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Fixed #21938 -- Moved documentation for error views to reference guide.

This commit is contained in:
Jonathan Lindén 2014-05-24 22:39:55 +02:00 committed by Tim Graham
parent 7b064e5390
commit 5b98ba08e2
2 changed files with 115 additions and 115 deletions
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103
docs/ref/views.txt
View File

@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ Several of Django's built-in views are documented in
:doc:`/topics/http/views` as well as elsewhere in the documentation. :doc:`/topics/http/views` as well as elsewhere in the documentation.
Serving files in development Serving files in development
---------------------------- ============================
.. function:: static.serve(request, path, document_root, show_indexes=False) .. function:: static.serve(request, path, document_root, show_indexes=False)
@ -47,3 +47,104 @@ ships with a small URL helper function :func:`~django.conf.urls.static.static`
that takes as parameters the prefix such as :setting:`MEDIA_URL` and a dotted that takes as parameters the prefix such as :setting:`MEDIA_URL` and a dotted
path to a view, such as ``'django.views.static.serve'``. Any other function path to a view, such as ``'django.views.static.serve'``. Any other function
parameter will be transparently passed to the view. parameter will be transparently passed to the view.
.. _error-views:
Error views
===========
Django comes with a few views by default for handling HTTP errors. To override
these with your own custom views, see :ref:`customizing-error-views`.
.. _http_not_found_view:
The 404 (page not found) view
-----------------------------
.. function:: defaults.page_not_found(request, template_name='404.html')
When you raise :exc:`~django.http.Http404` from within a view, Django loads a
special view devoted to handling 404 errors. By default, it's the view
:func:`django.views.defaults.page_not_found`, which either produces a very
simple "Not Found" message or loads and renders the template ``404.html`` if
you created it in your root template directory.
The default 404 view will pass one variable to the template: ``request_path``,
which is the URL that resulted in the error.
Three things to note about 404 views:
* The 404 view is also called if Django doesn't find a match after
checking every regular expression in the URLconf.
* The 404 view is passed a :class:`~django.template.RequestContext` and
will have access to variables supplied by your
:setting:`TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS` setting (e.g., ``MEDIA_URL``).
* If :setting:`DEBUG` is set to ``True`` (in your settings module), then
your 404 view will never be used, and your URLconf will be displayed
instead, with some debug information.
.. _http_internal_server_error_view:
The 500 (server error) view
---------------------------
.. function:: defaults.server_error(request, template_name='500.html')
Similarly, Django executes special-case behavior in the case of runtime errors
in view code. If a view results in an exception, Django will, by default, call
the view ``django.views.defaults.server_error``, which either produces a very
simple "Server Error" message or loads and renders the template ``500.html`` if
you created it in your root template directory.
The default 500 view passes no variables to the ``500.html`` template and is
rendered with an empty ``Context`` to lessen the chance of additional errors.
If :setting:`DEBUG` is set to ``True`` (in your settings module), then
your 500 view will never be used, and the traceback will be displayed
instead, with some debug information.
.. _http_forbidden_view:
The 403 (HTTP Forbidden) view
-----------------------------
.. function:: defaults.permission_denied(request, template_name='403.html')
In the same vein as the 404 and 500 views, Django has a view to handle 403
Forbidden errors. If a view results in a 403 exception then Django will, by
default, call the view ``django.views.defaults.permission_denied``.
This view loads and renders the template ``403.html`` in your root template
directory, or if this file does not exist, instead serves the text
"403 Forbidden", as per :rfc:`2616` (the HTTP 1.1 Specification).
``django.views.defaults.permission_denied`` is triggered by a
:exc:`~django.core.exceptions.PermissionDenied` exception. To deny access in a
view you can use code like this::
from django.core.exceptions import PermissionDenied
def edit(request, pk):
if not request.user.is_staff:
raise PermissionDenied
# ...
.. _http_bad_request_view:
The 400 (bad request) view
--------------------------
.. function:: defaults.bad_request(request, template_name='400.html')
When a :exc:`~django.core.exceptions.SuspiciousOperation` is raised in Django,
it may be handled by a component of Django (for example resetting the session
data). If not specifically handled, Django will consider the current request a
'bad request' instead of a server error.
``django.views.defaults.bad_request``, is otherwise very similar to the
``server_error`` view, but returns with the status code 400 indicating that
the error condition was the result of a client operation.
``bad_request`` views are also only used when :setting:`DEBUG` is ``False``.

127
docs/topics/http/views.txt
View File

@ -133,128 +133,27 @@ called ``404.html`` and located in the top level of your template tree.
Customizing error views Customizing error views
======================= =======================
.. _http_not_found_view: The default error views in Django should suffice for most Web applications,
but can easily be overridden if you need any custom behavior. Simply specify
the handlers as seen below in your URLconf (setting them anywhere else will
have no effect).
The 404 (page not found) view The :func:`~django.views.defaults.page_not_found` view is overridden by
----------------------------- :data:`~django.conf.urls.handler404`::
.. function:: django.views.defaults.page_not_found(request, template_name='404.html') handler404 = 'mysite.views.my_custom_page_not_found_view'
When you raise :exc:`~django.http.Http404` from within a view, Django loads a The :func:`~django.views.defaults.server_error` view is overridden by
special view devoted to handling 404 errors. By default, it's the view :data:`~django.conf.urls.handler500`::
:func:`django.views.defaults.page_not_found`, which either produces a very
simple "Not Found" message or loads and renders the template ``404.html`` if
you created it in your root template directory.
The default 404 view will pass one variable to the template: ``request_path``,
which is the URL that resulted in the error.
The ``page_not_found`` view should suffice for 99% of Web applications, but if
you want to override it, you can specify :data:`~django.conf.urls.handler404`
in your root URLconf (setting ``handler404`` anywhere else will have no
effect), like so::
handler404 = 'mysite.views.my_custom_404_view'
Behind the scenes, Django determines the 404 view by looking for
``handler404`` in your root URLconf, and falling back to
``django.views.defaults.page_not_found`` if you did not define one.
Three things to note about 404 views:
* The 404 view is also called if Django doesn't find a match after
checking every regular expression in the URLconf.
* The 404 view is passed a :class:`~django.template.RequestContext` and
will have access to variables supplied by your
:setting:`TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS` setting (e.g., ``MEDIA_URL``).
* If :setting:`DEBUG` is set to ``True`` (in your settings module), then
your 404 view will never be used, and your URLconf will be displayed
instead, with some debug information.
.. _http_internal_server_error_view:
The 500 (server error) view
----------------------------
.. function:: django.views.defaults.server_error(request, template_name='500.html')
Similarly, Django executes special-case behavior in the case of runtime errors
in view code. If a view results in an exception, Django will, by default, call
the view ``django.views.defaults.server_error``, which either produces a very
simple "Server Error" message or loads and renders the template ``500.html`` if
you created it in your root template directory.
The default 500 view passes no variables to the ``500.html`` template and is
rendered with an empty ``Context`` to lessen the chance of additional errors.
This ``server_error`` view should suffice for 99% of Web applications, but if
you want to override the view, you can specify
:data:`~django.conf.urls.handler500` in your root URLconf, like so::
handler500 = 'mysite.views.my_custom_error_view' handler500 = 'mysite.views.my_custom_error_view'
Behind the scenes, Django determines the 500 view by looking for The :func:`~django.views.defaults.permission_denied` view is overridden by
``handler500`` in your root URLconf, and falling back to :data:`~django.conf.urls.handler403`::
``django.views.defaults.server_error`` if you did not define one.
If :setting:`DEBUG` is set to ``True`` (in your settings module), then
your 500 view will never be used, and the traceback will be displayed
instead, with some debug information.
.. _http_forbidden_view:
The 403 (HTTP Forbidden) view
-----------------------------
.. function:: django.views.defaults.permission_denied(request, template_name='403.html')
In the same vein as the 404 and 500 views, Django has a view to handle 403
Forbidden errors. If a view results in a 403 exception then Django will, by
default, call the view ``django.views.defaults.permission_denied``.
This view loads and renders the template ``403.html`` in your root template
directory, or if this file does not exist, instead serves the text
"403 Forbidden", as per :rfc:`2616` (the HTTP 1.1 Specification).
``django.views.defaults.permission_denied`` is triggered by a
:exc:`~django.core.exceptions.PermissionDenied` exception. To deny access in a
view you can use code like this::
from django.core.exceptions import PermissionDenied
def edit(request, pk):
if not request.user.is_staff:
raise PermissionDenied
# ...
It is possible to override ``django.views.defaults.permission_denied`` in the
same way you can for the 404 and 500 views by specifying a
:data:`~django.conf.urls.handler403` in your root URLconf::
handler403 = 'mysite.views.my_custom_permission_denied_view' handler403 = 'mysite.views.my_custom_permission_denied_view'
.. _http_bad_request_view: The :func:`~django.views.defaults.bad_request` view is overridden by
:data:`~django.conf.urls.handler400`::
The 400 (bad request) view
--------------------------
.. function:: django.views.defaults.bad_request(request, template_name='400.html')
When a :exc:`~django.core.exceptions.SuspiciousOperation` is raised in Django,
it may be handled by a component of Django (for example resetting the session
data). If not specifically handled, Django will consider the current request a
'bad request' instead of a server error.
``django.views.defaults.bad_request``, is otherwise very similar to the
``server_error`` view, but returns with the status code 400 indicating that
the error condition was the result of a client operation.
Like ``server_error``, the default ``bad_request`` should suffice for
99% of Web applications, but if you want to override the view, you can specify
:data:`~django.conf.urls.handler400` in your root URLconf, like so::
handler400 = 'mysite.views.my_custom_bad_request_view' handler400 = 'mysite.views.my_custom_bad_request_view'
``bad_request`` views are also only used when :setting:`DEBUG` is ``False``.