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Standardized indentation in docs/howto/custom-management-commands.txt.
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Tim Graham
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@ -41,9 +41,9 @@ The ``closepoll.py`` module has only one requirement -- it must define a class
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.. admonition:: Standalone scripts
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Custom management commands are especially useful for running standalone
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scripts or for scripts that are periodically executed from the UNIX crontab
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or from Windows scheduled tasks control panel.
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Custom management commands are especially useful for running standalone
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scripts or for scripts that are periodically executed from the UNIX crontab
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or from Windows scheduled tasks control panel.
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To implement the command, edit ``polls/management/commands/closepoll.py`` to
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look like this::
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@ -69,13 +69,15 @@ look like this::
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self.stdout.write('Successfully closed poll "%s"' % poll_id)
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Before Django 1.8, management commands were based on the :py:mod:`optparse`
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module, and positional arguments were passed in ``*args`` while optional
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arguments were passed in ``**options``. Now that management commands use
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:py:mod:`argparse` for argument parsing, all arguments are passed in
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``**options`` by default, unless you name your positional arguments to ``args``
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(compatibility mode). You are encouraged to exclusively use ``**options`` for
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new commands.
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.. versionchanged:: 1.8
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Before Django 1.8, management commands were based on the :py:mod:`optparse`
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module, and positional arguments were passed in ``*args`` while optional
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arguments were passed in ``**options``. Now that management commands use
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:py:mod:`argparse` for argument parsing, all arguments are passed in
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``**options`` by default, unless you name your positional arguments to
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``args`` (compatibility mode). You are encouraged to exclusively use
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``**options`` for new commands.
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.. _management-commands-output:
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@ -227,81 +229,79 @@ All attributes can be set in your derived class and can be used in
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.. attribute:: BaseCommand.args
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A string listing the arguments accepted by the command,
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suitable for use in help messages; e.g., a command which takes
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a list of application names might set this to '<app_label
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app_label ...>'.
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A string listing the arguments accepted by the command,
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suitable for use in help messages; e.g., a command which takes
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a list of application names might set this to '<app_label
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app_label ...>'.
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.. deprecated:: 1.8
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.. deprecated:: 1.8
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This should be done now in the :meth:`~BaseCommand.add_arguments()`
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method, by calling the ``parser.add_argument()`` method. See the
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``closepoll`` example above.
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This should be done now in the :meth:`~BaseCommand.add_arguments()`
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method, by calling the ``parser.add_argument()`` method. See the
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``closepoll`` example above.
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.. attribute:: BaseCommand.can_import_settings
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A boolean indicating whether the command needs to be able to
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import Django settings; if ``True``, ``execute()`` will verify
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that this is possible before proceeding. Default value is
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``True``.
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A boolean indicating whether the command needs to be able to
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import Django settings; if ``True``, ``execute()`` will verify
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that this is possible before proceeding. Default value is
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``True``.
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.. attribute:: BaseCommand.help
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A short description of the command, which will be printed in the
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help message when the user runs the command
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``python manage.py help <command>``.
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A short description of the command, which will be printed in the
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help message when the user runs the command
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``python manage.py help <command>``.
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.. attribute:: BaseCommand.missing_args_message
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.. versionadded:: 1.8
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.. versionadded:: 1.8
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If your command defines mandatory positional arguments, you can customize
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the message error returned in the case of missing arguments. The default is
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output by :py:mod:`argparse` ("too few arguments").
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If your command defines mandatory positional arguments, you can customize
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the message error returned in the case of missing arguments. The default is
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output by :py:mod:`argparse` ("too few arguments").
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.. attribute:: BaseCommand.option_list
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This is the list of ``optparse`` options which will be fed
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into the command's ``OptionParser`` for parsing arguments.
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This is the list of ``optparse`` options which will be fed
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into the command's ``OptionParser`` for parsing arguments.
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.. deprecated:: 1.8
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.. deprecated:: 1.8
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You should now override the :meth:`~BaseCommand.add_arguments` method to
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add custom arguments accepted by your command.
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See :ref:`the example above <custom-commands-options>`.
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You should now override the :meth:`~BaseCommand.add_arguments` method
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to add custom arguments accepted by your command. See :ref:`the example
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above <custom-commands-options>`.
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.. attribute:: BaseCommand.output_transaction
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A boolean indicating whether the command outputs SQL
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statements; if ``True``, the output will automatically be
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wrapped with ``BEGIN;`` and ``COMMIT;``. Default value is
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``False``.
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A boolean indicating whether the command outputs SQL statements; if
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``True``, the output will automatically be wrapped with ``BEGIN;`` and
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``COMMIT;``. Default value is ``False``.
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.. attribute:: BaseCommand.requires_system_checks
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.. versionadded:: 1.7
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A boolean; if ``True``, the entire Django project will be checked for
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potential problems prior to executing the command. Default value is ``True``.
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A boolean; if ``True``, the entire Django project will be checked for
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potential problems prior to executing the command. Default value is ``True``.
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.. attribute:: BaseCommand.leave_locale_alone
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A boolean indicating whether the locale set in settings should be preserved
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during the execution of the command instead of being forcibly set to 'en-us'.
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A boolean indicating whether the locale set in settings should be preserved
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during the execution of the command instead of being forcibly set to 'en-us'.
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Default value is ``False``.
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Default value is ``False``.
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Make sure you know what you are doing if you decide to change the value of
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this option in your custom command if it creates database content that
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is locale-sensitive and such content shouldn't contain any translations (like
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it happens e.g. with django.contrib.auth permissions) as making the locale
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differ from the de facto default 'en-us' might cause unintended effects. See
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the `Management commands and locales`_ section above for further details.
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Make sure you know what you are doing if you decide to change the value of
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this option in your custom command if it creates database content that
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is locale-sensitive and such content shouldn't contain any translations
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(like it happens e.g. with django.contrib.auth permissions) as making the
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locale differ from the de facto default 'en-us' might cause unintended
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effects. Seethe `Management commands and locales`_ section above for
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further details.
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This option can't be ``False`` when the
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:data:`~BaseCommand.can_import_settings` option is set to ``False`` too
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because attempting to set the locale needs access to settings. This condition
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will generate a :class:`CommandError`.
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This option can't be ``False`` when the
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:data:`~BaseCommand.can_import_settings` option is set to ``False`` too
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because attempting to set the locale needs access to settings. This
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condition will generate a :class:`CommandError`.
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Methods
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-------
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@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ the :meth:`~BaseCommand.handle` method must be implemented.
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.. method:: BaseCommand.add_arguments(parser)
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.. versionadded:: 1.8
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.. versionadded:: 1.8
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Entry point to add parser arguments to handle command line arguments passed
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to the command. Custom commands should override this method to add both
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@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ the :meth:`~BaseCommand.handle` method must be implemented.
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.. method:: BaseCommand.check(app_configs=None, tags=None, display_num_errors=False)
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.. versionadded:: 1.7
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.. versionadded:: 1.7
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Uses the system check framework to inspect the entire Django project for
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potential problems. Serious problems are raised as a :class:`CommandError`;
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@ -363,8 +363,8 @@ the :meth:`~BaseCommand.handle` method must be implemented.
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.. method:: BaseCommand.validate(app=None, display_num_errors=False)
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.. deprecated:: 1.7
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Replaced with the :djadmin:`check` command
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.. deprecated:: 1.7
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Replaced with the :djadmin:`check` command
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If ``app`` is None, then all installed apps are checked for errors.
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@ -390,17 +390,16 @@ each application.
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.. class:: LabelCommand
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A management command which takes one or more arbitrary arguments
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(labels) on the command line, and does something with each of
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them.
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A management command which takes one or more arbitrary arguments (labels) on
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the command line, and does something with each of them.
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Rather than implementing :meth:`~BaseCommand.handle`, subclasses must implement
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:meth:`~LabelCommand.handle_label`, which will be called once for each label.
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.. method:: LabelCommand.handle_label(label, **options)
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Perform the command's actions for ``label``, which will be the
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string as given on the command line.
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Perform the command's actions for ``label``, which will be the string as
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given on the command line.
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.. class:: NoArgsCommand
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@ -425,16 +424,13 @@ Command exceptions
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.. class:: CommandError
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Exception class indicating a problem while executing a management
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command.
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Exception class indicating a problem while executing a management command.
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If this exception is raised during the execution of a management
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command from a command line console, it will be caught and turned into a
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nicely-printed error message to the appropriate output stream (i.e., stderr);
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as a result, raising this exception (with a sensible description of the
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error) is the preferred way to indicate that something has gone
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wrong in the execution of a command.
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If this exception is raised during the execution of a management command from a
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command line console, it will be caught and turned into a nicely-printed error
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message to the appropriate output stream (i.e., stderr); as a result, raising
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this exception (with a sensible description of the error) is the preferred way
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to indicate that something has gone wrong in the execution of a command.
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If a management command is called from code through
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:ref:`call_command <call-command>`, it's up to you to catch the exception
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when needed.
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If a management command is called from code through :ref:`call_command
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<call-command>`, it's up to you to catch the exception when needed.
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