mirror of https://github.com/django/django.git
Changed 'django-admin.py startapp' application template to use views.py instead of views package, for simplicity. Updated tutorial to reflect the change.
git-svn-id: http://code.djangoproject.com/svn/django/trunk@1258 bcc190cf-cafb-0310-a4f2-bffc1f526a37
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# Create your views here.
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@ -131,8 +131,7 @@ That'll create a directory structure like this::
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models/
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models/
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__init__.py
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__init__.py
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polls.py
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polls.py
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views/
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views.py
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__init__.py
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This directory structure will house the poll application.
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This directory structure will house the poll application.
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@ -73,10 +73,10 @@ this::
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from django.conf.urls.defaults import *
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from django.conf.urls.defaults import *
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urlpatterns = patterns('',
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urlpatterns = patterns('',
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(r'^polls/$', 'myproject.apps.polls.views.polls.index'),
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(r'^polls/$', 'myproject.apps.polls.views.index'),
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(r'^polls/(?P<poll_id>\d+)/$', 'myproject.apps.polls.views.polls.detail'),
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(r'^polls/(?P<poll_id>\d+)/$', 'myproject.apps.polls.views.detail'),
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(r'^polls/(?P<poll_id>\d+)/results/$', 'myproject.apps.polls.views.polls.results'),
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(r'^polls/(?P<poll_id>\d+)/results/$', 'myproject.apps.polls.views.results'),
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(r'^polls/(?P<poll_id>\d+)/vote/$', 'myproject.apps.polls.views.polls.vote'),
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(r'^polls/(?P<poll_id>\d+)/vote/$', 'myproject.apps.polls.views.vote'),
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)
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)
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This is worth a review. When somebody requests a page from your Web site --
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This is worth a review. When somebody requests a page from your Web site --
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@ -84,8 +84,8 @@ say, "/polls/23/", Django will load this Python module, because it's pointed to
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by the ``ROOT_URLCONF`` setting. It finds the variable named ``urlpatterns``
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by the ``ROOT_URLCONF`` setting. It finds the variable named ``urlpatterns``
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and traverses the regular expressions in order. When it finds a regular
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and traverses the regular expressions in order. When it finds a regular
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expression that matches -- ``r'^polls/(?P<poll_id>\d+)/$'`` -- it loads the
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expression that matches -- ``r'^polls/(?P<poll_id>\d+)/$'`` -- it loads the
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associated Python package/module: ``myproject.apps.polls.views.polls.detail``. That
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associated Python package/module: ``myproject.apps.polls.views.detail``. That
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corresponds to the function ``detail()`` in ``myproject/apps/polls/views/polls.py``.
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corresponds to the function ``detail()`` in ``myproject/apps/polls/views.py``.
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Finally, it calls that ``detail()`` function like so::
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Finally, it calls that ``detail()`` function like so::
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detail(request=<HttpRequest object>, poll_id=23)
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detail(request=<HttpRequest object>, poll_id=23)
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@ -99,9 +99,9 @@ what you can do with them. And there's no need to add URL cruft such as
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``.php`` -- unless you have a sick sense of humor, in which case you can do
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``.php`` -- unless you have a sick sense of humor, in which case you can do
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something like this::
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something like this::
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(r'^polls/latest\.php$', 'myproject.apps.polls.views.polls.index'),
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(r'^polls/latest\.php$', 'myproject.apps.polls.views.index'),
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But, don't do that. It's stupid.
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But, don't do that. It's silly.
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If you need help with regular expressions, see `Wikipedia's entry`_ and the
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If you need help with regular expressions, see `Wikipedia's entry`_ and the
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`Python documentation`_. Also, the O'Reilly book "Mastering Regular
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`Python documentation`_. Also, the O'Reilly book "Mastering Regular
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@ -125,16 +125,21 @@ Fire up the Django development Web server::
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django-admin.py runserver --settings=myproject.settings
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django-admin.py runserver --settings=myproject.settings
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Now go to "http://localhost:8000/polls/" on your domain in your Web browser.
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Now go to "http://localhost:8000/polls/" on your domain in your Web browser.
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You should get a Python traceback with the following error message::
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You should get a pleasantly-colored error page with the following message::
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ViewDoesNotExist: Could not import myproject.apps.polls.views.polls. Error
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ViewDoesNotExist at /polls/
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was: No module named polls
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Tried index in module myproject.apps.polls.views. Error was: 'module'
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object has no attribute 'index'
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This error happened because you haven't written a function ``index()`` in the
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module ``myproject/apps/polls/views.py``.
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Try "/polls/23/", "/polls/23/results/" and "/polls/23/vote/". The error
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Try "/polls/23/", "/polls/23/results/" and "/polls/23/vote/". The error
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messages should tell you which view Django tried (and failed to find, because
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messages tell you which view Django tried (and failed to find, because you
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you haven't written any views yet).
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haven't written any views yet).
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Time to write the first view. Create the file ``myproject/apps/polls/views/polls.py``
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Time to write the first view. Open the file ``myproject/apps/polls/views.py``
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and put the following Python code in it::
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and put the following Python code in it::
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from django.utils.httpwrappers import HttpResponse
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from django.utils.httpwrappers import HttpResponse
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@ -374,19 +379,19 @@ Take some time to play around with the views and template system. As you edit
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the URLconf, you may notice there's a fair bit of redundancy in it::
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the URLconf, you may notice there's a fair bit of redundancy in it::
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urlpatterns = patterns('',
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urlpatterns = patterns('',
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(r'^polls/$', 'myproject.apps.polls.views.polls.index'),
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(r'^polls/$', 'myproject.apps.polls.views.index'),
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(r'^polls/(?P<poll_id>\d+)/$', 'myproject.apps.polls.views.polls.detail'),
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(r'^polls/(?P<poll_id>\d+)/$', 'myproject.apps.polls.views.detail'),
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(r'^polls/(?P<poll_id>\d+)/results/$', 'myproject.apps.polls.views.polls.results'),
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(r'^polls/(?P<poll_id>\d+)/results/$', 'myproject.apps.polls.views.results'),
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(r'^polls/(?P<poll_id>\d+)/vote/$', 'myproject.apps.polls.views.polls.vote'),
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(r'^polls/(?P<poll_id>\d+)/vote/$', 'myproject.apps.polls.views.vote'),
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)
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)
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Namely, ``myproject.apps.polls.views.polls`` is in every callback.
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Namely, ``myproject.apps.polls.views`` is in every callback.
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Because this is a common case, the URLconf framework provides a shortcut for
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Because this is a common case, the URLconf framework provides a shortcut for
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common prefixes. You can factor out the common prefixes and add them as the
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common prefixes. You can factor out the common prefixes and add them as the
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first argument to ``patterns()``, like so::
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first argument to ``patterns()``, like so::
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urlpatterns = patterns('myproject.apps.polls.views.polls',
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urlpatterns = patterns('myproject.apps.polls.views',
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(r'^polls/$', 'index'),
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(r'^polls/$', 'index'),
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(r'^polls/(?P<poll_id>\d+)/$', 'detail'),
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(r'^polls/(?P<poll_id>\d+)/$', 'detail'),
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(r'^polls/(?P<poll_id>\d+)/results/$', 'results'),
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(r'^polls/(?P<poll_id>\d+)/results/$', 'results'),
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@ -435,7 +440,7 @@ Now that we've decoupled that, we need to decouple the
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'myproject.apps.polls.urls' urlconf by removing the leading "polls/" from each
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'myproject.apps.polls.urls' urlconf by removing the leading "polls/" from each
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line::
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line::
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urlpatterns = patterns('myproject.apps.polls.views.polls',
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urlpatterns = patterns('myproject.apps.polls.views',
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(r'^$', 'index'),
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(r'^$', 'index'),
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(r'^(?P<poll_id>\d+)/$', 'detail'),
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(r'^(?P<poll_id>\d+)/$', 'detail'),
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(r'^(?P<poll_id>\d+)/results/$', 'results'),
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(r'^(?P<poll_id>\d+)/results/$', 'results'),
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@ -44,9 +44,9 @@ Now, let's create a Django view that handles the submitted data and does
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something with it. Remember, in `Tutorial 3`_, we create a URLconf that
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something with it. Remember, in `Tutorial 3`_, we create a URLconf that
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included this line::
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included this line::
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(r'^polls/(?P<poll_id>\d+)/vote/$', 'myproject.apps.polls.views.polls.vote'),
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(r'^polls/(?P<poll_id>\d+)/vote/$', 'myproject.apps.polls.views.vote'),
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So let's create a ``vote()`` function in ``myproject/apps/polls/views/polls.py``::
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So let's create a ``vote()`` function in ``myproject/apps/polls/views.py``::
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from django.core.extensions import get_object_or_404, render_to_response
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from django.core.extensions import get_object_or_404, render_to_response
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from django.models.polls import choices, polls
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from django.models.polls import choices, polls
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@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ so far::
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from django.conf.urls.defaults import *
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from django.conf.urls.defaults import *
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urlpatterns = patterns('myproject.apps.polls.views.polls',
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urlpatterns = patterns('myproject.apps.polls.views',
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(r'^$', 'index'),
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(r'^$', 'index'),
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(r'^(?P<poll_id>\d+)/$', 'detail'),
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(r'^(?P<poll_id>\d+)/$', 'detail'),
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(r'^(?P<poll_id>\d+)/results/$', 'results'),
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(r'^(?P<poll_id>\d+)/results/$', 'results'),
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@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ Change it like so::
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(r'^$', 'django.views.generic.list_detail.object_list', info_dict),
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(r'^$', 'django.views.generic.list_detail.object_list', info_dict),
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(r'^(?P<object_id>\d+)/$', 'django.views.generic.list_detail.object_detail', info_dict),
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(r'^(?P<object_id>\d+)/$', 'django.views.generic.list_detail.object_detail', info_dict),
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(r'^(?P<object_id>\d+)/results/$', 'django.views.generic.list_detail.object_detail', dict(info_dict, template_name='polls/results')),
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(r'^(?P<object_id>\d+)/results/$', 'django.views.generic.list_detail.object_detail', dict(info_dict, template_name='polls/results')),
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(r'^(?P<poll_id>\d+)/vote/$', 'myproject.apps.polls.views.polls.vote'),
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(r'^(?P<poll_id>\d+)/vote/$', 'myproject.apps.polls.views.vote'),
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)
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)
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We're using two generic views here: ``object_list`` and ``object_detail``.
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We're using two generic views here: ``object_list`` and ``object_detail``.
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@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ In the ``vote()`` view, change the template call from ``polls/detail`` to
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``polls/polls_detail``, and pass ``object`` in the context instead of ``poll``.
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``polls/polls_detail``, and pass ``object`` in the context instead of ``poll``.
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Finally, you can delete the ``index()``, ``detail()`` and ``results()`` views
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Finally, you can delete the ``index()``, ``detail()`` and ``results()`` views
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from ``polls/views/polls.py``. We don't need them anymore.
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from ``polls/views.py``. We don't need them anymore.
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For full details on generic views, see the `generic views documentation`_.
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For full details on generic views, see the `generic views documentation`_.
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