django/tests/annotations/tests.py

635 lines
25 KiB
Python

import datetime
from decimal import Decimal
from django.core.exceptions import FieldDoesNotExist, FieldError
from django.db.models import (
BooleanField, CharField, Count, DateTimeField, ExpressionWrapper, F, Func,
IntegerField, NullBooleanField, OuterRef, Q, Subquery, Sum, Value,
)
from django.db.models.expressions import RawSQL
from django.db.models.functions import Length, Lower
from django.test import TestCase, skipUnlessDBFeature
from .models import (
Author, Book, Company, DepartmentStore, Employee, Publisher, Store, Ticket,
)
def cxOracle_py3_bug(func):
"""
There's a bug in Django/cx_Oracle with respect to string handling under
Python 3 (essentially, they treat Python 3 strings as Python 2 strings
rather than unicode). This makes some tests here fail under Python 3, so
we mark them as expected failures until someone fixes them in #23843.
"""
from unittest import expectedFailure
from django.db import connection
return expectedFailure(func) if connection.vendor == 'oracle' else func
class NonAggregateAnnotationTestCase(TestCase):
@classmethod
def setUpTestData(cls):
cls.a1 = Author.objects.create(name='Adrian Holovaty', age=34)
cls.a2 = Author.objects.create(name='Jacob Kaplan-Moss', age=35)
cls.a3 = Author.objects.create(name='Brad Dayley', age=45)
cls.a4 = Author.objects.create(name='James Bennett', age=29)
cls.a5 = Author.objects.create(name='Jeffrey Forcier', age=37)
cls.a6 = Author.objects.create(name='Paul Bissex', age=29)
cls.a7 = Author.objects.create(name='Wesley J. Chun', age=25)
cls.a8 = Author.objects.create(name='Peter Norvig', age=57)
cls.a9 = Author.objects.create(name='Stuart Russell', age=46)
cls.a1.friends.add(cls.a2, cls.a4)
cls.a2.friends.add(cls.a1, cls.a7)
cls.a4.friends.add(cls.a1)
cls.a5.friends.add(cls.a6, cls.a7)
cls.a6.friends.add(cls.a5, cls.a7)
cls.a7.friends.add(cls.a2, cls.a5, cls.a6)
cls.a8.friends.add(cls.a9)
cls.a9.friends.add(cls.a8)
cls.p1 = Publisher.objects.create(name='Apress', num_awards=3)
cls.p2 = Publisher.objects.create(name='Sams', num_awards=1)
cls.p3 = Publisher.objects.create(name='Prentice Hall', num_awards=7)
cls.p4 = Publisher.objects.create(name='Morgan Kaufmann', num_awards=9)
cls.p5 = Publisher.objects.create(name="Jonno's House of Books", num_awards=0)
cls.b1 = Book.objects.create(
isbn='159059725', name='The Definitive Guide to Django: Web Development Done Right',
pages=447, rating=4.5, price=Decimal('30.00'), contact=cls.a1, publisher=cls.p1,
pubdate=datetime.date(2007, 12, 6)
)
cls.b2 = Book.objects.create(
isbn='067232959', name='Sams Teach Yourself Django in 24 Hours',
pages=528, rating=3.0, price=Decimal('23.09'), contact=cls.a3, publisher=cls.p2,
pubdate=datetime.date(2008, 3, 3)
)
cls.b3 = Book.objects.create(
isbn='159059996', name='Practical Django Projects',
pages=300, rating=4.0, price=Decimal('29.69'), contact=cls.a4, publisher=cls.p1,
pubdate=datetime.date(2008, 6, 23)
)
cls.b4 = Book.objects.create(
isbn='013235613', name='Python Web Development with Django',
pages=350, rating=4.0, price=Decimal('29.69'), contact=cls.a5, publisher=cls.p3,
pubdate=datetime.date(2008, 11, 3)
)
cls.b5 = Book.objects.create(
isbn='013790395', name='Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach',
pages=1132, rating=4.0, price=Decimal('82.80'), contact=cls.a8, publisher=cls.p3,
pubdate=datetime.date(1995, 1, 15)
)
cls.b6 = Book.objects.create(
isbn='155860191', name='Paradigms of Artificial Intelligence Programming: Case Studies in Common Lisp',
pages=946, rating=5.0, price=Decimal('75.00'), contact=cls.a8, publisher=cls.p4,
pubdate=datetime.date(1991, 10, 15)
)
cls.b1.authors.add(cls.a1, cls.a2)
cls.b2.authors.add(cls.a3)
cls.b3.authors.add(cls.a4)
cls.b4.authors.add(cls.a5, cls.a6, cls.a7)
cls.b5.authors.add(cls.a8, cls.a9)
cls.b6.authors.add(cls.a8)
s1 = Store.objects.create(
name='Amazon.com',
original_opening=datetime.datetime(1994, 4, 23, 9, 17, 42),
friday_night_closing=datetime.time(23, 59, 59)
)
s2 = Store.objects.create(
name='Books.com',
original_opening=datetime.datetime(2001, 3, 15, 11, 23, 37),
friday_night_closing=datetime.time(23, 59, 59)
)
s3 = Store.objects.create(
name="Mamma and Pappa's Books",
original_opening=datetime.datetime(1945, 4, 25, 16, 24, 14),
friday_night_closing=datetime.time(21, 30)
)
s1.books.add(cls.b1, cls.b2, cls.b3, cls.b4, cls.b5, cls.b6)
s2.books.add(cls.b1, cls.b3, cls.b5, cls.b6)
s3.books.add(cls.b3, cls.b4, cls.b6)
def test_basic_annotation(self):
books = Book.objects.annotate(
is_book=Value(1, output_field=IntegerField()))
for book in books:
self.assertEqual(book.is_book, 1)
def test_basic_f_annotation(self):
books = Book.objects.annotate(another_rating=F('rating'))
for book in books:
self.assertEqual(book.another_rating, book.rating)
def test_joined_annotation(self):
books = Book.objects.select_related('publisher').annotate(
num_awards=F('publisher__num_awards'))
for book in books:
self.assertEqual(book.num_awards, book.publisher.num_awards)
def test_mixed_type_annotation_date_interval(self):
active = datetime.datetime(2015, 3, 20, 14, 0, 0)
duration = datetime.timedelta(hours=1)
expires = datetime.datetime(2015, 3, 20, 14, 0, 0) + duration
Ticket.objects.create(active_at=active, duration=duration)
t = Ticket.objects.annotate(
expires=ExpressionWrapper(F('active_at') + F('duration'), output_field=DateTimeField())
).first()
self.assertEqual(t.expires, expires)
def test_mixed_type_annotation_numbers(self):
test = self.b1
b = Book.objects.annotate(
combined=ExpressionWrapper(F('pages') + F('rating'), output_field=IntegerField())
).get(isbn=test.isbn)
combined = int(test.pages + test.rating)
self.assertEqual(b.combined, combined)
def test_empty_expression_annotation(self):
books = Book.objects.annotate(
selected=ExpressionWrapper(Q(pk__in=[]), output_field=BooleanField())
)
self.assertEqual(len(books), Book.objects.count())
self.assertTrue(all(not book.selected for book in books))
books = Book.objects.annotate(
selected=ExpressionWrapper(Q(pk__in=Book.objects.none()), output_field=BooleanField())
)
self.assertEqual(len(books), Book.objects.count())
self.assertTrue(all(not book.selected for book in books))
def test_annotate_with_aggregation(self):
books = Book.objects.annotate(
is_book=Value(1, output_field=IntegerField()),
rating_count=Count('rating'))
for book in books:
self.assertEqual(book.is_book, 1)
self.assertEqual(book.rating_count, 1)
def test_aggregate_over_annotation(self):
agg = Author.objects.annotate(other_age=F('age')).aggregate(otherage_sum=Sum('other_age'))
other_agg = Author.objects.aggregate(age_sum=Sum('age'))
self.assertEqual(agg['otherage_sum'], other_agg['age_sum'])
@skipUnlessDBFeature('can_distinct_on_fields')
def test_distinct_on_with_annotation(self):
store = Store.objects.create(
name='test store',
original_opening=datetime.datetime.now(),
friday_night_closing=datetime.time(21, 00, 00),
)
names = [
'Theodore Roosevelt',
'Eleanor Roosevelt',
'Franklin Roosevelt',
'Ned Stark',
'Catelyn Stark',
]
for name in names:
Employee.objects.create(
store=store,
first_name=name.split()[0],
last_name=name.split()[1],
age=30, salary=2000,
)
people = Employee.objects.annotate(
name_lower=Lower('last_name'),
).distinct('name_lower')
self.assertEqual({p.last_name for p in people}, {'Stark', 'Roosevelt'})
self.assertEqual(len(people), 2)
people2 = Employee.objects.annotate(
test_alias=F('store__name'),
).distinct('test_alias')
self.assertEqual(len(people2), 1)
lengths = Employee.objects.annotate(
name_len=Length('first_name'),
).distinct('name_len').values_list('name_len', flat=True)
self.assertSequenceEqual(lengths, [3, 7, 8])
def test_filter_annotation(self):
books = Book.objects.annotate(
is_book=Value(1, output_field=IntegerField())
).filter(is_book=1)
for book in books:
self.assertEqual(book.is_book, 1)
def test_filter_annotation_with_f(self):
books = Book.objects.annotate(
other_rating=F('rating')
).filter(other_rating=3.5)
for book in books:
self.assertEqual(book.other_rating, 3.5)
def test_filter_annotation_with_double_f(self):
books = Book.objects.annotate(
other_rating=F('rating')
).filter(other_rating=F('rating'))
for book in books:
self.assertEqual(book.other_rating, book.rating)
def test_filter_agg_with_double_f(self):
books = Book.objects.annotate(
sum_rating=Sum('rating')
).filter(sum_rating=F('sum_rating'))
for book in books:
self.assertEqual(book.sum_rating, book.rating)
def test_filter_wrong_annotation(self):
with self.assertRaisesMessage(FieldError, "Cannot resolve keyword 'nope' into field."):
list(Book.objects.annotate(
sum_rating=Sum('rating')
).filter(sum_rating=F('nope')))
def test_decimal_annotation(self):
salary = Decimal(10) ** -Employee._meta.get_field('salary').decimal_places
Employee.objects.create(
first_name='Max',
last_name='Paine',
store=Store.objects.first(),
age=23,
salary=salary,
)
self.assertEqual(
Employee.objects.annotate(new_salary=F('salary') / 10).get().new_salary,
salary / 10,
)
def test_filter_decimal_annotation(self):
qs = Book.objects.annotate(new_price=F('price') + 1).filter(new_price=Decimal(31)).values_list('new_price')
self.assertEqual(qs.get(), (Decimal(31),))
def test_combined_annotation_commutative(self):
book1 = Book.objects.annotate(adjusted_rating=F('rating') + 2).get(pk=self.b1.pk)
book2 = Book.objects.annotate(adjusted_rating=2 + F('rating')).get(pk=self.b1.pk)
self.assertEqual(book1.adjusted_rating, book2.adjusted_rating)
book1 = Book.objects.annotate(adjusted_rating=F('rating') + None).get(pk=self.b1.pk)
book2 = Book.objects.annotate(adjusted_rating=None + F('rating')).get(pk=self.b1.pk)
self.assertEqual(book1.adjusted_rating, book2.adjusted_rating)
def test_update_with_annotation(self):
book_preupdate = Book.objects.get(pk=self.b2.pk)
Book.objects.annotate(other_rating=F('rating') - 1).update(rating=F('other_rating'))
book_postupdate = Book.objects.get(pk=self.b2.pk)
self.assertEqual(book_preupdate.rating - 1, book_postupdate.rating)
def test_annotation_with_m2m(self):
books = Book.objects.annotate(author_age=F('authors__age')).filter(pk=self.b1.pk).order_by('author_age')
self.assertEqual(books[0].author_age, 34)
self.assertEqual(books[1].author_age, 35)
def test_annotation_reverse_m2m(self):
books = Book.objects.annotate(
store_name=F('store__name'),
).filter(
name='Practical Django Projects',
).order_by('store_name')
self.assertQuerysetEqual(
books, [
'Amazon.com',
'Books.com',
'Mamma and Pappa\'s Books'
],
lambda b: b.store_name
)
def test_values_annotation(self):
"""
Annotations can reference fields in a values clause,
and contribute to an existing values clause.
"""
# annotate references a field in values()
qs = Book.objects.values('rating').annotate(other_rating=F('rating') - 1)
book = qs.get(pk=self.b1.pk)
self.assertEqual(book['rating'] - 1, book['other_rating'])
# filter refs the annotated value
book = qs.get(other_rating=4)
self.assertEqual(book['other_rating'], 4)
# can annotate an existing values with a new field
book = qs.annotate(other_isbn=F('isbn')).get(other_rating=4)
self.assertEqual(book['other_rating'], 4)
self.assertEqual(book['other_isbn'], '155860191')
def test_values_with_pk_annotation(self):
# annotate references a field in values() with pk
publishers = Publisher.objects.values('id', 'book__rating').annotate(total=Sum('book__rating'))
for publisher in publishers.filter(pk=self.p1.pk):
self.assertEqual(publisher['book__rating'], publisher['total'])
@skipUnlessDBFeature('allows_group_by_pk')
def test_rawsql_group_by_collapse(self):
raw = RawSQL('SELECT MIN(id) FROM annotations_book', [])
qs = Author.objects.values('id').annotate(
min_book_id=raw,
count_friends=Count('friends'),
).order_by()
_, _, group_by = qs.query.get_compiler(using='default').pre_sql_setup()
self.assertEqual(len(group_by), 1)
self.assertNotEqual(raw, group_by[0])
def test_defer_annotation(self):
"""
Deferred attributes can be referenced by an annotation,
but they are not themselves deferred, and cannot be deferred.
"""
qs = Book.objects.defer('rating').annotate(other_rating=F('rating') - 1)
with self.assertNumQueries(2):
book = qs.get(other_rating=4)
self.assertEqual(book.rating, 5)
self.assertEqual(book.other_rating, 4)
with self.assertRaisesMessage(FieldDoesNotExist, "Book has no field named 'other_rating'"):
book = qs.defer('other_rating').get(other_rating=4)
def test_mti_annotations(self):
"""
Fields on an inherited model can be referenced by an
annotated field.
"""
d = DepartmentStore.objects.create(
name='Angus & Robinson',
original_opening=datetime.date(2014, 3, 8),
friday_night_closing=datetime.time(21, 00, 00),
chain='Westfield'
)
books = Book.objects.filter(rating__gt=4)
for b in books:
d.books.add(b)
qs = DepartmentStore.objects.annotate(
other_name=F('name'),
other_chain=F('chain'),
is_open=Value(True, BooleanField()),
book_isbn=F('books__isbn')
).order_by('book_isbn').filter(chain='Westfield')
self.assertQuerysetEqual(
qs, [
('Angus & Robinson', 'Westfield', True, '155860191'),
('Angus & Robinson', 'Westfield', True, '159059725')
],
lambda d: (d.other_name, d.other_chain, d.is_open, d.book_isbn)
)
def test_null_annotation(self):
"""
Annotating None onto a model round-trips
"""
book = Book.objects.annotate(no_value=Value(None, output_field=IntegerField())).first()
self.assertIsNone(book.no_value)
def test_order_by_annotation(self):
authors = Author.objects.annotate(other_age=F('age')).order_by('other_age')
self.assertQuerysetEqual(
authors, [
25, 29, 29, 34, 35, 37, 45, 46, 57,
],
lambda a: a.other_age
)
def test_order_by_aggregate(self):
authors = Author.objects.values('age').annotate(age_count=Count('age')).order_by('age_count', 'age')
self.assertQuerysetEqual(
authors, [
(25, 1), (34, 1), (35, 1), (37, 1), (45, 1), (46, 1), (57, 1), (29, 2),
],
lambda a: (a['age'], a['age_count'])
)
def test_annotate_exists(self):
authors = Author.objects.annotate(c=Count('id')).filter(c__gt=1)
self.assertFalse(authors.exists())
def test_column_field_ordering(self):
"""
Columns are aligned in the correct order for resolve_columns. This test
will fail on MySQL if column ordering is out. Column fields should be
aligned as:
1. extra_select
2. model_fields
3. annotation_fields
4. model_related_fields
"""
store = Store.objects.first()
Employee.objects.create(id=1, first_name='Max', manager=True, last_name='Paine',
store=store, age=23, salary=Decimal(50000.00))
Employee.objects.create(id=2, first_name='Buffy', manager=False, last_name='Summers',
store=store, age=18, salary=Decimal(40000.00))
qs = Employee.objects.extra(
select={'random_value': '42'}
).select_related('store').annotate(
annotated_value=Value(17, output_field=IntegerField())
)
rows = [
(1, 'Max', True, 42, 'Paine', 23, Decimal(50000.00), store.name, 17),
(2, 'Buffy', False, 42, 'Summers', 18, Decimal(40000.00), store.name, 17)
]
self.assertQuerysetEqual(
qs.order_by('id'), rows,
lambda e: (
e.id, e.first_name, e.manager, e.random_value, e.last_name, e.age,
e.salary, e.store.name, e.annotated_value))
def test_column_field_ordering_with_deferred(self):
store = Store.objects.first()
Employee.objects.create(id=1, first_name='Max', manager=True, last_name='Paine',
store=store, age=23, salary=Decimal(50000.00))
Employee.objects.create(id=2, first_name='Buffy', manager=False, last_name='Summers',
store=store, age=18, salary=Decimal(40000.00))
qs = Employee.objects.extra(
select={'random_value': '42'}
).select_related('store').annotate(
annotated_value=Value(17, output_field=IntegerField())
)
rows = [
(1, 'Max', True, 42, 'Paine', 23, Decimal(50000.00), store.name, 17),
(2, 'Buffy', False, 42, 'Summers', 18, Decimal(40000.00), store.name, 17)
]
# and we respect deferred columns!
self.assertQuerysetEqual(
qs.defer('age').order_by('id'), rows,
lambda e: (
e.id, e.first_name, e.manager, e.random_value, e.last_name, e.age,
e.salary, e.store.name, e.annotated_value))
@cxOracle_py3_bug
def test_custom_functions(self):
Company(name='Apple', motto=None, ticker_name='APPL', description='Beautiful Devices').save()
Company(name='Django Software Foundation', motto=None, ticker_name=None, description=None).save()
Company(name='Google', motto='Do No Evil', ticker_name='GOOG', description='Internet Company').save()
Company(name='Yahoo', motto=None, ticker_name=None, description='Internet Company').save()
qs = Company.objects.annotate(
tagline=Func(
F('motto'),
F('ticker_name'),
F('description'),
Value('No Tag'),
function='COALESCE'
)
).order_by('name')
self.assertQuerysetEqual(
qs, [
('Apple', 'APPL'),
('Django Software Foundation', 'No Tag'),
('Google', 'Do No Evil'),
('Yahoo', 'Internet Company')
],
lambda c: (c.name, c.tagline)
)
@cxOracle_py3_bug
def test_custom_functions_can_ref_other_functions(self):
Company(name='Apple', motto=None, ticker_name='APPL', description='Beautiful Devices').save()
Company(name='Django Software Foundation', motto=None, ticker_name=None, description=None).save()
Company(name='Google', motto='Do No Evil', ticker_name='GOOG', description='Internet Company').save()
Company(name='Yahoo', motto=None, ticker_name=None, description='Internet Company').save()
class Lower(Func):
function = 'LOWER'
qs = Company.objects.annotate(
tagline=Func(
F('motto'),
F('ticker_name'),
F('description'),
Value('No Tag'),
function='COALESCE',
)
).annotate(
tagline_lower=Lower(F('tagline'), output_field=CharField())
).order_by('name')
# LOWER function supported by:
# oracle, postgres, mysql, sqlite, sqlserver
self.assertQuerysetEqual(
qs, [
('Apple', 'APPL'.lower()),
('Django Software Foundation', 'No Tag'.lower()),
('Google', 'Do No Evil'.lower()),
('Yahoo', 'Internet Company'.lower())
],
lambda c: (c.name, c.tagline_lower)
)
def test_boolean_value_annotation(self):
books = Book.objects.annotate(
is_book=Value(True, output_field=BooleanField()),
is_pony=Value(False, output_field=BooleanField()),
is_none=Value(None, output_field=BooleanField(null=True)),
is_none_old=Value(None, output_field=NullBooleanField()),
)
self.assertGreater(len(books), 0)
for book in books:
self.assertIs(book.is_book, True)
self.assertIs(book.is_pony, False)
self.assertIsNone(book.is_none)
self.assertIsNone(book.is_none_old)
def test_annotation_in_f_grouped_by_annotation(self):
qs = (
Publisher.objects.annotate(multiplier=Value(3))
# group by option => sum of value * multiplier
.values('name')
.annotate(multiplied_value_sum=Sum(F('multiplier') * F('num_awards')))
.order_by()
)
self.assertCountEqual(
qs, [
{'multiplied_value_sum': 9, 'name': 'Apress'},
{'multiplied_value_sum': 0, 'name': "Jonno's House of Books"},
{'multiplied_value_sum': 27, 'name': 'Morgan Kaufmann'},
{'multiplied_value_sum': 21, 'name': 'Prentice Hall'},
{'multiplied_value_sum': 3, 'name': 'Sams'},
]
)
def test_arguments_must_be_expressions(self):
msg = 'QuerySet.annotate() received non-expression(s): %s.'
with self.assertRaisesMessage(TypeError, msg % BooleanField()):
Book.objects.annotate(BooleanField())
with self.assertRaisesMessage(TypeError, msg % True):
Book.objects.annotate(is_book=True)
with self.assertRaisesMessage(TypeError, msg % ', '.join([str(BooleanField()), 'True'])):
Book.objects.annotate(BooleanField(), Value(False), is_book=True)
def test_chaining_annotation_filter_with_m2m(self):
qs = Author.objects.filter(
name='Adrian Holovaty',
friends__age=35,
).annotate(
jacob_name=F('friends__name'),
).filter(
friends__age=29,
).annotate(
james_name=F('friends__name'),
).values('jacob_name', 'james_name')
self.assertCountEqual(
qs,
[{'jacob_name': 'Jacob Kaplan-Moss', 'james_name': 'James Bennett'}],
)
@skipUnlessDBFeature('supports_subqueries_in_group_by')
def test_annotation_filter_with_subquery(self):
long_books_qs = Book.objects.filter(
publisher=OuterRef('pk'),
pages__gt=400,
).values('publisher').annotate(count=Count('pk')).values('count')
publisher_books_qs = Publisher.objects.annotate(
total_books=Count('book'),
).filter(
total_books=Subquery(long_books_qs, output_field=IntegerField()),
).values('name')
self.assertCountEqual(publisher_books_qs, [{'name': 'Sams'}, {'name': 'Morgan Kaufmann'}])
def test_alias_sql_injection(self):
crafted_alias = """injected_name" from "annotations_book"; --"""
msg = (
"Column aliases cannot contain whitespace characters, quotation marks, "
"semicolons, or SQL comments."
)
with self.assertRaisesMessage(ValueError, msg):
Book.objects.annotate(**{crafted_alias: Value(1)})
def test_alias_forbidden_chars(self):
tests = [
'al"ias',
"a'lias",
"ali`as",
"alia s",
"alias\t",
"ali\nas",
"alias--",
"ali/*as",
"alias*/",
"alias;",
# [] are used by MSSQL.
"alias[",
"alias]",
]
msg = (
"Column aliases cannot contain whitespace characters, quotation marks, "
"semicolons, or SQL comments."
)
for crafted_alias in tests:
with self.subTest(crafted_alias):
with self.assertRaisesMessage(ValueError, msg):
Book.objects.annotate(**{crafted_alias: Value(1)})