a/tests/migrations/test_multidb.py b/tests/migrations/test_multidb.py
index c6ca4a844e..16cd8f33d1 100644
--- a/tests/migrations/test_multidb.py
+++ b/tests/migrations/test_multidb.py
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ except ImportError:
     sqlparse = None
 
 
-class AgnosticRouter(object):
+class AgnosticRouter:
     """
     A router that doesn't have an opinion regarding migrating.
     """
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ class AgnosticRouter(object):
         return None
 
 
-class MigrateNothingRouter(object):
+class MigrateNothingRouter:
     """
     A router that doesn't allow migrating.
     """
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class MigrateNothingRouter(object):
         return False
 
 
-class MigrateEverythingRouter(object):
+class MigrateEverythingRouter:
     """
     A router that always allows migrating.
     """
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ class MigrateEverythingRouter(object):
         return True
 
 
-class MigrateWhenFooRouter(object):
+class MigrateWhenFooRouter:
     """
     A router that allows migrating depending on a hint.
     """
diff --git a/tests/migrations/test_operations.py b/tests/migrations/test_operations.py
index f962f9cf8c..7943b59a44 100644
--- a/tests/migrations/test_operations.py
+++ b/tests/migrations/test_operations.py
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ except ImportError:
     sqlparse = None
 
 
-class Mixin(object):
+class Mixin:
     pass
 
 
diff --git a/tests/migrations/test_writer.py b/tests/migrations/test_writer.py
index fb16b441d1..ff5e22ac5e 100644
--- a/tests/migrations/test_writer.py
+++ b/tests/migrations/test_writer.py
@@ -485,7 +485,7 @@ class WriterTests(SimpleTestCase):
         """
         Neither py2 or py3 can serialize a reference in a local scope.
         """
-        class TestModel2(object):
+        class TestModel2:
             def upload_to(self):
                 return "somewhere dynamic"
             thing = models.FileField(upload_to=upload_to)
@@ -496,7 +496,7 @@ class WriterTests(SimpleTestCase):
         """
         Make sure user is seeing which module/function is the issue
         """
-        class TestModel2(object):
+        class TestModel2:
             def upload_to(self):
                 return "somewhere dynamic"
             thing = models.FileField(upload_to=upload_to)
@@ -671,7 +671,7 @@ class WriterTests(SimpleTestCase):
         # Yes, it doesn't make sense to use a class as a default for a
         # CharField. It does make sense for custom fields though, for example
         # an enumfield that takes the enum class as an argument.
-        class DeconstructibleInstances(object):
+        class DeconstructibleInstances:
             def deconstruct(self):
                 return ('DeconstructibleInstances', [], {})
 
diff --git a/tests/model_forms/tests.py b/tests/model_forms/tests.py
index adb90d6d14..da28fcc7d6 100644
--- a/tests/model_forms/tests.py
+++ b/tests/model_forms/tests.py
@@ -2721,7 +2721,7 @@ class ModelFormInheritanceTests(SimpleTestCase):
                 model = Writer
                 fields = '__all__'
 
-        class Mixin(object):
+        class Mixin:
             age = None
 
         class Form(forms.Form):
diff --git a/tests/model_formsets_regress/tests.py b/tests/model_formsets_regress/tests.py
index 5bad8a741a..64d933f90c 100644
--- a/tests/model_formsets_regress/tests.py
+++ b/tests/model_formsets_regress/tests.py
@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ class UserSiteForm(forms.ModelForm):
         localized_fields = ('data',)
 
 
-class Callback(object):
+class Callback:
 
     def __init__(self):
         self.log = []
diff --git a/tests/model_inheritance/models.py b/tests/model_inheritance/models.py
index 44bf752d00..62003f032e 100644
--- a/tests/model_inheritance/models.py
+++ b/tests/model_inheritance/models.py
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ class NamedURL(models.Model):
         abstract = True
 
 
-class Mixin(object):
+class Mixin:
     def __init__(self):
         self.other_attr = 1
         super(Mixin, self).__init__()
diff --git a/tests/model_inheritance/test_abstract_inheritance.py b/tests/model_inheritance/test_abstract_inheritance.py
index 6f0b89128b..d74cae7a3b 100644
--- a/tests/model_inheritance/test_abstract_inheritance.py
+++ b/tests/model_inheritance/test_abstract_inheritance.py
@@ -301,10 +301,10 @@ class AbstractInheritanceTests(TestCase):
             class Meta:
                 abstract = True
 
-        class Mixin(object):
+        class Mixin:
             age = None
 
-        class Mixin2(object):
+        class Mixin2:
             age = 2
 
         class DescendantMixin(Mixin):
diff --git a/tests/modeladmin/test_checks.py b/tests/modeladmin/test_checks.py
index 93b35ecf56..c90ed64958 100644
--- a/tests/modeladmin/test_checks.py
+++ b/tests/modeladmin/test_checks.py
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ class FieldsCheckTests(CheckTestCase):
 class FormCheckTests(CheckTestCase):
 
     def test_invalid_type(self):
-        class FakeForm(object):
+        class FakeForm:
             pass
 
         class TestModelAdmin(ModelAdmin):
@@ -578,7 +578,7 @@ class ListFilterTests(CheckTestCase):
         )
 
     def test_not_filter(self):
-        class RandomClass(object):
+        class RandomClass:
             pass
 
         class TestModelAdmin(ModelAdmin):
@@ -590,7 +590,7 @@ class ListFilterTests(CheckTestCase):
             'admin.E113')
 
     def test_not_filter_again(self):
-        class RandomClass(object):
+        class RandomClass:
             pass
 
         class TestModelAdmin(ModelAdmin):
@@ -869,7 +869,7 @@ class InlinesCheckTests(CheckTestCase):
         )
 
     def test_not_model_admin(self):
-        class ValidationTestInline(object):
+        class ValidationTestInline:
             pass
 
         class TestModelAdmin(ModelAdmin):
@@ -894,7 +894,7 @@ class InlinesCheckTests(CheckTestCase):
             'admin.E105')
 
     def test_invalid_model_type(self):
-        class SomethingBad(object):
+        class SomethingBad:
             pass
 
         class ValidationTestInline(TabularInline):
@@ -1034,7 +1034,7 @@ class MinNumCheckTests(CheckTestCase):
 class FormsetCheckTests(CheckTestCase):
 
     def test_invalid_type(self):
-        class FakeFormSet(object):
+        class FakeFormSet:
             pass
 
         class ValidationTestInline(TabularInline):
diff --git a/tests/modeladmin/tests.py b/tests/modeladmin/tests.py
index 12ca86ff1a..1cded986fa 100644
--- a/tests/modeladmin/tests.py
+++ b/tests/modeladmin/tests.py
@@ -14,11 +14,11 @@ from django.test import SimpleTestCase, TestCase
 from .models import Band, Concert
 
 
-class MockRequest(object):
+class MockRequest:
     pass
 
 
-class MockSuperUser(object):
+class MockSuperUser:
     def has_perm(self, perm):
         return True
 
@@ -589,7 +589,7 @@ class ModelAdminTests(TestCase):
 
 class ModelAdminPermissionTests(SimpleTestCase):
 
-    class MockUser(object):
+    class MockUser:
         def has_module_perms(self, app_label):
             if app_label == "modeladmin":
                 return True
diff --git a/tests/multiple_database/routers.py b/tests/multiple_database/routers.py
index e51c82b858..cb12a907c9 100644
--- a/tests/multiple_database/routers.py
+++ b/tests/multiple_database/routers.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 from django.db import DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS
 
 
-class TestRouter(object):
+class TestRouter:
     """
     Vaguely behave like primary/replica, but the databases aren't assumed to
     propagate changes.
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ class TestRouter(object):
         return True
 
 
-class AuthRouter(object):
+class AuthRouter:
     """
     Control all database operations on models in the contrib.auth application.
     """
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ class AuthRouter(object):
         return None
 
 
-class WriteRouter(object):
+class WriteRouter:
     # A router that only expresses an opinion on writes
     def db_for_write(self, model, **hints):
         return 'writer'
diff --git a/tests/multiple_database/tests.py b/tests/multiple_database/tests.py
index 3487894fd9..ec04a37e2f 100644
--- a/tests/multiple_database/tests.py
+++ b/tests/multiple_database/tests.py
@@ -1529,7 +1529,7 @@ class AuthTestCase(TestCase):
         self.assertIn('"email": "alice@example.com"', command_output)
 
 
-class AntiPetRouter(object):
+class AntiPetRouter:
     # A router that only expresses an opinion on migrate,
     # passing pets to the 'other' database
 
@@ -1590,7 +1590,7 @@ class PickleQuerySetTestCase(TestCase):
             self.assertEqual(qs.db, pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(qs)).db)
 
 
-class DatabaseReceiver(object):
+class DatabaseReceiver:
     """
     Used in the tests for the database argument in signals (#13552)
     """
@@ -1598,7 +1598,7 @@ class DatabaseReceiver(object):
         self._database = kwargs['using']
 
 
-class WriteToOtherRouter(object):
+class WriteToOtherRouter:
     """
     A router that sends all writes to the other database.
     """
@@ -1698,7 +1698,7 @@ class SignalTests(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(receiver._database, "other")
 
 
-class AttributeErrorRouter(object):
+class AttributeErrorRouter:
     "A router to test the exception handling of ConnectionRouter"
     def db_for_read(self, model, **hints):
         raise AttributeError
@@ -1751,7 +1751,7 @@ class RouterAttributeErrorTestCase(TestCase):
                 b.authors.set([p])
 
 
-class ModelMetaRouter(object):
+class ModelMetaRouter:
     "A router to ensure model arguments are real model classes"
     def db_for_write(self, model, **hints):
         if not hasattr(model, '_meta'):
@@ -1785,7 +1785,7 @@ class RouterModelArgumentTestCase(TestCase):
         person.delete()
 
 
-class SyncOnlyDefaultDatabaseRouter(object):
+class SyncOnlyDefaultDatabaseRouter:
     def allow_migrate(self, db, app_label, **hints):
         return db == DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS
 
@@ -1828,7 +1828,7 @@ class RouterUsed(Exception):
 class RouteForWriteTestCase(TestCase):
     multi_db = True
 
-    class WriteCheckRouter(object):
+    class WriteCheckRouter:
         def db_for_write(self, model, **hints):
             raise RouterUsed(mode=RouterUsed.WRITE, model=model, hints=hints)
 
diff --git a/tests/order_with_respect_to/base_tests.py b/tests/order_with_respect_to/base_tests.py
index ad8925bf88..3ca7ada800 100644
--- a/tests/order_with_respect_to/base_tests.py
+++ b/tests/order_with_respect_to/base_tests.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ reference any models directly. Subclasses should inherit django.test.TestCase.
 from operator import attrgetter
 
 
-class BaseOrderWithRespectToTests(object):
+class BaseOrderWithRespectToTests:
     # Hook to allow subclasses to run these tests with alternate models.
     Answer = None
     Post = None
diff --git a/tests/pagination/tests.py b/tests/pagination/tests.py
index 2e2e2d37db..4aaaa3c3de 100644
--- a/tests/pagination/tests.py
+++ b/tests/pagination/tests.py
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ class PaginationTests(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(paginator.validate_number(1), 1)
 
     def test_paginate_misc_classes(self):
-        class CountContainer(object):
+        class CountContainer:
             def count(self):
                 return 42
         # Paginator can be passed other objects with a count() method.
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ class PaginationTests(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], list(paginator.page_range))
 
         # Paginator can be passed other objects that implement __len__.
-        class LenContainer(object):
+        class LenContainer:
             def __len__(self):
                 return 42
         paginator = Paginator(LenContainer(), 10)
diff --git a/tests/postgres_tests/models.py b/tests/postgres_tests/models.py
index 2a0d69b21a..a77fc4b152 100644
--- a/tests/postgres_tests/models.py
+++ b/tests/postgres_tests/models.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ from .fields import (
 )
 
 
-class Tag(object):
+class Tag:
     def __init__(self, tag_id):
         self.tag_id = tag_id
 
diff --git a/tests/postgres_tests/test_search.py b/tests/postgres_tests/test_search.py
index 0bf2df50f1..2108beb181 100644
--- a/tests/postgres_tests/test_search.py
+++ b/tests/postgres_tests/test_search.py
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ from . import PostgreSQLTestCase
 from .models import Character, Line, Scene
 
 
-class GrailTestData(object):
+class GrailTestData:
 
     @classmethod
     def setUpTestData(cls):
diff --git a/tests/queries/tests.py b/tests/queries/tests.py
index 1f9094e49f..4107dada0e 100644
--- a/tests/queries/tests.py
+++ b/tests/queries/tests.py
@@ -2862,11 +2862,11 @@ class ProxyQueryCleanupTest(TestCase):
 
 
 class WhereNodeTest(TestCase):
-    class DummyNode(object):
+    class DummyNode:
         def as_sql(self, compiler, connection):
             return 'dummy', []
 
-    class MockCompiler(object):
+    class MockCompiler:
         def compile(self, node):
             return node.as_sql(self, connection)
 
diff --git a/tests/queryset_pickle/models.py b/tests/queryset_pickle/models.py
index 4faad0175b..dbd570a30b 100644
--- a/tests/queryset_pickle/models.py
+++ b/tests/queryset_pickle/models.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ def standalone_number():
     return 1
 
 
-class Numbers(object):
+class Numbers:
     @staticmethod
     def get_static_number():
         return 2
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ class Happening(models.Model):
     number2 = models.IntegerField(blank=True, default=Numbers.get_static_number)
 
 
-class Container(object):
+class Container:
     # To test pickling we need a class that isn't defined on module, but
     # is still available from app-cache. So, the Container class moves
     # SomeModel outside of module level
diff --git a/tests/serializers/models/base.py b/tests/serializers/models/base.py
index 9421578478..78d832140f 100644
--- a/tests/serializers/models/base.py
+++ b/tests/serializers/models/base.py
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ class Score(models.Model):
     score = models.FloatField()
 
 
-class Team(object):
+class Team:
     def __init__(self, title):
         self.title = title
 
diff --git a/tests/serializers/test_yaml.py b/tests/serializers/test_yaml.py
index 542c28fb2e..5a9fa5e873 100644
--- a/tests/serializers/test_yaml.py
+++ b/tests/serializers/test_yaml.py
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ except ImportError:
 YAML_IMPORT_ERROR_MESSAGE = r'No module named yaml'
 
 
-class YamlImportModuleMock(object):
+class YamlImportModuleMock:
     """Provides a wrapped import_module function to simulate yaml ImportError
 
     In order to run tests that verify the behavior of the YAML serializer
diff --git a/tests/serializers/tests.py b/tests/serializers/tests.py
index 5c30d66082..5750c146a2 100644
--- a/tests/serializers/tests.py
+++ b/tests/serializers/tests.py
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ class SerializerRegistrationTests(SimpleTestCase):
             serializers.get_deserializer("nonsense")
 
 
-class SerializersTestBase(object):
+class SerializersTestBase:
     serializer_name = None  # Set by subclasses to the serialization format name
 
     @staticmethod
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ class SerializersTestBase(object):
 class SerializerAPITests(SimpleTestCase):
 
     def test_stream_class(self):
-        class File(object):
+        class File:
             def __init__(self):
                 self.lines = []
 
@@ -369,7 +369,7 @@ class SerializerAPITests(SimpleTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(data, '[{"model": "serializers.score", "pk": 1, "fields": {"score": 3.4}}]')
 
 
-class SerializersTransactionTestBase(object):
+class SerializersTransactionTestBase:
 
     available_apps = ['serializers']
 
diff --git a/tests/servers/test_basehttp.py b/tests/servers/test_basehttp.py
index cd9bcd2e86..cf0f8ac41b 100644
--- a/tests/servers/test_basehttp.py
+++ b/tests/servers/test_basehttp.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ from django.test.client import RequestFactory
 from django.test.utils import patch_logger
 
 
-class Stub(object):
+class Stub:
     def __init__(self, **kwargs):
         self.__dict__.update(kwargs)
 
diff --git a/tests/sessions_tests/tests.py b/tests/sessions_tests/tests.py
index 29de5782d9..d4a486b90e 100644
--- a/tests/sessions_tests/tests.py
+++ b/tests/sessions_tests/tests.py
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ from django.utils.encoding import force_text
 from .models import SessionStore as CustomDatabaseSession
 
 
-class SessionTestsMixin(object):
+class SessionTestsMixin:
     # This does not inherit from TestCase to avoid any tests being run with this
     # class, which wouldn't work, and to allow different TestCase subclasses to
     # be used.
diff --git a/tests/signals/tests.py b/tests/signals/tests.py
index 88572ad44f..0c1c885dc4 100644
--- a/tests/signals/tests.py
+++ b/tests/signals/tests.py
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ class SignalTests(BaseSignalTest):
             )
 
         # #8285: signals can be any callable
-        class PostDeleteHandler(object):
+        class PostDeleteHandler:
             def __init__(self, data):
                 self.data = data
 
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ class SignalTests(BaseSignalTest):
         dispatching.
         """
 
-        class Handler(object):
+        class Handler:
             def __init__(self, param):
                 self.param = param
                 self._run = False
diff --git a/tests/sites_tests/tests.py b/tests/sites_tests/tests.py
index 0179500f14..9e2d7ad4fc 100644
--- a/tests/sites_tests/tests.py
+++ b/tests/sites_tests/tests.py
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ class SitesFrameworkTests(TestCase):
             RequestSite(request).delete()
 
 
-class JustOtherRouter(object):
+class JustOtherRouter:
     def allow_migrate(self, db, app_label, **hints):
         return db == 'other'
 
diff --git a/tests/staticfiles_tests/cases.py b/tests/staticfiles_tests/cases.py
index 069402c6f6..537fbac6a0 100644
--- a/tests/staticfiles_tests/cases.py
+++ b/tests/staticfiles_tests/cases.py
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ from django.utils.encoding import force_text
 from .settings import TEST_SETTINGS
 
 
-class BaseStaticFilesMixin(object):
+class BaseStaticFilesMixin:
     """
     Test case with a couple utility assertions.
     """
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ class CollectionTestCase(BaseStaticFilesMixin, SimpleTestCase):
             return f.read()
 
 
-class TestDefaults(object):
+class TestDefaults:
     """
     A few standard test cases.
     """
diff --git a/tests/staticfiles_tests/test_finders.py b/tests/staticfiles_tests/test_finders.py
index 0f5cf5bea2..7df8c50a0d 100644
--- a/tests/staticfiles_tests/test_finders.py
+++ b/tests/staticfiles_tests/test_finders.py
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ from .cases import StaticFilesTestCase
 from .settings import TEST_ROOT
 
 
-class TestFinders(object):
+class TestFinders:
     """
     Base finder test mixin.
 
diff --git a/tests/staticfiles_tests/test_management.py b/tests/staticfiles_tests/test_management.py
index 310c152d06..f0160c60d8 100644
--- a/tests/staticfiles_tests/test_management.py
+++ b/tests/staticfiles_tests/test_management.py
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ from .settings import TEST_ROOT, TEST_SETTINGS
 from .storage import DummyStorage
 
 
-class TestNoFilesCreated(object):
+class TestNoFilesCreated:
 
     def test_no_files_created(self):
         """
diff --git a/tests/staticfiles_tests/test_storage.py b/tests/staticfiles_tests/test_storage.py
index e299feea78..c72100ccb1 100644
--- a/tests/staticfiles_tests/test_storage.py
+++ b/tests/staticfiles_tests/test_storage.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ def hashed_file_path(test, path):
     return fullpath.replace(settings.STATIC_URL, '')
 
 
-class TestHashedFiles(object):
+class TestHashedFiles:
     hashed_file_path = hashed_file_path
 
     def setUp(self):
diff --git a/tests/template_tests/filter_tests/test_floatformat.py b/tests/template_tests/filter_tests/test_floatformat.py
index 8474238f21..e0f7666ff0 100644
--- a/tests/template_tests/filter_tests/test_floatformat.py
+++ b/tests/template_tests/filter_tests/test_floatformat.py
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ class FunctionTests(SimpleTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(floatformat(nan), str(nan))
 
     def test_float_dunder_method(self):
-        class FloatWrapper(object):
+        class FloatWrapper:
             def __init__(self, value):
                 self.value = value
 
diff --git a/tests/template_tests/filter_tests/test_unordered_list.py b/tests/template_tests/filter_tests/test_unordered_list.py
index 659b1acc2b..b4d624345b 100644
--- a/tests/template_tests/filter_tests/test_unordered_list.py
+++ b/tests/template_tests/filter_tests/test_unordered_list.py
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ class FunctionTests(SimpleTestCase):
         )
 
     def test_ulitem(self):
-        class ULItem(object):
+        class ULItem:
             def __init__(self, title):
                 self.title = title
 
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ class FunctionTests(SimpleTestCase):
         )
 
     def test_ulitem_autoescape_off(self):
-        class ULItem(object):
+        class ULItem:
             def __init__(self, title):
                 self.title = title
 
diff --git a/tests/template_tests/test_callables.py b/tests/template_tests/test_callables.py
index 4cfb49db5c..6a361e8409 100644
--- a/tests/template_tests/test_callables.py
+++ b/tests/template_tests/test_callables.py
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ class CallableVariablesTests(TestCase):
 
     def test_callable(self):
 
-        class Doodad(object):
+        class Doodad:
             def __init__(self, value):
                 self.num_calls = 0
                 self.value = value
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ class CallableVariablesTests(TestCase):
 
     def test_alters_data(self):
 
-        class Doodad(object):
+        class Doodad:
             alters_data = True
 
             def __init__(self, value):
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ class CallableVariablesTests(TestCase):
 
     def test_do_not_call(self):
 
-        class Doodad(object):
+        class Doodad:
             do_not_call_in_templates = True
 
             def __init__(self, value):
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ class CallableVariablesTests(TestCase):
         # ``alters_data`` attribute will not make any difference in the
         # template system's behavior.
 
-        class Doodad(object):
+        class Doodad:
             do_not_call_in_templates = True
             alters_data = True
 
diff --git a/tests/template_tests/test_logging.py b/tests/template_tests/test_logging.py
index 9dd8046408..e03809d864 100644
--- a/tests/template_tests/test_logging.py
+++ b/tests/template_tests/test_logging.py
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ class VariableResolveLoggingTests(BaseTemplateLoggingTestCase):
     loglevel = logging.DEBUG
 
     def test_log_on_variable_does_not_exist_silent(self):
-        class TestObject(object):
+        class TestObject:
             class SilentDoesNotExist(Exception):
                 silent_variable_failure = True
 
diff --git a/tests/template_tests/utils.py b/tests/template_tests/utils.py
index 187d259f36..8ee66a6523 100644
--- a/tests/template_tests/utils.py
+++ b/tests/template_tests/utils.py
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ class OtherClass:
         return 'OtherClass.method'
 
 
-class TestObj(object):
+class TestObj:
     def is_true(self):
         return True
 
@@ -153,12 +153,12 @@ class TestObj(object):
         raise ShouldNotExecuteException()
 
 
-class SilentGetItemClass(object):
+class SilentGetItemClass:
     def __getitem__(self, key):
         raise SomeException
 
 
-class SilentAttrClass(object):
+class SilentAttrClass:
     def b(self):
         raise SomeException
     b = property(b)
diff --git a/tests/test_client/auth_backends.py b/tests/test_client/auth_backends.py
index 1bb1d96eeb..97a2763aaa 100644
--- a/tests/test_client/auth_backends.py
+++ b/tests/test_client/auth_backends.py
@@ -5,5 +5,5 @@ class TestClientBackend(ModelBackend):
     pass
 
 
-class BackendWithoutGetUserMethod(object):
+class BackendWithoutGetUserMethod:
     pass
diff --git a/tests/test_client/views.py b/tests/test_client/views.py
index e9a28449ec..bc6a59f760 100644
--- a/tests/test_client/views.py
+++ b/tests/test_client/views.py
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ permission_protected_view_exception = (
 )
 
 
-class _ViewManager(object):
+class _ViewManager:
     @method_decorator(login_required)
     def login_protected_view(self, request):
         t = Template('This is a login protected test using a method. '
diff --git a/tests/test_client_regress/tests.py b/tests/test_client_regress/tests.py
index 0436ae9968..16b344e0ae 100644
--- a/tests/test_client_regress/tests.py
+++ b/tests/test_client_regress/tests.py
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ from .models import CustomUser
 from .views import CustomTestException
 
 
-class TestDataMixin(object):
+class TestDataMixin:
 
     @classmethod
     def setUpTestData(cls):
@@ -1298,7 +1298,7 @@ class UnicodePayloadTests(SimpleTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(response.content, json.encode('koi8-r'))
 
 
-class DummyFile(object):
+class DummyFile:
     def __init__(self, filename):
         self.name = filename
 
diff --git a/tests/test_runner/tests.py b/tests/test_runner/tests.py
index 670bc6683c..51810fe7bc 100644
--- a/tests/test_runner/tests.py
+++ b/tests/test_runner/tests.py
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ class DependencyOrderingTests(unittest.TestCase):
             dependency_ordered(raw, dependencies=dependencies)
 
 
-class MockTestRunner(object):
+class MockTestRunner:
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         pass
 
diff --git a/tests/transactions/tests.py b/tests/transactions/tests.py
index 12d2eb299d..033619c0c8 100644
--- a/tests/transactions/tests.py
+++ b/tests/transactions/tests.py
@@ -413,7 +413,7 @@ class AtomicMiscTests(TransactionTestCase):
     def test_wrap_callable_instance(self):
         """#20028 -- Atomic must support wrapping callable instances."""
 
-        class Callable(object):
+        class Callable:
             def __call__(self):
                 pass
 
diff --git a/tests/urlpatterns_reverse/method_view_urls.py b/tests/urlpatterns_reverse/method_view_urls.py
index c28958e6a9..e91966b4ac 100644
--- a/tests/urlpatterns_reverse/method_view_urls.py
+++ b/tests/urlpatterns_reverse/method_view_urls.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 from django.conf.urls import url
 
 
-class ViewContainer(object):
+class ViewContainer:
     def method_view(self, request):
         pass
 
diff --git a/tests/urlpatterns_reverse/tests.py b/tests/urlpatterns_reverse/tests.py
index 62d199c030..efb30dc2ff 100644
--- a/tests/urlpatterns_reverse/tests.py
+++ b/tests/urlpatterns_reverse/tests.py
@@ -518,7 +518,7 @@ class ReverseShortcutTests(SimpleTestCase):
 
     def test_redirect_to_object(self):
         # We don't really need a model; just something with a get_absolute_url
-        class FakeObj(object):
+        class FakeObj:
             def get_absolute_url(self):
                 return "/hi-there/"
 
diff --git a/tests/urlpatterns_reverse/utils.py b/tests/urlpatterns_reverse/utils.py
index 22664480d1..8c96d8ca72 100644
--- a/tests/urlpatterns_reverse/utils.py
+++ b/tests/urlpatterns_reverse/utils.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ from django.conf.urls import url
 from . import views
 
 
-class URLObject(object):
+class URLObject:
     urlpatterns = [
         url(r'^inner/$', views.empty_view, name='urlobject-view'),
         url(r'^inner/(?P<arg1>[0-9]+)/(?P<arg2>[0-9]+)/$', views.empty_view, name='urlobject-view'),
diff --git a/tests/urlpatterns_reverse/views.py b/tests/urlpatterns_reverse/views.py
index e8765367be..584c70a6e5 100644
--- a/tests/urlpatterns_reverse/views.py
+++ b/tests/urlpatterns_reverse/views.py
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ def pass_resolver_match_view(request, *args, **kwargs):
 uncallable = None  # neither a callable nor a string
 
 
-class ViewClass(object):
+class ViewClass:
     def __call__(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
         return HttpResponse('')
 
diff --git a/tests/utils_tests/test_archive.py b/tests/utils_tests/test_archive.py
index b207a1290a..f50e18d75c 100644
--- a/tests/utils_tests/test_archive.py
+++ b/tests/utils_tests/test_archive.py
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ from django.utils.archive import Archive, extract
 TEST_DIR = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(upath(__file__)), 'archives')
 
 
-class ArchiveTester(object):
+class ArchiveTester:
     archive = None
 
     def setUp(self):
diff --git a/tests/utils_tests/test_decorators.py b/tests/utils_tests/test_decorators.py
index a4d080e2d7..fe5db876ef 100644
--- a/tests/utils_tests/test_decorators.py
+++ b/tests/utils_tests/test_decorators.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ from django.test import RequestFactory, SimpleTestCase
 from django.utils.decorators import classproperty, decorator_from_middleware
 
 
-class ProcessViewMiddleware(object):
+class ProcessViewMiddleware:
     def process_view(self, request, view_func, view_args, view_kwargs):
         pass
 
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ def process_view(request):
     return HttpResponse()
 
 
-class ClassProcessView(object):
+class ClassProcessView:
     def __call__(self, request):
         return HttpResponse()
 
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ class ClassProcessView(object):
 class_process_view = process_view_dec(ClassProcessView())
 
 
-class FullMiddleware(object):
+class FullMiddleware:
     def process_request(self, request):
         request.process_request_reached = True
 
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ class DecoratorFromMiddlewareTests(SimpleTestCase):
 
 class ClassPropertyTest(SimpleTestCase):
     def test_getter(self):
-        class Foo(object):
+        class Foo:
             foo_attr = 123
 
             def __init__(self):
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ class ClassPropertyTest(SimpleTestCase):
             def foo(cls):
                 return cls.foo_attr
 
-        class Bar(object):
+        class Bar:
             bar = classproperty()
 
             @bar.getter
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ class ClassPropertyTest(SimpleTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(Bar().bar, 123)
 
     def test_override_getter(self):
-        class Foo(object):
+        class Foo:
             @classproperty
             def foo(cls):
                 return 123
diff --git a/tests/utils_tests/test_encoding.py b/tests/utils_tests/test_encoding.py
index faf30a59c0..ca9343674d 100644
--- a/tests/utils_tests/test_encoding.py
+++ b/tests/utils_tests/test_encoding.py
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ class TestEncodingUtils(unittest.TestCase):
         """
         Broken __unicode__/__str__ actually raises an error.
         """
-        class MyString(object):
+        class MyString:
             def __str__(self):
                 return b'\xc3\xb6\xc3\xa4\xc3\xbc'
 
diff --git a/tests/utils_tests/test_functional.py b/tests/utils_tests/test_functional.py
index f53e212f93..befbcf931c 100644
--- a/tests/utils_tests/test_functional.py
+++ b/tests/utils_tests/test_functional.py
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ class FunctionalTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
 
     def test_lazy_base_class(self):
         """lazy also finds base class methods in the proxy object"""
-        class Base(object):
+        class Base:
             def base_method(self):
                 pass
 
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ class FunctionalTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
 
     def test_lazy_base_class_override(self):
         """lazy finds the correct (overridden) method implementation"""
-        class Base(object):
+        class Base:
             def method(self):
                 return 'Base'
 
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ class FunctionalTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
 
     def test_lazy_object_to_string(self):
 
-        class Klazz(object):
+        class Klazz:
             def __str__(self):
                 return "Î am ā Ǩlâzz."
 
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ class FunctionalTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         """
         cached_property caches its value and that it behaves like a property
         """
-        class A(object):
+        class A:
 
             @cached_property
             def value(self):
diff --git a/tests/utils_tests/test_html.py b/tests/utils_tests/test_html.py
index 8f887fd011..5ffccdae83 100644
--- a/tests/utils_tests/test_html.py
+++ b/tests/utils_tests/test_html.py
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ class TestUtilsHtml(SimpleTestCase):
 
     def test_html_safe(self):
         @html.html_safe
-        class HtmlClass(object):
+        class HtmlClass:
             def __str__(self):
                 return "<h1>I'm a html class!</h1>"
 
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ class TestUtilsHtml(SimpleTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(force_text(html_obj), html_obj.__html__())
 
     def test_html_safe_subclass(self):
-        class BaseClass(object):
+        class BaseClass:
             def __html__(self):
                 # defines __html__ on its own
                 return 'some html content'
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ class TestUtilsHtml(SimpleTestCase):
         msg = "can't apply @html_safe to HtmlClass because it defines __html__()."
         with self.assertRaisesMessage(ValueError, msg):
             @html.html_safe
-            class HtmlClass(object):
+            class HtmlClass:
                 def __html__(self):
                     return "<h1>I'm a html class!</h1>"
 
@@ -206,5 +206,5 @@ class TestUtilsHtml(SimpleTestCase):
         msg = "can't apply @html_safe to HtmlClass because it doesn't define __str__()."
         with self.assertRaisesMessage(ValueError, msg):
             @html.html_safe
-            class HtmlClass(object):
+            class HtmlClass:
                 pass
diff --git a/tests/utils_tests/test_inspect.py b/tests/utils_tests/test_inspect.py
index e9a2cd086f..7464a9226d 100644
--- a/tests/utils_tests/test_inspect.py
+++ b/tests/utils_tests/test_inspect.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import unittest
 from django.utils import inspect
 
 
-class Person(object):
+class Person:
     def no_arguments(self):
         return None
 
diff --git a/tests/utils_tests/test_lazyobject.py b/tests/utils_tests/test_lazyobject.py
index 513123ea00..11bf163747 100644
--- a/tests/utils_tests/test_lazyobject.py
+++ b/tests/utils_tests/test_lazyobject.py
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ from django.utils.functional import LazyObject, SimpleLazyObject, empty
 from .models import Category, CategoryInfo
 
 
-class Foo(object):
+class Foo:
     """
     A simple class with just one attribute.
     """
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ class LazyObjectTestCase(TestCase):
         # Tests whether an object's custom `__iter__` method is being
         # used when iterating over it.
 
-        class IterObject(object):
+        class IterObject:
 
             def __init__(self, values):
                 self.values = values
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ class SimpleLazyObjectTestCase(LazyObjectTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(len(lazy_set), 4)
 
 
-class BaseBaz(object):
+class BaseBaz:
     """
     A base class with a funky __reduce__ method, meant to simulate the
     __reduce__ method of Model, which sets self._django_version.
diff --git a/tests/utils_tests/test_module/__init__.py b/tests/utils_tests/test_module/__init__.py
index 29ee11b722..d8a5fe2ed9 100644
--- a/tests/utils_tests/test_module/__init__.py
+++ b/tests/utils_tests/test_module/__init__.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-class SiteMock(object):
+class SiteMock:
     _registry = {}
 
 
diff --git a/tests/utils_tests/test_module_loading.py b/tests/utils_tests/test_module_loading.py
index 2a524a2cf2..e979b3e7ba 100644
--- a/tests/utils_tests/test_module_loading.py
+++ b/tests/utils_tests/test_module_loading.py
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ class AutodiscoverModulesTestCase(SimpleTestCase):
         self.assertEqual(site._registry, {'lorem': 'ipsum'})
 
 
-class ProxyFinder(object):
+class ProxyFinder:
     def __init__(self):
         self._cache = {}
 
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ class ProxyFinder(object):
                 fd.close()
 
 
-class TestFinder(object):
+class TestFinder:
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         self.importer = zipimporter(*args, **kwargs)
 
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ class TestFinder(object):
         return TestLoader(importer)
 
 
-class TestLoader(object):
+class TestLoader:
     def __init__(self, importer):
         self.importer = importer
 
diff --git a/tests/utils_tests/test_safestring.py b/tests/utils_tests/test_safestring.py
index 9e99b6e20b..d1ef28944e 100644
--- a/tests/utils_tests/test_safestring.py
+++ b/tests/utils_tests/test_safestring.py
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ class SafeStringTest(SimpleTestCase):
         self.assertRenderEqual('{{ s }}', 'a&b', s=mark_safe(s))
 
     def test_mark_safe_object_implementing_dunder_str(self):
-        class Obj(object):
+        class Obj:
             def __str__(self):
                 return '<obj>'
 
diff --git a/tests/view_tests/tests/test_debug.py b/tests/view_tests/tests/test_debug.py
index 7a9cea826b..a3938ce848 100644
--- a/tests/view_tests/tests/test_debug.py
+++ b/tests/view_tests/tests/test_debug.py
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ from ..views import (
 PY36 = sys.version_info >= (3, 6)
 
 
-class User(object):
+class User:
     def __str__(self):
         return 'jacob'
 
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ class CallableSettingWrapperTests(SimpleTestCase):
     """ Unittests for CallableSettingWrapper
     """
     def test_repr(self):
-        class WrappedCallable(object):
+        class WrappedCallable:
             def __repr__(self):
                 return "repr from the wrapped callable"
 
@@ -422,7 +422,7 @@ class ExceptionReporterTests(SimpleTestCase):
     def test_unprintable_values_handling(self):
         "Unprintable values should not make the output generation choke."
         try:
-            class OomOutput(object):
+            class OomOutput:
                 def __repr__(self):
                     raise MemoryError('OOM')
             oomvalue = OomOutput()  # NOQA
@@ -438,7 +438,7 @@ class ExceptionReporterTests(SimpleTestCase):
         large = 256 * 1024
         repr_of_str_adds = len(repr(''))
         try:
-            class LargeOutput(object):
+            class LargeOutput:
                 def __repr__(self):
                     return repr('A' * large)
             largevalue = LargeOutput()  # NOQA
@@ -535,7 +535,7 @@ class ExceptionReporterTests(SimpleTestCase):
         The error page can be rendered if the current user can't be retrieved
         (such as when the database is unavailable).
         """
-        class ExceptionUser(object):
+        class ExceptionUser:
             def __str__(self):
                 raise Exception()
 
@@ -654,7 +654,7 @@ class PlainTextReportTests(SimpleTestCase):
         self.assertIn("http://evil.com/", text)
 
 
-class ExceptionReportTestMixin(object):
+class ExceptionReportTestMixin:
 
     # Mixin used in the ExceptionReporterFilterTests and
     # AjaxResponseExceptionReporterFilter tests below
@@ -951,7 +951,7 @@ class ExceptionReporterFilterTests(ExceptionReportTestMixin, LoggingCaptureMixin
         Callable settings which forbid to set attributes should not break
         the debug page (#23070).
         """
-        class CallableSettingWithSlots(object):
+        class CallableSettingWithSlots:
             __slots__ = []
 
             def __call__(self):
diff --git a/tests/view_tests/views.py b/tests/view_tests/views.py
index 5c63111405..2e47037470 100644
--- a/tests/view_tests/views.py
+++ b/tests/view_tests/views.py
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ def custom_exception_reporter_filter_view(request):
         return technical_500_response(request, *exc_info)
 
 
-class Klass(object):
+class Klass:
 
     @sensitive_variables('sauce')
     def method(self, request):
diff --git a/tests/wsgi/tests.py b/tests/wsgi/tests.py
index 68e8d4a86d..13c5536520 100644
--- a/tests/wsgi/tests.py
+++ b/tests/wsgi/tests.py
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ class WSGITest(SimpleTestCase):
         """
         FileResponse uses wsgi.file_wrapper.
         """
-        class FileWrapper(object):
+        class FileWrapper:
             def __init__(self, filelike, blksize=8192):
                 filelike.close()
         application = get_wsgi_application()