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Fixed #26975 -- Clarified how Django looks for fixture files. 

Co-Authored-By: Daniel Brotsky <dev@brotsky.com>
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Filip Łajszczak 2022-09-24 15:27:25 +01:00 committed by Mariusz Felisiak
parent 9f8c994851
commit fe6f4bef03
1 changed files with 26 additions and 13 deletions
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39
docs/howto/initial-data.txt
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@ -6,18 +6,18 @@ It's sometimes useful to prepopulate your database with hard-coded data when
you're first setting up an app. You can provide initial data with migrations or you're first setting up an app. You can provide initial data with migrations or
fixtures. fixtures.
Providing initial data with migrations Provide initial data with migrations
====================================== ====================================
If you want to automatically load initial data for an app, create a To automatically load initial data for an app, create a
:ref:`data migration <data-migrations>`. Migrations are run when setting up the :ref:`data migration <data-migrations>`. Migrations are run when setting up the
test database, so the data will be available there, subject to :ref:`some test database, so the data will be available there, subject to :ref:`some
limitations <test-case-serialized-rollback>`. limitations <test-case-serialized-rollback>`.
.. _initial-data-via-fixtures: .. _initial-data-via-fixtures:
Providing data with fixtures Provide data with fixtures
============================ ==========================
You can also provide data using fixtures, however, this data isn't loaded You can also provide data using fixtures, however, this data isn't loaded
automatically, except if you use :attr:`.TransactionTestCase.fixtures`. automatically, except if you use :attr:`.TransactionTestCase.fixtures`.
@ -80,16 +80,29 @@ from the fixture and reloaded into the database. Note this means that if you
change one of the rows created by a fixture and then run :djadmin:`loaddata` change one of the rows created by a fixture and then run :djadmin:`loaddata`
again, you'll wipe out any changes you've made. again, you'll wipe out any changes you've made.
Where Django finds fixture files Tell Django where to look for fixture files
-------------------------------- -------------------------------------------
By default, Django looks in the ``fixtures`` directory inside each app for By default, Django looks for fixtures in the ``fixtures`` directory inside each
fixtures. You can set the :setting:`FIXTURE_DIRS` setting to a list of app for, so the command ``loaddata sample`` will find the file
additional directories where Django should look. ``my_app/fixtures/sample.json``. This works with relative paths as well, so
``loaddata my_app/sample`` will find the file
``my_app/fixtures/my_app/sample.json``.
When running :djadmin:`manage.py loaddata <loaddata>`, you can also Django also looks for fixtures in the list of directories provided in the
specify a path to a fixture file, which overrides searching the usual :setting:`FIXTURE_DIRS` setting.
directories.
To completely prevent default search form happening, use an absolute path to
specify the location of your fixture file, e.g. ``loaddata /path/to/sample``.
.. admonition:: Namespace your fixture files
Django will use the first fixture file it finds whose name matches, so if
you have fixture files with the same name in different applications, you
will be unable to distinguish between them in your ``loaddata`` commands.
The easiest way to avoid this problem is by *namespacing* your fixture
files. That is, by putting them inside a directory named for their
application, as in the relative path example above.
.. seealso:: .. seealso::