diff --git a/django/middleware/cache.py b/django/middleware/cache.py
index 7789c3492c6..6302a172c75 100644
--- a/django/middleware/cache.py
+++ b/django/middleware/cache.py
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ More details about how the caching works:
 
 from django.conf import settings
 from django.core.cache import get_cache, DEFAULT_CACHE_ALIAS
-from django.utils.cache import get_cache_key, learn_cache_key, patch_response_headers, get_max_age, has_vary_header
+from django.utils.cache import get_cache_key, learn_cache_key, patch_response_headers, get_max_age
 
 
 class UpdateCacheMiddleware(object):
@@ -69,10 +69,19 @@ class UpdateCacheMiddleware(object):
         self.cache_alias = settings.CACHE_MIDDLEWARE_ALIAS
         self.cache = get_cache(self.cache_alias)
 
+    def _session_accessed(self, request):
+        try:
+            return request.session.accessed
+        except AttributeError:
+            return False
+
     def _should_update_cache(self, request, response):
         if not hasattr(request, '_cache_update_cache') or not request._cache_update_cache:
             return False
-        if self.cache_anonymous_only and has_vary_header(response, 'Cookie'):
+        # If the session has not been accessed otherwise, we don't want to
+        # cause it to be accessed here. If it hasn't been accessed, then the
+        # user's logged-in status has not affected the response anyway.
+        if self.cache_anonymous_only and self._session_accessed(request):
             assert hasattr(request, 'user'), "The Django cache middleware with CACHE_MIDDLEWARE_ANONYMOUS_ONLY=True requires authentication middleware to be installed. Edit your MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES setting to insert 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware' before the CacheMiddleware."
             if request.user.is_authenticated():
                 # Don't cache user-variable requests from authenticated users.
diff --git a/tests/regressiontests/cache/tests.py b/tests/regressiontests/cache/tests.py
index ac85f2de747..b31f9a4c55f 100644
--- a/tests/regressiontests/cache/tests.py
+++ b/tests/regressiontests/cache/tests.py
@@ -1256,6 +1256,28 @@ class CacheMiddlewareTest(unittest.TestCase):
 
         self.assertEqual(request.session.accessed, False)
 
+    def test_cache_middleware_anonymous_only_with_cache_page(self):
+        """CACHE_MIDDLEWARE_ANONYMOUS_ONLY should still be effective when used
+        with the cache_page decorator: the response to a request from an
+        authenticated user should not be cached."""
+        settings.CACHE_MIDDLEWARE_ANONYMOUS_ONLY = True
+
+        request = self.factory.get('/view_anon/')
+
+        class MockAuthenticatedUser(object):
+            def is_authenticated(self):
+                return True
+
+        class MockAccessedSession(object):
+            accessed = True
+
+        request.user = MockAuthenticatedUser()
+        request.session = MockAccessedSession()
+
+        response = cache_page(hello_world_view)(request, '1')
+
+        self.assertFalse("Cache-Control" in response)
+
     def test_view_decorator(self):
         # decorate the same view with different cache decorators
         default_view = cache_page(hello_world_view)
diff --git a/tests/regressiontests/cache/urls.py b/tests/regressiontests/cache/urls.py
deleted file mode 100644
index b98447bfa3d..00000000000
--- a/tests/regressiontests/cache/urls.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-from django.conf.urls.defaults import patterns
-
-urlpatterns = patterns('regressiontests.cache.views',
-    (r'^$', 'home'),
-)
diff --git a/tests/regressiontests/cache/views.py b/tests/regressiontests/cache/views.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 9b72f03f563..00000000000
--- a/tests/regressiontests/cache/views.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-from django.http import HttpResponse
-
-def home(request):
-    return HttpResponse('Hello World!')