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@ -57,10 +57,6 @@ API reference
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Fields
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Fields
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~~~~~~
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~~~~~~
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TODO document which attributes/methods come from AbstractBaseUser
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TODO tone down references to get_profile - it's not the best way of doing things
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any more.
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.. class:: models.User
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.. class:: models.User
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:class:`~django.contrib.auth.models.User` objects have the following
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:class:`~django.contrib.auth.models.User` objects have the following
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@ -254,6 +250,12 @@ Methods
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.. method:: models.User.get_profile()
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.. method:: models.User.get_profile()
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.. deprecated:: 1.5
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With the introduction of :ref:`custom User models <auth-custom-user>`,
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the use of :setting:`AUTH_PROFILE_MODULE` to define a single profile
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model is no longer supported. See the
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:doc:`Django 1.5 release notes</releases/1.5>` for more information.
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Returns a site-specific profile for this user. Raises
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Returns a site-specific profile for this user. Raises
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:exc:`django.contrib.auth.models.SiteProfileNotAvailable` if the
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:exc:`django.contrib.auth.models.SiteProfileNotAvailable` if the
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current site doesn't allow profiles, or
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current site doesn't allow profiles, or
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@ -1784,6 +1786,12 @@ model that you wish to use as your User model.
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to set :setting:`AUTH_USER_MODEL`, you should set it before running
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to set :setting:`AUTH_USER_MODEL`, you should set it before running
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``manage.py syncdb`` for the first time.
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``manage.py syncdb`` for the first time.
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If you have an existing project and you want to migrate to using a custom
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User model, you may need to look into using a migration tool like South_
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to ease the transition.
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.. _South: http://south.aeracode.org
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Referencing the User model
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Referencing the User model
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--------------------------
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--------------------------
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@ -1821,22 +1829,50 @@ Specifying a custom User model
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apps. On the other hand, queries to retrieve this related information
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apps. On the other hand, queries to retrieve this related information
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will involve a database join, which may have an effect on performance.
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will involve a database join, which may have an effect on performance.
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Django expects your custom User model to meet some minimum requirements. The
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Django expects your custom User model to meet some minimum requirements.
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easiest way to construct a compliant custom User model is to inherit from
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:class:`~django.contrib.auth.models.AbstractBaseUser` and provide some key
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1. Your model must have a single unique field that can be used for
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definitions:
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identification purposes. This can be a username, an email address,
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or any other unique attribute.
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2. Your model must provide a way to address the user in a "short" and
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"long" form. The most common interpretation of this would be to use
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the user's given name as the "short" identifier, and the user's full
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name as the "long" identifier. However, there are no constraints on
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what these two methods return - if you want, they can return exactly
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the same value.
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The easiest way to construct a compliant custom User model is to inherit from
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:class:`~django.contrib.auth.models.AbstractBaseUser`.
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:class:`~django.contrib.auth.models.AbstractBaseUser` provides the core
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implementation of a `User` model, including hashed passwords and tokenized
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password resets. You must then provide some key implementation details:
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.. attribute:: User.USERNAME_FIELD
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.. attribute:: User.USERNAME_FIELD
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A string describing the name of the field on the User model that is
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A string describing the name of the field on the User model that is
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used as the unique identifier. This will usually be a username of
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used as the unique identifier. This will usually be a username of
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some kind, but it can also be an email address, or any other unique
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some kind, but it can also be an email address, or any other unique
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identifier.
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identifier. In the following example, the field `identifier` is used
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as the identifying field::
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class MyUser(AbstractBaseUser):
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identfier = models.CharField(max_length=40, unique=True, db_index=True)
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...
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USERNAME_FIELD = 'identifier'
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.. attribute:: User.REQUIRED_FIELDS
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.. attribute:: User.REQUIRED_FIELDS
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A list of the field names that *must* be provided when creating
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A list of the field names that *must* be provided when creating
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a user.
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a user. For example, here is the partial definition for a User model
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that defines two required fields - a date of birth and height::
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class MyUser(AbstractBaseUser):
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...
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date_of_birth = models.DateField()
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height = models.FloatField()
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...
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REQUIRED_FIELDS = ['date_of_birth', 'height']
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.. method:: User.get_full_name():
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.. method:: User.get_full_name():
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@ -1855,8 +1891,9 @@ You should also define a custom manager for your User model. If your User
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model defines `username` and `email` fields the same as Django's default User,
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model defines `username` and `email` fields the same as Django's default User,
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you can just install Django's
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you can just install Django's
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:class:`~django.contrib.auth.models.UserManager`; however, if your User model
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:class:`~django.contrib.auth.models.UserManager`; however, if your User model
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defines different fields, you will need to define a custom manager with 2
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defines different fields, you will need to define a custom manager that
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methods.
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extends :class:`~django.contrib.auth.models.BaseUserManager` providing two
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additional methods:
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.. method:: UserManager.create_user(username, password=None, **other_fields)
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.. method:: UserManager.create_user(username, password=None, **other_fields)
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@ -1890,7 +1927,7 @@ control access of the User to admin content:
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.. attribute:: User.is_staff
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.. attribute:: User.is_staff
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Returns True if the user is a member of staff.
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Returns True if the user is allowed to have access to the admin site.
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.. attribute:: User.is_active
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.. attribute:: User.is_active
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@ -1908,10 +1945,10 @@ control access of the User to admin content:
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the given app.
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the given app.
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Worked Example
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A full example
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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--------------
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As a worked example, here is a full models.py for an admin-compliant custom
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Here is an example of a full models.py for an admin-compliant custom
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user app. This user model uses an email address as the username, and has a
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user app. This user model uses an email address as the username, and has a
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required date of birth; it provides no permission checking, beyond a simple
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required date of birth; it provides no permission checking, beyond a simple
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`admin` flag on the user account::
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`admin` flag on the user account::
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