from __future__ import unicode_literals import os import tempfile import warnings from django.apps import apps from django.contrib.sites.models import Site from django.core import management from django.db import IntegrityError, connection from django.test import ( TestCase, TransactionTestCase, ignore_warnings, skipUnlessDBFeature, ) from django.utils import six from django.utils.encoding import force_text from .models import Article, Spy, Tag, Visa class TestCaseFixtureLoadingTests(TestCase): fixtures = ['fixture1.json', 'fixture2.json'] def testClassFixtures(self): "Check that test case has installed 3 fixture objects" self.assertEqual(Article.objects.count(), 3) self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all(), [ '', '', '', ]) class SubclassTestCaseFixtureLoadingTests(TestCaseFixtureLoadingTests): """ Make sure that subclasses can remove fixtures from parent class (#21089). """ fixtures = [] def testClassFixtures(self): "Check that there were no fixture objects installed" self.assertEqual(Article.objects.count(), 0) class DumpDataAssertMixin(object): def _dumpdata_assert(self, args, output, format='json', filename=None, natural_foreign_keys=False, natural_primary_keys=False, use_base_manager=False, exclude_list=[], primary_keys=''): new_io = six.StringIO() if filename: filename = os.path.join(tempfile.gettempdir(), filename) management.call_command('dumpdata', *args, **{'format': format, 'stdout': new_io, 'stderr': new_io, 'output': filename, 'use_natural_foreign_keys': natural_foreign_keys, 'use_natural_primary_keys': natural_primary_keys, 'use_base_manager': use_base_manager, 'exclude': exclude_list, 'primary_keys': primary_keys}) if filename: with open(filename, "r") as f: command_output = f.read() os.remove(filename) else: command_output = new_io.getvalue().strip() if format == "json": self.assertJSONEqual(command_output, output) elif format == "xml": self.assertXMLEqual(command_output, output) else: self.assertEqual(command_output, output) class FixtureLoadingTests(DumpDataAssertMixin, TestCase): def test_loading_and_dumping(self): apps.clear_cache() Site.objects.all().delete() # Load fixture 1. Single JSON file, with two objects. management.call_command('loaddata', 'fixture1.json', verbosity=0) self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all(), [ '', '', ]) # Dump the current contents of the database as a JSON fixture self._dumpdata_assert(['fixtures'], '[{"pk": 1, "model": "fixtures.category", "fields": {"description": "Latest news stories", "title": "News Stories"}}, {"pk": 2, "model": "fixtures.article", "fields": {"headline": "Poker has no place on ESPN", "pub_date": "2006-06-16T12:00:00"}}, {"pk": 3, "model": "fixtures.article", "fields": {"headline": "Time to reform copyright", "pub_date": "2006-06-16T13:00:00"}}]') # Try just dumping the contents of fixtures.Category self._dumpdata_assert(['fixtures.Category'], '[{"pk": 1, "model": "fixtures.category", "fields": {"description": "Latest news stories", "title": "News Stories"}}]') # ...and just fixtures.Article self._dumpdata_assert(['fixtures.Article'], '[{"pk": 2, "model": "fixtures.article", "fields": {"headline": "Poker has no place on ESPN", "pub_date": "2006-06-16T12:00:00"}}, {"pk": 3, "model": "fixtures.article", "fields": {"headline": "Time to reform copyright", "pub_date": "2006-06-16T13:00:00"}}]') # ...and both self._dumpdata_assert(['fixtures.Category', 'fixtures.Article'], '[{"pk": 1, "model": "fixtures.category", "fields": {"description": "Latest news stories", "title": "News Stories"}}, {"pk": 2, "model": "fixtures.article", "fields": {"headline": "Poker has no place on ESPN", "pub_date": "2006-06-16T12:00:00"}}, {"pk": 3, "model": "fixtures.article", "fields": {"headline": "Time to reform copyright", "pub_date": "2006-06-16T13:00:00"}}]') # Specify a specific model twice self._dumpdata_assert(['fixtures.Article', 'fixtures.Article'], '[{"pk": 2, "model": "fixtures.article", "fields": {"headline": "Poker has no place on ESPN", "pub_date": "2006-06-16T12:00:00"}}, {"pk": 3, "model": "fixtures.article", "fields": {"headline": "Time to reform copyright", "pub_date": "2006-06-16T13:00:00"}}]') # Specify a dump that specifies Article both explicitly and implicitly self._dumpdata_assert(['fixtures.Article', 'fixtures'], '[{"pk": 1, "model": "fixtures.category", "fields": {"description": "Latest news stories", "title": "News Stories"}}, {"pk": 2, "model": "fixtures.article", "fields": {"headline": "Poker has no place on ESPN", "pub_date": "2006-06-16T12:00:00"}}, {"pk": 3, "model": "fixtures.article", "fields": {"headline": "Time to reform copyright", "pub_date": "2006-06-16T13:00:00"}}]') # Specify a dump that specifies Article both explicitly and implicitly, # but lists the app first (#22025). self._dumpdata_assert(['fixtures', 'fixtures.Article'], '[{"pk": 1, "model": "fixtures.category", "fields": {"description": "Latest news stories", "title": "News Stories"}}, {"pk": 2, "model": "fixtures.article", "fields": {"headline": "Poker has no place on ESPN", "pub_date": "2006-06-16T12:00:00"}}, {"pk": 3, "model": "fixtures.article", "fields": {"headline": "Time to reform copyright", "pub_date": "2006-06-16T13:00:00"}}]') # Same again, but specify in the reverse order self._dumpdata_assert(['fixtures'], '[{"pk": 1, "model": "fixtures.category", "fields": {"description": "Latest news stories", "title": "News Stories"}}, {"pk": 2, "model": "fixtures.article", "fields": {"headline": "Poker has no place on ESPN", "pub_date": "2006-06-16T12:00:00"}}, {"pk": 3, "model": "fixtures.article", "fields": {"headline": "Time to reform copyright", "pub_date": "2006-06-16T13:00:00"}}]') # Specify one model from one application, and an entire other application. self._dumpdata_assert(['fixtures.Category', 'sites'], '[{"pk": 1, "model": "fixtures.category", "fields": {"description": "Latest news stories", "title": "News Stories"}}, {"pk": 1, "model": "sites.site", "fields": {"domain": "example.com", "name": "example.com"}}]') # Load fixture 2. JSON file imported by default. Overwrites some existing objects management.call_command('loaddata', 'fixture2.json', verbosity=0) self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all(), [ '', '', '', ]) # Load fixture 3, XML format. management.call_command('loaddata', 'fixture3.xml', verbosity=0) self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all(), [ '', '', '', '', ]) # Load fixture 6, JSON file with dynamic ContentType fields. Testing ManyToOne. management.call_command('loaddata', 'fixture6.json', verbosity=0) self.assertQuerysetEqual(Tag.objects.all(), [ ' tagged "copyright">', ' tagged "law">', ], ordered=False) # Load fixture 7, XML file with dynamic ContentType fields. Testing ManyToOne. management.call_command('loaddata', 'fixture7.xml', verbosity=0) self.assertQuerysetEqual(Tag.objects.all(), [ ' tagged "copyright">', ' tagged "legal">', ' tagged "django">', ' tagged "world domination">', ], ordered=False) # Load fixture 8, JSON file with dynamic Permission fields. Testing ManyToMany. management.call_command('loaddata', 'fixture8.json', verbosity=0) self.assertQuerysetEqual(Visa.objects.all(), [ '', '', '' ], ordered=False) # Load fixture 9, XML file with dynamic Permission fields. Testing ManyToMany. management.call_command('loaddata', 'fixture9.xml', verbosity=0) self.assertQuerysetEqual(Visa.objects.all(), [ '', '', '' ], ordered=False) # object list is unaffected self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all(), [ '', '', '', '', ]) # By default, you get raw keys on dumpdata self._dumpdata_assert(['fixtures.book'], '[{"pk": 1, "model": "fixtures.book", "fields": {"name": "Music for all ages", "authors": [3, 1]}}]') # But you can get natural keys if you ask for them and they are available self._dumpdata_assert(['fixtures.book'], '[{"pk": 1, "model": "fixtures.book", "fields": {"name": "Music for all ages", "authors": [["Artist formerly known as \\"Prince\\""], ["Django Reinhardt"]]}}]', natural_foreign_keys=True) # You can also omit the primary keys for models that we can get later with natural keys. self._dumpdata_assert(['fixtures.person'], '[{"fields": {"name": "Django Reinhardt"}, "model": "fixtures.person"}, {"fields": {"name": "Stephane Grappelli"}, "model": "fixtures.person"}, {"fields": {"name": "Artist formerly known as \\"Prince\\""}, "model": "fixtures.person"}]', natural_primary_keys=True) # Dump the current contents of the database as a JSON fixture self._dumpdata_assert(['fixtures'], '[{"pk": 1, "model": "fixtures.category", "fields": {"description": "Latest news stories", "title": "News Stories"}}, {"pk": 2, "model": "fixtures.article", "fields": {"headline": "Poker on TV is great!", "pub_date": "2006-06-16T11:00:00"}}, {"pk": 3, "model": "fixtures.article", "fields": {"headline": "Copyright is fine the way it is", "pub_date": "2006-06-16T14:00:00"}}, {"pk": 4, "model": "fixtures.article", "fields": {"headline": "Django conquers world!", "pub_date": "2006-06-16T15:00:00"}}, {"pk": 5, "model": "fixtures.article", "fields": {"headline": "XML identified as leading cause of cancer", "pub_date": "2006-06-16T16:00:00"}}, {"pk": 1, "model": "fixtures.tag", "fields": {"tagged_type": ["fixtures", "article"], "name": "copyright", "tagged_id": 3}}, {"pk": 2, "model": "fixtures.tag", "fields": {"tagged_type": ["fixtures", "article"], "name": "legal", "tagged_id": 3}}, {"pk": 3, "model": "fixtures.tag", "fields": {"tagged_type": ["fixtures", "article"], "name": "django", "tagged_id": 4}}, {"pk": 4, "model": "fixtures.tag", "fields": {"tagged_type": ["fixtures", "article"], "name": "world domination", "tagged_id": 4}}, {"pk": 1, "model": "fixtures.person", "fields": {"name": "Django Reinhardt"}}, {"pk": 2, "model": "fixtures.person", "fields": {"name": "Stephane Grappelli"}}, {"pk": 3, "model": "fixtures.person", "fields": {"name": "Artist formerly known as \\"Prince\\""}}, {"pk": 1, "model": "fixtures.visa", "fields": {"person": ["Django Reinhardt"], "permissions": [["add_user", "auth", "user"], ["change_user", "auth", "user"], ["delete_user", "auth", "user"]]}}, {"pk": 2, "model": "fixtures.visa", "fields": {"person": ["Stephane Grappelli"], "permissions": [["add_user", "auth", "user"], ["delete_user", "auth", "user"]]}}, {"pk": 3, "model": "fixtures.visa", "fields": {"person": ["Artist formerly known as \\"Prince\\""], "permissions": [["change_user", "auth", "user"]]}}, {"pk": 1, "model": "fixtures.book", "fields": {"name": "Music for all ages", "authors": [["Artist formerly known as \\"Prince\\""], ["Django Reinhardt"]]}}]', natural_foreign_keys=True) # Dump the current contents of the database as an XML fixture self._dumpdata_assert(['fixtures'], """ News StoriesLatest news storiesPoker on TV is great!2006-06-16T11:00:00Copyright is fine the way it is2006-06-16T14:00:00Django conquers world!2006-06-16T15:00:00XML identified as leading cause of cancer2006-06-16T16:00:00copyrightfixturesarticle3legalfixturesarticle3djangofixturesarticle4world dominationfixturesarticle4Django ReinhardtStephane GrappelliArtist formerly known as "Prince"Django Reinhardtadd_userauthuserchange_userauthuserdelete_userauthuserStephane Grappelliadd_userauthuserdelete_userauthuserArtist formerly known as "Prince"change_userauthuserMusic for all agesArtist formerly known as "Prince"Django Reinhardt""", format='xml', natural_foreign_keys=True) def test_dumpdata_with_excludes(self): # Load fixture1 which has a site, two articles, and a category Site.objects.all().delete() management.call_command('loaddata', 'fixture1.json', verbosity=0) # Excluding fixtures app should only leave sites self._dumpdata_assert( ['sites', 'fixtures'], '[{"pk": 1, "model": "sites.site", "fields": {"domain": "example.com", "name": "example.com"}}]', exclude_list=['fixtures']) # Excluding fixtures.Article/Book should leave fixtures.Category self._dumpdata_assert( ['sites', 'fixtures'], '[{"pk": 1, "model": "sites.site", "fields": {"domain": "example.com", "name": "example.com"}}, {"pk": 1, "model": "fixtures.category", "fields": {"description": "Latest news stories", "title": "News Stories"}}]', exclude_list=['fixtures.Article', 'fixtures.Book']) # Excluding fixtures and fixtures.Article/Book should be a no-op self._dumpdata_assert( ['sites', 'fixtures'], '[{"pk": 1, "model": "sites.site", "fields": {"domain": "example.com", "name": "example.com"}}, {"pk": 1, "model": "fixtures.category", "fields": {"description": "Latest news stories", "title": "News Stories"}}]', exclude_list=['fixtures.Article', 'fixtures.Book']) # Excluding sites and fixtures.Article/Book should only leave fixtures.Category self._dumpdata_assert( ['sites', 'fixtures'], '[{"pk": 1, "model": "fixtures.category", "fields": {"description": "Latest news stories", "title": "News Stories"}}]', exclude_list=['fixtures.Article', 'fixtures.Book', 'sites']) # Excluding a bogus app should throw an error with six.assertRaisesRegex(self, management.CommandError, "Unknown app in excludes: foo_app"): self._dumpdata_assert(['fixtures', 'sites'], '', exclude_list=['foo_app']) # Excluding a bogus model should throw an error with six.assertRaisesRegex(self, management.CommandError, "Unknown model in excludes: fixtures.FooModel"): self._dumpdata_assert(['fixtures', 'sites'], '', exclude_list=['fixtures.FooModel']) def test_dumpdata_with_filtering_manager(self): spy1 = Spy.objects.create(name='Paul') spy2 = Spy.objects.create(name='Alex', cover_blown=True) self.assertQuerysetEqual(Spy.objects.all(), ['']) # Use the default manager self._dumpdata_assert(['fixtures.Spy'], '[{"pk": %d, "model": "fixtures.spy", "fields": {"cover_blown": false}}]' % spy1.pk) # Dump using Django's base manager. Should return all objects, # even those normally filtered by the manager self._dumpdata_assert(['fixtures.Spy'], '[{"pk": %d, "model": "fixtures.spy", "fields": {"cover_blown": true}}, {"pk": %d, "model": "fixtures.spy", "fields": {"cover_blown": false}}]' % (spy2.pk, spy1.pk), use_base_manager=True) def test_dumpdata_with_pks(self): management.call_command('loaddata', 'fixture1.json', verbosity=0) management.call_command('loaddata', 'fixture2.json', verbosity=0) self._dumpdata_assert( ['fixtures.Article'], '[{"pk": 2, "model": "fixtures.article", "fields": {"headline": "Poker has no place on ESPN", "pub_date": "2006-06-16T12:00:00"}}, {"pk": 3, "model": "fixtures.article", "fields": {"headline": "Copyright is fine the way it is", "pub_date": "2006-06-16T14:00:00"}}]', primary_keys='2,3' ) self._dumpdata_assert( ['fixtures.Article'], '[{"pk": 2, "model": "fixtures.article", "fields": {"headline": "Poker has no place on ESPN", "pub_date": "2006-06-16T12:00:00"}}]', primary_keys='2' ) with six.assertRaisesRegex(self, management.CommandError, "You can only use --pks option with one model"): self._dumpdata_assert( ['fixtures'], '[{"pk": 2, "model": "fixtures.article", "fields": {"headline": "Poker has no place on ESPN", "pub_date": "2006-06-16T12:00:00"}}, {"pk": 3, "model": "fixtures.article", "fields": {"headline": "Copyright is fine the way it is", "pub_date": "2006-06-16T14:00:00"}}]', primary_keys='2,3' ) with six.assertRaisesRegex(self, management.CommandError, "You can only use --pks option with one model"): self._dumpdata_assert( '', '[{"pk": 2, "model": "fixtures.article", "fields": {"headline": "Poker has no place on ESPN", "pub_date": "2006-06-16T12:00:00"}}, {"pk": 3, "model": "fixtures.article", "fields": {"headline": "Copyright is fine the way it is", "pub_date": "2006-06-16T14:00:00"}}]', primary_keys='2,3' ) with six.assertRaisesRegex(self, management.CommandError, "You can only use --pks option with one model"): self._dumpdata_assert( ['fixtures.Article', 'fixtures.category'], '[{"pk": 2, "model": "fixtures.article", "fields": {"headline": "Poker has no place on ESPN", "pub_date": "2006-06-16T12:00:00"}}, {"pk": 3, "model": "fixtures.article", "fields": {"headline": "Copyright is fine the way it is", "pub_date": "2006-06-16T14:00:00"}}]', primary_keys='2,3' ) def test_dumpdata_with_file_output(self): management.call_command('loaddata', 'fixture1.json', verbosity=0) self._dumpdata_assert(['fixtures'], '[{"pk": 1, "model": "fixtures.category", "fields": {"description": "Latest news stories", "title": "News Stories"}}, {"pk": 2, "model": "fixtures.article", "fields": {"headline": "Poker has no place on ESPN", "pub_date": "2006-06-16T12:00:00"}}, {"pk": 3, "model": "fixtures.article", "fields": {"headline": "Time to reform copyright", "pub_date": "2006-06-16T13:00:00"}}]', filename='dumpdata.json') def test_compress_format_loading(self): # Load fixture 4 (compressed), using format specification management.call_command('loaddata', 'fixture4.json', verbosity=0) self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all(), [ '', ]) def test_compressed_specified_loading(self): # Load fixture 5 (compressed), using format *and* compression specification management.call_command('loaddata', 'fixture5.json.zip', verbosity=0) self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all(), [ '', ]) def test_compressed_loading(self): # Load fixture 5 (compressed), only compression specification management.call_command('loaddata', 'fixture5.zip', verbosity=0) self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all(), [ '', ]) def test_ambiguous_compressed_fixture(self): # The name "fixture5" is ambiguous, so loading it will raise an error with self.assertRaises(management.CommandError) as cm: management.call_command('loaddata', 'fixture5', verbosity=0) self.assertIn("Multiple fixtures named 'fixture5'", cm.exception.args[0]) def test_db_loading(self): # Load db fixtures 1 and 2. These will load using the 'default' database identifier implicitly management.call_command('loaddata', 'db_fixture_1', verbosity=0) management.call_command('loaddata', 'db_fixture_2', verbosity=0) self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all(), [ '', '', ]) def test_loaddata_error_message(self): """ Verifies that loading a fixture which contains an invalid object outputs an error message which contains the pk of the object that triggered the error. """ # MySQL needs a little prodding to reject invalid data. # This won't affect other tests because the database connection # is closed at the end of each test. if connection.vendor == 'mysql': connection.cursor().execute("SET sql_mode = 'TRADITIONAL'") with self.assertRaises(IntegrityError) as cm: management.call_command('loaddata', 'invalid.json', verbosity=0) self.assertIn("Could not load fixtures.Article(pk=1):", cm.exception.args[0]) @ignore_warnings(category=UserWarning, message="No fixture named") def test_loaddata_app_option(self): """ Verifies that the --app option works. """ management.call_command('loaddata', 'db_fixture_1', verbosity=0, app_label="someotherapp") self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all(), []) management.call_command('loaddata', 'db_fixture_1', verbosity=0, app_label="fixtures") self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all(), [ '', ]) def test_loading_using(self): # Load db fixtures 1 and 2. These will load using the 'default' database identifier explicitly management.call_command('loaddata', 'db_fixture_1', verbosity=0, using='default') management.call_command('loaddata', 'db_fixture_2', verbosity=0, using='default') self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all(), [ '', '', ]) @ignore_warnings(category=UserWarning, message="No fixture named") def test_unmatched_identifier_loading(self): # Try to load db fixture 3. This won't load because the database identifier doesn't match management.call_command('loaddata', 'db_fixture_3', verbosity=0) management.call_command('loaddata', 'db_fixture_3', verbosity=0, using='default') self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all(), []) def test_output_formats(self): # Load back in fixture 1, we need the articles from it management.call_command('loaddata', 'fixture1', verbosity=0) # Try to load fixture 6 using format discovery management.call_command('loaddata', 'fixture6', verbosity=0) self.assertQuerysetEqual(Tag.objects.all(), [ ' tagged "copyright">', ' tagged "law">' ], ordered=False) # Dump the current contents of the database as a JSON fixture self._dumpdata_assert(['fixtures'], '[{"pk": 1, "model": "fixtures.category", "fields": {"description": "Latest news stories", "title": "News Stories"}}, {"pk": 2, "model": "fixtures.article", "fields": {"headline": "Poker has no place on ESPN", "pub_date": "2006-06-16T12:00:00"}}, {"pk": 3, "model": "fixtures.article", "fields": {"headline": "Time to reform copyright", "pub_date": "2006-06-16T13:00:00"}}, {"pk": 1, "model": "fixtures.tag", "fields": {"tagged_type": ["fixtures", "article"], "name": "copyright", "tagged_id": 3}}, {"pk": 2, "model": "fixtures.tag", "fields": {"tagged_type": ["fixtures", "article"], "name": "law", "tagged_id": 3}}, {"pk": 1, "model": "fixtures.person", "fields": {"name": "Django Reinhardt"}}, {"pk": 2, "model": "fixtures.person", "fields": {"name": "Stephane Grappelli"}}, {"pk": 3, "model": "fixtures.person", "fields": {"name": "Prince"}}]', natural_foreign_keys=True) # Dump the current contents of the database as an XML fixture self._dumpdata_assert(['fixtures'], """ News StoriesLatest news storiesPoker has no place on ESPN2006-06-16T12:00:00Time to reform copyright2006-06-16T13:00:00copyrightfixturesarticle3lawfixturesarticle3Django ReinhardtStephane GrappelliPrince""", format='xml', natural_foreign_keys=True) class NonExistentFixtureTests(TestCase): """ Custom class to limit fixture dirs. """ available_apps = ['django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes'] def test_loaddata_not_existent_fixture_file(self): stdout_output = six.StringIO() with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as w: warnings.simplefilter("always") # With verbosity=2, we get both stdout output and a warning management.call_command( 'loaddata', 'this_fixture_doesnt_exist', verbosity=2, stdout=stdout_output, ) self.assertIn("No fixture 'this_fixture_doesnt_exist' in", force_text(stdout_output.getvalue())) self.assertEqual(len(w), 1) self.assertEqual(force_text(w[0].message), "No fixture named 'this_fixture_doesnt_exist' found.") class FixtureTransactionTests(DumpDataAssertMixin, TransactionTestCase): available_apps = [ 'fixtures', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.sites', ] @skipUnlessDBFeature('supports_forward_references') def test_format_discovery(self): # Load fixture 1 again, using format discovery management.call_command('loaddata', 'fixture1', verbosity=0) self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all(), [ '', '', ]) # Try to load fixture 2 using format discovery; this will fail # because there are two fixture2's in the fixtures directory with self.assertRaises(management.CommandError) as cm: management.call_command('loaddata', 'fixture2', verbosity=0) self.assertIn("Multiple fixtures named 'fixture2'", cm.exception.args[0]) # object list is unaffected self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all(), [ '', '', ]) # Dump the current contents of the database as a JSON fixture self._dumpdata_assert(['fixtures'], '[{"pk": 1, "model": "fixtures.category", "fields": {"description": "Latest news stories", "title": "News Stories"}}, {"pk": 2, "model": "fixtures.article", "fields": {"headline": "Poker has no place on ESPN", "pub_date": "2006-06-16T12:00:00"}}, {"pk": 3, "model": "fixtures.article", "fields": {"headline": "Time to reform copyright", "pub_date": "2006-06-16T13:00:00"}}]') # Load fixture 4 (compressed), using format discovery management.call_command('loaddata', 'fixture4', verbosity=0) self.assertQuerysetEqual(Article.objects.all(), [ '', '', '', ])