mirror of https://github.com/django/django.git
Fixed #12856 -- Documented BoundField API.
This commit is contained in:
Moritz Sichert
Tim Graham
parent
534aaf56f4
commit
2f53d342f1
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@ -767,6 +767,8 @@ method you're using::
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<p>Sender: <input type="email" name="sender" value="invalid email address" /></p>
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<p>Cc myself: <input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" /></p>
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.. _ref-forms-error-list-format:
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Customizing the error list format
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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@ -792,10 +794,10 @@ Python 2)::
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<p>Cc myself: <input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" /></p>
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More granular output
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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--------------------
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The ``as_p()``, ``as_ul()`` and ``as_table()`` methods are simply shortcuts for
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lazy developers -- they're not the only way a form object can be displayed.
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The ``as_p()``, ``as_ul()``, and ``as_table()`` methods are simply shortcuts --
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they're not the only way a form object can be displayed.
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.. class:: BoundField
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@ -830,107 +832,180 @@ The field-specific output honors the form object's ``auto_id`` setting::
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>>> print(f['message'])
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<input type="text" name="message" id="id_message" />
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For a field's list of errors, access the field's ``errors`` attribute.
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Attributes of ``BoundField``
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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.. attribute:: BoundField.data
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This property returns the data for this :class:`~django.forms.BoundField`
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extracted by the widget's :meth:`~django.forms.Widget.value_from_datadict`
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method, or ``None`` if it wasn't given::
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>>> unbound_form = ContactForm()
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>>> print(unbound_form['subject'].data)
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None
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>>> bound_form = ContactForm(data={'subject': 'My Subject'})
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>>> print(bound_form['subject'].data)
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My Subject
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.. attribute:: BoundField.errors
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A list-like object that is displayed as an HTML ``<ul class="errorlist">``
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when printed::
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A :ref:`list-like object <ref-forms-error-list-format>` that is displayed
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as an HTML ``<ul class="errorlist">`` when printed::
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>>> data = {'subject': 'hi', 'message': '', 'sender': '', 'cc_myself': ''}
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>>> f = ContactForm(data, auto_id=False)
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>>> print(f['message'])
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<input type="text" name="message" />
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>>> f['message'].errors
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['This field is required.']
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>>> print(f['message'].errors)
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<ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul>
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>>> f['subject'].errors
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[]
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>>> print(f['subject'].errors)
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>>> data = {'subject': 'hi', 'message': '', 'sender': '', 'cc_myself': ''}
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>>> f = ContactForm(data, auto_id=False)
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>>> print(f['message'])
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<input type="text" name="message" />
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>>> f['message'].errors
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['This field is required.']
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>>> print(f['message'].errors)
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<ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul>
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>>> f['subject'].errors
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[]
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>>> print(f['subject'].errors)
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>>> str(f['subject'].errors)
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''
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>>> str(f['subject'].errors)
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''
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.. method:: BoundField.label_tag(contents=None, attrs=None, label_suffix=None)
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.. attribute:: BoundField.field
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To separately render the label tag of a form field, you can call its
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``label_tag`` method::
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The form :class:`~django.forms.Field` instance from the form class that
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this :class:`~django.forms.BoundField` wraps.
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>>> f = ContactForm(data)
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>>> print(f['message'].label_tag())
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<label for="id_message">Message:</label>
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.. attribute:: BoundField.form
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Optionally, you can provide the ``contents`` parameter which will replace the
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auto-generated label tag. An optional ``attrs`` dictionary may contain
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additional attributes for the ``<label>`` tag.
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The :class:`~django.forms.Form` instance this :class:`~django.forms.BoundField`
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is bound to.
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The HTML that's generated includes the form's
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:attr:`~django.forms.Form.label_suffix` (a colon, by default) or, if set, the
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current field's :attr:`~django.forms.Field.label_suffix`. The optional
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``label_suffix`` parameter allows you to override any previously set
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suffix. For example, you can use an empty string to hide the label on selected
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fields. If you need to do this in a template, you could write a custom
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filter to allow passing parameters to ``label_tag``.
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.. attribute:: BoundField.help_text
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.. versionchanged:: 1.8
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The :attr:`~django.forms.Field.help_text` of the field.
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The label includes :attr:`~Form.required_css_class` if applicable.
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.. attribute:: BoundField.html_name
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.. method:: BoundField.css_classes()
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When you use Django's rendering shortcuts, CSS classes are used to
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indicate required form fields or fields that contain errors. If you're
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manually rendering a form, you can access these CSS classes using the
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``css_classes`` method::
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>>> f = ContactForm(data)
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>>> f['message'].css_classes()
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'required'
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If you want to provide some additional classes in addition to the
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error and required classes that may be required, you can provide
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those classes as an argument::
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>>> f = ContactForm(data)
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>>> f['message'].css_classes('foo bar')
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'foo bar required'
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.. method:: BoundField.value()
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Use this method to render the raw value of this field as it would be rendered
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by a ``Widget``::
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>>> initial = {'subject': 'welcome'}
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>>> unbound_form = ContactForm(initial=initial)
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>>> bound_form = ContactForm(data, initial=initial)
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>>> print(unbound_form['subject'].value())
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welcome
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>>> print(bound_form['subject'].value())
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hi
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The name that will be used in the widget's HTML ``name`` attribute. It takes
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the form :attr:`~django.forms.Form.prefix` into account.
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.. attribute:: BoundField.id_for_label
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Use this property to render the ID of this field. For example, if you are
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manually constructing a ``<label>`` in your template (despite the fact that
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:meth:`~BoundField.label_tag` will do this for you):
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Use this property to render the ID of this field. For example, if you are
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manually constructing a ``<label>`` in your template (despite the fact that
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:meth:`~BoundField.label_tag` will do this for you):
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.. code-block:: html+django
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.. code-block:: html+django
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<label for="{{ form.my_field.id_for_label }}">...</label>{{ my_field }}
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<label for="{{ form.my_field.id_for_label }}">...</label>{{ my_field }}
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By default, this will be the field's name prefixed by ``id_``
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("``id_my_field``" for the example above). You may modify the ID by setting
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:attr:`~django.forms.Widget.attrs` on the field's widget. For example,
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declaring a field like this::
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By default, this will be the field's name prefixed by ``id_``
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("``id_my_field``" for the example above). You may modify the ID by setting
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:attr:`~django.forms.Widget.attrs` on the field's widget. For example,
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declaring a field like this::
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my_field = forms.CharField(widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'id': 'myFIELD'}))
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my_field = forms.CharField(widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'id': 'myFIELD'}))
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and using the template above, would render something like:
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and using the template above, would render something like:
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.. code-block:: html
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.. code-block:: html
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<label for="myFIELD">...</label><input id="myFIELD" type="text" name="my_field" />
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<label for="myFIELD">...</label><input id="myFIELD" type="text" name="my_field" />
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.. attribute:: BoundField.is_hidden
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Returns ``True`` if this :class:`~django.forms.BoundField`'s widget is
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hidden.
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.. attribute:: BoundField.label
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The :attr:`~django.forms.Field.label` of the field. This is used in
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:meth:`~BoundField.label_tag`.
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.. attribute:: BoundField.name
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The name of this field in the form::
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>>> f = ContactForm()
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>>> print(f['subject'].name)
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subject
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>>> print(f['message'].name)
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message
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Methods of ``BoundField``
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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.. method:: BoundField.as_hidden(attrs=None, **kwargs)
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Returns a string of HTML for representing this as an ``<input type="hidden">``.
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``**kwargs`` are passed to :meth:`~django.forms.BoundField.as_widget`.
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This method is primarily used internally. You should use a widget instead.
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.. method:: BoundField.as_widget(widget=None, attrs=None, only_initial=False)
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Renders the field by rendering the passed widget, adding any HTML
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attributes passed as ``attrs``. If no widget is specified, then the
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field's default widget will be used.
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``only_initial`` is used by Django internals and should not be set
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explicitly.
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.. method:: BoundField.css_classes()
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When you use Django's rendering shortcuts, CSS classes are used to
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indicate required form fields or fields that contain errors. If you're
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manually rendering a form, you can access these CSS classes using the
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``css_classes`` method::
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>>> f = ContactForm(data={'message': ''})
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>>> f['message'].css_classes()
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'required'
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If you want to provide some additional classes in addition to the
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error and required classes that may be required, you can provide
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those classes as an argument::
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>>> f = ContactForm(data={'message': ''})
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>>> f['message'].css_classes('foo bar')
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'foo bar required'
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.. method:: BoundField.label_tag(contents=None, attrs=None, label_suffix=None)
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To separately render the label tag of a form field, you can call its
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``label_tag()`` method::
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>>> f = ContactForm(data={'message': ''})
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>>> print(f['message'].label_tag())
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<label for="id_message">Message:</label>
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You can provide the ``contents`` parameter which will replace the
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auto-generated label tag. An ``attrs`` dictionary may contain additional
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attributes for the ``<label>`` tag.
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The HTML that's generated includes the form's
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:attr:`~django.forms.Form.label_suffix` (a colon, by default) or, if set, the
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current field's :attr:`~django.forms.Field.label_suffix`. The optional
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``label_suffix`` parameter allows you to override any previously set
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suffix. For example, you can use an empty string to hide the label on selected
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fields. If you need to do this in a template, you could write a custom
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filter to allow passing parameters to ``label_tag``.
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.. versionchanged:: 1.8
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The label includes :attr:`~Form.required_css_class` if applicable.
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.. method:: BoundField.value()
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Use this method to render the raw value of this field as it would be rendered
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by a ``Widget``::
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>>> initial = {'subject': 'welcome'}
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>>> unbound_form = ContactForm(initial=initial)
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>>> bound_form = ContactForm(data={'subject': 'hi'}, initial=initial)
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>>> print(unbound_form['subject'].value())
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welcome
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>>> print(bound_form['subject'].value())
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hi
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Customizing ``BoundField``
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--------------------------
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@ -230,6 +230,16 @@ foundation for custom widgets.
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In older versions, this attribute was only defined on the date
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and time widgets (as ``False``).
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.. method:: id_for_label(self, id_)
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Returns the HTML ID attribute of this widget for use by a ``<label>``,
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given the ID of the field. Returns ``None`` if an ID isn't available.
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This hook is necessary because some widgets have multiple HTML
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elements and, thus, multiple IDs. In that case, this method should
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return an ID value that corresponds to the first ID in the widget's
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tags.
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.. method:: render(name, value, attrs=None)
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Returns HTML for the widget, as a Unicode string. This method must be
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@ -690,6 +690,11 @@ Useful attributes on ``{{ field }}`` include:
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:class:`~django.forms.Field` attributes, e.g.
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``{{ char_field.field.max_length }}``.
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.. seealso::
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For a complete list of attributes and methods, see
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:class:`~django.forms.BoundField`.
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Looping over hidden and visible fields
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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