.. _ref-gis-install: ====================== GeoDjango Installation ====================== .. highlight:: console Overview ======== In general, GeoDjango installation requires: 1. :ref:`Python and Django ` 2. :ref:`spatial_database` 3. :ref:`geospatial_libs` Details for each of the requirements and installation instructions are provided in the sections below. In addition, platform-specific instructions are available for: * :ref:`macosx` * :ref:`windows` .. admonition:: Use the Source Because GeoDjango takes advantage of the latest in the open source geospatial software technology, recent versions of the libraries are necessary. If binary packages aren't available for your platform, installation from source may be required. When compiling the libraries from source, please follow the directions closely, especially if you're a beginner. Requirements ============ .. _django: Python and Django ----------------- Because GeoDjango is included with Django, please refer to Django's :ref:`installation instructions ` for details on how to install. .. _spatial_database: Spatial database ---------------- PostgreSQL (with PostGIS), MySQL, Oracle, and SQLite (with SpatiaLite) are the spatial databases currently supported. .. note:: PostGIS is recommended, because it is the most mature and feature-rich open source spatial database. The geospatial libraries required for a GeoDjango installation depends on the spatial database used. The following lists the library requirements, supported versions, and any notes for each of the supported database backends: ================== ============================== ================== ========================================= Database Library Requirements Supported Versions Notes ================== ============================== ================== ========================================= PostgreSQL GEOS, PROJ.4, PostGIS 8.2+ Requires PostGIS. MySQL GEOS 5.x Not OGC-compliant; limited functionality. Oracle GEOS 10.2, 11 XE not supported; not tested with 9. SQLite GEOS, GDAL, PROJ.4, SpatiaLite 3.6.+ Requires SpatiaLite 2.3+, pysqlite2 2.5+ ================== ============================== ================== ========================================= See also `this comparison matrix`__ on the OSGeo Wiki for PostgreSQL/PostGIS/GEOS/GDAL possible combinations. __ http://trac.osgeo.org/postgis/wiki/UsersWikiPostgreSQLPostGIS Installation ============ Geospatial libraries -------------------- .. toctree:: :maxdepth: 1 geolibs Database installation --------------------- .. toctree:: :maxdepth: 1 postgis spatialite Add ``django.contrib.gis`` to :setting:`INSTALLED_APPS` ------------------------------------------------------- Like other Django contrib applications, you will *only* need to add :mod:`django.contrib.gis` to :setting:`INSTALLED_APPS` in your settings. This is the so that ``gis`` templates can be located -- if not done, then features such as the geographic admin or KML sitemaps will not function properly. .. _addgoogleprojection: Add Google projection to ``spatial_ref_sys`` table -------------------------------------------------- .. note:: If you're running PostGIS 1.4 or above, you can skip this step. The entry is already included in the default ``spatial_ref_sys`` table. In order to conduct database transformations to the so-called "Google" projection (a spherical mercator projection used by Google Maps), an entry must be added to your spatial database's ``spatial_ref_sys`` table. Invoke the Django shell from your project and execute the ``add_srs_entry`` function: .. code-block:: pycon $ python manage.py shell >>> from django.contrib.gis.utils import add_srs_entry >>> add_srs_entry(900913) This adds an entry for the 900913 SRID to the ``spatial_ref_sys`` (or equivalent) table, making it possible for the spatial database to transform coordinates in this projection. You only need to execute this command *once* per spatial database. Troubleshooting =============== If you can't find the solution to your problem here then participate in the community! You can: * Join the ``#geodjango`` IRC channel on FreeNode. Please be patient and polite -- while you may not get an immediate response, someone will attempt to answer your question as soon as they see it. * Ask your question on the `GeoDjango`__ mailing list. * File a ticket on the `Django trac`__ if you think there's a bug. Make sure to provide a complete description of the problem, versions used, and specify the component as "GIS". __ http://groups.google.com/group/geodjango __ https://code.djangoproject.com/newticket .. _libsettings: Library environment settings ---------------------------- By far, the most common problem when installing GeoDjango is that the external shared libraries (e.g., for GEOS and GDAL) cannot be located. [#]_ Typically, the cause of this problem is that the operating system isn't aware of the directory where the libraries built from source were installed. In general, the library path may be set on a per-user basis by setting an environment variable, or by configuring the library path for the entire system. ``LD_LIBRARY_PATH`` environment variable ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ A user may set this environment variable to customize the library paths they want to use. The typical library directory for software built from source is ``/usr/local/lib``. Thus, ``/usr/local/lib`` needs to be included in the ``LD_LIBRARY_PATH`` variable. For example, the user could place the following in their bash profile:: export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib Setting system library path ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ On GNU/Linux systems, there is typically a file in ``/etc/ld.so.conf``, which may include additional paths from files in another directory, such as ``/etc/ld.so.conf.d``. As the root user, add the custom library path (like ``/usr/local/lib``) on a new line in ``ld.so.conf``. This is *one* example of how to do so:: $ sudo echo /usr/local/lib >> /etc/ld.so.conf $ sudo ldconfig For OpenSolaris users, the system library path may be modified using the ``crle`` utility. Run ``crle`` with no options to see the current configuration and use ``crle -l`` to set with the new library path. Be *very* careful when modifying the system library path:: # crle -l $OLD_PATH:/usr/local/lib .. _binutils: Install ``binutils`` ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ GeoDjango uses the ``find_library`` function (from the ``ctypes.util`` Python module) to discover libraries. The ``find_library`` routine uses a program called ``objdump`` (part of the ``binutils`` package) to verify a shared library on GNU/Linux systems. Thus, if ``binutils`` is not installed on your Linux system then Python's ctypes may not be able to find your library even if your library path is set correctly and geospatial libraries were built perfectly. The ``binutils`` package may be installed on Debian and Ubuntu systems using the following command:: $ sudo apt-get install binutils Similarly, on Red Hat and CentOS systems:: $ sudo yum install binutils Platform-specific instructions ============================== .. _macosx: Mac OS X -------- Because of the variety of packaging systems available for OS X, users have several different options for installing GeoDjango. These options are: * :ref:`homebrew` * :ref:`kyngchaos` * :ref:`fink` * :ref:`macports` * :ref:`build_from_source` .. note:: Currently, the easiest and recommended approach for installing GeoDjango on OS X is to use the KyngChaos packages. This section also includes instructions for installing an upgraded version of :ref:`macosx_python` from packages provided by the Python Software Foundation, however, this is not required. .. _macosx_python: Python ^^^^^^ Although OS X comes with Python installed, users can use framework installers (`2.6`__ and `2.7`__ are available) provided by the Python Software Foundation. An advantage to using the installer is that OS X's Python will remain "pristine" for internal operating system use. __ http://python.org/ftp/python/2.6.6/python-2.6.6-macosx10.3.dmg __ http://python.org/ftp/python/2.7.3/ .. note:: You will need to modify the ``PATH`` environment variable in your ``.profile`` file so that the new version of Python is used when ``python`` is entered at the command-line:: export PATH=/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/Current/bin:$PATH .. _homebrew: Homebrew ^^^^^^^^ `Homebrew`__ provides "recipes" for building binaries and packages from source. It provides recipes for the GeoDjango prerequisites on Macintosh computers running OS X. Because Homebrew still builds the software from source, the `Apple Developer Tools`_ are required. Summary:: $ brew install postgresql $ brew install postgis $ brew install gdal $ brew install libgeoip __ http://mxcl.github.com/homebrew/ .. _Apple Developer Tools: https://developer.apple.com/technologies/tools/ .. _kyngchaos: KyngChaos packages ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ William Kyngesburye provides a number of `geospatial library binary packages`__ that make it simple to get GeoDjango installed on OS X without compiling them from source. However, the `Apple Developer Tools`_ are still necessary for compiling the Python database adapters :ref:`psycopg2_kyngchaos` (for PostGIS) and :ref:`pysqlite2` (for SpatiaLite). .. note:: SpatiaLite users should consult the :ref:`spatialite_macosx` section after installing the packages for additional instructions. Download the framework packages for: * UnixImageIO * PROJ * GEOS * SQLite3 (includes the SpatiaLite library) * GDAL Install the packages in the order they are listed above, as the GDAL and SQLite packages require the packages listed before them. Afterwards, you can also install the KyngChaos binary packages for `PostgreSQL and PostGIS`__. After installing the binary packages, you'll want to add the following to your ``.profile`` to be able to run the package programs from the command-line:: export PATH=/Library/Frameworks/UnixImageIO.framework/Programs:$PATH export PATH=/Library/Frameworks/PROJ.framework/Programs:$PATH export PATH=/Library/Frameworks/GEOS.framework/Programs:$PATH export PATH=/Library/Frameworks/SQLite3.framework/Programs:$PATH export PATH=/Library/Frameworks/GDAL.framework/Programs:$PATH export PATH=/usr/local/pgsql/bin:$PATH __ http://www.kyngchaos.com/software/frameworks __ http://www.kyngchaos.com/software/postgres .. _psycopg2_kyngchaos: psycopg2 ~~~~~~~~ After you've installed the KyngChaos binaries and modified your ``PATH``, as described above, ``psycopg2`` may be installed using the following command:: $ sudo pip install psycopg2 .. note:: If you don't have ``pip``, follow the :ref:`installation instructions ` to install it. .. _fink: Fink ^^^^ `Kurt Schwehr`__ has been gracious enough to create GeoDjango packages for users of the `Fink`__ package system. The following packages are available, depending on which version of Python you want to use: * ``django-gis-py26`` * ``django-gis-py25`` * ``django-gis-py24`` __ http://schwehr.org/blog/ __ http://www.finkproject.org/ .. _macports: MacPorts ^^^^^^^^ `MacPorts`__ may be used to install GeoDjango prerequisites on Macintosh computers running OS X. Because MacPorts still builds the software from source, the `Apple Developer Tools`_ are required. Summary:: $ sudo port install postgresql83-server $ sudo port install geos $ sudo port install proj $ sudo port install postgis $ sudo port install gdal +geos $ sudo port install libgeoip .. note:: You will also have to modify the ``PATH`` in your ``.profile`` so that the MacPorts programs are accessible from the command-line:: export PATH=/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/lib/postgresql83/bin In addition, add the ``DYLD_FALLBACK_LIBRARY_PATH`` setting so that the libraries can be found by Python:: export DYLD_FALLBACK_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/local/lib:/opt/local/lib/postgresql83 __ http://www.macports.org/ .. _windows: Windows ------- Proceed through the following sections sequentially in order to install GeoDjango on Windows. .. note:: These instructions assume that you are using 32-bit versions of all programs. While 64-bit versions of Python and PostgreSQL 9.0 are available, 64-bit versions of spatial libraries, like GEOS and GDAL, are not yet provided by the :ref:`OSGeo4W` installer. Python ^^^^^^ First, download the latest `Python 2.7 installer`__ from the Python Web site. Next, run the installer and keep the defaults -- for example, keep 'Install for all users' checked and the installation path set as ``C:\Python27``. .. note:: You may already have a version of Python installed in ``C:\python`` as ESRI products sometimes install a copy there. *You should still install a fresh version of Python 2.7.* __ http://python.org/download/ PostgreSQL ^^^^^^^^^^ First, download the latest `PostgreSQL 9.0 installer`__ from the `EnterpriseDB`__ Web site. After downloading, simply run the installer, follow the on-screen directions, and keep the default options unless you know the consequences of changing them. .. note:: The PostgreSQL installer creates both a new Windows user to be the 'postgres service account' and a ``postgres`` database superuser You will be prompted once to set the password for both accounts -- make sure to remember it! When the installer completes, it will ask to launch the Application Stack Builder (ASB) on exit -- keep this checked, as it is necessary to install :ref:`postgisasb`. .. note:: If installed successfully, the PostgreSQL server will run in the background each time the system as started as a Windows service. A :menuselection:`PostgreSQL 9.0` start menu group will created and contains shortcuts for the ASB as well as the 'SQL Shell', which will launch a ``psql`` command window. __ http://www.enterprisedb.com/products-services-training/pgdownload __ http://www.enterprisedb.com .. _postgisasb: PostGIS ^^^^^^^ From within the Application Stack Builder (to run outside of the installer, :menuselection:`Start --> Programs --> PostgreSQL 9.0`), select :menuselection:`PostgreSQL Database Server 9.0 on port 5432` from the drop down menu. Next, expand the :menuselection:`Categories --> Spatial Extensions` menu tree and select :menuselection:`PostGIS 1.5 for PostgreSQL 9.0`. After clicking next, you will be prompted to select your mirror, PostGIS will be downloaded, and the PostGIS installer will begin. Select only the default options during install (e.g., do not uncheck the option to create a default PostGIS database). .. note:: You will be prompted to enter your ``postgres`` database superuser password in the 'Database Connection Information' dialog. psycopg2 ^^^^^^^^ The ``psycopg2`` Python module provides the interface between Python and the PostgreSQL database. Download the latest `Windows installer`__ for your version of Python and PostgreSQL and run using the default settings. [#]_ __ http://www.stickpeople.com/projects/python/win-psycopg/ .. _osgeo4w: OSGeo4W ^^^^^^^ The `OSGeo4W installer`_ makes it simple to install the PROJ.4, GDAL, and GEOS libraries required by GeoDjango. First, download the `OSGeo4W installer`_, and run it. Select :menuselection:`Express Web-GIS Install` and click next. In the 'Select Packages' list, ensure that GDAL is selected; MapServer and Apache are also enabled by default, but are not required by GeoDjango and may be unchecked safely. After clicking next, the packages will be automatically downloaded and installed, after which you may exit the installer. .. _OSGeo4W installer: http://trac.osgeo.org/osgeo4w/ Modify Windows environment ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ In order to use GeoDjango, you will need to add your Python and OSGeo4W directories to your Windows system ``Path``, as well as create ``GDAL_DATA`` and ``PROJ_LIB`` environment variables. The following set of commands, executable with ``cmd.exe``, will set this up: .. code-block:: bat set OSGEO4W_ROOT=C:\OSGeo4W set PYTHON_ROOT=C:\Python27 set GDAL_DATA=%OSGEO4W_ROOT%\share\gdal set PROJ_LIB=%OSGEO4W_ROOT%\share\proj set PATH=%PATH%;%PYTHON_ROOT%;%OSGEO4W_ROOT%\bin reg ADD "HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment" /v Path /t REG_EXPAND_SZ /f /d "%PATH%" reg ADD "HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment" /v GDAL_DATA /t REG_EXPAND_SZ /f /d "%GDAL_DATA%" reg ADD "HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment" /v PROJ_LIB /t REG_EXPAND_SZ /f /d "%PROJ_LIB%" For your convenience, these commands are available in the executable batch script, :download:`geodjango_setup.bat`. .. note:: Administrator privileges are required to execute these commands. To do this, right-click on :download:`geodjango_setup.bat` and select :menuselection:`Run as administrator`. You need to log out and log back in again for the settings to take effect. .. note:: If you customized the Python or OSGeo4W installation directories, then you will need to modify the ``OSGEO4W_ROOT`` and/or ``PYTHON_ROOT`` variables accordingly. Install Django and set up database ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Finally, :ref:`install Django ` on your system. .. rubric:: Footnotes .. [#] GeoDjango uses the :func:`~ctypes.util.find_library` routine from ``ctypes.util`` to locate shared libraries. .. [#] The ``psycopg2`` Windows installers are packaged and maintained by `Jason Erickson `_.