mirror of https://github.com/django/django.git
Fixed #35084 -- Recommended 'django_' prefix for reusable app modules.
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@ -121,16 +121,17 @@ Python *packaging* refers to preparing your app in a specific format that can
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be easily installed and used. Django itself is packaged very much like
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this. For a small app like polls, this process isn't too difficult.
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#. First, create a parent directory for ``polls``, outside of your Django
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#. First, create a parent directory for the package, outside of your Django
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project. Call this directory ``django-polls``.
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.. admonition:: Choosing a name for your app
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When choosing a name for your package, check resources like PyPI to avoid
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naming conflicts with existing packages. It's often useful to prepend
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``django-`` to your module name when creating a package to distribute.
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This helps others looking for Django apps identify your app as Django
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specific.
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When choosing a name for your package, check PyPI to avoid naming
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conflicts with existing packages. We recommend using a ``django-``
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prefix for package names, to identify your package as specific to
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Django, and a corresponding ``django_`` prefix for your module name. For
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example, the ``django-ratelimit`` package contains the
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``django_ratelimit`` module.
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Application labels (that is, the final part of the dotted path to
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application packages) *must* be unique in :setting:`INSTALLED_APPS`.
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@ -138,19 +139,35 @@ this. For a small app like polls, this process isn't too difficult.
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</ref/contrib/index>`, for example ``auth``, ``admin``, or
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``messages``.
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#. Move the ``polls`` directory into the ``django-polls`` directory.
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#. Move the ``polls`` directory into ``django-polls`` directory, and rename it
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to ``django_polls``.
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#. Edit ``django_polls/apps.py`` so that :attr:`~.AppConfig.name` refers to the
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new module name and add :attr:`~.AppConfig.label` to give a short name for
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the app:
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.. code-block:: python
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:caption: ``django-polls/django_polls/apps.py``
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from django.apps import AppConfig
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class PollsConfig(AppConfig):
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default_auto_field = "django.db.models.BigAutoField"
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name = "django_polls"
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label = "polls"
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#. Create a file ``django-polls/README.rst`` with the following contents:
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.. code-block:: rst
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:caption: ``django-polls/README.rst``
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=====
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Polls
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=====
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============
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django-polls
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============
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Polls is a Django app to conduct web-based polls. For each question,
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visitors can choose between a fixed number of answers.
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django-polls is a Django app to conduct web-based polls. For each
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question, visitors can choose between a fixed number of answers.
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Detailed documentation is in the "docs" directory.
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@ -161,19 +178,18 @@ this. For a small app like polls, this process isn't too difficult.
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INSTALLED_APPS = [
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...,
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"polls",
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"django_polls",
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]
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2. Include the polls URLconf in your project urls.py like this::
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path("polls/", include("polls.urls")),
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path("polls/", include("django_polls.urls")),
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3. Run ``python manage.py migrate`` to create the polls models.
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3. Run ``python manage.py migrate`` to create the models.
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4. Start the development server and visit http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/
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to create a poll (you'll need the Admin app enabled).
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4. Start the development server and visit the admin to create a poll.
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5. Visit http://127.0.0.1:8000/polls/ to participate in the poll.
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5. Visit the ``/polls/`` URL to participate in the poll.
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#. Create a ``django-polls/LICENSE`` file. Choosing a license is beyond the
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scope of this tutorial, but suffice it to say that code released publicly
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@ -251,8 +267,8 @@ this. For a small app like polls, this process isn't too difficult.
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include LICENSE
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include README.rst
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recursive-include polls/static *
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recursive-include polls/templates *
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recursive-include django_polls/static *
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recursive-include django_polls/templates *
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#. It's optional, but recommended, to include detailed documentation with your
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app. Create an empty directory ``django-polls/docs`` for future
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@ -266,8 +282,8 @@ this. For a small app like polls, this process isn't too difficult.
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you add some files to it. Many Django apps also provide their documentation
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online through sites like `readthedocs.org <https://readthedocs.org>`_.
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#. Try building your package with ``python setup.py sdist`` (run from inside
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``django-polls``). This creates a directory called ``dist`` and builds your
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#. Try building your package by running ``python setup.py sdist`` inside
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``django-polls``. This creates a directory called ``dist`` and builds your
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new package, ``django-polls-0.1.tar.gz``.
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For more information on packaging, see Python's `Tutorial on Packaging and
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@ -299,14 +315,21 @@ working. We'll now fix this by installing our new ``django-polls`` package.
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python -m pip install --user django-polls/dist/django-polls-0.1.tar.gz
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#. With luck, your Django project should now work correctly again. Run the
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server again to confirm this.
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#. Update ``mysite/settings.py`` to point to the new module name::
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#. To uninstall the package, use pip:
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INSTALLED_APPS = [
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"django_polls.apps.PollsConfig",
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...,
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]
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.. code-block:: shell
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#. Update ``mysite/urls.py`` to point to the new module name::
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python -m pip uninstall django-polls
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urlpatterns = [
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path("polls/", include("django_polls.urls")),
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...,
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]
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#. Run the development server to confirm the project continues to work.
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Publishing your app
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===================
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@ -326,7 +349,7 @@ the world! If this wasn't just an example, you could now:
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Installing Python packages with a virtual environment
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=====================================================
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Earlier, we installed the polls app as a user library. This has some
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Earlier, we installed ``django-polls`` as a user library. This has some
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disadvantages:
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* Modifying the user libraries can affect other Python software on your system.
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