Merge pull request #3485 from RonnyPfannschmidt/pre-commit-hook

adapt Pre commit hook and black

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+exclude: doc/en/example/py2py3/test_py2.py
+repos:
+-   repo: https://github.com/ambv/black
+    rev: 18.4a4
+    hooks:
+    - id: black
+      args: [--safe, --quiet]
+      python_version: python3.6
+-   repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit-hooks
+    rev: v1.2.3
+    hooks:
+    -   id: trailing-whitespace
+    -   id: end-of-file-fixer
+    -   id: check-yaml
+    -   id: debug-statements
+        exclude: _pytest/debugging.py
+    -   id: flake8
+-   repo: https://github.com/asottile/pyupgrade
+    rev: v1.2.0
+    hooks:
+    - id: pyupgrade
+-   repo: local
+    hooks:
+    -   id: rst
+        name: rst
+        entry: python scripts/check-rst.py
+        language: python
+        additional_dependencies: [pygments, restructuredtext_lint]
+        python_version: python3.6

.travis.yml

@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
 sudo: false
 language: python
+stages:
+- linting
+- test
+- deploy
 python:
   - '3.6'
 install:
@@ -9,7 +13,7 @@ env:
     # coveralls is not listed in tox's envlist, but should run in travis
     - TOXENV=coveralls
     # note: please use "tox --listenvs" to populate the build matrix below
-    - TOXENV=linting
+    # please remove the linting env in all cases
     - TOXENV=py27
     - TOXENV=py34
     - TOXENV=py36
@@ -53,6 +57,14 @@ jobs:
         on:
           tags: true
           repo: pytest-dev/pytest
+    - stage: linting
+      python: '3.6'
+      env:
+      install:
+      - pip install pre-commit
+      - pre-commit install-hooks
+      script:
+      - pre-commit run --all-files
 
 script: tox --recreate
 

CONTRIBUTING.rst

@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ Here's a rundown of how a repository transfer usually proceeds
 * ``joedoe`` transfers repository ownership to ``pytest-dev`` administrator ``calvin``.
 * ``calvin`` creates ``pytest-xyz-admin`` and ``pytest-xyz-developers`` teams, inviting ``joedoe`` to both as **maintainer**.
 * ``calvin`` transfers repository to ``pytest-dev`` and configures team access:
-  
+
   - ``pytest-xyz-admin`` **admin** access;
   - ``pytest-xyz-developers`` **write** access;
 
@@ -163,6 +163,7 @@ Short version
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 #. Fork the repository;
+#. enable and install pre-commit https://pre-commit.com/ to ensure styleguides and codechecks are followed
 #. Target ``master`` for bugfixes and doc changes;
 #. Target ``features`` for new features or functionality changes.
 #. Follow **PEP-8**. There's a ``tox`` command to help fixing it: ``tox -e fix-lint``.
@@ -202,20 +203,30 @@ Here is a simple overview, with pytest-specific bits:
     $ git clone git@github.com:YOUR_GITHUB_USERNAME/pytest.git
     $ cd pytest
     # now, to fix a bug create your own branch off "master":
-    
+
         $ git checkout -b your-bugfix-branch-name master
 
     # or to instead add a feature create your own branch off "features":
-    
+
         $ git checkout -b your-feature-branch-name features
 
-   Given we have "major.minor.micro" version numbers, bugfixes will usually 
-   be released in micro releases whereas features will be released in 
+   Given we have "major.minor.micro" version numbers, bugfixes will usually
+   be released in micro releases whereas features will be released in
    minor releases and incompatible changes in major releases.
 
    If you need some help with Git, follow this quick start
    guide: https://git.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/QuickStart
 
+#. install pre-commit and install its hook on the pytest repo
+
+    https://pre-commit.com/ is a framework for managing and maintaining multi-language pre-commit hooks
+    pytest uses pre-commit to ensure code-style and code formatting is the same
+
+    $ pip install --user pre-commit
+    $ pre-commit install
+
+    Afterwards pre-commit will run whenever you commit.
+
 #. Install tox
 
    Tox is used to run all the tests and will automatically setup virtualenvs

README.rst

@@ -23,6 +23,9 @@
 .. image:: https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/mrgbjaua7t33pg6b?svg=true
     :target: https://ci.appveyor.com/project/pytestbot/pytest
 
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg
+  :target: https://github.com/ambv/black
+
 .. image:: https://www.codetriage.com/pytest-dev/pytest/badges/users.svg
     :target: https://www.codetriage.com/pytest-dev/pytest
 

_pytest/__init__.py

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-__all__ = ['__version__']
+__all__ = ["__version__"]
 
 try:
     from ._version import version as __version__
 except ImportError:
     # broken installation, we don't even try
     # unknown only works because we do poor mans version compare
-    __version__ = 'unknown'
+    __version__ = "unknown"

_pytest/_argcomplete.py

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ from glob import glob
 
 
 class FastFilesCompleter(object):
-    'Fast file completer class'
+    "Fast file completer class"
 
     def __init__(self, directories=True):
         self.directories = directories
@@ -74,21 +74,21 @@ class FastFilesCompleter(object):
             prefix_dir = 0
         completion = []
         globbed = []
-        if '*' not in prefix and '?' not in prefix:
+        if "*" not in prefix and "?" not in prefix:
             # we are on unix, otherwise no bash
             if not prefix or prefix[-1] == os.path.sep:
-                globbed.extend(glob(prefix + '.*'))
-            prefix += '*'
+                globbed.extend(glob(prefix + ".*"))
+            prefix += "*"
         globbed.extend(glob(prefix))
         for x in sorted(globbed):
             if os.path.isdir(x):
-                x += '/'
+                x += "/"
             # append stripping the prefix (like bash, not like compgen)
             completion.append(x[prefix_dir:])
         return completion
 
 
-if os.environ.get('_ARGCOMPLETE'):
+if os.environ.get("_ARGCOMPLETE"):
     try:
         import argcomplete.completers
     except ImportError:
@@ -97,7 +97,11 @@ if os.environ.get('_ARGCOMPLETE'):
 
     def try_argcomplete(parser):
         argcomplete.autocomplete(parser, always_complete_options=False)
+
+
 else:
+
     def try_argcomplete(parser):
         pass
+
     filescompleter = None

_pytest/_code/_py2traceback.py

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #
 from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
 import types
+from six import text_type
 
 
 def format_exception_only(etype, value):
@@ -29,9 +30,12 @@ def format_exception_only(etype, value):
     #
     # Clear these out first because issubtype(string1, SyntaxError)
     # would throw another exception and mask the original problem.
-    if (isinstance(etype, BaseException) or
-        isinstance(etype, types.InstanceType) or
-            etype is None or type(etype) is str):
+    if (
+        isinstance(etype, BaseException)
+        or isinstance(etype, types.InstanceType)
+        or etype is None
+        or type(etype) is str
+    ):
         return [_format_final_exc_line(etype, value)]
 
     stype = etype.__name__
@@ -50,14 +54,14 @@ def format_exception_only(etype, value):
         lines.append('  File "%s", line %d\n' % (filename, lineno))
         if badline is not None:
             if isinstance(badline, bytes):  # python 2 only
-                badline = badline.decode('utf-8', 'replace')
-            lines.append(u'    %s\n' % badline.strip())
+                badline = badline.decode("utf-8", "replace")
+            lines.append(u"    %s\n" % badline.strip())
             if offset is not None:
-                caretspace = badline.rstrip('\n')[:offset].lstrip()
+                caretspace = badline.rstrip("\n")[:offset].lstrip()
                 # non-space whitespace (likes tabs) must be kept for alignment
-                caretspace = ((c.isspace() and c or ' ') for c in caretspace)
+                caretspace = ((c.isspace() and c or " ") for c in caretspace)
                 # only three spaces to account for offset1 == pos 0
-                lines.append('   %s^\n' % ''.join(caretspace))
+                lines.append("   %s^\n" % "".join(caretspace))
         value = msg
 
     lines.append(_format_final_exc_line(stype, value))
@@ -76,10 +80,10 @@ def _format_final_exc_line(etype, value):
 
 def _some_str(value):
     try:
-        return unicode(value)
+        return text_type(value)
     except Exception:
         try:
             return str(value)
         except Exception:
             pass
-    return '<unprintable %s object>' % type(value).__name__
+    return "<unprintable %s object>" % type(value).__name__

_pytest/_code/code.py

@@ -8,8 +8,9 @@ import attr
 import re
 from weakref import ref
 from _pytest.compat import _PY2, _PY3, PY35, safe_str
-
+from six import text_type
 import py
+
 builtin_repr = repr
 
 if _PY3:
@@ -61,6 +62,7 @@ class Code(object):
         """ return a _pytest._code.Source object for the full source file of the code
         """
         from _pytest._code import source
+
         full, _ = source.findsource(self.raw)
         return full
 
@@ -69,6 +71,7 @@ class Code(object):
         """
         # return source only for that part of code
         import _pytest._code
+
         return _pytest._code.Source(self.raw)
 
     def getargs(self, var=False):
@@ -101,6 +104,7 @@ class Frame(object):
     def statement(self):
         """ statement this frame is at """
         import _pytest._code
+
         if self.code.fullsource is None:
             return _pytest._code.Source("")
         return self.code.fullsource.getstatement(self.lineno)
@@ -144,7 +148,7 @@ class Frame(object):
             try:
                 retval.append((arg, self.f_locals[arg]))
             except KeyError:
-                pass     # this can occur when using Psyco
+                pass  # this can occur when using Psyco
         return retval
 
 
@@ -166,6 +170,7 @@ class TracebackEntry(object):
     @property
     def frame(self):
         import _pytest._code
+
         return _pytest._code.Frame(self._rawentry.tb_frame)
 
     @property
@@ -188,6 +193,7 @@ class TracebackEntry(object):
 
     def getlocals(self):
         return self.frame.f_locals
+
     locals = property(getlocals, None, None, "locals of underlaying frame")
 
     def getfirstlinesource(self):
@@ -199,6 +205,7 @@ class TracebackEntry(object):
         # we use the passed in astcache to not reparse asttrees
         # within exception info printing
         from _pytest._code.source import getstatementrange_ast
+
         source = self.frame.code.fullsource
         if source is None:
             return None
@@ -209,8 +216,9 @@ class TracebackEntry(object):
                 astnode = astcache.get(key, None)
         start = self.getfirstlinesource()
         try:
-            astnode, _, end = getstatementrange_ast(self.lineno, source,
-                                                    astnode=astnode)
+            astnode, _, end = getstatementrange_ast(
+                self.lineno, source, astnode=astnode
+            )
         except SyntaxError:
             end = self.lineno + 1
         else:
@@ -230,10 +238,10 @@ class TracebackEntry(object):
             mostly for internal use
         """
         try:
-            tbh = self.frame.f_locals['__tracebackhide__']
+            tbh = self.frame.f_locals["__tracebackhide__"]
         except KeyError:
             try:
-                tbh = self.frame.f_globals['__tracebackhide__']
+                tbh = self.frame.f_globals["__tracebackhide__"]
             except KeyError:
                 return False
 
@@ -246,7 +254,7 @@ class TracebackEntry(object):
         try:
             fn = str(self.path)
         except py.error.Error:
-            fn = '???'
+            fn = "???"
         name = self.frame.code.name
         try:
             line = str(self.statement).lstrip()
@@ -258,6 +266,7 @@ class TracebackEntry(object):
 
     def name(self):
         return self.frame.code.raw.co_name
+
     name = property(name, None, None, "co_name of underlaying code")
 
 
@@ -270,11 +279,13 @@ class Traceback(list):
     def __init__(self, tb, excinfo=None):
         """ initialize from given python traceback object and ExceptionInfo """
         self._excinfo = excinfo
-        if hasattr(tb, 'tb_next'):
+        if hasattr(tb, "tb_next"):
+
             def f(cur):
                 while cur is not None:
                     yield self.Entry(cur, excinfo=excinfo)
                     cur = cur.tb_next
+
             list.__init__(self, f(tb))
         else:
             list.__init__(self, tb)
@@ -292,11 +303,16 @@ class Traceback(list):
         for x in self:
             code = x.frame.code
             codepath = code.path
-            if ((path is None or codepath == path) and
-                (excludepath is None or not hasattr(codepath, 'relto') or
-                 not codepath.relto(excludepath)) and
-                (lineno is None or x.lineno == lineno) and
-                    (firstlineno is None or x.frame.code.firstlineno == firstlineno)):
+            if (
+                (path is None or codepath == path)
+                and (
+                    excludepath is None
+                    or not hasattr(codepath, "relto")
+                    or not codepath.relto(excludepath)
+                )
+                and (lineno is None or x.lineno == lineno)
+                and (firstlineno is None or x.frame.code.firstlineno == firstlineno)
+            ):
                 return Traceback(x._rawentry, self._excinfo)
         return self
 
@@ -345,35 +361,41 @@ class Traceback(list):
                 f = entry.frame
                 loc = f.f_locals
                 for otherloc in values:
-                    if f.is_true(f.eval(co_equal,
-                                        __recursioncache_locals_1=loc,
-                                        __recursioncache_locals_2=otherloc)):
+                    if f.is_true(
+                        f.eval(
+                            co_equal,
+                            __recursioncache_locals_1=loc,
+                            __recursioncache_locals_2=otherloc,
+                        )
+                    ):
                         return i
             values.append(entry.frame.f_locals)
         return None
 
 
-co_equal = compile('__recursioncache_locals_1 == __recursioncache_locals_2',
-                   '?', 'eval')
+co_equal = compile(
+    "__recursioncache_locals_1 == __recursioncache_locals_2", "?", "eval"
+)
 
 
 class ExceptionInfo(object):
     """ wraps sys.exc_info() objects and offers
         help for navigating the traceback.
     """
-    _striptext = ''
-    _assert_start_repr = "AssertionError(u\'assert " if _PY2 else "AssertionError(\'assert "
+    _striptext = ""
+    _assert_start_repr = "AssertionError(u'assert " if _PY2 else "AssertionError('assert "
 
     def __init__(self, tup=None, exprinfo=None):
         import _pytest._code
+
         if tup is None:
             tup = sys.exc_info()
             if exprinfo is None and isinstance(tup[1], AssertionError):
-                exprinfo = getattr(tup[1], 'msg', None)
+                exprinfo = getattr(tup[1], "msg", None)
                 if exprinfo is None:
                     exprinfo = py.io.saferepr(tup[1])
                 if exprinfo and exprinfo.startswith(self._assert_start_repr):
-                    self._striptext = 'AssertionError: '
+                    self._striptext = "AssertionError: "
         self._excinfo = tup
         #: the exception class
         self.type = tup[0]
@@ -398,7 +420,7 @@ class ExceptionInfo(object):
             removed from the beginning)
         """
         lines = format_exception_only(self.type, self.value)
-        text = ''.join(lines)
+        text = "".join(lines)
         text = text.rstrip()
         if tryshort:
             if text.startswith(self._striptext):
@@ -415,8 +437,14 @@ class ExceptionInfo(object):
         path, lineno = entry.frame.code.raw.co_filename, entry.lineno
         return ReprFileLocation(path, lineno + 1, exconly)
 
-    def getrepr(self, showlocals=False, style="long",
-                abspath=False, tbfilter=True, funcargs=False):
+    def getrepr(
+        self,
+        showlocals=False,
+        style="long",
+        abspath=False,
+        tbfilter=True,
+        funcargs=False,
+    ):
         """ return str()able representation of this exception info.
             showlocals: show locals per traceback entry
             style: long|short|no|native traceback style
@@ -424,16 +452,23 @@ class ExceptionInfo(object):
 
             in case of style==native, tbfilter and showlocals is ignored.
         """
-        if style == 'native':
-            return ReprExceptionInfo(ReprTracebackNative(
-                traceback.format_exception(
-                    self.type,
-                    self.value,
-                    self.traceback[0]._rawentry,
-                )), self._getreprcrash())
+        if style == "native":
+            return ReprExceptionInfo(
+                ReprTracebackNative(
+                    traceback.format_exception(
+                        self.type, self.value, self.traceback[0]._rawentry
+                    )
+                ),
+                self._getreprcrash(),
+            )
 
-        fmt = FormattedExcinfo(showlocals=showlocals, style=style,
-                               abspath=abspath, tbfilter=tbfilter, funcargs=funcargs)
+        fmt = FormattedExcinfo(
+            showlocals=showlocals,
+            style=style,
+            abspath=abspath,
+            tbfilter=tbfilter,
+            funcargs=funcargs,
+        )
         return fmt.repr_excinfo(self)
 
     def __str__(self):
@@ -444,7 +479,7 @@ class ExceptionInfo(object):
     def __unicode__(self):
         entry = self.traceback[-1]
         loc = ReprFileLocation(entry.path, entry.lineno + 1, self.exconly())
-        return unicode(loc)
+        return text_type(loc)
 
     def match(self, regexp):
         """
@@ -455,8 +490,7 @@ class ExceptionInfo(object):
         """
         __tracebackhide__ = True
         if not re.search(regexp, str(self.value)):
-            assert 0, "Pattern '{0!s}' not found in '{1!s}'".format(
-                regexp, self.value)
+            assert 0, "Pattern '{!s}' not found in '{!s}'".format(regexp, self.value)
         return True
 
 
@@ -508,6 +542,7 @@ class FormattedExcinfo(object):
     def get_source(self, source, line_index=-1, excinfo=None, short=False):
         """ return formatted and marked up source lines. """
         import _pytest._code
+
         lines = []
         if source is None or line_index >= len(source.lines):
             source = _pytest._code.Source("???")
@@ -532,7 +567,7 @@ class FormattedExcinfo(object):
         lines = []
         indent = " " * indent
         # get the real exception information out
-        exlines = excinfo.exconly(tryshort=True).split('\n')
+        exlines = excinfo.exconly(tryshort=True).split("\n")
         failindent = self.fail_marker + indent[1:]
         for line in exlines:
             lines.append(failindent + line)
@@ -547,7 +582,7 @@ class FormattedExcinfo(object):
             keys.sort()
             for name in keys:
                 value = locals[name]
-                if name == '__builtins__':
+                if name == "__builtins__":
                     lines.append("__builtins__ = <builtins>")
                 else:
                     # This formatting could all be handled by the
@@ -565,6 +600,7 @@ class FormattedExcinfo(object):
 
     def repr_traceback_entry(self, entry, excinfo=None):
         import _pytest._code
+
         source = self._getentrysource(entry)
         if source is None:
             source = _pytest._code.Source("???")
@@ -641,11 +677,16 @@ class FormattedExcinfo(object):
         except Exception as e:
             max_frames = 10
             extraline = (
-                '!!! Recursion error detected, but an error occurred locating the origin of recursion.\n'
-                '  The following exception happened when comparing locals in the stack frame:\n'
-                '    {exc_type}: {exc_msg}\n'
-                '  Displaying first and last {max_frames} stack frames out of {total}.'
-            ).format(exc_type=type(e).__name__, exc_msg=safe_str(e), max_frames=max_frames, total=len(traceback))
+                "!!! Recursion error detected, but an error occurred locating the origin of recursion.\n"
+                "  The following exception happened when comparing locals in the stack frame:\n"
+                "    {exc_type}: {exc_msg}\n"
+                "  Displaying first and last {max_frames} stack frames out of {total}."
+            ).format(
+                exc_type=type(e).__name__,
+                exc_msg=safe_str(e),
+                max_frames=max_frames,
+                total=len(traceback),
+            )
             traceback = traceback[:max_frames] + traceback[-max_frames:]
         else:
             if recursionindex is not None:
@@ -673,18 +714,24 @@ class FormattedExcinfo(object):
                 else:
                     # fallback to native repr if the exception doesn't have a traceback:
                     # ExceptionInfo objects require a full traceback to work
-                    reprtraceback = ReprTracebackNative(traceback.format_exception(type(e), e, None))
+                    reprtraceback = ReprTracebackNative(
+                        traceback.format_exception(type(e), e, None)
+                    )
                     reprcrash = None
 
                 repr_chain += [(reprtraceback, reprcrash, descr)]
                 if e.__cause__ is not None:
                     e = e.__cause__
-                    excinfo = ExceptionInfo((type(e), e, e.__traceback__)) if e.__traceback__ else None
-                    descr = 'The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:'
+                    excinfo = ExceptionInfo(
+                        (type(e), e, e.__traceback__)
+                    ) if e.__traceback__ else None
+                    descr = "The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:"
                 elif (e.__context__ is not None and not e.__suppress_context__):
                     e = e.__context__
-                    excinfo = ExceptionInfo((type(e), e, e.__traceback__)) if e.__traceback__ else None
-                    descr = 'During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:'
+                    excinfo = ExceptionInfo(
+                        (type(e), e, e.__traceback__)
+                    ) if e.__traceback__ else None
+                    descr = "During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:"
                 else:
                     e = None
             repr_chain.reverse()
@@ -692,10 +739,11 @@ class FormattedExcinfo(object):
 
 
 class TerminalRepr(object):
+
     def __str__(self):
         s = self.__unicode__()
         if _PY2:
-            s = s.encode('utf-8')
+            s = s.encode("utf-8")
         return s
 
     def __unicode__(self):
@@ -711,6 +759,7 @@ class TerminalRepr(object):
 
 
 class ExceptionRepr(TerminalRepr):
+
     def __init__(self):
         self.sections = []
 
@@ -724,6 +773,7 @@ class ExceptionRepr(TerminalRepr):
 
 
 class ExceptionChainRepr(ExceptionRepr):
+
     def __init__(self, chain):
         super(ExceptionChainRepr, self).__init__()
         self.chain = chain
@@ -742,6 +792,7 @@ class ExceptionChainRepr(ExceptionRepr):
 
 
 class ReprExceptionInfo(ExceptionRepr):
+
     def __init__(self, reprtraceback, reprcrash):
         super(ReprExceptionInfo, self).__init__()
         self.reprtraceback = reprtraceback
@@ -768,8 +819,11 @@ class ReprTraceback(TerminalRepr):
             entry.toterminal(tw)
             if i < len(self.reprentries) - 1:
                 next_entry = self.reprentries[i + 1]
-                if entry.style == "long" or \
-                   entry.style == "short" and next_entry.style == "long":
+                if (
+                    entry.style == "long"
+                    or entry.style == "short"
+                    and next_entry.style == "long"
+                ):
                     tw.sep(self.entrysep)
 
         if self.extraline:
@@ -777,6 +831,7 @@ class ReprTraceback(TerminalRepr):
 
 
 class ReprTracebackNative(ReprTraceback):
+
     def __init__(self, tblines):
         self.style = "native"
         self.reprentries = [ReprEntryNative(tblines)]
@@ -826,12 +881,11 @@ class ReprEntry(TerminalRepr):
             self.reprfileloc.toterminal(tw)
 
     def __str__(self):
-        return "%s\n%s\n%s" % ("\n".join(self.lines),
-                               self.reprlocals,
-                               self.reprfileloc)
+        return "%s\n%s\n%s" % ("\n".join(self.lines), self.reprlocals, self.reprfileloc)
 
 
 class ReprFileLocation(TerminalRepr):
+
     def __init__(self, path, lineno, message):
         self.path = str(path)
         self.lineno = lineno
@@ -849,6 +903,7 @@ class ReprFileLocation(TerminalRepr):
 
 
 class ReprLocals(TerminalRepr):
+
     def __init__(self, lines):
         self.lines = lines
 
@@ -858,6 +913,7 @@ class ReprLocals(TerminalRepr):
 
 
 class ReprFuncArgs(TerminalRepr):
+
     def __init__(self, args):
         self.args = args
 
@@ -885,22 +941,26 @@ def getrawcode(obj, trycall=True):
     try:
         return obj.__code__
     except AttributeError:
-        obj = getattr(obj, 'im_func', obj)
-        obj = getattr(obj, 'func_code', obj)
-        obj = getattr(obj, 'f_code', obj)
-        obj = getattr(obj, '__code__', obj)
-        if trycall and not hasattr(obj, 'co_firstlineno'):
-            if hasattr(obj, '__call__') and not inspect.isclass(obj):
+        obj = getattr(obj, "im_func", obj)
+        obj = getattr(obj, "func_code", obj)
+        obj = getattr(obj, "f_code", obj)
+        obj = getattr(obj, "__code__", obj)
+        if trycall and not hasattr(obj, "co_firstlineno"):
+            if hasattr(obj, "__call__") and not inspect.isclass(obj):
                 x = getrawcode(obj.__call__, trycall=False)
-                if hasattr(x, 'co_firstlineno'):
+                if hasattr(x, "co_firstlineno"):
                     return x
         return obj
 
 
 if PY35:  # RecursionError introduced in 3.5
+
     def is_recursion_error(excinfo):
         return excinfo.errisinstance(RecursionError)  # noqa
+
+
 else:
+
     def is_recursion_error(excinfo):
         if not excinfo.errisinstance(RuntimeError):
             return False

_pytest/_code/source.py

@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ class Source(object):
 
     def __init__(self, *parts, **kwargs):
         self.lines = lines = []
-        de = kwargs.get('deindent', True)
-        rstrip = kwargs.get('rstrip', True)
+        de = kwargs.get("deindent", True)
+        rstrip = kwargs.get("rstrip", True)
         for part in parts:
             if not part:
                 partlines = []
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ class Source(object):
             elif isinstance(part, (tuple, list)):
                 partlines = [x.rstrip("\n") for x in part]
             elif isinstance(part, six.string_types):
-                partlines = part.split('\n')
+                partlines = part.split("\n")
                 if rstrip:
                     while partlines:
                         if partlines[-1].strip():
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ class Source(object):
         source.lines[:] = self.lines[start:end]
         return source
 
-    def putaround(self, before='', after='', indent=' ' * 4):
+    def putaround(self, before="", after="", indent=" " * 4):
         """ return a copy of the source object with
             'before' and 'after' wrapped around it.
         """
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ class Source(object):
         newsource.lines = before.lines + lines + after.lines
         return newsource
 
-    def indent(self, indent=' ' * 4):
+    def indent(self, indent=" " * 4):
         """ return a copy of the source object with
             all lines indented by the given indent-string.
         """
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ class Source(object):
             source = str(self)
         try:
             # compile(source+'\n', "x", "exec")
-            syntax_checker(source + '\n')
+            syntax_checker(source + "\n")
         except KeyboardInterrupt:
             raise
         except Exception:
@@ -150,9 +150,14 @@ class Source(object):
     def __str__(self):
         return "\n".join(self.lines)
 
-    def compile(self, filename=None, mode='exec',
-                flag=generators.compiler_flag,
-                dont_inherit=0, _genframe=None):
+    def compile(
+        self,
+        filename=None,
+        mode="exec",
+        flag=generators.compiler_flag,
+        dont_inherit=0,
+        _genframe=None,
+    ):
         """ return compiled code object. if filename is None
             invent an artificial filename which displays
             the source/line position of the caller frame.
@@ -164,10 +169,10 @@ class Source(object):
             base = "<%d-codegen " % self._compilecounter
             self.__class__._compilecounter += 1
             if not filename:
-                filename = base + '%s:%d>' % (fn, lineno)
+                filename = base + "%s:%d>" % (fn, lineno)
             else:
-                filename = base + '%r %s:%d>' % (filename, fn, lineno)
-        source = "\n".join(self.lines) + '\n'
+                filename = base + "%r %s:%d>" % (filename, fn, lineno)
+        source = "\n".join(self.lines) + "\n"
         try:
             co = cpy_compile(source, filename, mode, flag)
         except SyntaxError:
@@ -175,9 +180,9 @@ class Source(object):
             # re-represent syntax errors from parsing python strings
             msglines = self.lines[:ex.lineno]
             if ex.offset:
-                msglines.append(" " * ex.offset + '^')
+                msglines.append(" " * ex.offset + "^")
             msglines.append("(code was compiled probably from here: %s)" % filename)
-            newex = SyntaxError('\n'.join(msglines))
+            newex = SyntaxError("\n".join(msglines))
             newex.offset = ex.offset
             newex.lineno = ex.lineno
             newex.text = ex.text
@@ -189,12 +194,15 @@ class Source(object):
             linecache.cache[filename] = (1, None, lines, filename)
             return co
 
+
 #
 # public API shortcut functions
 #
 
 
-def compile_(source, filename=None, mode='exec', flags=generators.compiler_flag, dont_inherit=0):
+def compile_(
+    source, filename=None, mode="exec", flags=generators.compiler_flag, dont_inherit=0
+):
     """ compile the given source to a raw code object,
         and maintain an internal cache which allows later
         retrieval of the source code for the code object
@@ -214,6 +222,7 @@ def getfslineno(obj):
     If the source cannot be determined return ("", -1)
     """
     from .code import Code
+
     try:
         code = Code(obj)
     except TypeError:
@@ -235,6 +244,7 @@ def getfslineno(obj):
     assert isinstance(lineno, int)
     return fspath, lineno
 
+
 #
 # helper functions
 #
@@ -254,11 +264,12 @@ def findsource(obj):
 
 def getsource(obj, **kwargs):
     from .code import getrawcode
+
     obj = getrawcode(obj)
     try:
         strsrc = inspect.getsource(obj)
     except IndentationError:
-        strsrc = "\"Buggy python version consider upgrading, cannot get source\""
+        strsrc = '"Buggy python version consider upgrading, cannot get source"'
     assert isinstance(strsrc, str)
     return Source(strsrc, **kwargs)
 
@@ -279,12 +290,14 @@ def deindent(lines, offset=None):
 
     def readline_generator(lines):
         for line in lines:
-            yield line + '\n'
+            yield line + "\n"
 
     it = readline_generator(lines)
 
     try:
-        for _, _, (sline, _), (eline, _), _ in tokenize.generate_tokens(lambda: next(it)):
+        for _, _, (sline, _), (eline, _), _ in tokenize.generate_tokens(
+            lambda: next(it)
+        ):
             if sline > len(lines):
                 break  # End of input reached
             if sline > len(newlines):
@@ -306,6 +319,7 @@ def deindent(lines, offset=None):
 
 def get_statement_startend2(lineno, node):
     import ast
+
     # flatten all statements and except handlers into one lineno-list
     # AST's line numbers start indexing at 1
     values = []

_pytest/assertion/__init__.py

@@ -12,17 +12,19 @@ from _pytest.assertion import truncate
 
 def pytest_addoption(parser):
     group = parser.getgroup("debugconfig")
-    group.addoption('--assert',
-                    action="store",
-                    dest="assertmode",
-                    choices=("rewrite", "plain",),
-                    default="rewrite",
-                    metavar="MODE",
-                    help="""Control assertion debugging tools.  'plain'
+    group.addoption(
+        "--assert",
+        action="store",
+        dest="assertmode",
+        choices=("rewrite", "plain"),
+        default="rewrite",
+        metavar="MODE",
+        help="""Control assertion debugging tools.  'plain'
                             performs no assertion debugging.  'rewrite'
                             (the default) rewrites assert statements in
                             test modules on import to provide assert
-                            expression information.""")
+                            expression information.""",
+    )
 
 
 def register_assert_rewrite(*names):
@@ -38,7 +40,7 @@ def register_assert_rewrite(*names):
     """
     for name in names:
         if not isinstance(name, str):
-            msg = 'expected module names as *args, got {0} instead'
+            msg = "expected module names as *args, got {0} instead"
             raise TypeError(msg.format(repr(names)))
     for hook in sys.meta_path:
         if isinstance(hook, rewrite.AssertionRewritingHook):
@@ -68,13 +70,13 @@ class AssertionState(object):
 def install_importhook(config):
     """Try to install the rewrite hook, raise SystemError if it fails."""
     # Jython has an AST bug that make the assertion rewriting hook malfunction.
-    if (sys.platform.startswith('java')):
-        raise SystemError('rewrite not supported')
+    if sys.platform.startswith("java"):
+        raise SystemError("rewrite not supported")
 
-    config._assertstate = AssertionState(config, 'rewrite')
+    config._assertstate = AssertionState(config, "rewrite")
     config._assertstate.hook = hook = rewrite.AssertionRewritingHook(config)
     sys.meta_path.insert(0, hook)
-    config._assertstate.trace('installed rewrite import hook')
+    config._assertstate.trace("installed rewrite import hook")
 
     def undo():
         hook = config._assertstate.hook
@@ -89,7 +91,7 @@ def pytest_collection(session):
     # this hook is only called when test modules are collected
     # so for example not in the master process of pytest-xdist
     # (which does not collect test modules)
-    assertstate = getattr(session.config, '_assertstate', None)
+    assertstate = getattr(session.config, "_assertstate", None)
     if assertstate:
         if assertstate.hook is not None:
             assertstate.hook.set_session(session)
@@ -103,6 +105,7 @@ def pytest_runtest_setup(item):
     pytest_assertrepr_compare hook.  This sets up this custom
     comparison for the test.
     """
+
     def callbinrepr(op, left, right):
         """Call the pytest_assertrepr_compare hook and prepare the result
 
@@ -119,7 +122,8 @@ def pytest_runtest_setup(item):
         pretty printing.
         """
         hook_result = item.ihook.pytest_assertrepr_compare(
-            config=item.config, op=op, left=left, right=right)
+            config=item.config, op=op, left=left, right=right
+        )
         for new_expl in hook_result:
             if new_expl:
                 new_expl = truncate.truncate_if_required(new_expl, item)
@@ -128,6 +132,7 @@ def pytest_runtest_setup(item):
                 if item.config.getvalue("assertmode") == "rewrite":
                     res = res.replace("%", "%%")
                 return res
+
     util._reprcompare = callbinrepr
 
 
@@ -136,7 +141,7 @@ def pytest_runtest_teardown(item):
 
 
 def pytest_sessionfinish(session):
-    assertstate = getattr(session.config, '_assertstate', None)
+    assertstate = getattr(session.config, "_assertstate", None)
     if assertstate:
         if assertstate.hook is not None:
             assertstate.hook.set_session(None)

_pytest/assertion/rewrite.py

@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ ASCII_IS_DEFAULT_ENCODING = sys.version_info[0] < 3
 if sys.version_info >= (3, 5):
     ast_Call = ast.Call
 else:
+
     def ast_Call(a, b, c):
         return ast.Call(a, b, c, None, None)
 
@@ -151,14 +152,13 @@ class AssertionRewritingHook(object):
     def _should_rewrite(self, name, fn_pypath, state):
         # always rewrite conftest files
         fn = str(fn_pypath)
-        if fn_pypath.basename == 'conftest.py':
+        if fn_pypath.basename == "conftest.py":
             state.trace("rewriting conftest file: %r" % (fn,))
             return True
 
         if self.session is not None:
             if self.session.isinitpath(fn):
-                state.trace("matched test file (was specified on cmdline): %r" %
-                            (fn,))
+                state.trace("matched test file (was specified on cmdline): %r" % (fn,))
                 return True
 
         # modules not passed explicitly on the command line are only
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ class AssertionRewritingHook(object):
                 return True
 
         for marked in self._must_rewrite:
-            if name == marked or name.startswith(marked + '.'):
+            if name == marked or name.startswith(marked + "."):
                 state.trace("matched marked file %r (from %r)" % (name, marked))
                 return True
 
@@ -181,19 +181,20 @@ class AssertionRewritingHook(object):
         The named module or package as well as any nested modules will
         be rewritten on import.
         """
-        already_imported = (set(names)
-                            .intersection(sys.modules)
-                            .difference(self._rewritten_names))
+        already_imported = (
+            set(names).intersection(sys.modules).difference(self._rewritten_names)
+        )
         for name in already_imported:
             if not AssertionRewriter.is_rewrite_disabled(
-                    sys.modules[name].__doc__ or ""):
+                sys.modules[name].__doc__ or ""
+            ):
                 self._warn_already_imported(name)
         self._must_rewrite.update(names)
 
     def _warn_already_imported(self, name):
         self.config.warn(
-            'P1',
-            'Module already imported so cannot be rewritten: %s' % name)
+            "P1", "Module already imported so cannot be rewritten: %s" % name
+        )
 
     def load_module(self, name):
         # If there is an existing module object named 'fullname' in
@@ -237,6 +238,7 @@ class AssertionRewritingHook(object):
         """
         try:
             import pkg_resources
+
             # access an attribute in case a deferred importer is present
             pkg_resources.__name__
         except ImportError:
@@ -249,7 +251,7 @@ class AssertionRewritingHook(object):
     def get_data(self, pathname):
         """Optional PEP302 get_data API.
         """
-        with open(pathname, 'rb') as f:
+        with open(pathname, "rb") as f:
             return f.read()
 
 
@@ -282,7 +284,7 @@ RN = "\r\n".encode("utf-8")
 N = "\n".encode("utf-8")
 
 cookie_re = re.compile(r"^[ \t\f]*#.*coding[:=][ \t]*[-\w.]+")
-BOM_UTF8 = '\xef\xbb\xbf'
+BOM_UTF8 = "\xef\xbb\xbf"
 
 
 def _rewrite_test(config, fn):
@@ -307,9 +309,11 @@ def _rewrite_test(config, fn):
         # gets this right.
         end1 = source.find("\n")
         end2 = source.find("\n", end1 + 1)
-        if (not source.startswith(BOM_UTF8) and
-            cookie_re.match(source[0:end1]) is None and
-                cookie_re.match(source[end1 + 1:end2]) is None):
+        if (
+            not source.startswith(BOM_UTF8)
+            and cookie_re.match(source[0:end1]) is None
+            and cookie_re.match(source[end1 + 1:end2]) is None
+        ):
             if hasattr(state, "_indecode"):
                 # encodings imported us again, so don't rewrite.
                 return None, None
@@ -354,20 +358,23 @@ def _read_pyc(source, pyc, trace=lambda x: None):
             size = source.size()
             data = fp.read(12)
         except EnvironmentError as e:
-            trace('_read_pyc(%s): EnvironmentError %s' % (source, e))
+            trace("_read_pyc(%s): EnvironmentError %s" % (source, e))
             return None
         # Check for invalid or out of date pyc file.
-        if (len(data) != 12 or data[:4] != imp.get_magic() or
-                struct.unpack("<ll", data[4:]) != (mtime, size)):
-            trace('_read_pyc(%s): invalid or out of date pyc' % source)
+        if (
+            len(data) != 12
+            or data[:4] != imp.get_magic()
+            or struct.unpack("<ll", data[4:]) != (mtime, size)
+        ):
+            trace("_read_pyc(%s): invalid or out of date pyc" % source)
             return None
         try:
             co = marshal.load(fp)
         except Exception as e:
-            trace('_read_pyc(%s): marshal.load error %s' % (source, e))
+            trace("_read_pyc(%s): marshal.load error %s" % (source, e))
             return None
         if not isinstance(co, types.CodeType):
-            trace('_read_pyc(%s): not a code object' % source)
+            trace("_read_pyc(%s): not a code object" % source)
             return None
         return co
 
@@ -437,7 +444,7 @@ def _format_boolop(explanations, is_or):
         t = six.text_type
     else:
         t = six.binary_type
-    return explanation.replace(t('%'), t('%%'))
+    return explanation.replace(t("%"), t("%%"))
 
 
 def _call_reprcompare(ops, results, expls, each_obj):
@@ -455,12 +462,7 @@ def _call_reprcompare(ops, results, expls, each_obj):
     return expl
 
 
-unary_map = {
-    ast.Not: "not %s",
-    ast.Invert: "~%s",
-    ast.USub: "-%s",
-    ast.UAdd: "+%s"
-}
+unary_map = {ast.Not: "not %s", ast.Invert: "~%s", ast.USub: "-%s", ast.UAdd: "+%s"}
 
 binop_map = {
     ast.BitOr: "|",
@@ -484,7 +486,7 @@ binop_map = {
     ast.Is: "is",
     ast.IsNot: "is not",
     ast.In: "in",
-    ast.NotIn: "not in"
+    ast.NotIn: "not in",
 }
 # Python 3.5+ compatibility
 try:
@@ -496,12 +498,14 @@ except AttributeError:
 if hasattr(ast, "NameConstant"):
     _NameConstant = ast.NameConstant
 else:
+
     def _NameConstant(c):
         return ast.Name(str(c), ast.Load())
 
 
 def set_location(node, lineno, col_offset):
     """Set node location information recursively."""
+
     def _fix(node, lineno, col_offset):
         if "lineno" in node._attributes:
             node.lineno = lineno
@@ -509,6 +513,7 @@ def set_location(node, lineno, col_offset):
             node.col_offset = col_offset
         for child in ast.iter_child_nodes(node):
             _fix(child, lineno, col_offset)
+
     _fix(node, lineno, col_offset)
     return node
 
@@ -577,8 +582,10 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
             return
         # Insert some special imports at the top of the module but after any
         # docstrings and __future__ imports.
-        aliases = [ast.alias(py.builtin.builtins.__name__, "@py_builtins"),
-                   ast.alias("_pytest.assertion.rewrite", "@pytest_ar")]
+        aliases = [
+            ast.alias(py.builtin.builtins.__name__, "@py_builtins"),
+            ast.alias("_pytest.assertion.rewrite", "@pytest_ar"),
+        ]
         doc = getattr(mod, "docstring", None)
         expect_docstring = doc is None
         if doc is not None and self.is_rewrite_disabled(doc):
@@ -586,21 +593,28 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
         pos = 0
         lineno = 1
         for item in mod.body:
-            if (expect_docstring and isinstance(item, ast.Expr) and
-                    isinstance(item.value, ast.Str)):
+            if (
+                expect_docstring
+                and isinstance(item, ast.Expr)
+                and isinstance(item.value, ast.Str)
+            ):
                 doc = item.value.s
                 if self.is_rewrite_disabled(doc):
                     return
                 expect_docstring = False
-            elif (not isinstance(item, ast.ImportFrom) or item.level > 0 or
-                  item.module != "__future__"):
+            elif (
+                not isinstance(item, ast.ImportFrom)
+                or item.level > 0
+                or item.module != "__future__"
+            ):
                 lineno = item.lineno
                 break
             pos += 1
         else:
             lineno = item.lineno
-        imports = [ast.Import([alias], lineno=lineno, col_offset=0)
-                   for alias in aliases]
+        imports = [
+            ast.Import([alias], lineno=lineno, col_offset=0) for alias in aliases
+        ]
         mod.body[pos:pos] = imports
         # Collect asserts.
         nodes = [mod]
@@ -618,10 +632,13 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
                             if isinstance(child, ast.AST):
                                 nodes.append(child)
                     setattr(node, name, new)
-                elif (isinstance(field, ast.AST) and
-                      # Don't recurse into expressions as they can't contain
-                      # asserts.
-                      not isinstance(field, ast.expr)):
+                elif (
+                    isinstance(field, ast.AST)
+                    and
+                    # Don't recurse into expressions as they can't contain
+                    # asserts.
+                    not isinstance(field, ast.expr)
+                ):
                     nodes.append(field)
 
     @staticmethod
@@ -719,8 +736,11 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
         """
         if isinstance(assert_.test, ast.Tuple) and self.config is not None:
             fslocation = (self.module_path, assert_.lineno)
-            self.config.warn('R1', 'assertion is always true, perhaps '
-                             'remove parentheses?', fslocation=fslocation)
+            self.config.warn(
+                "R1",
+                "assertion is always true, perhaps " "remove parentheses?",
+                fslocation=fslocation,
+            )
         self.statements = []
         self.variables = []
         self.variable_counter = itertools.count()
@@ -734,7 +754,7 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
         negation = ast.UnaryOp(ast.Not(), top_condition)
         self.statements.append(ast.If(negation, body, []))
         if assert_.msg:
-            assertmsg = self.helper('format_assertmsg', assert_.msg)
+            assertmsg = self.helper("format_assertmsg", assert_.msg)
             explanation = "\n>assert " + explanation
         else:
             assertmsg = ast.Str("")
@@ -751,8 +771,7 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
         body.append(raise_)
         # Clear temporary variables by setting them to None.
         if self.variables:
-            variables = [ast.Name(name, ast.Store())
-                         for name in self.variables]
+            variables = [ast.Name(name, ast.Store()) for name in self.variables]
             clear = ast.Assign(variables, _NameConstant(None))
             self.statements.append(clear)
         # Fix line numbers.
@@ -839,7 +858,7 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
             else:  # **args have `arg` keywords with an .arg of None
                 arg_expls.append("**" + expl)
 
-        expl = "%s(%s)" % (func_expl, ', '.join(arg_expls))
+        expl = "%s(%s)" % (func_expl, ", ".join(arg_expls))
         new_call = ast.Call(new_func, new_args, new_kwargs)
         res = self.assign(new_call)
         res_expl = self.explanation_param(self.display(res))
@@ -849,7 +868,7 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
     def visit_Starred(self, starred):
         # From Python 3.5, a Starred node can appear in a function call
         res, expl = self.visit(starred.value)
-        return starred, '*' + expl
+        return starred, "*" + expl
 
     def visit_Call_legacy(self, call):
         """
@@ -874,9 +893,8 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
         if call.kwargs:
             new_kwarg, expl = self.visit(call.kwargs)
             arg_expls.append("**" + expl)
-        expl = "%s(%s)" % (func_expl, ', '.join(arg_expls))
-        new_call = ast.Call(new_func, new_args, new_kwargs,
-                            new_star, new_kwarg)
+        expl = "%s(%s)" % (func_expl, ", ".join(arg_expls))
+        new_call = ast.Call(new_func, new_args, new_kwargs, new_star, new_kwarg)
         res = self.assign(new_call)
         res_expl = self.explanation_param(self.display(res))
         outer_expl = "%s\n{%s = %s\n}" % (res_expl, res_expl, expl)
@@ -904,7 +922,7 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
         self.push_format_context()
         left_res, left_expl = self.visit(comp.left)
         if isinstance(comp.left, (ast.Compare, ast.BoolOp)):
-            left_expl = "({0})".format(left_expl)
+            left_expl = "({})".format(left_expl)
         res_variables = [self.variable() for i in range(len(comp.ops))]
         load_names = [ast.Name(v, ast.Load()) for v in res_variables]
         store_names = [ast.Name(v, ast.Store()) for v in res_variables]
@@ -915,7 +933,7 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
         for i, op, next_operand in it:
             next_res, next_expl = self.visit(next_operand)
             if isinstance(next_operand, (ast.Compare, ast.BoolOp)):
-                next_expl = "({0})".format(next_expl)
+                next_expl = "({})".format(next_expl)
             results.append(next_res)
             sym = binop_map[op.__class__]
             syms.append(ast.Str(sym))
@@ -925,11 +943,13 @@ class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
             self.statements.append(ast.Assign([store_names[i]], res_expr))
             left_res, left_expl = next_res, next_expl
         # Use pytest.assertion.util._reprcompare if that's available.
-        expl_call = self.helper("call_reprcompare",
-                                ast.Tuple(syms, ast.Load()),
-                                ast.Tuple(load_names, ast.Load()),
-                                ast.Tuple(expls, ast.Load()),
-                                ast.Tuple(results, ast.Load()))
+        expl_call = self.helper(
+            "call_reprcompare",
+            ast.Tuple(syms, ast.Load()),
+            ast.Tuple(load_names, ast.Load()),
+            ast.Tuple(expls, ast.Load()),
+            ast.Tuple(results, ast.Load()),
+        )
         if len(comp.ops) > 1:
             res = ast.BoolOp(ast.And(), load_names)
         else:

_pytest/assertion/truncate.py

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ def _should_truncate_item(item):
 
 def _running_on_ci():
     """Check if we're currently running on a CI system."""
-    env_vars = ['CI', 'BUILD_NUMBER']
+    env_vars = ["CI", "BUILD_NUMBER"]
     return any(var in os.environ for var in env_vars)
 
 
@@ -67,16 +67,13 @@ def _truncate_explanation(input_lines, max_lines=None, max_chars=None):
     # Append useful message to explanation
     truncated_line_count = len(input_lines) - len(truncated_explanation)
     truncated_line_count += 1  # Account for the part-truncated final line
-    msg = '...Full output truncated'
+    msg = "...Full output truncated"
     if truncated_line_count == 1:
-        msg += ' ({0} line hidden)'.format(truncated_line_count)
+        msg += " ({} line hidden)".format(truncated_line_count)
     else:
-        msg += ' ({0} lines hidden)'.format(truncated_line_count)
-    msg += ", {0}" .format(USAGE_MSG)
-    truncated_explanation.extend([
-        six.text_type(""),
-        six.text_type(msg),
-    ])
+        msg += " ({} lines hidden)".format(truncated_line_count)
+    msg += ", {}".format(USAGE_MSG)
+    truncated_explanation.extend([six.text_type(""), six.text_type(msg)])
     return truncated_explanation
 
 

_pytest/assertion/util.py

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ _reprcompare = None
 # with non-ascii characters (see issue 877 and 1379)
 def ecu(s):
     try:
-        return u(s, 'utf-8', 'replace')
+        return u(s, "utf-8", "replace")
     except TypeError:
         return s
 
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ def format_explanation(explanation):
     explanation = ecu(explanation)
     lines = _split_explanation(explanation)
     result = _format_lines(lines)
-    return u('\n').join(result)
+    return u("\n").join(result)
 
 
 def _split_explanation(explanation):
@@ -48,13 +48,13 @@ def _split_explanation(explanation):
     Any other newlines will be escaped and appear in the line as the
     literal '\n' characters.
     """
-    raw_lines = (explanation or u('')).split('\n')
+    raw_lines = (explanation or u("")).split("\n")
     lines = [raw_lines[0]]
     for values in raw_lines[1:]:
-        if values and values[0] in ['{', '}', '~', '>']:
+        if values and values[0] in ["{", "}", "~", ">"]:
             lines.append(values)
         else:
-            lines[-1] += '\\n' + values
+            lines[-1] += "\\n" + values
     return lines
 
 
@@ -71,24 +71,24 @@ def _format_lines(lines):
     stack = [0]
     stackcnt = [0]
     for line in lines[1:]:
-        if line.startswith('{'):
+        if line.startswith("{"):
             if stackcnt[-1]:
-                s = u('and   ')
+                s = u("and   ")
             else:
-                s = u('where ')
+                s = u("where ")
             stack.append(len(result))
             stackcnt[-1] += 1
             stackcnt.append(0)
-            result.append(u(' +') + u('  ') * (len(stack) - 1) + s + line[1:])
-        elif line.startswith('}'):
+            result.append(u(" +") + u("  ") * (len(stack) - 1) + s + line[1:])
+        elif line.startswith("}"):
             stack.pop()
             stackcnt.pop()
             result[stack[-1]] += line[1:]
         else:
-            assert line[0] in ['~', '>']
+            assert line[0] in ["~", ">"]
             stack[-1] += 1
-            indent = len(stack) if line.startswith('~') else len(stack) - 1
-            result.append(u('  ') * indent + line[1:])
+            indent = len(stack) if line.startswith("~") else len(stack) - 1
+            result.append(u("  ") * indent + line[1:])
     assert len(stack) == 1
     return result
 
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ def assertrepr_compare(config, op, left, right):
     left_repr = py.io.saferepr(left, maxsize=int(width // 2))
     right_repr = py.io.saferepr(right, maxsize=width - len(left_repr))
 
-    summary = u('%s %s %s') % (ecu(left_repr), op, ecu(right_repr))
+    summary = u("%s %s %s") % (ecu(left_repr), op, ecu(right_repr))
 
     def issequence(x):
         return isinstance(x, Sequence) and not isinstance(x, basestring)
@@ -127,10 +127,10 @@ def assertrepr_compare(config, op, left, right):
         except TypeError:
             return False
 
-    verbose = config.getoption('verbose')
+    verbose = config.getoption("verbose")
     explanation = None
     try:
-        if op == '==':
+        if op == "==":
             if istext(left) and istext(right):
                 explanation = _diff_text(left, right, verbose)
             else:
@@ -146,14 +146,17 @@ def assertrepr_compare(config, op, left, right):
                         explanation.extend(expl)
                     else:
                         explanation = expl
-        elif op == 'not in':
+        elif op == "not in":
             if istext(left) and istext(right):
                 explanation = _notin_text(left, right, verbose)
     except Exception:
         explanation = [
-            u('(pytest_assertion plugin: representation of details failed.  '
-              'Probably an object has a faulty __repr__.)'),
-            u(_pytest._code.ExceptionInfo())]
+            u(
+                "(pytest_assertion plugin: representation of details failed.  "
+                "Probably an object has a faulty __repr__.)"
+            ),
+            u(_pytest._code.ExceptionInfo()),
+        ]
 
     if not explanation:
         return None
@@ -170,6 +173,7 @@ def _diff_text(left, right, verbose=False):
     If the input are bytes they will be safely converted to text.
     """
     from difflib import ndiff
+
     explanation = []
 
     def escape_for_readable_diff(binary_text):
@@ -179,8 +183,8 @@ def _diff_text(left, right, verbose=False):
         newlines and carriage returns (#429).
         """
         r = six.text_type(repr(binary_text)[1:-1])
-        r = r.replace(r'\n', '\n')
-        r = r.replace(r'\r', '\r')
+        r = r.replace(r"\n", "\n")
+        r = r.replace(r"\r", "\r")
         return r
 
     if isinstance(left, six.binary_type):
@@ -193,9 +197,11 @@ def _diff_text(left, right, verbose=False):
             if left[i] != right[i]:
                 break
         if i > 42:
-            i -= 10                 # Provide some context
-            explanation = [u('Skipping %s identical leading '
-                             'characters in diff, use -v to show') % i]
+            i -= 10  # Provide some context
+            explanation = [
+                u("Skipping %s identical leading " "characters in diff, use -v to show")
+                % i
+            ]
             left = left[i:]
             right = right[i:]
         if len(left) == len(right):
@@ -203,40 +209,48 @@ def _diff_text(left, right, verbose=False):
                 if left[-i] != right[-i]:
                     break
             if i > 42:
-                i -= 10     # Provide some context
-                explanation += [u('Skipping %s identical trailing '
-                                  'characters in diff, use -v to show') % i]
+                i -= 10  # Provide some context
+                explanation += [
+                    u(
+                        "Skipping %s identical trailing "
+                        "characters in diff, use -v to show"
+                    )
+                    % i
+                ]
                 left = left[:-i]
                 right = right[:-i]
     keepends = True
     if left.isspace() or right.isspace():
         left = repr(str(left))
         right = repr(str(right))
-        explanation += [u'Strings contain only whitespace, escaping them using repr()']
-    explanation += [line.strip('\n')
-                    for line in ndiff(left.splitlines(keepends),
-                                      right.splitlines(keepends))]
+        explanation += [u"Strings contain only whitespace, escaping them using repr()"]
+    explanation += [
+        line.strip("\n")
+        for line in ndiff(left.splitlines(keepends), right.splitlines(keepends))
+    ]
     return explanation
 
 
 def _compare_eq_iterable(left, right, verbose=False):
     if not verbose:
-        return [u('Use -v to get the full diff')]
+        return [u("Use -v to get the full diff")]
     # dynamic import to speedup pytest
     import difflib
 
     try:
         left_formatting = pprint.pformat(left).splitlines()
         right_formatting = pprint.pformat(right).splitlines()
-        explanation = [u('Full diff:')]
+        explanation = [u("Full diff:")]
     except Exception:
         # hack: PrettyPrinter.pformat() in python 2 fails when formatting items that can't be sorted(), ie, calling
         # sorted() on a list would raise. See issue #718.
         # As a workaround, the full diff is generated by using the repr() string of each item of each container.
         left_formatting = sorted(repr(x) for x in left)
         right_formatting = sorted(repr(x) for x in right)
-        explanation = [u('Full diff (fallback to calling repr on each item):')]
-    explanation.extend(line.strip() for line in difflib.ndiff(left_formatting, right_formatting))
+        explanation = [u("Full diff (fallback to calling repr on each item):")]
+    explanation.extend(
+        line.strip() for line in difflib.ndiff(left_formatting, right_formatting)
+    )
     return explanation
 
 
@@ -244,16 +258,18 @@ def _compare_eq_sequence(left, right, verbose=False):
     explanation = []
     for i in range(min(len(left), len(right))):
         if left[i] != right[i]:
-            explanation += [u('At index %s diff: %r != %r')
-                            % (i, left[i], right[i])]
+            explanation += [u("At index %s diff: %r != %r") % (i, left[i], right[i])]
             break
     if len(left) > len(right):
-        explanation += [u('Left contains more items, first extra item: %s')
-                        % py.io.saferepr(left[len(right)],)]
+        explanation += [
+            u("Left contains more items, first extra item: %s")
+            % py.io.saferepr(left[len(right)])
+        ]
     elif len(left) < len(right):
         explanation += [
-            u('Right contains more items, first extra item: %s') %
-            py.io.saferepr(right[len(left)],)]
+            u("Right contains more items, first extra item: %s")
+            % py.io.saferepr(right[len(left)])
+        ]
     return explanation
 
 
@@ -262,11 +278,11 @@ def _compare_eq_set(left, right, verbose=False):
     diff_left = left - right
     diff_right = right - left
     if diff_left:
-        explanation.append(u('Extra items in the left set:'))
+        explanation.append(u("Extra items in the left set:"))
         for item in diff_left:
             explanation.append(py.io.saferepr(item))
     if diff_right:
-        explanation.append(u('Extra items in the right set:'))
+        explanation.append(u("Extra items in the right set:"))
         for item in diff_right:
             explanation.append(py.io.saferepr(item))
     return explanation
@@ -275,29 +291,31 @@ def _compare_eq_set(left, right, verbose=False):
 def _compare_eq_dict(left, right, verbose=False):
     explanation = []
     common = set(left).intersection(set(right))
-    same = dict((k, left[k]) for k in common if left[k] == right[k])
+    same = {k: left[k] for k in common if left[k] == right[k]}
     if same and verbose < 2:
-        explanation += [u('Omitting %s identical items, use -vv to show') %
-                        len(same)]
+        explanation += [u("Omitting %s identical items, use -vv to show") % len(same)]
     elif same:
-        explanation += [u('Common items:')]
+        explanation += [u("Common items:")]
         explanation += pprint.pformat(same).splitlines()
-    diff = set(k for k in common if left[k] != right[k])
+    diff = {k for k in common if left[k] != right[k]}
     if diff:
-        explanation += [u('Differing items:')]
+        explanation += [u("Differing items:")]
         for k in diff:
-            explanation += [py.io.saferepr({k: left[k]}) + ' != ' +
-                            py.io.saferepr({k: right[k]})]
+            explanation += [
+                py.io.saferepr({k: left[k]}) + " != " + py.io.saferepr({k: right[k]})
+            ]
     extra_left = set(left) - set(right)
     if extra_left:
-        explanation.append(u('Left contains more items:'))
-        explanation.extend(pprint.pformat(
-            dict((k, left[k]) for k in extra_left)).splitlines())
+        explanation.append(u("Left contains more items:"))
+        explanation.extend(
+            pprint.pformat({k: left[k] for k in extra_left}).splitlines()
+        )
     extra_right = set(right) - set(left)
     if extra_right:
-        explanation.append(u('Right contains more items:'))
-        explanation.extend(pprint.pformat(
-            dict((k, right[k]) for k in extra_right)).splitlines())
+        explanation.append(u("Right contains more items:"))
+        explanation.extend(
+            pprint.pformat({k: right[k] for k in extra_right}).splitlines()
+        )
     return explanation
 
 
@@ -307,14 +325,14 @@ def _notin_text(term, text, verbose=False):
     tail = text[index + len(term):]
     correct_text = head + tail
     diff = _diff_text(correct_text, text, verbose)
-    newdiff = [u('%s is contained here:') % py.io.saferepr(term, maxsize=42)]
+    newdiff = [u("%s is contained here:") % py.io.saferepr(term, maxsize=42)]
     for line in diff:
-        if line.startswith(u('Skipping')):
+        if line.startswith(u("Skipping")):
             continue
-        if line.startswith(u('- ')):
+        if line.startswith(u("- ")):
             continue
-        if line.startswith(u('+ ')):
-            newdiff.append(u('  ') + line[2:])
+        if line.startswith(u("+ ")):
+            newdiff.append(u("  ") + line[2:])
         else:
             newdiff.append(line)
     return newdiff

_pytest/cacheprovider.py

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ from os.path import sep as _sep, altsep as _altsep
 
 
 class Cache(object):
+
     def __init__(self, config):
         self.config = config
         self._cachedir = Cache.cache_dir_from_config(config)
@@ -53,7 +54,7 @@ class Cache(object):
         return self._cachedir.ensure_dir("d", name)
 
     def _getvaluepath(self, key):
-        return self._cachedir.join('v', *key.split('/'))
+        return self._cachedir.join("v", *key.split("/"))
 
     def get(self, key, default):
         """ return cached value for the given key.  If no value
@@ -89,17 +90,18 @@ class Cache(object):
             path.dirpath().ensure_dir()
         except (py.error.EEXIST, py.error.EACCES):
             self.config.warn(
-                code='I9', message='could not create cache path %s' % (path,)
+                code="I9", message="could not create cache path %s" % (path,)
             )
             return
         try:
-            f = path.open('w')
+            f = path.open("w")
         except py.error.ENOTDIR:
             self.config.warn(
-                code='I9', message='cache could not write path %s' % (path,))
+                code="I9", message="cache could not write path %s" % (path,)
+            )
         else:
             with f:
-                self.trace("cache-write %s: %r" % (key, value,))
+                self.trace("cache-write %s: %r" % (key, value))
                 json.dump(value, f, indent=2, sort_keys=True)
 
 
@@ -108,39 +110,38 @@ class LFPlugin(object):
 
     def __init__(self, config):
         self.config = config
-        active_keys = 'lf', 'failedfirst'
+        active_keys = "lf", "failedfirst"
         self.active = any(config.getoption(key) for key in active_keys)
         self.lastfailed = config.cache.get("cache/lastfailed", {})
         self._previously_failed_count = None
-        self._no_failures_behavior = self.config.getoption('last_failed_no_failures')
+        self._no_failures_behavior = self.config.getoption("last_failed_no_failures")
 
     def pytest_report_collectionfinish(self):
         if self.active:
             if not self._previously_failed_count:
-                mode = "run {} (no recorded failures)".format(self._no_failures_behavior)
+                mode = "run {} (no recorded failures)".format(
+                    self._no_failures_behavior
+                )
             else:
-                noun = 'failure' if self._previously_failed_count == 1 else 'failures'
-                suffix = " first" if self.config.getoption(
-                    "failedfirst") else ""
+                noun = "failure" if self._previously_failed_count == 1 else "failures"
+                suffix = " first" if self.config.getoption("failedfirst") else ""
                 mode = "rerun previous {count} {noun}{suffix}".format(
                     count=self._previously_failed_count, suffix=suffix, noun=noun
                 )
             return "run-last-failure: %s" % mode
 
     def pytest_runtest_logreport(self, report):
-        if (report.when == 'call' and report.passed) or report.skipped:
+        if (report.when == "call" and report.passed) or report.skipped:
             self.lastfailed.pop(report.nodeid, None)
         elif report.failed:
             self.lastfailed[report.nodeid] = True
 
     def pytest_collectreport(self, report):
-        passed = report.outcome in ('passed', 'skipped')
+        passed = report.outcome in ("passed", "skipped")
         if passed:
             if report.nodeid in self.lastfailed:
                 self.lastfailed.pop(report.nodeid)
-                self.lastfailed.update(
-                    (item.nodeid, True)
-                    for item in report.result)
+                self.lastfailed.update((item.nodeid, True) for item in report.result)
         else:
             self.lastfailed[report.nodeid] = True
 
@@ -164,7 +165,7 @@ class LFPlugin(object):
                     config.hook.pytest_deselected(items=previously_passed)
                 else:
                     items[:] = previously_failed + previously_passed
-            elif self._no_failures_behavior == 'none':
+            elif self._no_failures_behavior == "none":
                 config.hook.pytest_deselected(items=items)
                 items[:] = []
 
@@ -196,8 +197,11 @@ class NFPlugin(object):
                 else:
                     other_items[item.nodeid] = item
 
-            items[:] = self._get_increasing_order(six.itervalues(new_items)) + \
-                self._get_increasing_order(six.itervalues(other_items))
+            items[:] = self._get_increasing_order(
+                six.itervalues(new_items)
+            ) + self._get_increasing_order(
+                six.itervalues(other_items)
+            )
         self.cached_nodeids = [x.nodeid for x in items if isinstance(x, pytest.Item)]
 
     def _get_increasing_order(self, items):
@@ -214,38 +218,59 @@ class NFPlugin(object):
 def pytest_addoption(parser):
     group = parser.getgroup("general")
     group.addoption(
-        '--lf', '--last-failed', action='store_true', dest="lf",
+        "--lf",
+        "--last-failed",
+        action="store_true",
+        dest="lf",
         help="rerun only the tests that failed "
-             "at the last run (or all if none failed)")
+        "at the last run (or all if none failed)",
+    )
     group.addoption(
-        '--ff', '--failed-first', action='store_true', dest="failedfirst",
+        "--ff",
+        "--failed-first",
+        action="store_true",
+        dest="failedfirst",
         help="run all tests but run the last failures first.  "
-             "This may re-order tests and thus lead to "
-             "repeated fixture setup/teardown")
+        "This may re-order tests and thus lead to "
+        "repeated fixture setup/teardown",
+    )
     group.addoption(
-        '--nf', '--new-first', action='store_true', dest="newfirst",
+        "--nf",
+        "--new-first",
+        action="store_true",
+        dest="newfirst",
         help="run tests from new files first, then the rest of the tests "
-             "sorted by file mtime")
+        "sorted by file mtime",
+    )
     group.addoption(
-        '--cache-show', action='store_true', dest="cacheshow",
-        help="show cache contents, don't perform collection or tests")
+        "--cache-show",
+        action="store_true",
+        dest="cacheshow",
+        help="show cache contents, don't perform collection or tests",
+    )
     group.addoption(
-        '--cache-clear', action='store_true', dest="cacheclear",
-        help="remove all cache contents at start of test run.")
-    parser.addini(
-        "cache_dir", default='.pytest_cache',
-        help="cache directory path.")
+        "--cache-clear",
+        action="store_true",
+        dest="cacheclear",
+        help="remove all cache contents at start of test run.",
+    )
+    parser.addini("cache_dir", default=".pytest_cache", help="cache directory path.")
     group.addoption(
-        '--lfnf', '--last-failed-no-failures', action='store',
-        dest='last_failed_no_failures', choices=('all', 'none'), default='all',
-        help='change the behavior when no test failed in the last run or no '
-             'information about the last failures was found in the cache'
+        "--lfnf",
+        "--last-failed-no-failures",
+        action="store",
+        dest="last_failed_no_failures",
+        choices=("all", "none"),
+        default="all",
+        help="change the behavior when no test failed in the last run or no "
+        "information about the last failures was found in the cache",
     )
 
 
 def pytest_cmdline_main(config):
     if config.option.cacheshow:
         from _pytest.main import wrap_session
+
         return wrap_session(config, cacheshow)
 
 
@@ -280,6 +305,7 @@ def pytest_report_header(config):
 
 def cacheshow(config, session):
     from pprint import pprint
+
     tw = py.io.TerminalWriter()
     tw.line("cachedir: " + str(config.cache._cachedir))
     if not config.cache._cachedir.check():
@@ -293,8 +319,7 @@ def cacheshow(config, session):
         key = valpath.relto(vdir).replace(valpath.sep, "/")
         val = config.cache.get(key, dummy)
         if val is dummy:
-            tw.line("%s contains unreadable content, "
-                    "will be ignored" % key)
+            tw.line("%s contains unreadable content, " "will be ignored" % key)
         else:
             tw.line("%s contains:" % key)
             stream = py.io.TextIO()
@@ -310,6 +335,5 @@ def cacheshow(config, session):
             #    print("%s/" % p.relto(basedir))
             if p.isfile():
                 key = p.relto(basedir)
-                tw.line("%s is a file of length %d" % (
-                        key, p.size()))
+                tw.line("%s is a file of length %d" % (key, p.size()))
     return 0

_pytest/capture.py

@@ -17,19 +17,26 @@ import pytest
 from _pytest.compat import CaptureIO
 
 
-patchsysdict = {0: 'stdin', 1: 'stdout', 2: 'stderr'}
+patchsysdict = {0: "stdin", 1: "stdout", 2: "stderr"}
 
 
 def pytest_addoption(parser):
     group = parser.getgroup("general")
     group._addoption(
-        '--capture', action="store",
+        "--capture",
+        action="store",
         default="fd" if hasattr(os, "dup") else "sys",
-        metavar="method", choices=['fd', 'sys', 'no'],
-        help="per-test capturing method: one of fd|sys|no.")
+        metavar="method",
+        choices=["fd", "sys", "no"],
+        help="per-test capturing method: one of fd|sys|no.",
+    )
     group._addoption(
-        '-s', action="store_const", const="no", dest="capture",
-        help="shortcut for --capture=no.")
+        "-s",
+        action="store_const",
+        const="no",
+        dest="capture",
+        help="shortcut for --capture=no.",
+    )
 
 
 @pytest.hookimpl(hookwrapper=True)
@@ -50,6 +57,7 @@ def pytest_load_initial_conftests(early_config, parser, args):
     def silence_logging_at_shutdown():
         if "logging" in sys.modules:
             sys.modules["logging"].raiseExceptions = False
+
     early_config.add_cleanup(silence_logging_at_shutdown)
 
     # finally trigger conftest loading but while capturing (issue93)
@@ -180,18 +188,16 @@ class CaptureManager(object):
         item.add_report_section(when, "stderr", err)
 
 
-capture_fixtures = {'capfd', 'capfdbinary', 'capsys', 'capsysbinary'}
+capture_fixtures = {"capfd", "capfdbinary", "capsys", "capsysbinary"}
 
 
 def _ensure_only_one_capture_fixture(request, name):
-    fixtures = set(request.fixturenames) & capture_fixtures - set((name,))
+    fixtures = set(request.fixturenames) & capture_fixtures - {name}
     if fixtures:
         fixtures = sorted(fixtures)
         fixtures = fixtures[0] if len(fixtures) == 1 else fixtures
         raise request.raiseerror(
-            "cannot use {0} and {1} at the same time".format(
-                fixtures, name,
-            ),
+            "cannot use {} and {} at the same time".format(fixtures, name)
         )
 
 
@@ -202,7 +208,7 @@ def capsys(request):
     which return a ``(out, err)`` namedtuple.  ``out`` and ``err`` will be ``text``
     objects.
     """
-    _ensure_only_one_capture_fixture(request, 'capsys')
+    _ensure_only_one_capture_fixture(request, "capsys")
     with _install_capture_fixture_on_item(request, SysCapture) as fixture:
         yield fixture
 
@@ -214,11 +220,11 @@ def capsysbinary(request):
     which return a ``(out, err)`` tuple.  ``out`` and ``err`` will be ``bytes``
     objects.
     """
-    _ensure_only_one_capture_fixture(request, 'capsysbinary')
+    _ensure_only_one_capture_fixture(request, "capsysbinary")
     # Currently, the implementation uses the python3 specific `.buffer`
     # property of CaptureIO.
     if sys.version_info < (3,):
-        raise request.raiseerror('capsysbinary is only supported on python 3')
+        raise request.raiseerror("capsysbinary is only supported on python 3")
     with _install_capture_fixture_on_item(request, SysCaptureBinary) as fixture:
         yield fixture
 
@@ -230,9 +236,11 @@ def capfd(request):
     which return a ``(out, err)`` tuple.  ``out`` and ``err`` will be ``text``
     objects.
     """
-    _ensure_only_one_capture_fixture(request, 'capfd')
-    if not hasattr(os, 'dup'):
-        pytest.skip("capfd fixture needs os.dup function which is not available in this system")
+    _ensure_only_one_capture_fixture(request, "capfd")
+    if not hasattr(os, "dup"):
+        pytest.skip(
+            "capfd fixture needs os.dup function which is not available in this system"
+        )
     with _install_capture_fixture_on_item(request, FDCapture) as fixture:
         yield fixture
 
@@ -244,9 +252,11 @@ def capfdbinary(request):
     which return a ``(out, err)`` tuple.  ``out`` and ``err`` will be
     ``bytes`` objects.
     """
-    _ensure_only_one_capture_fixture(request, 'capfdbinary')
-    if not hasattr(os, 'dup'):
-        pytest.skip("capfdbinary fixture needs os.dup function which is not available in this system")
+    _ensure_only_one_capture_fixture(request, "capfdbinary")
+    if not hasattr(os, "dup"):
+        pytest.skip(
+            "capfdbinary fixture needs os.dup function which is not available in this system"
+        )
     with _install_capture_fixture_on_item(request, FDCaptureBinary) as fixture:
         yield fixture
 
@@ -261,7 +271,7 @@ def _install_capture_fixture_on_item(request, capture_class):
     by ``CaptureManager`` during its ``pytest_runtest_*`` hooks.
     """
     request.node._capture_fixture = fixture = CaptureFixture(capture_class, request)
-    capmanager = request.config.pluginmanager.getplugin('capturemanager')
+    capmanager = request.config.pluginmanager.getplugin("capturemanager")
     # need to active this fixture right away in case it is being used by another fixture (setup phase)
     # if this fixture is being used only by a test function (call phase), then we wouldn't need this
     # activation, but it doesn't hurt
@@ -276,13 +286,15 @@ class CaptureFixture(object):
     Object returned by :py:func:`capsys`, :py:func:`capsysbinary`, :py:func:`capfd` and :py:func:`capfdbinary`
     fixtures.
     """
+
     def __init__(self, captureclass, request):
         self.captureclass = captureclass
         self.request = request
 
     def _start(self):
-        self._capture = MultiCapture(out=True, err=True, in_=False,
-                                     Capture=self.captureclass)
+        self._capture = MultiCapture(
+            out=True, err=True, in_=False, Capture=self.captureclass
+        )
         self._capture.start_capturing()
 
     def close(self):
@@ -305,7 +317,7 @@ class CaptureFixture(object):
     def disabled(self):
         """Temporarily disables capture while inside the 'with' block."""
         self._capture.suspend_capturing()
-        capmanager = self.request.config.pluginmanager.getplugin('capturemanager')
+        capmanager = self.request.config.pluginmanager.getplugin("capturemanager")
         capmanager.suspend_global_capture(item=None, in_=False)
         try:
             yield
@@ -346,7 +358,7 @@ class EncodedFile(object):
         self.buffer.write(obj)
 
     def writelines(self, linelist):
-        data = ''.join(linelist)
+        data = "".join(linelist)
         self.write(data)
 
     @property
@@ -409,7 +421,7 @@ class MultiCapture(object):
 
     def stop_capturing(self):
         """ stop capturing and reset capturing streams """
-        if hasattr(self, '_reset'):
+        if hasattr(self, "_reset"):
             raise ValueError("was already stopped")
         self._reset = True
         if self.out:
@@ -421,8 +433,10 @@ class MultiCapture(object):
 
     def readouterr(self):
         """ return snapshot unicode value of stdout/stderr capturings. """
-        return CaptureResult(self.out.snap() if self.out is not None else "",
-                             self.err.snap() if self.err is not None else "")
+        return CaptureResult(
+            self.out.snap() if self.out is not None else "",
+            self.err.snap() if self.err is not None else "",
+        )
 
 
 class NoCapture(object):
@@ -507,6 +521,7 @@ class FDCapture(FDCaptureBinary):
 
     snap() produces text
     """
+
     def snap(self):
         res = FDCaptureBinary.snap(self)
         enc = getattr(self.tmpfile, "encoding", None)
@@ -516,6 +531,7 @@ class FDCapture(FDCaptureBinary):
 
 
 class SysCapture(object):
+
     def __init__(self, fd, tmpfile=None):
         name = patchsysdict[fd]
         self._old = getattr(sys, name)
@@ -553,6 +569,7 @@ class SysCapture(object):
 
 
 class SysCaptureBinary(SysCapture):
+
     def snap(self):
         res = self.tmpfile.buffer.getvalue()
         self.tmpfile.seek(0)
@@ -572,6 +589,7 @@ class DontReadFromInput(six.Iterator):
 
     def read(self, *args):
         raise IOError("reading from stdin while output is captured")
+
     readline = read
     readlines = read
     __next__ = read
@@ -580,8 +598,7 @@ class DontReadFromInput(six.Iterator):
         return self
 
     def fileno(self):
-        raise UnsupportedOperation("redirected stdin is pseudofile, "
-                                   "has no fileno()")
+        raise UnsupportedOperation("redirected stdin is pseudofile, " "has no fileno()")
 
     def isatty(self):
         return False
@@ -594,7 +611,7 @@ class DontReadFromInput(six.Iterator):
         if sys.version_info >= (3, 0):
             return self
         else:
-            raise AttributeError('redirected stdin has no attribute buffer')
+            raise AttributeError("redirected stdin has no attribute buffer")
 
 
 def _colorama_workaround():
@@ -607,7 +624,7 @@ def _colorama_workaround():
     fail in various ways.
     """
 
-    if not sys.platform.startswith('win32'):
+    if not sys.platform.startswith("win32"):
         return
     try:
         import colorama  # noqa
@@ -634,7 +651,7 @@ def _readline_workaround():
     See https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/pull/1281
     """
 
-    if not sys.platform.startswith('win32'):
+    if not sys.platform.startswith("win32"):
         return
     try:
         import readline  # noqa
@@ -664,21 +681,21 @@ def _py36_windowsconsoleio_workaround(stream):
 
     See https://github.com/pytest-dev/py/issues/103
     """
-    if not sys.platform.startswith('win32') or sys.version_info[:2] < (3, 6):
+    if not sys.platform.startswith("win32") or sys.version_info[:2] < (3, 6):
         return
 
     # bail out if ``stream`` doesn't seem like a proper ``io`` stream (#2666)
-    if not hasattr(stream, 'buffer'):
+    if not hasattr(stream, "buffer"):
         return
 
-    buffered = hasattr(stream.buffer, 'raw')
+    buffered = hasattr(stream.buffer, "raw")
     raw_stdout = stream.buffer.raw if buffered else stream.buffer
 
     if not isinstance(raw_stdout, io._WindowsConsoleIO):
         return
 
     def _reopen_stdio(f, mode):
-        if not buffered and mode[0] == 'w':
+        if not buffered and mode[0] == "w":
             buffering = 0
         else:
             buffering = -1
@@ -688,11 +705,12 @@ def _py36_windowsconsoleio_workaround(stream):
             f.encoding,
             f.errors,
             f.newlines,
-            f.line_buffering)
+            f.line_buffering,
+        )
 
-    sys.__stdin__ = sys.stdin = _reopen_stdio(sys.stdin, 'rb')
-    sys.__stdout__ = sys.stdout = _reopen_stdio(sys.stdout, 'wb')
-    sys.__stderr__ = sys.stderr = _reopen_stdio(sys.stderr, 'wb')
+    sys.__stdin__ = sys.stdin = _reopen_stdio(sys.stdin, "rb")
+    sys.__stdout__ = sys.stdout = _reopen_stdio(sys.stdout, "wb")
+    sys.__stderr__ = sys.stderr = _reopen_stdio(sys.stderr, "wb")
 
 
 def _attempt_to_close_capture_file(f):

_pytest/compat.py

@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@ import py
 
 import _pytest
 from _pytest.outcomes import TEST_OUTCOME
+from six import text_type
+import six
 
 try:
     import enum
@@ -36,7 +38,7 @@ NOTSET = object()
 
 PY35 = sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 5)
 PY36 = sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 6)
-MODULE_NOT_FOUND_ERROR = 'ModuleNotFoundError' if PY36 else 'ImportError'
+MODULE_NOT_FOUND_ERROR = "ModuleNotFoundError" if PY36 else "ImportError"
 
 if _PY3:
     from collections.abc import MutableMapping as MappingMixin  # noqa
@@ -54,9 +56,9 @@ def _format_args(func):
 isfunction = inspect.isfunction
 isclass = inspect.isclass
 # used to work around a python2 exception info leak
-exc_clear = getattr(sys, 'exc_clear', lambda: None)
+exc_clear = getattr(sys, "exc_clear", lambda: None)
 # The type of re.compile objects is not exposed in Python.
-REGEX_TYPE = type(re.compile(''))
+REGEX_TYPE = type(re.compile(""))
 
 
 def is_generator(func):
@@ -70,8 +72,13 @@ def iscoroutinefunction(func):
     Note: copied and modified from Python 3.5's builtin couroutines.py to avoid import asyncio directly,
     which in turns also initializes the "logging" module as side-effect (see issue #8).
     """
-    return (getattr(func, '_is_coroutine', False) or
-            (hasattr(inspect, 'iscoroutinefunction') and inspect.iscoroutinefunction(func)))
+    return (
+        getattr(func, "_is_coroutine", False)
+        or (
+            hasattr(inspect, "iscoroutinefunction")
+            and inspect.iscoroutinefunction(func)
+        )
+    )
 
 
 def getlocation(function, curdir):
@@ -90,8 +97,9 @@ def num_mock_patch_args(function):
     mock_modules = [sys.modules.get("mock"), sys.modules.get("unittest.mock")]
     if any(mock_modules):
         sentinels = [m.DEFAULT for m in mock_modules if m is not None]
-        return len([p for p in patchings
-                    if not p.attribute_name and p.new in sentinels])
+        return len(
+            [p for p in patchings if not p.attribute_name and p.new in sentinels]
+        )
     return len(patchings)
 
 
@@ -118,16 +126,25 @@ def getfuncargnames(function, is_method=False, cls=None):
     # ordered mapping of parameter names to Parameter instances.  This
     # creates a tuple of the names of the parameters that don't have
     # defaults.
-    arg_names = tuple(p.name for p in signature(function).parameters.values()
-                      if (p.kind is Parameter.POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD or
-                          p.kind is Parameter.KEYWORD_ONLY) and
-                      p.default is Parameter.empty)
+    arg_names = tuple(
+        p.name
+        for p in signature(function).parameters.values()
+        if (
+            p.kind is Parameter.POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD
+            or p.kind is Parameter.KEYWORD_ONLY
+        )
+        and p.default is Parameter.empty
+    )
     # If this function should be treated as a bound method even though
     # it's passed as an unbound method or function, remove the first
     # parameter name.
-    if (is_method or
-        (cls and not isinstance(cls.__dict__.get(function.__name__, None),
-                                staticmethod))):
+    if (
+        is_method
+        or (
+            cls
+            and not isinstance(cls.__dict__.get(function.__name__, None), staticmethod)
+        )
+    ):
         arg_names = arg_names[1:]
     # Remove any names that will be replaced with mocks.
     if hasattr(function, "__wrapped__"):
@@ -138,27 +155,33 @@ def getfuncargnames(function, is_method=False, cls=None):
 def get_default_arg_names(function):
     # Note: this code intentionally mirrors the code at the beginning of getfuncargnames,
     # to get the arguments which were excluded from its result because they had default values
-    return tuple(p.name for p in signature(function).parameters.values()
-                 if p.kind in (Parameter.POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD, Parameter.KEYWORD_ONLY) and
-                 p.default is not Parameter.empty)
+    return tuple(
+        p.name
+        for p in signature(function).parameters.values()
+        if p.kind in (Parameter.POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD, Parameter.KEYWORD_ONLY)
+        and p.default is not Parameter.empty
+    )
 
 
 if _PY3:
     STRING_TYPES = bytes, str
-    UNICODE_TYPES = str,
+    UNICODE_TYPES = six.text_type
 
     if PY35:
+
         def _bytes_to_ascii(val):
-            return val.decode('ascii', 'backslashreplace')
+            return val.decode("ascii", "backslashreplace")
+
     else:
+
         def _bytes_to_ascii(val):
             if val:
                 # source: http://goo.gl/bGsnwC
                 encoded_bytes, _ = codecs.escape_encode(val)
-                return encoded_bytes.decode('ascii')
+                return encoded_bytes.decode("ascii")
             else:
                 # empty bytes crashes codecs.escape_encode (#1087)
-                return ''
+                return ""
 
     def ascii_escaped(val):
         """If val is pure ascii, returns it as a str().  Otherwise, escapes
@@ -181,10 +204,12 @@ if _PY3:
         if isinstance(val, bytes):
             return _bytes_to_ascii(val)
         else:
-            return val.encode('unicode_escape').decode('ascii')
+            return val.encode("unicode_escape").decode("ascii")
+
+
 else:
-    STRING_TYPES = bytes, str, unicode
-    UNICODE_TYPES = unicode,
+    STRING_TYPES = six.string_types
+    UNICODE_TYPES = six.text_type
 
     def ascii_escaped(val):
         """In py2 bytes and str are the same type, so return if it's a bytes
@@ -197,11 +222,11 @@ else:
         """
         if isinstance(val, bytes):
             try:
-                return val.encode('ascii')
+                return val.encode("ascii")
             except UnicodeDecodeError:
-                return val.encode('string-escape')
+                return val.encode("string-escape")
         else:
-            return val.encode('unicode-escape')
+            return val.encode("unicode-escape")
 
 
 def get_real_func(obj):
@@ -210,16 +235,16 @@ def get_real_func(obj):
     """
     start_obj = obj
     for i in range(100):
-        new_obj = getattr(obj, '__wrapped__', None)
+        new_obj = getattr(obj, "__wrapped__", None)
         if new_obj is None:
             break
         obj = new_obj
     else:
         raise ValueError(
-            ("could not find real function of {start}"
-             "\nstopped at {current}").format(
-                start=py.io.saferepr(start_obj),
-                current=py.io.saferepr(obj)))
+            ("could not find real function of {start}" "\nstopped at {current}").format(
+                start=py.io.saferepr(start_obj), current=py.io.saferepr(obj)
+            )
+        )
     if isinstance(obj, functools.partial):
         obj = obj.func
     return obj
@@ -228,7 +253,7 @@ def get_real_func(obj):
 def getfslineno(obj):
     # xxx let decorators etc specify a sane ordering
     obj = get_real_func(obj)
-    if hasattr(obj, 'place_as'):
+    if hasattr(obj, "place_as"):
         obj = obj.place_as
     fslineno = _pytest._code.getfslineno(obj)
     assert isinstance(fslineno[1], int), obj
@@ -267,39 +292,44 @@ def _is_unittest_unexpected_success_a_failure():
 
 
 if _PY3:
+
     def safe_str(v):
         """returns v as string"""
         return str(v)
+
+
 else:
+
     def safe_str(v):
         """returns v as string, converting to ascii if necessary"""
         try:
             return str(v)
         except UnicodeError:
-            if not isinstance(v, unicode):
-                v = unicode(v)
-            errors = 'replace'
-            return v.encode('utf-8', errors)
+            if not isinstance(v, text_type):
+                v = text_type(v)
+            errors = "replace"
+            return v.encode("utf-8", errors)
 
 
 COLLECT_FAKEMODULE_ATTRIBUTES = (
-    'Collector',
-    'Module',
-    'Generator',
-    'Function',
-    'Instance',
-    'Session',
-    'Item',
-    'Class',
-    'File',
-    '_fillfuncargs',
+    "Collector",
+    "Module",
+    "Generator",
+    "Function",
+    "Instance",
+    "Session",
+    "Item",
+    "Class",
+    "File",
+    "_fillfuncargs",
 )
 
 
 def _setup_collect_fakemodule():
     from types import ModuleType
     import pytest
-    pytest.collect = ModuleType('pytest.collect')
+
+    pytest.collect = ModuleType("pytest.collect")
     pytest.collect.__all__ = []  # used for setns
     for attr in COLLECT_FAKEMODULE_ATTRIBUTES:
         setattr(pytest.collect, attr, getattr(pytest, attr))
@@ -313,26 +343,28 @@ if _PY2:
 
         @property
         def encoding(self):
-            return getattr(self, '_encoding', 'UTF-8')
+            return getattr(self, "_encoding", "UTF-8")
+
 
 else:
     import io
 
     class CaptureIO(io.TextIOWrapper):
+
         def __init__(self):
             super(CaptureIO, self).__init__(
-                io.BytesIO(),
-                encoding='UTF-8', newline='', write_through=True,
+                io.BytesIO(), encoding="UTF-8", newline="", write_through=True
             )
 
         def getvalue(self):
-            return self.buffer.getvalue().decode('UTF-8')
+            return self.buffer.getvalue().decode("UTF-8")
 
 
 class FuncargnamesCompatAttr(object):
     """ helper class so that Metafunc, Function and FixtureRequest
     don't need to each define the "funcargnames" compatibility attribute.
     """
+
     @property
     def funcargnames(self):
         """ alias attribute for ``fixturenames`` for pre-2.3 compatibility"""

_pytest/config.py

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import warnings
 import copy
 import six
 import py
+
 # DON't import pytest here because it causes import cycle troubles
 import sys
 import os
@@ -27,6 +28,7 @@ hookspec = HookspecMarker("pytest")
 
 
 class ConftestImportFailure(Exception):
+
     def __init__(self, path, excinfo):
         Exception.__init__(self, path, excinfo)
         self.path = path
@@ -36,7 +38,7 @@ class ConftestImportFailure(Exception):
         etype, evalue, etb = self.excinfo
         formatted = traceback.format_tb(etb)
         # The level of the tracebacks we want to print is hand crafted :(
-        return repr(evalue) + '\n' + ''.join(formatted[2:])
+        return repr(evalue) + "\n" + "".join(formatted[2:])
 
 
 def main(args=None, plugins=None):
@@ -89,7 +91,7 @@ def filename_arg(path, optname):
     :optname: name of the option
     """
     if os.path.isdir(path):
-        raise UsageError("{0} must be a filename, given: {1}".format(optname, path))
+        raise UsageError("{} must be a filename, given: {}".format(optname, path))
     return path
 
 
@@ -100,7 +102,7 @@ def directory_arg(path, optname):
     :optname: name of the option
     """
     if not os.path.isdir(path):
-        raise UsageError("{0} must be a directory, given: {1}".format(optname, path))
+        raise UsageError("{} must be a directory, given: {}".format(optname, path))
     return path
 
 
@@ -108,7 +110,8 @@ default_plugins = (
     "mark main terminal runner python fixtures debugging unittest capture skipping "
     "tmpdir monkeypatch recwarn pastebin helpconfig nose assertion "
     "junitxml resultlog doctest cacheprovider freeze_support "
-    "setuponly setupplan warnings logging").split()
+    "setuponly setupplan warnings logging"
+).split()
 
 
 builtin_plugins = set(default_plugins)
@@ -147,6 +150,7 @@ def _prepareconfig(args=None, plugins=None):
             raise ValueError("not a string or argument list: %r" % (args,))
         args = shlex.split(args, posix=sys.platform != "win32")
         from _pytest import deprecated
+
         warning = deprecated.MAIN_STR_ARGS
     config = get_config()
     pluginmanager = config.pluginmanager
@@ -158,9 +162,10 @@ def _prepareconfig(args=None, plugins=None):
                 else:
                     pluginmanager.register(plugin)
         if warning:
-            config.warn('C1', warning)
+            config.warn("C1", warning)
         return pluginmanager.hook.pytest_cmdline_parse(
-            pluginmanager=pluginmanager, args=args)
+            pluginmanager=pluginmanager, args=args
+        )
     except BaseException:
         config._ensure_unconfigure()
         raise
@@ -189,9 +194,9 @@ class PytestPluginManager(PluginManager):
 
         self.add_hookspecs(_pytest.hookspec)
         self.register(self)
-        if os.environ.get('PYTEST_DEBUG'):
+        if os.environ.get("PYTEST_DEBUG"):
             err = sys.stderr
-            encoding = getattr(err, 'encoding', 'utf8')
+            encoding = getattr(err, "encoding", "utf8")
             try:
                 err = py.io.dupfile(err, encoding=encoding)
             except Exception:
@@ -211,11 +216,13 @@ class PytestPluginManager(PluginManager):
         Use :py:meth:`pluggy.PluginManager.add_hookspecs <PluginManager.add_hookspecs>`
         instead.
         """
-        warning = dict(code="I2",
-                       fslocation=_pytest._code.getfslineno(sys._getframe(1)),
-                       nodeid=None,
-                       message="use pluginmanager.add_hookspecs instead of "
-                               "deprecated addhooks() method.")
+        warning = dict(
+            code="I2",
+            fslocation=_pytest._code.getfslineno(sys._getframe(1)),
+            nodeid=None,
+            message="use pluginmanager.add_hookspecs instead of "
+            "deprecated addhooks() method.",
+        )
         self._warn(warning)
         return self.add_hookspecs(module_or_class)
 
@@ -243,24 +250,31 @@ class PytestPluginManager(PluginManager):
 
     def parse_hookspec_opts(self, module_or_class, name):
         opts = super(PytestPluginManager, self).parse_hookspec_opts(
-            module_or_class, name)
+            module_or_class, name
+        )
         if opts is None:
             method = getattr(module_or_class, name)
             if name.startswith("pytest_"):
-                opts = {"firstresult": hasattr(method, "firstresult"),
-                        "historic": hasattr(method, "historic")}
+                opts = {
+                    "firstresult": hasattr(method, "firstresult"),
+                    "historic": hasattr(method, "historic"),
+                }
         return opts
 
     def register(self, plugin, name=None):
-        if name in ['pytest_catchlog', 'pytest_capturelog']:
-            self._warn('{0} plugin has been merged into the core, '
-                       'please remove it from your requirements.'.format(
-                           name.replace('_', '-')))
+        if name in ["pytest_catchlog", "pytest_capturelog"]:
+            self._warn(
+                "{} plugin has been merged into the core, "
+                "please remove it from your requirements.".format(
+                    name.replace("_", "-")
+                )
+            )
             return
         ret = super(PytestPluginManager, self).register(plugin, name)
         if ret:
             self.hook.pytest_plugin_registered.call_historic(
-                kwargs=dict(plugin=plugin, manager=self))
+                kwargs=dict(plugin=plugin, manager=self)
+            )
 
             if isinstance(plugin, types.ModuleType):
                 self.consider_module(plugin)
@@ -277,20 +291,21 @@ class PytestPluginManager(PluginManager):
     def pytest_configure(self, config):
         # XXX now that the pluginmanager exposes hookimpl(tryfirst...)
         # we should remove tryfirst/trylast as markers
-        config.addinivalue_line("markers",
-                                "tryfirst: mark a hook implementation function such that the "
-                                "plugin machinery will try to call it first/as early as possible.")
-        config.addinivalue_line("markers",
-                                "trylast: mark a hook implementation function such that the "
-                                "plugin machinery will try to call it last/as late as possible.")
+        config.addinivalue_line(
+            "markers",
+            "tryfirst: mark a hook implementation function such that the "
+            "plugin machinery will try to call it first/as early as possible.",
+        )
+        config.addinivalue_line(
+            "markers",
+            "trylast: mark a hook implementation function such that the "
+            "plugin machinery will try to call it last/as late as possible.",
+        )
         self._configured = True
 
     def _warn(self, message):
         kwargs = message if isinstance(message, dict) else {
-            'code': 'I1',
-            'message': message,
-            'fslocation': None,
-            'nodeid': None,
+            "code": "I1", "message": message, "fslocation": None, "nodeid": None
         }
         self.hook.pytest_logwarning.call_historic(kwargs=kwargs)
 
@@ -306,8 +321,9 @@ class PytestPluginManager(PluginManager):
             here.
         """
         current = py.path.local()
-        self._confcutdir = current.join(namespace.confcutdir, abs=True) \
-            if namespace.confcutdir else None
+        self._confcutdir = current.join(
+            namespace.confcutdir, abs=True
+        ) if namespace.confcutdir else None
         self._noconftest = namespace.noconftest
         testpaths = namespace.file_or_dir
         foundanchor = False
@@ -374,8 +390,9 @@ class PytestPluginManager(PluginManager):
                 _ensure_removed_sysmodule(conftestpath.purebasename)
             try:
                 mod = conftestpath.pyimport()
-                if hasattr(mod, 'pytest_plugins') and self._configured:
+                if hasattr(mod, "pytest_plugins") and self._configured:
                     from _pytest.deprecated import PYTEST_PLUGINS_FROM_NON_TOP_LEVEL_CONFTEST
+
                     warnings.warn(PYTEST_PLUGINS_FROM_NON_TOP_LEVEL_CONFTEST)
             except Exception:
                 raise ConftestImportFailure(conftestpath, sys.exc_info())
@@ -418,7 +435,7 @@ class PytestPluginManager(PluginManager):
         self._import_plugin_specs(os.environ.get("PYTEST_PLUGINS"))
 
     def consider_module(self, mod):
-        self._import_plugin_specs(getattr(mod, 'pytest_plugins', []))
+        self._import_plugin_specs(getattr(mod, "pytest_plugins", []))
 
     def _import_plugin_specs(self, spec):
         plugins = _get_plugin_specs_as_list(spec)
@@ -430,7 +447,9 @@ class PytestPluginManager(PluginManager):
         # "terminal" or "capture".  Those plugins are registered under their
         # basename for historic purposes but must be imported with the
         # _pytest prefix.
-        assert isinstance(modname, (six.text_type, str)), "module name as text required, got %r" % modname
+        assert isinstance(modname, (six.text_type, str)), (
+            "module name as text required, got %r" % modname
+        )
         modname = str(modname)
         if self.is_blocked(modname) or self.get_plugin(modname) is not None:
             return
@@ -443,7 +462,9 @@ class PytestPluginManager(PluginManager):
             __import__(importspec)
         except ImportError as e:
             new_exc_type = ImportError
-            new_exc_message = 'Error importing plugin "%s": %s' % (modname, safe_str(e.args[0]))
+            new_exc_message = 'Error importing plugin "%s": %s' % (
+                modname, safe_str(e.args[0])
+            )
             new_exc = new_exc_type(new_exc_message)
 
             six.reraise(new_exc_type, new_exc, sys.exc_info()[2])
@@ -465,10 +486,12 @@ def _get_plugin_specs_as_list(specs):
     """
     if specs is not None:
         if isinstance(specs, str):
-            specs = specs.split(',') if specs else []
+            specs = specs.split(",") if specs else []
         if not isinstance(specs, (list, tuple)):
-            raise UsageError("Plugin specs must be a ','-separated string or a "
-                             "list/tuple of strings for plugin names. Given: %r" % specs)
+            raise UsageError(
+                "Plugin specs must be a ','-separated string or a "
+                "list/tuple of strings for plugin names. Given: %r" % specs
+            )
         return list(specs)
     return []
 
@@ -535,12 +558,14 @@ class Parser(object):
 
     def parse(self, args, namespace=None):
         from _pytest._argcomplete import try_argcomplete
+
         self.optparser = self._getparser()
         try_argcomplete(self.optparser)
         return self.optparser.parse_args([str(x) for x in args], namespace=namespace)
 
     def _getparser(self):
         from _pytest._argcomplete import filescompleter
+
         optparser = MyOptionParser(self, self.extra_info)
         groups = self._groups + [self._anonymous]
         for group in groups:
@@ -552,7 +577,7 @@ class Parser(object):
                     a = option.attrs()
                     arggroup.add_argument(*n, **a)
         # bash like autocompletion for dirs (appending '/')
-        optparser.add_argument(FILE_OR_DIR, nargs='*').completer = filescompleter
+        optparser.add_argument(FILE_OR_DIR, nargs="*").completer = filescompleter
         return optparser
 
     def parse_setoption(self, args, option, namespace=None):
@@ -615,77 +640,74 @@ class Argument(object):
     and ignoring choices and integer prefixes
     https://docs.python.org/3/library/optparse.html#optparse-standard-option-types
     """
-    _typ_map = {
-        'int': int,
-        'string': str,
-        'float': float,
-        'complex': complex,
-    }
+    _typ_map = {"int": int, "string": str, "float": float, "complex": complex}
 
     def __init__(self, *names, **attrs):
         """store parms in private vars for use in add_argument"""
         self._attrs = attrs
         self._short_opts = []
         self._long_opts = []
-        self.dest = attrs.get('dest')
-        if '%default' in (attrs.get('help') or ''):
+        self.dest = attrs.get("dest")
+        if "%default" in (attrs.get("help") or ""):
             warnings.warn(
                 'pytest now uses argparse. "%default" should be'
                 ' changed to "%(default)s" ',
                 DeprecationWarning,
-                stacklevel=3)
+                stacklevel=3,
+            )
         try:
-            typ = attrs['type']
+            typ = attrs["type"]
         except KeyError:
             pass
         else:
             # this might raise a keyerror as well, don't want to catch that
             if isinstance(typ, six.string_types):
-                if typ == 'choice':
+                if typ == "choice":
                     warnings.warn(
-                        'type argument to addoption() is a string %r.'
-                        ' For parsearg this is optional and when supplied'
-                        ' should be a type.'
-                        ' (options: %s)' % (typ, names),
+                        "type argument to addoption() is a string %r."
+                        " For parsearg this is optional and when supplied"
+                        " should be a type."
+                        " (options: %s)" % (typ, names),
                         DeprecationWarning,
-                        stacklevel=3)
+                        stacklevel=3,
+                    )
                     # argparse expects a type here take it from
                     # the type of the first element
-                    attrs['type'] = type(attrs['choices'][0])
+                    attrs["type"] = type(attrs["choices"][0])
                 else:
                     warnings.warn(
-                        'type argument to addoption() is a string %r.'
-                        ' For parsearg this should be a type.'
-                        ' (options: %s)' % (typ, names),
+                        "type argument to addoption() is a string %r."
+                        " For parsearg this should be a type."
+                        " (options: %s)" % (typ, names),
                         DeprecationWarning,
-                        stacklevel=3)
-                    attrs['type'] = Argument._typ_map[typ]
+                        stacklevel=3,
+                    )
+                    attrs["type"] = Argument._typ_map[typ]
                 # used in test_parseopt -> test_parse_defaultgetter
-                self.type = attrs['type']
+                self.type = attrs["type"]
             else:
                 self.type = typ
         try:
             # attribute existence is tested in Config._processopt
-            self.default = attrs['default']
+            self.default = attrs["default"]
         except KeyError:
             pass
         self._set_opt_strings(names)
         if not self.dest:
             if self._long_opts:
-                self.dest = self._long_opts[0][2:].replace('-', '_')
+                self.dest = self._long_opts[0][2:].replace("-", "_")
             else:
                 try:
                     self.dest = self._short_opts[0][1:]
                 except IndexError:
-                    raise ArgumentError(
-                        'need a long or short option', self)
+                    raise ArgumentError("need a long or short option", self)
 
     def names(self):
         return self._short_opts + self._long_opts
 
     def attrs(self):
         # update any attributes set by processopt
-        attrs = 'default dest help'.split()
+        attrs = "default dest help".split()
         if self.dest:
             attrs.append(self.dest)
         for attr in attrs:
@@ -693,11 +715,11 @@ class Argument(object):
                 self._attrs[attr] = getattr(self, attr)
             except AttributeError:
                 pass
-        if self._attrs.get('help'):
-            a = self._attrs['help']
-            a = a.replace('%default', '%(default)s')
+        if self._attrs.get("help"):
+            a = self._attrs["help"]
+            a = a.replace("%default", "%(default)s")
             # a = a.replace('%prog', '%(prog)s')
-            self._attrs['help'] = a
+            self._attrs["help"] = a
         return self._attrs
 
     def _set_opt_strings(self, opts):
@@ -708,37 +730,42 @@ class Argument(object):
             if len(opt) < 2:
                 raise ArgumentError(
                     "invalid option string %r: "
-                    "must be at least two characters long" % opt, self)
+                    "must be at least two characters long" % opt,
+                    self,
+                )
             elif len(opt) == 2:
                 if not (opt[0] == "-" and opt[1] != "-"):
                     raise ArgumentError(
                         "invalid short option string %r: "
                         "must be of the form -x, (x any non-dash char)" % opt,
-                        self)
+                        self,
+                    )
                 self._short_opts.append(opt)
             else:
                 if not (opt[0:2] == "--" and opt[2] != "-"):
                     raise ArgumentError(
                         "invalid long option string %r: "
                         "must start with --, followed by non-dash" % opt,
-                        self)
+                        self,
+                    )
                 self._long_opts.append(opt)
 
     def __repr__(self):
         args = []
         if self._short_opts:
-            args += ['_short_opts: ' + repr(self._short_opts)]
+            args += ["_short_opts: " + repr(self._short_opts)]
         if self._long_opts:
-            args += ['_long_opts: ' + repr(self._long_opts)]
-        args += ['dest: ' + repr(self.dest)]
-        if hasattr(self, 'type'):
-            args += ['type: ' + repr(self.type)]
-        if hasattr(self, 'default'):
-            args += ['default: ' + repr(self.default)]
-        return 'Argument({0})'.format(', '.join(args))
+            args += ["_long_opts: " + repr(self._long_opts)]
+        args += ["dest: " + repr(self.dest)]
+        if hasattr(self, "type"):
+            args += ["type: " + repr(self.type)]
+        if hasattr(self, "default"):
+            args += ["default: " + repr(self.default)]
+        return "Argument({})".format(", ".join(args))
 
 
 class OptionGroup(object):
+
     def __init__(self, name, description="", parser=None):
         self.name = name
         self.description = description
@@ -754,7 +781,8 @@ class OptionGroup(object):
         accepted **and** the automatic destination is in args.twowords
         """
         conflict = set(optnames).intersection(
-            name for opt in self.options for name in opt.names())
+            name for opt in self.options for name in opt.names()
+        )
         if conflict:
             raise ValueError("option names %s already added" % conflict)
         option = Argument(*optnames, **attrs)
@@ -767,7 +795,7 @@ class OptionGroup(object):
     def _addoption_instance(self, option, shortupper=False):
         if not shortupper:
             for opt in option._short_opts:
-                if opt[0] == '-' and opt[1].islower():
+                if opt[0] == "-" and opt[1].islower():
                     raise ValueError("lowercase shortoptions reserved")
         if self.parser:
             self.parser.processoption(option)
@@ -775,12 +803,17 @@ class OptionGroup(object):
 
 
 class MyOptionParser(argparse.ArgumentParser):
+
     def __init__(self, parser, extra_info=None):
         if not extra_info:
             extra_info = {}
         self._parser = parser
-        argparse.ArgumentParser.__init__(self, usage=parser._usage,
-                                         add_help=False, formatter_class=DropShorterLongHelpFormatter)
+        argparse.ArgumentParser.__init__(
+            self,
+            usage=parser._usage,
+            add_help=False,
+            formatter_class=DropShorterLongHelpFormatter,
+        )
         # extra_info is a dict of (param -> value) to display if there's
         # an usage error to provide more contextual information to the user
         self.extra_info = extra_info
@@ -790,11 +823,11 @@ class MyOptionParser(argparse.ArgumentParser):
         args, argv = self.parse_known_args(args, namespace)
         if argv:
             for arg in argv:
-                if arg and arg[0] == '-':
-                    lines = ['unrecognized arguments: %s' % (' '.join(argv))]
+                if arg and arg[0] == "-":
+                    lines = ["unrecognized arguments: %s" % (" ".join(argv))]
                     for k, v in sorted(self.extra_info.items()):
-                        lines.append('  %s: %s' % (k, v))
-                    self.error('\n'.join(lines))
+                        lines.append("  %s: %s" % (k, v))
+                    self.error("\n".join(lines))
             getattr(args, FILE_OR_DIR).extend(argv)
         return args
 
@@ -811,41 +844,44 @@ class DropShorterLongHelpFormatter(argparse.HelpFormatter):
 
     def _format_action_invocation(self, action):
         orgstr = argparse.HelpFormatter._format_action_invocation(self, action)
-        if orgstr and orgstr[0] != '-':  # only optional arguments
+        if orgstr and orgstr[0] != "-":  # only optional arguments
             return orgstr
-        res = getattr(action, '_formatted_action_invocation', None)
+        res = getattr(action, "_formatted_action_invocation", None)
         if res:
             return res
-        options = orgstr.split(', ')
+        options = orgstr.split(", ")
         if len(options) == 2 and (len(options[0]) == 2 or len(options[1]) == 2):
             # a shortcut for '-h, --help' or '--abc', '-a'
             action._formatted_action_invocation = orgstr
             return orgstr
         return_list = []
-        option_map = getattr(action, 'map_long_option', {})
+        option_map = getattr(action, "map_long_option", {})
         if option_map is None:
             option_map = {}
         short_long = {}
         for option in options:
-            if len(option) == 2 or option[2] == ' ':
+            if len(option) == 2 or option[2] == " ":
                 continue
-            if not option.startswith('--'):
-                raise ArgumentError('long optional argument without "--": [%s]'
-                                    % (option), self)
+            if not option.startswith("--"):
+                raise ArgumentError(
+                    'long optional argument without "--": [%s]' % (option), self
+                )
             xxoption = option[2:]
             if xxoption.split()[0] not in option_map:
-                shortened = xxoption.replace('-', '')
-                if shortened not in short_long or \
-                   len(short_long[shortened]) < len(xxoption):
+                shortened = xxoption.replace("-", "")
+                if (
+                    shortened not in short_long
+                    or len(short_long[shortened]) < len(xxoption)
+                ):
                     short_long[shortened] = xxoption
         # now short_long has been filled out to the longest with dashes
         # **and** we keep the right option ordering from add_argument
         for option in options:
-            if len(option) == 2 or option[2] == ' ':
+            if len(option) == 2 or option[2] == " ":
                 return_list.append(option)
-            if option[2:] == short_long.get(option.replace('-', '')):
-                return_list.append(option.replace(' ', '=', 1))
-        action._formatted_action_invocation = ', '.join(return_list)
+            if option[2:] == short_long.get(option.replace("-", "")):
+                return_list.append(option.replace(" ", "=", 1))
+        action._formatted_action_invocation = ", ".join(return_list)
         return action._formatted_action_invocation
 
 
@@ -857,18 +893,19 @@ def _ensure_removed_sysmodule(modname):
 
 
 class Notset(object):
+
     def __repr__(self):
         return "<NOTSET>"
 
 
 notset = Notset()
-FILE_OR_DIR = 'file_or_dir'
+FILE_OR_DIR = "file_or_dir"
 
 
 def _iter_rewritable_modules(package_files):
     for fn in package_files:
-        is_simple_module = '/' not in fn and fn.endswith('.py')
-        is_package = fn.count('/') == 1 and fn.endswith('__init__.py')
+        is_simple_module = "/" not in fn and fn.endswith(".py")
+        is_package = fn.count("/") == 1 and fn.endswith("__init__.py")
         if is_simple_module:
             module_name, _ = os.path.splitext(fn)
             yield module_name
@@ -903,6 +940,7 @@ class Config(object):
 
         def do_setns(dic):
             import pytest
+
             setns(pytest, dic)
 
         self.hook.pytest_namespace.call_historic(do_setns, {})
@@ -929,9 +967,11 @@ class Config(object):
 
     def warn(self, code, message, fslocation=None, nodeid=None):
         """ generate a warning for this test session. """
-        self.hook.pytest_logwarning.call_historic(kwargs=dict(
-            code=code, message=message,
-            fslocation=fslocation, nodeid=nodeid))
+        self.hook.pytest_logwarning.call_historic(
+            kwargs=dict(
+                code=code, message=message, fslocation=fslocation, nodeid=nodeid
+            )
+        )
 
     def get_terminal_writer(self):
         return self.pluginmanager.get_plugin("terminalreporter")._tw
@@ -946,12 +986,10 @@ class Config(object):
             style = "long"
         else:
             style = "native"
-        excrepr = excinfo.getrepr(funcargs=True,
-                                  showlocals=getattr(option, 'showlocals', False),
-                                  style=style,
-                                  )
-        res = self.hook.pytest_internalerror(excrepr=excrepr,
-                                             excinfo=excinfo)
+        excrepr = excinfo.getrepr(
+            funcargs=True, showlocals=getattr(option, "showlocals", False), style=style
+        )
+        res = self.hook.pytest_internalerror(excrepr=excrepr, excinfo=excinfo)
         if not any(res):
             for line in str(excrepr).split("\n"):
                 sys.stderr.write("INTERNALERROR> %s\n" % line)
@@ -978,7 +1016,7 @@ class Config(object):
         for name in opt._short_opts + opt._long_opts:
             self._opt2dest[name] = opt.dest
 
-        if hasattr(opt, 'default') and opt.dest:
+        if hasattr(opt, "default") and opt.dest:
             if not hasattr(self.option, opt.dest):
                 setattr(self.option, opt.dest, opt.default)
 
@@ -987,15 +1025,21 @@ class Config(object):
         self.pluginmanager._set_initial_conftests(early_config.known_args_namespace)
 
     def _initini(self, args):
-        ns, unknown_args = self._parser.parse_known_and_unknown_args(args, namespace=copy.copy(self.option))
-        r = determine_setup(ns.inifilename, ns.file_or_dir + unknown_args, warnfunc=self.warn,
-                            rootdir_cmd_arg=ns.rootdir or None)
+        ns, unknown_args = self._parser.parse_known_and_unknown_args(
+            args, namespace=copy.copy(self.option)
+        )
+        r = determine_setup(
+            ns.inifilename,
+            ns.file_or_dir + unknown_args,
+            warnfunc=self.warn,
+            rootdir_cmd_arg=ns.rootdir or None,
+        )
         self.rootdir, self.inifile, self.inicfg = r
-        self._parser.extra_info['rootdir'] = self.rootdir
-        self._parser.extra_info['inifile'] = self.inifile
+        self._parser.extra_info["rootdir"] = self.rootdir
+        self._parser.extra_info["inifile"] = self.inifile
         self.invocation_dir = py.path.local()
-        self._parser.addini('addopts', 'extra command line options', 'args')
-        self._parser.addini('minversion', 'minimally required pytest version')
+        self._parser.addini("addopts", "extra command line options", "args")
+        self._parser.addini("minversion", "minimally required pytest version")
         self._override_ini = ns.override_ini or ()
 
     def _consider_importhook(self, args):
@@ -1007,11 +1051,11 @@ class Config(object):
         """
         ns, unknown_args = self._parser.parse_known_and_unknown_args(args)
         mode = ns.assertmode
-        if mode == 'rewrite':
+        if mode == "rewrite":
             try:
                 hook = _pytest.assertion.install_importhook(self)
             except SystemError:
-                mode = 'plain'
+                mode = "plain"
             else:
                 self._mark_plugins_for_rewrite(hook)
         _warn_about_missing_assertion(mode)
@@ -1023,17 +1067,18 @@ class Config(object):
         all pytest plugins.
         """
         import pkg_resources
+
         self.pluginmanager.rewrite_hook = hook
 
         # 'RECORD' available for plugins installed normally (pip install)
         # 'SOURCES.txt' available for plugins installed in dev mode (pip install -e)
         # for installed plugins 'SOURCES.txt' returns an empty list, and vice-versa
         # so it shouldn't be an issue
-        metadata_files = 'RECORD', 'SOURCES.txt'
+        metadata_files = "RECORD", "SOURCES.txt"
 
         package_files = (
-            entry.split(',')[0]
-            for entrypoint in pkg_resources.iter_entry_points('pytest11')
+            entry.split(",")[0]
+            for entrypoint in pkg_resources.iter_entry_points("pytest11")
             for metadata in metadata_files
             for entry in entrypoint.dist._get_metadata(metadata)
         )
@@ -1043,23 +1088,25 @@ class Config(object):
 
     def _preparse(self, args, addopts=True):
         if addopts:
-            args[:] = shlex.split(os.environ.get('PYTEST_ADDOPTS', '')) + args
+            args[:] = shlex.split(os.environ.get("PYTEST_ADDOPTS", "")) + args
         self._initini(args)
         if addopts:
             args[:] = self.getini("addopts") + args
         self._checkversion()
         self._consider_importhook(args)
         self.pluginmanager.consider_preparse(args)
-        self.pluginmanager.load_setuptools_entrypoints('pytest11')
+        self.pluginmanager.load_setuptools_entrypoints("pytest11")
         self.pluginmanager.consider_env()
         self.known_args_namespace = ns = self._parser.parse_known_args(
-            args, namespace=copy.copy(self.option))
+            args, namespace=copy.copy(self.option)
+        )
         if self.known_args_namespace.confcutdir is None and self.inifile:
             confcutdir = py.path.local(self.inifile).dirname
             self.known_args_namespace.confcutdir = confcutdir
         try:
-            self.hook.pytest_load_initial_conftests(early_config=self,
-                                                    args=args, parser=self._parser)
+            self.hook.pytest_load_initial_conftests(
+                early_config=self, args=args, parser=self._parser
+            )
         except ConftestImportFailure:
             e = sys.exc_info()[1]
             if ns.help or ns.version:
@@ -1071,33 +1118,43 @@ class Config(object):
 
     def _checkversion(self):
         import pytest
-        minver = self.inicfg.get('minversion', None)
+
+        minver = self.inicfg.get("minversion", None)
         if minver:
             ver = minver.split(".")
             myver = pytest.__version__.split(".")
             if myver < ver:
                 raise pytest.UsageError(
-                    "%s:%d: requires pytest-%s, actual pytest-%s'" % (
-                        self.inicfg.config.path, self.inicfg.lineof('minversion'),
-                        minver, pytest.__version__))
+                    "%s:%d: requires pytest-%s, actual pytest-%s'"
+                    % (
+                        self.inicfg.config.path,
+                        self.inicfg.lineof("minversion"),
+                        minver,
+                        pytest.__version__,
+                    )
+                )
 
     def parse(self, args, addopts=True):
         # parse given cmdline arguments into this config object.
-        assert not hasattr(self, 'args'), (
-            "can only parse cmdline args at most once per Config object")
+        assert not hasattr(
+            self, "args"
+        ), "can only parse cmdline args at most once per Config object"
         self._origargs = args
         self.hook.pytest_addhooks.call_historic(
-            kwargs=dict(pluginmanager=self.pluginmanager))
+            kwargs=dict(pluginmanager=self.pluginmanager)
+        )
         self._preparse(args, addopts=addopts)
         # XXX deprecated hook:
         self.hook.pytest_cmdline_preparse(config=self, args=args)
         self._parser.after_preparse = True
         try:
-            args = self._parser.parse_setoption(args, self.option, namespace=self.option)
+            args = self._parser.parse_setoption(
+                args, self.option, namespace=self.option
+            )
             if not args:
                 cwd = os.getcwd()
                 if cwd == self.rootdir:
-                    args = self.getini('testpaths')
+                    args = self.getini("testpaths")
                 if not args:
                     args = [cwd]
             self.args = args
@@ -1136,7 +1193,7 @@ class Config(object):
                 if default is not None:
                     return default
                 if type is None:
-                    return ''
+                    return ""
                 return []
         if type == "pathlist":
             dp = py.path.local(self.inicfg.config.path).dirpath()
@@ -1203,6 +1260,7 @@ class Config(object):
                 return default
             if skip:
                 import pytest
+
                 pytest.skip("no %r option found" % (name,))
             raise ValueError("no option named %r" % (name,))
 
@@ -1226,16 +1284,20 @@ def _assertion_supported():
 
 def _warn_about_missing_assertion(mode):
     if not _assertion_supported():
-        if mode == 'plain':
-            sys.stderr.write("WARNING: ASSERTIONS ARE NOT EXECUTED"
-                             " and FAILING TESTS WILL PASS.  Are you"
-                             " using python -O?")
+        if mode == "plain":
+            sys.stderr.write(
+                "WARNING: ASSERTIONS ARE NOT EXECUTED"
+                " and FAILING TESTS WILL PASS.  Are you"
+                " using python -O?"
+            )
         else:
-            sys.stderr.write("WARNING: assertions not in test modules or"
-                             " plugins will be ignored"
-                             " because assert statements are not executed "
-                             "by the underlying Python interpreter "
-                             "(are you using python -O?)\n")
+            sys.stderr.write(
+                "WARNING: assertions not in test modules or"
+                " plugins will be ignored"
+                " because assert statements are not executed "
+                "by the underlying Python interpreter "
+                "(are you using python -O?)\n"
+            )
 
 
 def exists(path, ignore=EnvironmentError):
@@ -1256,6 +1318,7 @@ def getcfg(args, warnfunc=None):
         adopts standard deprecation warnings (#1804).
     """
     from _pytest.deprecated import CFG_PYTEST_SECTION
+
     inibasenames = ["pytest.ini", "tox.ini", "setup.cfg"]
     args = [x for x in args if not str(x).startswith("-")]
     if not args:
@@ -1267,12 +1330,17 @@ def getcfg(args, warnfunc=None):
                 p = base.join(inibasename)
                 if exists(p):
                     iniconfig = py.iniconfig.IniConfig(p)
-                    if 'pytest' in iniconfig.sections:
-                        if inibasename == 'setup.cfg' and warnfunc:
-                            warnfunc('C1', CFG_PYTEST_SECTION.format(filename=inibasename))
-                        return base, p, iniconfig['pytest']
-                    if inibasename == 'setup.cfg' and 'tool:pytest' in iniconfig.sections:
-                        return base, p, iniconfig['tool:pytest']
+                    if "pytest" in iniconfig.sections:
+                        if inibasename == "setup.cfg" and warnfunc:
+                            warnfunc(
+                                "C1", CFG_PYTEST_SECTION.format(filename=inibasename)
+                            )
+                        return base, p, iniconfig["pytest"]
+                    if (
+                        inibasename == "setup.cfg"
+                        and "tool:pytest" in iniconfig.sections
+                    ):
+                        return base, p, iniconfig["tool:pytest"]
                     elif inibasename == "pytest.ini":
                         # allowed to be empty
                         return base, p, {}
@@ -1303,11 +1371,12 @@ def get_common_ancestor(paths):
 
 
 def get_dirs_from_args(args):
+
     def is_option(x):
-        return str(x).startswith('-')
+        return str(x).startswith("-")
 
     def get_file_part_from_node_id(x):
-        return str(x).split('::')[0]
+        return str(x).split("::")[0]
 
     def get_dir_from_path(path):
         if path.isdir():
@@ -1321,26 +1390,23 @@ def get_dirs_from_args(args):
         if not is_option(arg)
     )
 
-    return [
-        get_dir_from_path(path)
-        for path in possible_paths
-        if path.exists()
-    ]
+    return [get_dir_from_path(path) for path in possible_paths if path.exists()]
 
 
 def determine_setup(inifile, args, warnfunc=None, rootdir_cmd_arg=None):
     dirs = get_dirs_from_args(args)
     if inifile:
         iniconfig = py.iniconfig.IniConfig(inifile)
-        is_cfg_file = str(inifile).endswith('.cfg')
+        is_cfg_file = str(inifile).endswith(".cfg")
         # TODO: [pytest] section in *.cfg files is depricated. Need refactoring.
-        sections = ['tool:pytest', 'pytest'] if is_cfg_file else ['pytest']
+        sections = ["tool:pytest", "pytest"] if is_cfg_file else ["pytest"]
         for section in sections:
             try:
                 inicfg = iniconfig[section]
-                if is_cfg_file and section == 'pytest' and warnfunc:
+                if is_cfg_file and section == "pytest" and warnfunc:
                     from _pytest.deprecated import CFG_PYTEST_SECTION
-                    warnfunc('C1', CFG_PYTEST_SECTION.format(filename=str(inifile)))
+
+                    warnfunc("C1", CFG_PYTEST_SECTION.format(filename=str(inifile)))
                 break
             except KeyError:
                 inicfg = None
@@ -1356,19 +1422,24 @@ def determine_setup(inifile, args, warnfunc=None, rootdir_cmd_arg=None):
                 rootdir, inifile, inicfg = getcfg(dirs, warnfunc=warnfunc)
                 if rootdir is None:
                     rootdir = get_common_ancestor([py.path.local(), ancestor])
-                    is_fs_root = os.path.splitdrive(str(rootdir))[1] == '/'
+                    is_fs_root = os.path.splitdrive(str(rootdir))[1] == "/"
                     if is_fs_root:
                         rootdir = ancestor
     if rootdir_cmd_arg:
         rootdir_abs_path = py.path.local(os.path.expandvars(rootdir_cmd_arg))
         if not os.path.isdir(str(rootdir_abs_path)):
-            raise UsageError("Directory '{}' not found. Check your '--rootdir' option.".format(rootdir_abs_path))
+            raise UsageError(
+                "Directory '{}' not found. Check your '--rootdir' option.".format(
+                    rootdir_abs_path
+                )
+            )
         rootdir = rootdir_abs_path
     return rootdir, inifile, inicfg or {}
 
 
 def setns(obj, dic):
     import pytest
+
     for name, value in dic.items():
         if isinstance(value, dict):
             mod = getattr(obj, name, None)
@@ -1394,9 +1465,9 @@ def create_terminal_writer(config, *args, **kwargs):
     and has access to a config object should use this function.
     """
     tw = py.io.TerminalWriter(*args, **kwargs)
-    if config.option.color == 'yes':
+    if config.option.color == "yes":
         tw.hasmarkup = True
-    if config.option.color == 'no':
+    if config.option.color == "no":
         tw.hasmarkup = False
     return tw
 
@@ -1411,9 +1482,9 @@ def _strtobool(val):
     .. note:: copied from distutils.util
     """
     val = val.lower()
-    if val in ('y', 'yes', 't', 'true', 'on', '1'):
+    if val in ("y", "yes", "t", "true", "on", "1"):
         return 1
-    elif val in ('n', 'no', 'f', 'false', 'off', '0'):
+    elif val in ("n", "no", "f", "false", "off", "0"):
         return 0
     else:
         raise ValueError("invalid truth value %r" % (val,))

_pytest/debugging.py

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ from doctest import UnexpectedException
 
 try:
     from builtins import breakpoint  # noqa
+
     SUPPORTS_BREAKPOINT_BUILTIN = True
 except ImportError:
     SUPPORTS_BREAKPOINT_BUILTIN = False
@@ -15,12 +16,18 @@ except ImportError:
 def pytest_addoption(parser):
     group = parser.getgroup("general")
     group._addoption(
-        '--pdb', dest="usepdb", action="store_true",
-        help="start the interactive Python debugger on errors or KeyboardInterrupt.")
+        "--pdb",
+        dest="usepdb",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="start the interactive Python debugger on errors or KeyboardInterrupt.",
+    )
     group._addoption(
-        '--pdbcls', dest="usepdb_cls", metavar="modulename:classname",
+        "--pdbcls",
+        dest="usepdb_cls",
+        metavar="modulename:classname",
         help="start a custom interactive Python debugger on errors. "
-             "For example: --pdbcls=IPython.terminal.debugger:TerminalPdb")
+        "For example: --pdbcls=IPython.terminal.debugger:TerminalPdb",
+    )
 
 
 def pytest_configure(config):
@@ -32,12 +39,12 @@ def pytest_configure(config):
         pdb_cls = pdb.Pdb
 
     if config.getvalue("usepdb"):
-        config.pluginmanager.register(PdbInvoke(), 'pdbinvoke')
+        config.pluginmanager.register(PdbInvoke(), "pdbinvoke")
 
     # Use custom Pdb class set_trace instead of default Pdb on breakpoint() call
     if SUPPORTS_BREAKPOINT_BUILTIN:
-        _environ_pythonbreakpoint = os.environ.get('PYTHONBREAKPOINT', '')
-        if _environ_pythonbreakpoint == '':
+        _environ_pythonbreakpoint = os.environ.get("PYTHONBREAKPOINT", "")
+        if _environ_pythonbreakpoint == "":
             sys.breakpointhook = pytestPDB.set_trace
 
     old = (pdb.set_trace, pytestPDB._pluginmanager)
@@ -66,6 +73,7 @@ class pytestPDB(object):
     def set_trace(cls):
         """ invoke PDB set_trace debugging, dropping any IO capturing. """
         import _pytest.config
+
         frame = sys._getframe().f_back
         if cls._pluginmanager is not None:
             capman = cls._pluginmanager.getplugin("capturemanager")
@@ -79,6 +87,7 @@ class pytestPDB(object):
 
 
 class PdbInvoke(object):
+
     def pytest_exception_interact(self, node, call, report):
         capman = node.config.pluginmanager.getplugin("capturemanager")
         if capman:
@@ -104,10 +113,10 @@ def _enter_pdb(node, excinfo, rep):
 
     showcapture = node.config.option.showcapture
 
-    for sectionname, content in (('stdout', rep.capstdout),
-                                 ('stderr', rep.capstderr),
-                                 ('log', rep.caplog)):
-        if showcapture in (sectionname, 'all') and content:
+    for sectionname, content in (
+        ("stdout", rep.capstdout), ("stderr", rep.capstderr), ("log", rep.caplog)
+    ):
+        if showcapture in (sectionname, "all") and content:
             tw.sep(">", "captured " + sectionname)
             if content[-1:] == "\n":
                 content = content[:-1]
@@ -139,12 +148,15 @@ def _find_last_non_hidden_frame(stack):
 
 
 def post_mortem(t):
+
     class Pdb(pytestPDB._pdb_cls):
+
         def get_stack(self, f, t):
             stack, i = pdb.Pdb.get_stack(self, f, t)
             if f is None:
                 i = _find_last_non_hidden_frame(stack)
             return stack, i
+
     p = Pdb()
     p.reset()
     p.interaction(None, t)

_pytest/deprecated.py

@@ -12,23 +12,23 @@ class RemovedInPytest4Warning(DeprecationWarning):
     """warning class for features removed in pytest 4.0"""
 
 
-MAIN_STR_ARGS = 'passing a string to pytest.main() is deprecated, ' \
-    'pass a list of arguments instead.'
+MAIN_STR_ARGS = "passing a string to pytest.main() is deprecated, " "pass a list of arguments instead."
 
-YIELD_TESTS = 'yield tests are deprecated, and scheduled to be removed in pytest 4.0'
+YIELD_TESTS = "yield tests are deprecated, and scheduled to be removed in pytest 4.0"
 
 FUNCARG_PREFIX = (
     '{name}: declaring fixtures using "pytest_funcarg__" prefix is deprecated '
-    'and scheduled to be removed in pytest 4.0.  '
-    'Please remove the prefix and use the @pytest.fixture decorator instead.')
+    "and scheduled to be removed in pytest 4.0.  "
+    "Please remove the prefix and use the @pytest.fixture decorator instead."
+)
 
-CFG_PYTEST_SECTION = '[pytest] section in {filename} files is deprecated, use [tool:pytest] instead.'
+CFG_PYTEST_SECTION = "[pytest] section in {filename} files is deprecated, use [tool:pytest] instead."
 
 GETFUNCARGVALUE = "use of getfuncargvalue is deprecated, use getfixturevalue"
 
 RESULT_LOG = (
-    '--result-log is deprecated and scheduled for removal in pytest 4.0.\n'
-    'See https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/usage.html#creating-resultlog-format-files for more information.'
+    "--result-log is deprecated and scheduled for removal in pytest 4.0.\n"
+    "See https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/usage.html#creating-resultlog-format-files for more information."
 )
 
 MARK_INFO_ATTRIBUTE = RemovedInPytest4Warning(
@@ -45,13 +45,12 @@ MARK_PARAMETERSET_UNPACKING = RemovedInPytest4Warning(
 
 RECORD_XML_PROPERTY = (
     'Fixture renamed from "record_xml_property" to "record_property" as user '
-    'properties are now available to all reporters.\n'
+    "properties are now available to all reporters.\n"
     '"record_xml_property" is now deprecated.'
 )
 
 COLLECTOR_MAKEITEM = RemovedInPytest4Warning(
-    "pycollector makeitem was removed "
-    "as it is an accidentially leaked internal api"
+    "pycollector makeitem was removed " "as it is an accidentially leaked internal api"
 )
 
 METAFUNC_ADD_CALL = (

_pytest/doctest.py

@@ -10,11 +10,11 @@ from _pytest._code.code import ExceptionInfo, ReprFileLocation, TerminalRepr
 from _pytest.fixtures import FixtureRequest
 
 
-DOCTEST_REPORT_CHOICE_NONE = 'none'
-DOCTEST_REPORT_CHOICE_CDIFF = 'cdiff'
-DOCTEST_REPORT_CHOICE_NDIFF = 'ndiff'
-DOCTEST_REPORT_CHOICE_UDIFF = 'udiff'
-DOCTEST_REPORT_CHOICE_ONLY_FIRST_FAILURE = 'only_first_failure'
+DOCTEST_REPORT_CHOICE_NONE = "none"
+DOCTEST_REPORT_CHOICE_CDIFF = "cdiff"
+DOCTEST_REPORT_CHOICE_NDIFF = "ndiff"
+DOCTEST_REPORT_CHOICE_UDIFF = "udiff"
+DOCTEST_REPORT_CHOICE_ONLY_FIRST_FAILURE = "only_first_failure"
 
 DOCTEST_REPORT_CHOICES = (
     DOCTEST_REPORT_CHOICE_NONE,
@@ -29,31 +29,53 @@ RUNNER_CLASS = None
 
 
 def pytest_addoption(parser):
-    parser.addini('doctest_optionflags', 'option flags for doctests',
-                  type="args", default=["ELLIPSIS"])
-    parser.addini("doctest_encoding", 'encoding used for doctest files', default="utf-8")
+    parser.addini(
+        "doctest_optionflags",
+        "option flags for doctests",
+        type="args",
+        default=["ELLIPSIS"],
+    )
+    parser.addini(
+        "doctest_encoding", "encoding used for doctest files", default="utf-8"
+    )
     group = parser.getgroup("collect")
-    group.addoption("--doctest-modules",
-                    action="store_true", default=False,
-                    help="run doctests in all .py modules",
-                    dest="doctestmodules")
-    group.addoption("--doctest-report",
-                    type=str.lower, default="udiff",
-                    help="choose another output format for diffs on doctest failure",
-                    choices=DOCTEST_REPORT_CHOICES,
-                    dest="doctestreport")
-    group.addoption("--doctest-glob",
-                    action="append", default=[], metavar="pat",
-                    help="doctests file matching pattern, default: test*.txt",
-                    dest="doctestglob")
-    group.addoption("--doctest-ignore-import-errors",
-                    action="store_true", default=False,
-                    help="ignore doctest ImportErrors",
-                    dest="doctest_ignore_import_errors")
-    group.addoption("--doctest-continue-on-failure",
-                    action="store_true", default=False,
-                    help="for a given doctest, continue to run after the first failure",
-                    dest="doctest_continue_on_failure")
+    group.addoption(
+        "--doctest-modules",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="run doctests in all .py modules",
+        dest="doctestmodules",
+    )
+    group.addoption(
+        "--doctest-report",
+        type=str.lower,
+        default="udiff",
+        help="choose another output format for diffs on doctest failure",
+        choices=DOCTEST_REPORT_CHOICES,
+        dest="doctestreport",
+    )
+    group.addoption(
+        "--doctest-glob",
+        action="append",
+        default=[],
+        metavar="pat",
+        help="doctests file matching pattern, default: test*.txt",
+        dest="doctestglob",
+    )
+    group.addoption(
+        "--doctest-ignore-import-errors",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="ignore doctest ImportErrors",
+        dest="doctest_ignore_import_errors",
+    )
+    group.addoption(
+        "--doctest-continue-on-failure",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="for a given doctest, continue to run after the first failure",
+        dest="doctest_continue_on_failure",
+    )
 
 
 def pytest_collect_file(path, parent):
@@ -69,13 +91,13 @@ def _is_setup_py(config, path, parent):
     if path.basename != "setup.py":
         return False
     contents = path.read()
-    return 'setuptools' in contents or 'distutils' in contents
+    return "setuptools" in contents or "distutils" in contents
 
 
 def _is_doctest(config, path, parent):
-    if path.ext in ('.txt', '.rst') and parent.session.isinitpath(path):
+    if path.ext in (".txt", ".rst") and parent.session.isinitpath(path):
         return True
-    globs = config.getoption("doctestglob") or ['test*.txt']
+    globs = config.getoption("doctestglob") or ["test*.txt"]
     for glob in globs:
         if path.check(fnmatch=glob):
             return True
@@ -96,6 +118,7 @@ class ReprFailDoctest(TerminalRepr):
 
 
 class MultipleDoctestFailures(Exception):
+
     def __init__(self, failures):
         super(MultipleDoctestFailures, self).__init__()
         self.failures = failures
@@ -109,10 +132,13 @@ def _init_runner_class():
         Runner to collect failures.  Note that the out variable in this case is
         a list instead of a stdout-like object
         """
-        def __init__(self, checker=None, verbose=None, optionflags=0,
-                     continue_on_failure=True):
+
+        def __init__(
+            self, checker=None, verbose=None, optionflags=0, continue_on_failure=True
+        ):
             doctest.DebugRunner.__init__(
-                self, checker=checker, verbose=verbose, optionflags=optionflags)
+                self, checker=checker, verbose=verbose, optionflags=optionflags
+            )
             self.continue_on_failure = continue_on_failure
 
         def report_failure(self, out, test, example, got):
@@ -132,18 +158,21 @@ def _init_runner_class():
     return PytestDoctestRunner
 
 
-def _get_runner(checker=None, verbose=None, optionflags=0,
-                continue_on_failure=True):
+def _get_runner(checker=None, verbose=None, optionflags=0, continue_on_failure=True):
     # We need this in order to do a lazy import on doctest
     global RUNNER_CLASS
     if RUNNER_CLASS is None:
         RUNNER_CLASS = _init_runner_class()
     return RUNNER_CLASS(
-        checker=checker, verbose=verbose, optionflags=optionflags,
-        continue_on_failure=continue_on_failure)
+        checker=checker,
+        verbose=verbose,
+        optionflags=optionflags,
+        continue_on_failure=continue_on_failure,
+    )
 
 
 class DoctestItem(pytest.Item):
+
     def __init__(self, name, parent, runner=None, dtest=None):
         super(DoctestItem, self).__init__(name, parent)
         self.runner = runner
@@ -155,7 +184,9 @@ class DoctestItem(pytest.Item):
         if self.dtest is not None:
             self.fixture_request = _setup_fixtures(self)
             globs = dict(getfixture=self.fixture_request.getfixturevalue)
-            for name, value in self.fixture_request.getfixturevalue('doctest_namespace').items():
+            for name, value in self.fixture_request.getfixturevalue(
+                "doctest_namespace"
+            ).items():
                 globs[name] = value
             self.dtest.globs.update(globs)
 
@@ -171,7 +202,7 @@ class DoctestItem(pytest.Item):
         """
         Disable output capturing. Otherwise, stdout is lost to doctest (#985)
         """
-        if platform.system() != 'Darwin':
+        if platform.system() != "Darwin":
             return
         capman = self.config.pluginmanager.getplugin("capturemanager")
         if capman:
@@ -181,9 +212,9 @@ class DoctestItem(pytest.Item):
 
     def repr_failure(self, excinfo):
         import doctest
+
         failures = None
-        if excinfo.errisinstance((doctest.DocTestFailure,
-                                  doctest.UnexpectedException)):
+        if excinfo.errisinstance((doctest.DocTestFailure, doctest.UnexpectedException)):
             failures = [excinfo.value]
         elif excinfo.errisinstance(MultipleDoctestFailures):
             failures = excinfo.value.failures
@@ -201,28 +232,35 @@ class DoctestItem(pytest.Item):
                 message = type(failure).__name__
                 reprlocation = ReprFileLocation(filename, lineno, message)
                 checker = _get_checker()
-                report_choice = _get_report_choice(self.config.getoption("doctestreport"))
+                report_choice = _get_report_choice(
+                    self.config.getoption("doctestreport")
+                )
                 if lineno is not None:
                     lines = failure.test.docstring.splitlines(False)
                     # add line numbers to the left of the error message
-                    lines = ["%03d %s" % (i + test.lineno + 1, x)
-                             for (i, x) in enumerate(lines)]
+                    lines = [
+                        "%03d %s" % (i + test.lineno + 1, x)
+                        for (i, x) in enumerate(lines)
+                    ]
                     # trim docstring error lines to 10
                     lines = lines[max(example.lineno - 9, 0):example.lineno + 1]
                 else:
-                    lines = ['EXAMPLE LOCATION UNKNOWN, not showing all tests of that example']
-                    indent = '>>>'
+                    lines = [
+                        "EXAMPLE LOCATION UNKNOWN, not showing all tests of that example"
+                    ]
+                    indent = ">>>"
                     for line in example.source.splitlines():
-                        lines.append('??? %s %s' % (indent, line))
-                        indent = '...'
+                        lines.append("??? %s %s" % (indent, line))
+                        indent = "..."
                 if isinstance(failure, doctest.DocTestFailure):
-                    lines += checker.output_difference(example,
-                                                       failure.got,
-                                                       report_choice).split("\n")
+                    lines += checker.output_difference(
+                        example, failure.got, report_choice
+                    ).split(
+                        "\n"
+                    )
                 else:
                     inner_excinfo = ExceptionInfo(failure.exc_info)
-                    lines += ["UNEXPECTED EXCEPTION: %s" %
-                              repr(inner_excinfo.value)]
+                    lines += ["UNEXPECTED EXCEPTION: %s" % repr(inner_excinfo.value)]
                     lines += traceback.format_exception(*failure.exc_info)
                 reprlocation_lines.append((reprlocation, lines))
             return ReprFailDoctest(reprlocation_lines)
@@ -235,15 +273,17 @@ class DoctestItem(pytest.Item):
 
 def _get_flag_lookup():
     import doctest
-    return dict(DONT_ACCEPT_TRUE_FOR_1=doctest.DONT_ACCEPT_TRUE_FOR_1,
-                DONT_ACCEPT_BLANKLINE=doctest.DONT_ACCEPT_BLANKLINE,
-                NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE=doctest.NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE,
-                ELLIPSIS=doctest.ELLIPSIS,
-                IGNORE_EXCEPTION_DETAIL=doctest.IGNORE_EXCEPTION_DETAIL,
-                COMPARISON_FLAGS=doctest.COMPARISON_FLAGS,
-                ALLOW_UNICODE=_get_allow_unicode_flag(),
-                ALLOW_BYTES=_get_allow_bytes_flag(),
-                )
+
+    return dict(
+        DONT_ACCEPT_TRUE_FOR_1=doctest.DONT_ACCEPT_TRUE_FOR_1,
+        DONT_ACCEPT_BLANKLINE=doctest.DONT_ACCEPT_BLANKLINE,
+        NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE=doctest.NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE,
+        ELLIPSIS=doctest.ELLIPSIS,
+        IGNORE_EXCEPTION_DETAIL=doctest.IGNORE_EXCEPTION_DETAIL,
+        COMPARISON_FLAGS=doctest.COMPARISON_FLAGS,
+        ALLOW_UNICODE=_get_allow_unicode_flag(),
+        ALLOW_BYTES=_get_allow_bytes_flag(),
+    )
 
 
 def get_optionflags(parent):
@@ -256,7 +296,7 @@ def get_optionflags(parent):
 
 
 def _get_continue_on_failure(config):
-    continue_on_failure = config.getvalue('doctest_continue_on_failure')
+    continue_on_failure = config.getvalue("doctest_continue_on_failure")
     if continue_on_failure:
         # We need to turn off this if we use pdb since we should stop at
         # the first failure
@@ -277,14 +317,16 @@ class DoctestTextfile(pytest.Module):
         text = self.fspath.read_text(encoding)
         filename = str(self.fspath)
         name = self.fspath.basename
-        globs = {'__name__': '__main__'}
+        globs = {"__name__": "__main__"}
 
         optionflags = get_optionflags(self)
 
         runner = _get_runner(
-            verbose=0, optionflags=optionflags,
+            verbose=0,
+            optionflags=optionflags,
             checker=_get_checker(),
-            continue_on_failure=_get_continue_on_failure(self.config))
+            continue_on_failure=_get_continue_on_failure(self.config),
+        )
         _fix_spoof_python2(runner, encoding)
 
         parser = doctest.DocTestParser()
@@ -298,31 +340,36 @@ def _check_all_skipped(test):
     option set.
     """
     import doctest
+
     all_skipped = all(x.options.get(doctest.SKIP, False) for x in test.examples)
     if all_skipped:
-        pytest.skip('all tests skipped by +SKIP option')
+        pytest.skip("all tests skipped by +SKIP option")
 
 
 class DoctestModule(pytest.Module):
+
     def collect(self):
         import doctest
+
         if self.fspath.basename == "conftest.py":
             module = self.config.pluginmanager._importconftest(self.fspath)
         else:
             try:
                 module = self.fspath.pyimport()
             except ImportError:
-                if self.config.getvalue('doctest_ignore_import_errors'):
-                    pytest.skip('unable to import module %r' % self.fspath)
+                if self.config.getvalue("doctest_ignore_import_errors"):
+                    pytest.skip("unable to import module %r" % self.fspath)
                 else:
                     raise
         # uses internal doctest module parsing mechanism
         finder = doctest.DocTestFinder()
         optionflags = get_optionflags(self)
         runner = _get_runner(
-            verbose=0, optionflags=optionflags,
+            verbose=0,
+            optionflags=optionflags,
             checker=_get_checker(),
-            continue_on_failure=_get_continue_on_failure(self.config))
+            continue_on_failure=_get_continue_on_failure(self.config),
+        )
 
         for test in finder.find(module, module.__name__):
             if test.examples:  # skip empty doctests
@@ -333,13 +380,15 @@ def _setup_fixtures(doctest_item):
     """
     Used by DoctestTextfile and DoctestItem to setup fixture information.
     """
+
     def func():
         pass
 
     doctest_item.funcargs = {}
     fm = doctest_item.session._fixturemanager
-    doctest_item._fixtureinfo = fm.getfixtureinfo(node=doctest_item, func=func,
-                                                  cls=None, funcargs=False)
+    doctest_item._fixtureinfo = fm.getfixtureinfo(
+        node=doctest_item, func=func, cls=None, funcargs=False
+    )
     fixture_request = FixtureRequest(doctest_item)
     fixture_request._fillfixtures()
     return fixture_request
@@ -355,7 +404,7 @@ def _get_checker():
     An inner class is used to avoid importing "doctest" at the module
     level.
     """
-    if hasattr(_get_checker, 'LiteralsOutputChecker'):
+    if hasattr(_get_checker, "LiteralsOutputChecker"):
         return _get_checker.LiteralsOutputChecker()
 
     import doctest
@@ -373,8 +422,7 @@ def _get_checker():
         _bytes_literal_re = re.compile(r"(\W|^)[bB]([rR]?[\'\"])", re.UNICODE)
 
         def check_output(self, want, got, optionflags):
-            res = doctest.OutputChecker.check_output(self, want, got,
-                                                     optionflags)
+            res = doctest.OutputChecker.check_output(self, want, got, optionflags)
             if res:
                 return True
 
@@ -384,8 +432,9 @@ def _get_checker():
                 return False
 
             else:  # pragma: no cover
+
                 def remove_prefixes(regex, txt):
-                    return re.sub(regex, r'\1\2', txt)
+                    return re.sub(regex, r"\1\2", txt)
 
                 if allow_unicode:
                     want = remove_prefixes(self._unicode_literal_re, want)
@@ -393,8 +442,7 @@ def _get_checker():
                 if allow_bytes:
                     want = remove_prefixes(self._bytes_literal_re, want)
                     got = remove_prefixes(self._bytes_literal_re, got)
-                res = doctest.OutputChecker.check_output(self, want, got,
-                                                         optionflags)
+                res = doctest.OutputChecker.check_output(self, want, got, optionflags)
                 return res
 
     _get_checker.LiteralsOutputChecker = LiteralsOutputChecker
@@ -406,7 +454,8 @@ def _get_allow_unicode_flag():
     Registers and returns the ALLOW_UNICODE flag.
     """
     import doctest
-    return doctest.register_optionflag('ALLOW_UNICODE')
+
+    return doctest.register_optionflag("ALLOW_UNICODE")
 
 
 def _get_allow_bytes_flag():
@@ -414,7 +463,8 @@ def _get_allow_bytes_flag():
     Registers and returns the ALLOW_BYTES flag.
     """
     import doctest
-    return doctest.register_optionflag('ALLOW_BYTES')
+
+    return doctest.register_optionflag("ALLOW_BYTES")
 
 
 def _get_report_choice(key):
@@ -430,7 +480,9 @@ def _get_report_choice(key):
         DOCTEST_REPORT_CHOICE_NDIFF: doctest.REPORT_NDIFF,
         DOCTEST_REPORT_CHOICE_ONLY_FIRST_FAILURE: doctest.REPORT_ONLY_FIRST_FAILURE,
         DOCTEST_REPORT_CHOICE_NONE: 0,
-    }[key]
+    }[
+        key
+    ]
 
 
 def _fix_spoof_python2(runner, encoding):
@@ -443,6 +495,7 @@ def _fix_spoof_python2(runner, encoding):
     This fixes the problem related in issue #2434.
     """
     from _pytest.compat import _PY2
+
     if not _PY2:
         return
 
@@ -459,7 +512,7 @@ def _fix_spoof_python2(runner, encoding):
     runner._fakeout = UnicodeSpoof()
 
 
-@pytest.fixture(scope='session')
+@pytest.fixture(scope="session")
 def doctest_namespace():
     """
     Fixture that returns a :py:class:`dict` that will be injected into the namespace of doctests.

_pytest/fixtures.py

@@ -15,15 +15,23 @@ import _pytest
 from _pytest import nodes
 from _pytest._code.code import TerminalRepr
 from _pytest.compat import (
-    NOTSET, exc_clear, _format_args,
-    getfslineno, get_real_func,
-    is_generator, isclass, getimfunc,
-    getlocation, getfuncargnames,
+    NOTSET,
+    exc_clear,
+    _format_args,
+    getfslineno,
+    get_real_func,
+    is_generator,
+    isclass,
+    getimfunc,
+    getlocation,
+    getfuncargnames,
     safe_getattr,
     FuncargnamesCompatAttr,
 )
 from _pytest.outcomes import fail, TEST_OUTCOME
 
+FIXTURE_MSG = 'fixtures cannot have "pytest_funcarg__" prefix and be decorated with @pytest.fixture:\n{}'
+
 
 @attr.s(frozen=True)
 class PseudoFixtureDef(object):
@@ -35,12 +43,14 @@ def pytest_sessionstart(session):
     import _pytest.python
     import _pytest.nodes
 
-    scopename2class.update({
-        'class': _pytest.python.Class,
-        'module': _pytest.python.Module,
-        'function': _pytest.nodes.Item,
-        'session': _pytest.main.Session,
-    })
+    scopename2class.update(
+        {
+            "class": _pytest.python.Class,
+            "module": _pytest.python.Module,
+            "function": _pytest.nodes.Item,
+            "session": _pytest.main.Session,
+        }
+    )
     session._fixturemanager = FixtureManager(session)
 
 
@@ -50,21 +60,24 @@ scopename2class = {}
 scope2props = dict(session=())
 scope2props["module"] = ("fspath", "module")
 scope2props["class"] = scope2props["module"] + ("cls",)
-scope2props["instance"] = scope2props["class"] + ("instance", )
+scope2props["instance"] = scope2props["class"] + ("instance",)
 scope2props["function"] = scope2props["instance"] + ("function", "keywords")
 
 
 def scopeproperty(name=None, doc=None):
+
     def decoratescope(func):
         scopename = name or func.__name__
 
         def provide(self):
             if func.__name__ in scope2props[self.scope]:
                 return func(self)
-            raise AttributeError("%s not available in %s-scoped context" % (
-                scopename, self.scope))
+            raise AttributeError(
+                "%s not available in %s-scoped context" % (scopename, self.scope)
+            )
 
         return property(provide, None, None, func.__doc__)
+
     return decoratescope
 
 
@@ -95,8 +108,7 @@ def add_funcarg_pseudo_fixture_def(collector, metafunc, fixturemanager):
             callspec.indices[argname] = len(arg2params_list)
             arg2params_list.append(argvalue)
             if argname not in arg2scope:
-                scopenum = callspec._arg2scopenum.get(argname,
-                                                      scopenum_function)
+                scopenum = callspec._arg2scopenum.get(argname, scopenum_function)
                 arg2scope[argname] = scopes[scopenum]
         callspec.funcargs.clear()
 
@@ -119,10 +131,16 @@ def add_funcarg_pseudo_fixture_def(collector, metafunc, fixturemanager):
         if node and argname in node._name2pseudofixturedef:
             arg2fixturedefs[argname] = [node._name2pseudofixturedef[argname]]
         else:
-            fixturedef = FixtureDef(fixturemanager, '', argname,
-                                    get_direct_param_fixture_func,
-                                    arg2scope[argname],
-                                    valuelist, False, False)
+            fixturedef = FixtureDef(
+                fixturemanager,
+                "",
+                argname,
+                get_direct_param_fixture_func,
+                arg2scope[argname],
+                valuelist,
+                False,
+                False,
+            )
             arg2fixturedefs[argname] = [fixturedef]
             if node is not None:
                 node._name2pseudofixturedef[argname] = fixturedef
@@ -154,7 +172,7 @@ def get_parametrized_fixture_keys(item, scopenum):
         for argname, param_index in sorted(cs.indices.items()):
             if cs._arg2scopenum[argname] != scopenum:
                 continue
-            if scopenum == 0:    # session
+            if scopenum == 0:  # session
                 key = (argname, param_index)
             elif scopenum == 1:  # module
                 key = (argname, param_index, item.fspath)
@@ -168,6 +186,7 @@ def get_parametrized_fixture_keys(item, scopenum):
 # down to the lower scopes such as to minimize number of "high scope"
 # setups and teardowns
 
+
 def reorder_items(items):
     argkeys_cache = {}
     items_by_argkey = {}
@@ -205,20 +224,25 @@ def reorder_items_atscope(items, argkeys_cache, items_by_argkey, scopenum):
             item = items_deque.popleft()
             if item in items_done or item in no_argkey_group:
                 continue
-            argkeys = OrderedDict.fromkeys(k for k in scoped_argkeys_cache.get(item, []) if k not in ignore)
+            argkeys = OrderedDict.fromkeys(
+                k for k in scoped_argkeys_cache.get(item, []) if k not in ignore
+            )
             if not argkeys:
                 no_argkey_group[item] = None
             else:
                 slicing_argkey, _ = argkeys.popitem()
                 # we don't have to remove relevant items from later in the deque because they'll just be ignored
-                matching_items = [i for i in scoped_items_by_argkey[slicing_argkey] if i in items]
+                matching_items = [
+                    i for i in scoped_items_by_argkey[slicing_argkey] if i in items
+                ]
                 for i in reversed(matching_items):
                     fix_cache_order(i, argkeys_cache, items_by_argkey)
                     items_deque.appendleft(i)
                 break
         if no_argkey_group:
             no_argkey_group = reorder_items_atscope(
-                                no_argkey_group, argkeys_cache, items_by_argkey, scopenum + 1)
+                no_argkey_group, argkeys_cache, items_by_argkey, scopenum + 1
+            )
             for item in no_argkey_group:
                 items_done[item] = None
         ignore.add(slicing_argkey)
@@ -252,6 +276,7 @@ def get_direct_param_fixture_func(request):
 
 
 class FuncFixtureInfo(object):
+
     def __init__(self, argnames, names_closure, name2fixturedefs):
         self.argnames = argnames
         self.names_closure = names_closure
@@ -362,7 +387,8 @@ class FixtureRequest(FuncargnamesCompatAttr):
     def _addfinalizer(self, finalizer, scope):
         colitem = self._getscopeitem(scope)
         self._pyfuncitem.session._setupstate.addfinalizer(
-            finalizer=finalizer, colitem=colitem)
+            finalizer=finalizer, colitem=colitem
+        )
 
     def applymarker(self, marker):
         """ Apply a marker to a single test function invocation.
@@ -400,7 +426,7 @@ class FixtureRequest(FuncargnamesCompatAttr):
             or ``session`` indicating the caching lifecycle of the resource.
         :arg extrakey: added to internal caching key of (funcargname, scope).
         """
-        if not hasattr(self.config, '_setupcache'):
+        if not hasattr(self.config, "_setupcache"):
             self.config._setupcache = {}  # XXX weakref?
         cachekey = (self.fixturename, self._getscopeitem(scope), extrakey)
         cache = self.config._setupcache
@@ -411,9 +437,11 @@ class FixtureRequest(FuncargnamesCompatAttr):
             val = setup()
             cache[cachekey] = val
             if teardown is not None:
+
                 def finalizer():
                     del cache[cachekey]
                     teardown(val)
+
                 self._addfinalizer(finalizer, scope=scope)
         return val
 
@@ -430,10 +458,8 @@ class FixtureRequest(FuncargnamesCompatAttr):
     def getfuncargvalue(self, argname):
         """ Deprecated, use getfixturevalue. """
         from _pytest import deprecated
-        warnings.warn(
-            deprecated.GETFUNCARGVALUE,
-            DeprecationWarning,
-            stacklevel=2)
+
+        warnings.warn(deprecated.GETFUNCARGVALUE, DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
         return self.getfixturevalue(argname)
 
     def _get_active_fixturedef(self, argname):
@@ -493,8 +519,8 @@ class FixtureRequest(FuncargnamesCompatAttr):
                     source_path = source_path.relto(funcitem.config.rootdir)
                 msg = (
                     "The requested fixture has no parameter defined for the "
-                    "current test.\n\nRequested fixture '{0}' defined in:\n{1}"
-                    "\n\nRequested here:\n{2}:{3}".format(
+                    "current test.\n\nRequested fixture '{}' defined in:\n{}"
+                    "\n\nRequested here:\n{}:{}".format(
                         fixturedef.argname,
                         getlocation(fixturedef.func, funcitem.config.rootdir),
                         source_path,
@@ -524,8 +550,10 @@ class FixtureRequest(FuncargnamesCompatAttr):
             fixturedef.execute(request=subrequest)
         finally:
             # if fixture function failed it might have registered finalizers
-            self.session._setupstate.addfinalizer(functools.partial(fixturedef.finish, request=subrequest),
-                                                  subrequest.node)
+            self.session._setupstate.addfinalizer(
+                functools.partial(fixturedef.finish, request=subrequest),
+                subrequest.node,
+            )
 
     def _check_scope(self, argname, invoking_scope, requested_scope):
         if argname == "request":
@@ -533,11 +561,13 @@ class FixtureRequest(FuncargnamesCompatAttr):
         if scopemismatch(invoking_scope, requested_scope):
             # try to report something helpful
             lines = self._factorytraceback()
-            fail("ScopeMismatch: You tried to access the %r scoped "
-                 "fixture %r with a %r scoped request object, "
-                 "involved factories\n%s" % (
-                     (requested_scope, argname, invoking_scope, "\n".join(lines))),
-                 pytrace=False)
+            fail(
+                "ScopeMismatch: You tried to access the %r scoped "
+                "fixture %r with a %r scoped request object, "
+                "involved factories\n%s"
+                % ((requested_scope, argname, invoking_scope, "\n".join(lines))),
+                pytrace=False,
+            )
 
     def _factorytraceback(self):
         lines = []
@@ -546,8 +576,7 @@ class FixtureRequest(FuncargnamesCompatAttr):
             fs, lineno = getfslineno(factory)
             p = self._pyfuncitem.session.fspath.bestrelpath(fs)
             args = _format_args(factory)
-            lines.append("%s:%d:  def %s%s" % (
-                p, lineno, factory.__name__, args))
+            lines.append("%s:%d:  def %s%s" % (p, lineno, factory.__name__, args))
         return lines
 
     def _getscopeitem(self, scope):
@@ -558,7 +587,9 @@ class FixtureRequest(FuncargnamesCompatAttr):
         if node is None and scope == "class":
             # fallback to function item itself
             node = self._pyfuncitem
-        assert node, 'Could not obtain a node for scope "{}" for function {!r}'.format(scope, self._pyfuncitem)
+        assert node, 'Could not obtain a node for scope "{}" for function {!r}'.format(
+            scope, self._pyfuncitem
+        )
         return node
 
     def __repr__(self):
@@ -612,9 +643,9 @@ def scope2index(scope, descr, where=None):
         return scopes.index(scope)
     except ValueError:
         raise ValueError(
-            "{0} {1}has an unsupported scope value '{2}'".format(
-                descr, 'from {0} '.format(where) if where else '',
-                scope)
+            "{} {}has an unsupported scope value '{}'".format(
+                descr, "from {} ".format(where) if where else "", scope
+            )
         )
 
 
@@ -649,7 +680,7 @@ class FixtureLookupError(LookupError):
                 for i, line in enumerate(lines):
                     line = line.rstrip()
                     addline("  " + line)
-                    if line.lstrip().startswith('def'):
+                    if line.lstrip().startswith("def"):
                         break
 
         if msg is None:
@@ -668,6 +699,7 @@ class FixtureLookupError(LookupError):
 
 
 class FixtureLookupErrorRepr(TerminalRepr):
+
     def __init__(self, filename, firstlineno, tblines, errorstring, argname):
         self.tblines = tblines
         self.errorstring = errorstring
@@ -681,11 +713,15 @@ class FixtureLookupErrorRepr(TerminalRepr):
             tw.line(tbline.rstrip())
         lines = self.errorstring.split("\n")
         if lines:
-            tw.line('{0}       {1}'.format(FormattedExcinfo.fail_marker,
-                                           lines[0].strip()), red=True)
+            tw.line(
+                "{}       {}".format(FormattedExcinfo.fail_marker, lines[0].strip()),
+                red=True,
+            )
             for line in lines[1:]:
-                tw.line('{0}       {1}'.format(FormattedExcinfo.flow_marker,
-                                               line.strip()), red=True)
+                tw.line(
+                    "{}       {}".format(FormattedExcinfo.flow_marker, line.strip()),
+                    red=True,
+                )
         tw.line()
         tw.line("%s:%d" % (self.filename, self.firstlineno + 1))
 
@@ -694,8 +730,7 @@ def fail_fixturefunc(fixturefunc, msg):
     fs, lineno = getfslineno(fixturefunc)
     location = "%s:%s" % (fs, lineno + 1)
     source = _pytest._code.Source(fixturefunc)
-    fail(msg + ":\n\n" + str(source.indent()) + "\n" + location,
-         pytrace=False)
+    fail(msg + ":\n\n" + str(source.indent()) + "\n" + location, pytrace=False)
 
 
 def call_fixture_func(fixturefunc, request, kwargs):
@@ -710,8 +745,9 @@ def call_fixture_func(fixturefunc, request, kwargs):
             except StopIteration:
                 pass
             else:
-                fail_fixturefunc(fixturefunc,
-                                 "yield_fixture function has more than one 'yield'")
+                fail_fixturefunc(
+                    fixturefunc, "yield_fixture function has more than one 'yield'"
+                )
 
         request.addfinalizer(teardown)
     else:
@@ -722,18 +758,25 @@ def call_fixture_func(fixturefunc, request, kwargs):
 class FixtureDef(object):
     """ A container for a factory definition. """
 
-    def __init__(self, fixturemanager, baseid, argname, func, scope, params,
-                 unittest=False, ids=None):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        fixturemanager,
+        baseid,
+        argname,
+        func,
+        scope,
+        params,
+        unittest=False,
+        ids=None,
+    ):
         self._fixturemanager = fixturemanager
-        self.baseid = baseid or ''
+        self.baseid = baseid or ""
         self.has_location = baseid is not None
         self.func = func
         self.argname = argname
         self.scope = scope
         self.scopenum = scope2index(
-            scope or "function",
-            descr='fixture {0}'.format(func.__name__),
-            where=baseid
+            scope or "function", descr="fixture {}".format(func.__name__), where=baseid
         )
         self.params = params
         self.argnames = getfuncargnames(func, is_method=unittest)
@@ -795,8 +838,10 @@ class FixtureDef(object):
         return hook.pytest_fixture_setup(fixturedef=self, request=request)
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        return ("<FixtureDef name=%r scope=%r baseid=%r >" %
-                (self.argname, self.scope, self.baseid))
+        return (
+            "<FixtureDef name=%r scope=%r baseid=%r >"
+            % (self.argname, self.scope, self.baseid)
+        )
 
 
 def pytest_fixture_setup(fixturedef, request):
@@ -849,12 +894,12 @@ class FixtureFunctionMarker(object):
 
     def __call__(self, function):
         if isclass(function):
-            raise ValueError(
-                "class fixtures not supported (may be in the future)")
+            raise ValueError("class fixtures not supported (may be in the future)")
 
         if getattr(function, "_pytestfixturefunction", False):
             raise ValueError(
-                    "fixture is being applied more than once to the same function")
+                "fixture is being applied more than once to the same function"
+            )
 
         function._pytestfixturefunction = self
         return function
@@ -900,8 +945,7 @@ def fixture(scope="function", params=None, autouse=False, ids=None, name=None):
     """
     if callable(scope) and params is None and autouse is False:
         # direct decoration
-        return FixtureFunctionMarker(
-            "function", params, autouse, name=name)(scope)
+        return FixtureFunctionMarker("function", params, autouse, name=name)(scope)
     if params is not None and not isinstance(params, (list, tuple)):
         params = list(params)
     return FixtureFunctionMarker(scope, params, autouse, ids=ids, name=name)
@@ -915,8 +959,9 @@ def yield_fixture(scope="function", params=None, autouse=False, ids=None, name=N
     """
     if callable(scope) and params is None and not autouse:
         # direct decoration
-        return FixtureFunctionMarker(
-            "function", params, autouse, ids=ids, name=name)(scope)
+        return FixtureFunctionMarker("function", params, autouse, ids=ids, name=name)(
+            scope
+        )
     else:
         return FixtureFunctionMarker(scope, params, autouse, ids=ids, name=name)
 
@@ -988,12 +1033,13 @@ class FixtureManager(object):
             argnames = getfuncargnames(func, cls=cls)
         else:
             argnames = ()
-        usefixtures = flatten(mark.args for mark in node.iter_markers(name="usefixtures"))
+        usefixtures = flatten(
+            mark.args for mark in node.iter_markers(name="usefixtures")
+        )
         initialnames = argnames
         initialnames = tuple(usefixtures) + initialnames
         fm = node.session._fixturemanager
-        names_closure, arg2fixturedefs = fm.getfixtureclosure(initialnames,
-                                                              node)
+        names_closure, arg2fixturedefs = fm.getfixtureclosure(initialnames, node)
         return FuncFixtureInfo(argnames, names_closure, arg2fixturedefs)
 
     def pytest_plugin_registered(self, plugin):
@@ -1058,7 +1104,7 @@ class FixtureManager(object):
             try:
                 fixturedefs = arg2fixturedefs[arg_name]
             except KeyError:
-                return scopes.index('function')
+                return scopes.index("function")
             else:
                 return fixturedefs[-1].scopenum
 
@@ -1071,11 +1117,11 @@ class FixtureManager(object):
             if faclist:
                 fixturedef = faclist[-1]
                 if fixturedef.params is not None:
-                    parametrize_func = getattr(metafunc.function, 'parametrize', None)
+                    parametrize_func = getattr(metafunc.function, "parametrize", None)
                     if parametrize_func is not None:
                         parametrize_func = parametrize_func.combined
-                    func_params = getattr(parametrize_func, 'args', [[None]])
-                    func_kwargs = getattr(parametrize_func, 'kwargs', {})
+                    func_params = getattr(parametrize_func, "args", [[None]])
+                    func_kwargs = getattr(parametrize_func, "kwargs", {})
                     # skip directly parametrized arguments
                     if "argnames" in func_kwargs:
                         argnames = parametrize_func.kwargs["argnames"]
@@ -1084,9 +1130,13 @@ class FixtureManager(object):
                     if not isinstance(argnames, (tuple, list)):
                         argnames = [x.strip() for x in argnames.split(",") if x.strip()]
                     if argname not in func_params and argname not in argnames:
-                        metafunc.parametrize(argname, fixturedef.params,
-                                             indirect=True, scope=fixturedef.scope,
-                                             ids=fixturedef.ids)
+                        metafunc.parametrize(
+                            argname,
+                            fixturedef.params,
+                            indirect=True,
+                            scope=fixturedef.scope,
+                            ids=fixturedef.ids,
+                        )
             else:
                 continue  # will raise FixtureLookupError at setup time
 
@@ -1118,7 +1168,10 @@ class FixtureManager(object):
                     continue
                 marker = defaultfuncargprefixmarker
                 from _pytest import deprecated
-                self.config.warn('C1', deprecated.FUNCARG_PREFIX.format(name=name), nodeid=nodeid)
+
+                self.config.warn(
+                    "C1", deprecated.FUNCARG_PREFIX.format(name=name), nodeid=nodeid
+                )
                 name = name[len(self._argprefix):]
             elif not isinstance(marker, FixtureFunctionMarker):
                 # magic globals  with __getattr__ might have got us a wrong
@@ -1127,13 +1180,18 @@ class FixtureManager(object):
             else:
                 if marker.name:
                     name = marker.name
-                msg = 'fixtures cannot have "pytest_funcarg__" prefix ' \
-                      'and be decorated with @pytest.fixture:\n%s' % name
-                assert not name.startswith(self._argprefix), msg
+                assert not name.startswith(self._argprefix), FIXTURE_MSG.format(name)
 
-            fixture_def = FixtureDef(self, nodeid, name, obj,
-                                     marker.scope, marker.params,
-                                     unittest=unittest, ids=marker.ids)
+            fixture_def = FixtureDef(
+                self,
+                nodeid,
+                name,
+                obj,
+                marker.scope,
+                marker.params,
+                unittest=unittest,
+                ids=marker.ids,
+            )
 
             faclist = self._arg2fixturedefs.setdefault(name, [])
             if fixture_def.has_location:
@@ -1149,7 +1207,7 @@ class FixtureManager(object):
                 autousenames.append(name)
 
         if autousenames:
-            self._nodeid_and_autousenames.append((nodeid or '', autousenames))
+            self._nodeid_and_autousenames.append((nodeid or "", autousenames))
 
     def getfixturedefs(self, argname, nodeid):
         """

_pytest/freeze_support.py

@@ -12,12 +12,13 @@ def freeze_includes():
     """
     import py
     import _pytest
+
     result = list(_iter_all_modules(py))
     result += list(_iter_all_modules(_pytest))
     return result
 
 
-def _iter_all_modules(package, prefix=''):
+def _iter_all_modules(package, prefix=""):
     """
     Iterates over the names of all modules that can be found in the given
     package, recursively.
@@ -31,13 +32,14 @@ def _iter_all_modules(package, prefix=''):
     """
     import os
     import pkgutil
+
     if type(package) is not str:
-        path, prefix = package.__path__[0], package.__name__ + '.'
+        path, prefix = package.__path__[0], package.__name__ + "."
     else:
         path = package
     for _, name, is_package in pkgutil.iter_modules([path]):
         if is_package:
-            for m in _iter_all_modules(os.path.join(path, name), prefix=name + '.'):
+            for m in _iter_all_modules(os.path.join(path, name), prefix=name + "."):
                 yield prefix + m
         else:
             yield prefix + name

_pytest/helpconfig.py

@@ -18,48 +18,69 @@ class HelpAction(Action):
     implemented by raising SystemExit.
     """
 
-    def __init__(self,
-                 option_strings,
-                 dest=None,
-                 default=False,
-                 help=None):
+    def __init__(self, option_strings, dest=None, default=False, help=None):
         super(HelpAction, self).__init__(
             option_strings=option_strings,
             dest=dest,
             const=True,
             default=default,
             nargs=0,
-            help=help)
+            help=help,
+        )
 
     def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
         setattr(namespace, self.dest, self.const)
 
         # We should only skip the rest of the parsing after preparse is done
-        if getattr(parser._parser, 'after_preparse', False):
+        if getattr(parser._parser, "after_preparse", False):
             raise PrintHelp
 
 
 def pytest_addoption(parser):
-    group = parser.getgroup('debugconfig')
-    group.addoption('--version', action="store_true",
-                    help="display pytest lib version and import information.")
-    group._addoption("-h", "--help", action=HelpAction, dest="help",
-                     help="show help message and configuration info")
-    group._addoption('-p', action="append", dest="plugins", default=[],
-                     metavar="name",
-                     help="early-load given plugin (multi-allowed). "
-                     "To avoid loading of plugins, use the `no:` prefix, e.g. "
-                     "`no:doctest`.")
-    group.addoption('--traceconfig', '--trace-config',
-                    action="store_true", default=False,
-                    help="trace considerations of conftest.py files."),
-    group.addoption('--debug',
-                    action="store_true", dest="debug", default=False,
-                    help="store internal tracing debug information in 'pytestdebug.log'.")
+    group = parser.getgroup("debugconfig")
+    group.addoption(
+        "--version",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="display pytest lib version and import information.",
+    )
     group._addoption(
-        '-o', '--override-ini', dest="override_ini",
+        "-h",
+        "--help",
+        action=HelpAction,
+        dest="help",
+        help="show help message and configuration info",
+    )
+    group._addoption(
+        "-p",
         action="append",
-        help='override ini option with "option=value" style, e.g. `-o xfail_strict=True -o cache_dir=cache`.')
+        dest="plugins",
+        default=[],
+        metavar="name",
+        help="early-load given plugin (multi-allowed). "
+        "To avoid loading of plugins, use the `no:` prefix, e.g. "
+        "`no:doctest`.",
+    )
+    group.addoption(
+        "--traceconfig",
+        "--trace-config",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="trace considerations of conftest.py files.",
+    ),
+    group.addoption(
+        "--debug",
+        action="store_true",
+        dest="debug",
+        default=False,
+        help="store internal tracing debug information in 'pytestdebug.log'.",
+    )
+    group._addoption(
+        "-o",
+        "--override-ini",
+        dest="override_ini",
+        action="append",
+        help='override ini option with "option=value" style, e.g. `-o xfail_strict=True -o cache_dir=cache`.',
+    )
 
 
 @pytest.hookimpl(hookwrapper=True)
@@ -68,20 +89,25 @@ def pytest_cmdline_parse():
     config = outcome.get_result()
     if config.option.debug:
         path = os.path.abspath("pytestdebug.log")
-        debugfile = open(path, 'w')
-        debugfile.write("versions pytest-%s, py-%s, "
-                        "python-%s\ncwd=%s\nargs=%s\n\n" % (
-                            pytest.__version__, py.__version__,
-                            ".".join(map(str, sys.version_info)),
-                            os.getcwd(), config._origargs))
+        debugfile = open(path, "w")
+        debugfile.write(
+            "versions pytest-%s, py-%s, "
+            "python-%s\ncwd=%s\nargs=%s\n\n"
+            % (
+                pytest.__version__,
+                py.__version__,
+                ".".join(map(str, sys.version_info)),
+                os.getcwd(),
+                config._origargs,
+            )
+        )
         config.trace.root.setwriter(debugfile.write)
         undo_tracing = config.pluginmanager.enable_tracing()
         sys.stderr.write("writing pytestdebug information to %s\n" % path)
 
         def unset_tracing():
             debugfile.close()
-            sys.stderr.write("wrote pytestdebug information to %s\n" %
-                             debugfile.name)
+            sys.stderr.write("wrote pytestdebug information to %s\n" % debugfile.name)
             config.trace.root.setwriter(None)
             undo_tracing()
 
@@ -91,8 +117,9 @@ def pytest_cmdline_parse():
 def pytest_cmdline_main(config):
     if config.option.version:
         p = py.path.local(pytest.__file__)
-        sys.stderr.write("This is pytest version %s, imported from %s\n" %
-                         (pytest.__version__, p))
+        sys.stderr.write(
+            "This is pytest version %s, imported from %s\n" % (pytest.__version__, p)
+        )
         plugininfo = getpluginversioninfo(config)
         if plugininfo:
             for line in plugininfo:
@@ -106,13 +133,14 @@ def pytest_cmdline_main(config):
 
 
 def showhelp(config):
-    reporter = config.pluginmanager.get_plugin('terminalreporter')
+    reporter = config.pluginmanager.get_plugin("terminalreporter")
     tw = reporter._tw
     tw.write(config._parser.optparser.format_help())
     tw.line()
     tw.line()
-    tw.line("[pytest] ini-options in the first "
-            "pytest.ini|tox.ini|setup.cfg file found:")
+    tw.line(
+        "[pytest] ini-options in the first " "pytest.ini|tox.ini|setup.cfg file found:"
+    )
     tw.line()
 
     for name in config._parser._ininames:
@@ -128,7 +156,7 @@ def showhelp(config):
     vars = [
         ("PYTEST_ADDOPTS", "extra command line options"),
         ("PYTEST_PLUGINS", "comma-separated plugins to load during startup"),
-        ("PYTEST_DEBUG", "set to enable debug tracing of pytest's internals")
+        ("PYTEST_DEBUG", "set to enable debug tracing of pytest's internals"),
     ]
     for name, help in vars:
         tw.line("  %-24s %s" % (name, help))
@@ -137,18 +165,18 @@ def showhelp(config):
 
     tw.line("to see available markers type: pytest --markers")
     tw.line("to see available fixtures type: pytest --fixtures")
-    tw.line("(shown according to specified file_or_dir or current dir "
-            "if not specified; fixtures with leading '_' are only shown "
-            "with the '-v' option")
+    tw.line(
+        "(shown according to specified file_or_dir or current dir "
+        "if not specified; fixtures with leading '_' are only shown "
+        "with the '-v' option"
+    )
 
-    for warningreport in reporter.stats.get('warnings', []):
+    for warningreport in reporter.stats.get("warnings", []):
         tw.line("warning : " + warningreport.message, red=True)
     return
 
 
-conftest_options = [
-    ('pytest_plugins', 'list of plugin names to load'),
-]
+conftest_options = [("pytest_plugins", "list of plugin names to load")]
 
 
 def getpluginversioninfo(config):
@@ -157,7 +185,7 @@ def getpluginversioninfo(config):
     if plugininfo:
         lines.append("setuptools registered plugins:")
         for plugin, dist in plugininfo:
-            loc = getattr(plugin, '__file__', repr(plugin))
+            loc = getattr(plugin, "__file__", repr(plugin))
             content = "%s-%s at %s" % (dist.project_name, dist.version, loc)
             lines.append("  " + content)
     return lines
@@ -166,8 +194,7 @@ def getpluginversioninfo(config):
 def pytest_report_header(config):
     lines = []
     if config.option.debug or config.option.traceconfig:
-        lines.append("using: pytest-%s pylib-%s" %
-                     (pytest.__version__, py.__version__))
+        lines.append("using: pytest-%s pylib-%s" % (pytest.__version__, py.__version__))
 
         verinfo = getpluginversioninfo(config)
         if verinfo:
@@ -177,7 +204,7 @@ def pytest_report_header(config):
         lines.append("active plugins:")
         items = config.pluginmanager.list_name_plugin()
         for name, plugin in items:
-            if hasattr(plugin, '__file__'):
+            if hasattr(plugin, "__file__"):
                 r = plugin.__file__
             else:
                 r = repr(plugin)

_pytest/hookspec.py

@@ -98,6 +98,7 @@ def pytest_configure(config):
     :arg _pytest.config.Config config: pytest config object
     """
 
+
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Bootstrapping hooks called for plugins registered early enough:
 # internal and 3rd party plugins.
@@ -163,6 +164,7 @@ def pytest_load_initial_conftests(early_config, parser, args):
 # collection hooks
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+
 @hookspec(firstresult=True)
 def pytest_collection(session):
     """Perform the collection protocol for the given session.
@@ -220,6 +222,7 @@ def pytest_collect_file(path, parent):
     :param str path: the path to collect
     """
 
+
 # logging hooks for collection
 
 
@@ -245,6 +248,7 @@ def pytest_make_collect_report(collector):
 
     Stops at first non-None result, see :ref:`firstresult` """
 
+
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Python test function related hooks
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -291,6 +295,7 @@ def pytest_make_parametrize_id(config, val, argname):
     :param str argname: the automatic parameter name produced by pytest
     """
 
+
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # generic runtest related hooks
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -382,6 +387,7 @@ def pytest_runtest_logreport(report):
     """ process a test setup/call/teardown report relating to
     the respective phase of executing a test. """
 
+
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Fixture related hooks
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -407,6 +413,7 @@ def pytest_fixture_post_finalizer(fixturedef, request):
     the fixture result cache ``fixturedef.cached_result`` can
     still be accessed."""
 
+
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # test session related hooks
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -439,6 +446,7 @@ def pytest_unconfigure(config):
 # hooks for customizing the assert methods
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+
 def pytest_assertrepr_compare(config, op, left, right):
     """return explanation for comparisons in failing assert expressions.
 
@@ -450,6 +458,7 @@ def pytest_assertrepr_compare(config, op, left, right):
     :param _pytest.config.Config config: pytest config object
     """
 
+
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # hooks for influencing reporting (invoked from _pytest_terminal)
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -511,6 +520,7 @@ def pytest_logwarning(message, code, nodeid, fslocation):
         This hook is incompatible with ``hookwrapper=True``.
     """
 
+
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # doctest hooks
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -522,6 +532,7 @@ def pytest_doctest_prepare_content(content):
 
     Stops at first non-None result, see :ref:`firstresult` """
 
+
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # error handling and internal debugging hooks
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------------

_pytest/junitxml.py

@@ -39,15 +39,14 @@ class Junit(py.xml.Namespace):
 # chars is: Char ::= #x9 | #xA | #xD | [#x20-#xD7FF] | [#xE000-#xFFFD]
 #                    | [#x10000-#x10FFFF]
 _legal_chars = (0x09, 0x0A, 0x0d)
-_legal_ranges = (
-    (0x20, 0x7E), (0x80, 0xD7FF), (0xE000, 0xFFFD), (0x10000, 0x10FFFF),
-)
+_legal_ranges = ((0x20, 0x7E), (0x80, 0xD7FF), (0xE000, 0xFFFD), (0x10000, 0x10FFFF))
 _legal_xml_re = [
     unicode("%s-%s") % (unichr(low), unichr(high))
-    for (low, high) in _legal_ranges if low < sys.maxunicode
+    for (low, high) in _legal_ranges
+    if low < sys.maxunicode
 ]
 _legal_xml_re = [unichr(x) for x in _legal_chars] + _legal_xml_re
-illegal_xml_re = re.compile(unicode('[^%s]') % unicode('').join(_legal_xml_re))
+illegal_xml_re = re.compile(unicode("[^%s]") % unicode("").join(_legal_xml_re))
 del _legal_chars
 del _legal_ranges
 del _legal_xml_re
@@ -56,17 +55,19 @@ _py_ext_re = re.compile(r"\.py$")
 
 
 def bin_xml_escape(arg):
+
     def repl(matchobj):
         i = ord(matchobj.group())
         if i <= 0xFF:
-            return unicode('#x%02X') % i
+            return unicode("#x%02X") % i
         else:
-            return unicode('#x%04X') % i
+            return unicode("#x%04X") % i
 
     return py.xml.raw(illegal_xml_re.sub(repl, py.xml.escape(arg)))
 
 
 class _NodeReporter(object):
+
     def __init__(self, nodeid, xml):
 
         self.id = nodeid
@@ -92,11 +93,13 @@ class _NodeReporter(object):
         """Return a Junit node containing custom properties, if any.
         """
         if self.properties:
-            return Junit.properties([
-                Junit.property(name=name, value=value)
-                for name, value in self.properties
-            ])
-        return ''
+            return Junit.properties(
+                [
+                    Junit.property(name=name, value=value)
+                    for name, value in self.properties
+                ]
+            )
+        return ""
 
     def record_testreport(self, testreport):
         assert not self.testcase
@@ -135,53 +138,57 @@ class _NodeReporter(object):
         content_err = report.capstderr
 
         if content_log or content_out:
-            if content_log and self.xml.logging == 'system-out':
+            if content_log and self.xml.logging == "system-out":
                 if content_out:
                     # syncing stdout and the log-output is not done yet. It's
                     # probably not worth the effort. Therefore, first the captured
                     # stdout is shown and then the captured logs.
-                    content = '\n'.join([
-                        ' Captured Stdout '.center(80, '-'),
-                        content_out,
-                        '',
-                        ' Captured Log '.center(80, '-'),
-                        content_log])
+                    content = "\n".join(
+                        [
+                            " Captured Stdout ".center(80, "-"),
+                            content_out,
+                            "",
+                            " Captured Log ".center(80, "-"),
+                            content_log,
+                        ]
+                    )
                 else:
                     content = content_log
             else:
                 content = content_out
 
             if content:
-                tag = getattr(Junit, 'system-out')
+                tag = getattr(Junit, "system-out")
                 self.append(tag(bin_xml_escape(content)))
 
         if content_log or content_err:
-            if content_log and self.xml.logging == 'system-err':
+            if content_log and self.xml.logging == "system-err":
                 if content_err:
-                    content = '\n'.join([
-                        ' Captured Stderr '.center(80, '-'),
-                        content_err,
-                        '',
-                        ' Captured Log '.center(80, '-'),
-                        content_log])
+                    content = "\n".join(
+                        [
+                            " Captured Stderr ".center(80, "-"),
+                            content_err,
+                            "",
+                            " Captured Log ".center(80, "-"),
+                            content_log,
+                        ]
+                    )
                 else:
                     content = content_log
             else:
                 content = content_err
 
             if content:
-                tag = getattr(Junit, 'system-err')
+                tag = getattr(Junit, "system-err")
                 self.append(tag(bin_xml_escape(content)))
 
     def append_pass(self, report):
-        self.add_stats('passed')
+        self.add_stats("passed")
 
     def append_failure(self, report):
         # msg = str(report.longrepr.reprtraceback.extraline)
         if hasattr(report, "wasxfail"):
-            self._add_simple(
-                Junit.skipped,
-                "xfail-marked test passes unexpectedly")
+            self._add_simple(Junit.skipped, "xfail-marked test passes unexpectedly")
         else:
             if hasattr(report.longrepr, "reprcrash"):
                 message = report.longrepr.reprcrash.message
@@ -196,34 +203,34 @@ class _NodeReporter(object):
 
     def append_collect_error(self, report):
         # msg = str(report.longrepr.reprtraceback.extraline)
-        self.append(Junit.error(bin_xml_escape(report.longrepr),
-                                message="collection failure"))
+        self.append(
+            Junit.error(bin_xml_escape(report.longrepr), message="collection failure")
+        )
 
     def append_collect_skipped(self, report):
-        self._add_simple(
-            Junit.skipped, "collection skipped", report.longrepr)
+        self._add_simple(Junit.skipped, "collection skipped", report.longrepr)
 
     def append_error(self, report):
-        if getattr(report, 'when', None) == 'teardown':
+        if getattr(report, "when", None) == "teardown":
             msg = "test teardown failure"
         else:
             msg = "test setup failure"
-        self._add_simple(
-            Junit.error, msg, report.longrepr)
+        self._add_simple(Junit.error, msg, report.longrepr)
 
     def append_skipped(self, report):
         if hasattr(report, "wasxfail"):
-            self._add_simple(
-                Junit.skipped, "expected test failure", report.wasxfail
-            )
+            self._add_simple(Junit.skipped, "expected test failure", report.wasxfail)
         else:
             filename, lineno, skipreason = report.longrepr
             if skipreason.startswith("Skipped: "):
                 skipreason = bin_xml_escape(skipreason[9:])
             self.append(
-                Junit.skipped("%s:%s: %s" % (filename, lineno, skipreason),
-                              type="pytest.skip",
-                              message=skipreason))
+                Junit.skipped(
+                    "%s:%s: %s" % (filename, lineno, skipreason),
+                    type="pytest.skip",
+                    message=skipreason,
+                )
+            )
             self.write_captured_output(report)
 
     def finalize(self):
@@ -245,8 +252,10 @@ def record_property(request):
         def test_function(record_property):
             record_property("example_key", 1)
     """
+
     def append_property(name, value):
         request.node.user_properties.append((name, value))
+
     return append_property
 
 
@@ -255,11 +264,8 @@ def record_xml_property(record_property):
     """(Deprecated) use record_property."""
     import warnings
     from _pytest import deprecated
-    warnings.warn(
-        deprecated.RECORD_XML_PROPERTY,
-        DeprecationWarning,
-        stacklevel=2
-    )
+
+    warnings.warn(deprecated.RECORD_XML_PROPERTY, DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
 
     return record_property
 
@@ -271,14 +277,14 @@ def record_xml_attribute(request):
     automatically xml-encoded
     """
     request.node.warn(
-        code='C3',
-        message='record_xml_attribute is an experimental feature',
+        code="C3", message="record_xml_attribute is an experimental feature"
     )
     xml = getattr(request.config, "_xml", None)
     if xml is not None:
         node_reporter = xml.node_reporter(request.node.nodeid)
         return node_reporter.add_attribute
     else:
+
         def add_attr_noop(name, value):
             pass
 
@@ -288,51 +294,63 @@ def record_xml_attribute(request):
 def pytest_addoption(parser):
     group = parser.getgroup("terminal reporting")
     group.addoption(
-        '--junitxml', '--junit-xml',
+        "--junitxml",
+        "--junit-xml",
         action="store",
         dest="xmlpath",
         metavar="path",
         type=functools.partial(filename_arg, optname="--junitxml"),
         default=None,
-        help="create junit-xml style report file at given path.")
+        help="create junit-xml style report file at given path.",
+    )
     group.addoption(
-        '--junitprefix', '--junit-prefix',
+        "--junitprefix",
+        "--junit-prefix",
         action="store",
         metavar="str",
         default=None,
-        help="prepend prefix to classnames in junit-xml output")
-    parser.addini("junit_suite_name", "Test suite name for JUnit report", default="pytest")
-    parser.addini("junit_logging", "Write captured log messages to JUnit report: "
-                  "one of no|system-out|system-err",
-                  default="no")  # choices=['no', 'stdout', 'stderr'])
+        help="prepend prefix to classnames in junit-xml output",
+    )
+    parser.addini(
+        "junit_suite_name", "Test suite name for JUnit report", default="pytest"
+    )
+    parser.addini(
+        "junit_logging",
+        "Write captured log messages to JUnit report: "
+        "one of no|system-out|system-err",
+        default="no",
+    )  # choices=['no', 'stdout', 'stderr'])
 
 
 def pytest_configure(config):
     xmlpath = config.option.xmlpath
     # prevent opening xmllog on slave nodes (xdist)
-    if xmlpath and not hasattr(config, 'slaveinput'):
-        config._xml = LogXML(xmlpath, config.option.junitprefix,
-                             config.getini("junit_suite_name"),
-                             config.getini("junit_logging"))
+    if xmlpath and not hasattr(config, "slaveinput"):
+        config._xml = LogXML(
+            xmlpath,
+            config.option.junitprefix,
+            config.getini("junit_suite_name"),
+            config.getini("junit_logging"),
+        )
         config.pluginmanager.register(config._xml)
 
 
 def pytest_unconfigure(config):
-    xml = getattr(config, '_xml', None)
+    xml = getattr(config, "_xml", None)
     if xml:
         del config._xml
         config.pluginmanager.unregister(xml)
 
 
 def mangle_test_address(address):
-    path, possible_open_bracket, params = address.partition('[')
+    path, possible_open_bracket, params = address.partition("[")
     names = path.split("::")
     try:
-        names.remove('()')
+        names.remove("()")
     except ValueError:
         pass
     # convert file path to dotted path
-    names[0] = names[0].replace(nodes.SEP, '.')
+    names[0] = names[0].replace(nodes.SEP, ".")
     names[0] = _py_ext_re.sub("", names[0])
     # put any params back
     names[-1] += possible_open_bracket + params
@@ -340,18 +358,14 @@ def mangle_test_address(address):
 
 
 class LogXML(object):
+
     def __init__(self, logfile, prefix, suite_name="pytest", logging="no"):
         logfile = os.path.expanduser(os.path.expandvars(logfile))
         self.logfile = os.path.normpath(os.path.abspath(logfile))
         self.prefix = prefix
         self.suite_name = suite_name
         self.logging = logging
-        self.stats = dict.fromkeys([
-            'error',
-            'passed',
-            'failure',
-            'skipped',
-        ], 0)
+        self.stats = dict.fromkeys(["error", "passed", "failure", "skipped"], 0)
         self.node_reporters = {}  # nodeid -> _NodeReporter
         self.node_reporters_ordered = []
         self.global_properties = []
@@ -360,17 +374,17 @@ class LogXML(object):
         self.cnt_double_fail_tests = 0
 
     def finalize(self, report):
-        nodeid = getattr(report, 'nodeid', report)
+        nodeid = getattr(report, "nodeid", report)
         # local hack to handle xdist report order
-        slavenode = getattr(report, 'node', None)
+        slavenode = getattr(report, "node", None)
         reporter = self.node_reporters.pop((nodeid, slavenode))
         if reporter is not None:
             reporter.finalize()
 
     def node_reporter(self, report):
-        nodeid = getattr(report, 'nodeid', report)
+        nodeid = getattr(report, "nodeid", report)
         # local hack to handle xdist report order
-        slavenode = getattr(report, 'node', None)
+        slavenode = getattr(report, "node", None)
 
         key = nodeid, slavenode
 
@@ -428,12 +442,17 @@ class LogXML(object):
                 report_wid = getattr(report, "worker_id", None)
                 report_ii = getattr(report, "item_index", None)
                 close_report = next(
-                    (rep for rep in self.open_reports
-                     if (rep.nodeid == report.nodeid and
-                         getattr(rep, "item_index", None) == report_ii and
-                         getattr(rep, "worker_id", None) == report_wid
-                         )
-                     ), None)
+                    (
+                        rep
+                        for rep in self.open_reports
+                        if (
+                            rep.nodeid == report.nodeid
+                            and getattr(rep, "item_index", None) == report_ii
+                            and getattr(rep, "worker_id", None) == report_wid
+                        )
+                    ),
+                    None,
+                )
                 if close_report:
                     # We need to open new testcase in case we have failure in
                     # call and error in teardown in order to follow junit
@@ -461,12 +480,17 @@ class LogXML(object):
             report_wid = getattr(report, "worker_id", None)
             report_ii = getattr(report, "item_index", None)
             close_report = next(
-                (rep for rep in self.open_reports
-                 if (rep.nodeid == report.nodeid and
-                     getattr(rep, "item_index", None) == report_ii and
-                     getattr(rep, "worker_id", None) == report_wid
-                     )
-                 ), None)
+                (
+                    rep
+                    for rep in self.open_reports
+                    if (
+                        rep.nodeid == report.nodeid
+                        and getattr(rep, "item_index", None) == report_ii
+                        and getattr(rep, "worker_id", None) == report_wid
+                    )
+                ),
+                None,
+            )
             if close_report:
                 self.open_reports.remove(close_report)
 
@@ -475,7 +499,7 @@ class LogXML(object):
         the Junit.testcase with the new total if already created.
         """
         reporter = self.node_reporter(report)
-        reporter.duration += getattr(report, 'duration', 0.0)
+        reporter.duration += getattr(report, "duration", 0.0)
 
     def pytest_collectreport(self, report):
         if not report.passed:
@@ -486,9 +510,9 @@ class LogXML(object):
                 reporter.append_collect_skipped(report)
 
     def pytest_internalerror(self, excrepr):
-        reporter = self.node_reporter('internal')
-        reporter.attrs.update(classname="pytest", name='internal')
-        reporter._add_simple(Junit.error, 'internal error', excrepr)
+        reporter = self.node_reporter("internal")
+        reporter.attrs.update(classname="pytest", name="internal")
+        reporter._add_simple(Junit.error, "internal error", excrepr)
 
     def pytest_sessionstart(self):
         self.suite_start_time = time.time()
@@ -497,29 +521,37 @@ class LogXML(object):
         dirname = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(self.logfile))
         if not os.path.isdir(dirname):
             os.makedirs(dirname)
-        logfile = open(self.logfile, 'w', encoding='utf-8')
+        logfile = open(self.logfile, "w", encoding="utf-8")
         suite_stop_time = time.time()
         suite_time_delta = suite_stop_time - self.suite_start_time
 
-        numtests = (self.stats['passed'] + self.stats['failure'] +
-                    self.stats['skipped'] + self.stats['error'] -
-                    self.cnt_double_fail_tests)
+        numtests = (
+            self.stats["passed"]
+            + self.stats["failure"]
+            + self.stats["skipped"]
+            + self.stats["error"]
+            - self.cnt_double_fail_tests
+        )
         logfile.write('<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>')
 
-        logfile.write(Junit.testsuite(
-            self._get_global_properties_node(),
-            [x.to_xml() for x in self.node_reporters_ordered],
-            name=self.suite_name,
-            errors=self.stats['error'],
-            failures=self.stats['failure'],
-            skips=self.stats['skipped'],
-            tests=numtests,
-            time="%.3f" % suite_time_delta, ).unicode(indent=0))
+        logfile.write(
+            Junit.testsuite(
+                self._get_global_properties_node(),
+                [x.to_xml() for x in self.node_reporters_ordered],
+                name=self.suite_name,
+                errors=self.stats["error"],
+                failures=self.stats["failure"],
+                skips=self.stats["skipped"],
+                tests=numtests,
+                time="%.3f" % suite_time_delta,
+            ).unicode(
+                indent=0
+            )
+        )
         logfile.close()
 
     def pytest_terminal_summary(self, terminalreporter):
-        terminalreporter.write_sep("-",
-                                   "generated xml file: %s" % (self.logfile))
+        terminalreporter.write_sep("-", "generated xml file: %s" % (self.logfile))
 
     def add_global_property(self, name, value):
         self.global_properties.append((str(name), bin_xml_escape(value)))
@@ -534,4 +566,4 @@ class LogXML(object):
                     for name, value in self.global_properties
                 ]
             )
-        return ''
+        return ""

_pytest/logging.py

@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ import pytest
 import py
 
 
-DEFAULT_LOG_FORMAT = '%(filename)-25s %(lineno)4d %(levelname)-8s %(message)s'
-DEFAULT_LOG_DATE_FORMAT = '%H:%M:%S'
+DEFAULT_LOG_FORMAT = "%(filename)-25s %(lineno)4d %(levelname)-8s %(message)s"
+DEFAULT_LOG_DATE_FORMAT = "%H:%M:%S"
 
 
 class ColoredLevelFormatter(logging.Formatter):
@@ -21,19 +21,18 @@ class ColoredLevelFormatter(logging.Formatter):
     """
 
     LOGLEVEL_COLOROPTS = {
-        logging.CRITICAL: {'red'},
-        logging.ERROR: {'red', 'bold'},
-        logging.WARNING: {'yellow'},
-        logging.WARN: {'yellow'},
-        logging.INFO: {'green'},
-        logging.DEBUG: {'purple'},
+        logging.CRITICAL: {"red"},
+        logging.ERROR: {"red", "bold"},
+        logging.WARNING: {"yellow"},
+        logging.WARN: {"yellow"},
+        logging.INFO: {"green"},
+        logging.DEBUG: {"purple"},
         logging.NOTSET: set(),
     }
-    LEVELNAME_FMT_REGEX = re.compile(r'%\(levelname\)([+-]?\d*s)')
+    LEVELNAME_FMT_REGEX = re.compile(r"%\(levelname\)([+-]?\d*s)")
 
     def __init__(self, terminalwriter, *args, **kwargs):
-        super(ColoredLevelFormatter, self).__init__(
-            *args, **kwargs)
+        super(ColoredLevelFormatter, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
         if six.PY2:
             self._original_fmt = self._fmt
         else:
@@ -47,19 +46,20 @@ class ColoredLevelFormatter(logging.Formatter):
 
         for level, color_opts in self.LOGLEVEL_COLOROPTS.items():
             formatted_levelname = levelname_fmt % {
-                'levelname': logging.getLevelName(level)}
+                "levelname": logging.getLevelName(level)
+            }
 
             # add ANSI escape sequences around the formatted levelname
             color_kwargs = {name: True for name in color_opts}
             colorized_formatted_levelname = terminalwriter.markup(
-                formatted_levelname, **color_kwargs)
+                formatted_levelname, **color_kwargs
+            )
             self._level_to_fmt_mapping[level] = self.LEVELNAME_FMT_REGEX.sub(
-                colorized_formatted_levelname,
-                self._fmt)
+                colorized_formatted_levelname, self._fmt
+            )
 
     def format(self, record):
-        fmt = self._level_to_fmt_mapping.get(
-            record.levelno, self._original_fmt)
+        fmt = self._level_to_fmt_mapping.get(record.levelno, self._original_fmt)
         if six.PY2:
             self._fmt = fmt
         else:
@@ -78,61 +78,86 @@ def get_option_ini(config, *names):
 
 def pytest_addoption(parser):
     """Add options to control log capturing."""
-    group = parser.getgroup('logging')
+    group = parser.getgroup("logging")
 
     def add_option_ini(option, dest, default=None, type=None, **kwargs):
-        parser.addini(dest, default=default, type=type,
-                      help='default value for ' + option)
+        parser.addini(
+            dest, default=default, type=type, help="default value for " + option
+        )
         group.addoption(option, dest=dest, **kwargs)
 
     add_option_ini(
-        '--no-print-logs',
-        dest='log_print', action='store_const', const=False, default=True,
-        type='bool',
-        help='disable printing caught logs on failed tests.')
+        "--no-print-logs",
+        dest="log_print",
+        action="store_const",
+        const=False,
+        default=True,
+        type="bool",
+        help="disable printing caught logs on failed tests.",
+    )
     add_option_ini(
-        '--log-level',
-        dest='log_level', default=None,
-        help='logging level used by the logging module')
+        "--log-level",
+        dest="log_level",
+        default=None,
+        help="logging level used by the logging module",
+    )
     add_option_ini(
-        '--log-format',
-        dest='log_format', default=DEFAULT_LOG_FORMAT,
-        help='log format as used by the logging module.')
+        "--log-format",
+        dest="log_format",
+        default=DEFAULT_LOG_FORMAT,
+        help="log format as used by the logging module.",
+    )
     add_option_ini(
-        '--log-date-format',
-        dest='log_date_format', default=DEFAULT_LOG_DATE_FORMAT,
-        help='log date format as used by the logging module.')
+        "--log-date-format",
+        dest="log_date_format",
+        default=DEFAULT_LOG_DATE_FORMAT,
+        help="log date format as used by the logging module.",
+    )
     parser.addini(
-        'log_cli', default=False, type='bool',
-        help='enable log display during test run (also known as "live logging").')
+        "log_cli",
+        default=False,
+        type="bool",
+        help='enable log display during test run (also known as "live logging").',
+    )
     add_option_ini(
-        '--log-cli-level',
-        dest='log_cli_level', default=None,
-        help='cli logging level.')
+        "--log-cli-level", dest="log_cli_level", default=None, help="cli logging level."
+    )
     add_option_ini(
-        '--log-cli-format',
-        dest='log_cli_format', default=None,
-        help='log format as used by the logging module.')
+        "--log-cli-format",
+        dest="log_cli_format",
+        default=None,
+        help="log format as used by the logging module.",
+    )
     add_option_ini(
-        '--log-cli-date-format',
-        dest='log_cli_date_format', default=None,
-        help='log date format as used by the logging module.')
+        "--log-cli-date-format",
+        dest="log_cli_date_format",
+        default=None,
+        help="log date format as used by the logging module.",
+    )
     add_option_ini(
-        '--log-file',
-        dest='log_file', default=None,
-        help='path to a file when logging will be written to.')
+        "--log-file",
+        dest="log_file",
+        default=None,
+        help="path to a file when logging will be written to.",
+    )
     add_option_ini(
-        '--log-file-level',
-        dest='log_file_level', default=None,
-        help='log file logging level.')
+        "--log-file-level",
+        dest="log_file_level",
+        default=None,
+        help="log file logging level.",
+    )
     add_option_ini(
-        '--log-file-format',
-        dest='log_file_format', default=DEFAULT_LOG_FORMAT,
-        help='log format as used by the logging module.')
+        "--log-file-format",
+        dest="log_file_format",
+        default=DEFAULT_LOG_FORMAT,
+        help="log format as used by the logging module.",
+    )
     add_option_ini(
-        '--log-file-date-format',
-        dest='log_file_date_format', default=DEFAULT_LOG_DATE_FORMAT,
-        help='log date format as used by the logging module.')
+        "--log-file-date-format",
+        dest="log_file_date_format",
+        default=DEFAULT_LOG_DATE_FORMAT,
+        help="log date format as used by the logging module.",
+    )
 
 
 @contextmanager
@@ -318,15 +343,14 @@ def get_actual_log_level(config, *setting_names):
     except ValueError:
         # Python logging does not recognise this as a logging level
         raise pytest.UsageError(
-            "'{0}' is not recognized as a logging level name for "
-            "'{1}'. Please consider passing the "
-            "logging level num instead.".format(
-                log_level,
-                setting_name))
+            "'{}' is not recognized as a logging level name for "
+            "'{}'. Please consider passing the "
+            "logging level num instead.".format(log_level, setting_name)
+        )
 
 
 def pytest_configure(config):
-    config.pluginmanager.register(LoggingPlugin(config), 'logging-plugin')
+    config.pluginmanager.register(LoggingPlugin(config), "logging-plugin")
 
 
 @contextmanager
@@ -347,25 +371,31 @@ class LoggingPlugin(object):
         self._config = config
 
         # enable verbose output automatically if live logging is enabled
-        if self._log_cli_enabled() and not config.getoption('verbose'):
+        if self._log_cli_enabled() and not config.getoption("verbose"):
             # sanity check: terminal reporter should not have been loaded at this point
-            assert self._config.pluginmanager.get_plugin('terminalreporter') is None
+            assert self._config.pluginmanager.get_plugin("terminalreporter") is None
             config.option.verbose = 1
 
-        self.print_logs = get_option_ini(config, 'log_print')
-        self.formatter = logging.Formatter(get_option_ini(config, 'log_format'),
-                                           get_option_ini(config, 'log_date_format'))
-        self.log_level = get_actual_log_level(config, 'log_level')
+        self.print_logs = get_option_ini(config, "log_print")
+        self.formatter = logging.Formatter(
+            get_option_ini(config, "log_format"),
+            get_option_ini(config, "log_date_format"),
+        )
+        self.log_level = get_actual_log_level(config, "log_level")
 
-        log_file = get_option_ini(config, 'log_file')
+        log_file = get_option_ini(config, "log_file")
         if log_file:
-            self.log_file_level = get_actual_log_level(config, 'log_file_level')
+            self.log_file_level = get_actual_log_level(config, "log_file_level")
 
-            log_file_format = get_option_ini(config, 'log_file_format', 'log_format')
-            log_file_date_format = get_option_ini(config, 'log_file_date_format', 'log_date_format')
+            log_file_format = get_option_ini(config, "log_file_format", "log_format")
+            log_file_date_format = get_option_ini(
+                config, "log_file_date_format", "log_date_format"
+            )
             # Each pytest runtests session will write to a clean logfile
-            self.log_file_handler = logging.FileHandler(log_file, mode='w')
-            log_file_formatter = logging.Formatter(log_file_format, datefmt=log_file_date_format)
+            self.log_file_handler = logging.FileHandler(log_file, mode="w")
+            log_file_formatter = logging.Formatter(
+                log_file_format, datefmt=log_file_date_format
+            )
             self.log_file_handler.setFormatter(log_file_formatter)
         else:
             self.log_file_handler = None
@@ -377,14 +407,18 @@ class LoggingPlugin(object):
         """Return True if log_cli should be considered enabled, either explicitly
         or because --log-cli-level was given in the command-line.
         """
-        return self._config.getoption('--log-cli-level') is not None or \
-            self._config.getini('log_cli')
+        return self._config.getoption(
+            "--log-cli-level"
+        ) is not None or self._config.getini(
+            "log_cli"
+        )
 
     @contextmanager
     def _runtest_for(self, item, when):
         """Implements the internals of pytest_runtest_xxx() hook."""
-        with catching_logs(LogCaptureHandler(),
-                           formatter=self.formatter, level=self.log_level) as log_handler:
+        with catching_logs(
+            LogCaptureHandler(), formatter=self.formatter, level=self.log_level
+        ) as log_handler:
             if self.log_cli_handler:
                 self.log_cli_handler.set_when(when)
 
@@ -392,7 +426,7 @@ class LoggingPlugin(object):
                 yield  # run the test
                 return
 
-            if not hasattr(item, 'catch_log_handlers'):
+            if not hasattr(item, "catch_log_handlers"):
                 item.catch_log_handlers = {}
             item.catch_log_handlers[when] = log_handler
             item.catch_log_handler = log_handler
@@ -400,39 +434,39 @@ class LoggingPlugin(object):
                 yield  # run test
             finally:
                 del item.catch_log_handler
-                if when == 'teardown':
+                if when == "teardown":
                     del item.catch_log_handlers
 
             if self.print_logs:
                 # Add a captured log section to the report.
                 log = log_handler.stream.getvalue().strip()
-                item.add_report_section(when, 'log', log)
+                item.add_report_section(when, "log", log)
 
     @pytest.hookimpl(hookwrapper=True)
     def pytest_runtest_setup(self, item):
-        with self._runtest_for(item, 'setup'):
+        with self._runtest_for(item, "setup"):
             yield
 
     @pytest.hookimpl(hookwrapper=True)
     def pytest_runtest_call(self, item):
-        with self._runtest_for(item, 'call'):
+        with self._runtest_for(item, "call"):
             yield
 
     @pytest.hookimpl(hookwrapper=True)
     def pytest_runtest_teardown(self, item):
-        with self._runtest_for(item, 'teardown'):
+        with self._runtest_for(item, "teardown"):
             yield
 
     @pytest.hookimpl(hookwrapper=True)
     def pytest_runtest_logstart(self):
         if self.log_cli_handler:
             self.log_cli_handler.reset()
-        with self._runtest_for(None, 'start'):
+        with self._runtest_for(None, "start"):
             yield
 
     @pytest.hookimpl(hookwrapper=True)
     def pytest_runtest_logfinish(self):
-        with self._runtest_for(None, 'finish'):
+        with self._runtest_for(None, "finish"):
             yield
 
     @pytest.hookimpl(hookwrapper=True)
@@ -442,8 +476,9 @@ class LoggingPlugin(object):
         with self.live_logs_context:
             if self.log_file_handler is not None:
                 with closing(self.log_file_handler):
-                    with catching_logs(self.log_file_handler,
-                                       level=self.log_file_level):
+                    with catching_logs(
+                        self.log_file_handler, level=self.log_file_level
+                    ):
                         yield  # run all the tests
             else:
                 yield  # run all the tests
@@ -453,20 +488,38 @@ class LoggingPlugin(object):
 
         This must be done right before starting the loop so we can access the terminal reporter plugin.
         """
-        terminal_reporter = self._config.pluginmanager.get_plugin('terminalreporter')
+        terminal_reporter = self._config.pluginmanager.get_plugin("terminalreporter")
         if self._log_cli_enabled() and terminal_reporter is not None:
-            capture_manager = self._config.pluginmanager.get_plugin('capturemanager')
-            log_cli_handler = _LiveLoggingStreamHandler(terminal_reporter, capture_manager)
-            log_cli_format = get_option_ini(self._config, 'log_cli_format', 'log_format')
-            log_cli_date_format = get_option_ini(self._config, 'log_cli_date_format', 'log_date_format')
-            if self._config.option.color != 'no' and ColoredLevelFormatter.LEVELNAME_FMT_REGEX.search(log_cli_format):
-                log_cli_formatter = ColoredLevelFormatter(create_terminal_writer(self._config),
-                                                          log_cli_format, datefmt=log_cli_date_format)
+            capture_manager = self._config.pluginmanager.get_plugin("capturemanager")
+            log_cli_handler = _LiveLoggingStreamHandler(
+                terminal_reporter, capture_manager
+            )
+            log_cli_format = get_option_ini(
+                self._config, "log_cli_format", "log_format"
+            )
+            log_cli_date_format = get_option_ini(
+                self._config, "log_cli_date_format", "log_date_format"
+            )
+            if (
+                self._config.option.color != "no"
+                and ColoredLevelFormatter.LEVELNAME_FMT_REGEX.search(log_cli_format)
+            ):
+                log_cli_formatter = ColoredLevelFormatter(
+                    create_terminal_writer(self._config),
+                    log_cli_format,
+                    datefmt=log_cli_date_format,
+                )
             else:
-                log_cli_formatter = logging.Formatter(log_cli_format, datefmt=log_cli_date_format)
-            log_cli_level = get_actual_log_level(self._config, 'log_cli_level', 'log_level')
+                log_cli_formatter = logging.Formatter(
+                    log_cli_format, datefmt=log_cli_date_format
+                )
+            log_cli_level = get_actual_log_level(
+                self._config, "log_cli_level", "log_level"
+            )
             self.log_cli_handler = log_cli_handler
-            self.live_logs_context = catching_logs(log_cli_handler, formatter=log_cli_formatter, level=log_cli_level)
+            self.live_logs_context = catching_logs(
+                log_cli_handler, formatter=log_cli_formatter, level=log_cli_level
+            )
         else:
             self.live_logs_context = _dummy_context_manager()
 
@@ -499,7 +552,7 @@ class _LiveLoggingStreamHandler(logging.StreamHandler):
         """Prepares for the given test phase (setup/call/teardown)"""
         self._when = when
         self._section_name_shown = False
-        if when == 'start':
+        if when == "start":
             self._test_outcome_written = False
 
     def emit(self, record):
@@ -507,14 +560,14 @@ class _LiveLoggingStreamHandler(logging.StreamHandler):
             self.capture_manager.suspend_global_capture()
         try:
             if not self._first_record_emitted:
-                self.stream.write('\n')
+                self.stream.write("\n")
                 self._first_record_emitted = True
-            elif self._when in ('teardown', 'finish'):
+            elif self._when in ("teardown", "finish"):
                 if not self._test_outcome_written:
                     self._test_outcome_written = True
-                    self.stream.write('\n')
+                    self.stream.write("\n")
             if not self._section_name_shown and self._when:
-                self.stream.section('live log ' + self._when, sep='-', bold=True)
+                self.stream.section("live log " + self._when, sep="-", bold=True)
                 self._section_name_shown = True
             logging.StreamHandler.emit(self, record)
         finally:

_pytest/main.py

@@ -28,69 +28,140 @@ EXIT_NOTESTSCOLLECTED = 5
 
 
 def pytest_addoption(parser):
-    parser.addini("norecursedirs", "directory patterns to avoid for recursion",
-                  type="args", default=['.*', 'build', 'dist', 'CVS', '_darcs', '{arch}', '*.egg', 'venv'])
-    parser.addini("testpaths", "directories to search for tests when no files or directories are given in the "
-                               "command line.",
-                  type="args", default=[])
+    parser.addini(
+        "norecursedirs",
+        "directory patterns to avoid for recursion",
+        type="args",
+        default=[".*", "build", "dist", "CVS", "_darcs", "{arch}", "*.egg", "venv"],
+    )
+    parser.addini(
+        "testpaths",
+        "directories to search for tests when no files or directories are given in the "
+        "command line.",
+        type="args",
+        default=[],
+    )
     # parser.addini("dirpatterns",
     #    "patterns specifying possible locations of test files",
     #    type="linelist", default=["**/test_*.txt",
     #            "**/test_*.py", "**/*_test.py"]
     # )
     group = parser.getgroup("general", "running and selection options")
-    group._addoption('-x', '--exitfirst', action="store_const",
-                     dest="maxfail", const=1,
-                     help="exit instantly on first error or failed test."),
-    group._addoption('--maxfail', metavar="num",
-                     action="store", type=int, dest="maxfail", default=0,
-                     help="exit after first num failures or errors.")
-    group._addoption('--strict', action="store_true",
-                     help="marks not registered in configuration file raise errors.")
-    group._addoption("-c", metavar="file", type=str, dest="inifilename",
-                     help="load configuration from `file` instead of trying to locate one of the implicit "
-                          "configuration files.")
-    group._addoption("--continue-on-collection-errors", action="store_true",
-                     default=False, dest="continue_on_collection_errors",
-                     help="Force test execution even if collection errors occur.")
-    group._addoption("--rootdir", action="store",
-                     dest="rootdir",
-                     help="Define root directory for tests. Can be relative path: 'root_dir', './root_dir', "
-                          "'root_dir/another_dir/'; absolute path: '/home/user/root_dir'; path with variables: "
-                          "'$HOME/root_dir'.")
+    group._addoption(
+        "-x",
+        "--exitfirst",
+        action="store_const",
+        dest="maxfail",
+        const=1,
+        help="exit instantly on first error or failed test.",
+    ),
+    group._addoption(
+        "--maxfail",
+        metavar="num",
+        action="store",
+        type=int,
+        dest="maxfail",
+        default=0,
+        help="exit after first num failures or errors.",
+    )
+    group._addoption(
+        "--strict",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="marks not registered in configuration file raise errors.",
+    )
+    group._addoption(
+        "-c",
+        metavar="file",
+        type=str,
+        dest="inifilename",
+        help="load configuration from `file` instead of trying to locate one of the implicit "
+        "configuration files.",
+    )
+    group._addoption(
+        "--continue-on-collection-errors",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        dest="continue_on_collection_errors",
+        help="Force test execution even if collection errors occur.",
+    )
+    group._addoption(
+        "--rootdir",
+        action="store",
+        dest="rootdir",
+        help="Define root directory for tests. Can be relative path: 'root_dir', './root_dir', "
+        "'root_dir/another_dir/'; absolute path: '/home/user/root_dir'; path with variables: "
+        "'$HOME/root_dir'.",
+    )
 
     group = parser.getgroup("collect", "collection")
-    group.addoption('--collectonly', '--collect-only', action="store_true",
-                    help="only collect tests, don't execute them."),
-    group.addoption('--pyargs', action="store_true",
-                    help="try to interpret all arguments as python packages.")
-    group.addoption("--ignore", action="append", metavar="path",
-                    help="ignore path during collection (multi-allowed).")
-    group.addoption("--deselect", action="append", metavar="nodeid_prefix",
-                    help="deselect item during collection (multi-allowed).")
+    group.addoption(
+        "--collectonly",
+        "--collect-only",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="only collect tests, don't execute them.",
+    ),
+    group.addoption(
+        "--pyargs",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="try to interpret all arguments as python packages.",
+    )
+    group.addoption(
+        "--ignore",
+        action="append",
+        metavar="path",
+        help="ignore path during collection (multi-allowed).",
+    )
+    group.addoption(
+        "--deselect",
+        action="append",
+        metavar="nodeid_prefix",
+        help="deselect item during collection (multi-allowed).",
+    )
     # when changing this to --conf-cut-dir, config.py Conftest.setinitial
     # needs upgrading as well
-    group.addoption('--confcutdir', dest="confcutdir", default=None,
-                    metavar="dir", type=functools.partial(directory_arg, optname="--confcutdir"),
-                    help="only load conftest.py's relative to specified dir.")
-    group.addoption('--noconftest', action="store_true",
-                    dest="noconftest", default=False,
-                    help="Don't load any conftest.py files.")
-    group.addoption('--keepduplicates', '--keep-duplicates', action="store_true",
-                    dest="keepduplicates", default=False,
-                    help="Keep duplicate tests.")
-    group.addoption('--collect-in-virtualenv', action='store_true',
-                    dest='collect_in_virtualenv', default=False,
-                    help="Don't ignore tests in a local virtualenv directory")
+    group.addoption(
+        "--confcutdir",
+        dest="confcutdir",
+        default=None,
+        metavar="dir",
+        type=functools.partial(directory_arg, optname="--confcutdir"),
+        help="only load conftest.py's relative to specified dir.",
+    )
+    group.addoption(
+        "--noconftest",
+        action="store_true",
+        dest="noconftest",
+        default=False,
+        help="Don't load any conftest.py files.",
+    )
+    group.addoption(
+        "--keepduplicates",
+        "--keep-duplicates",
+        action="store_true",
+        dest="keepduplicates",
+        default=False,
+        help="Keep duplicate tests.",
+    )
+    group.addoption(
+        "--collect-in-virtualenv",
+        action="store_true",
+        dest="collect_in_virtualenv",
+        default=False,
+        help="Don't ignore tests in a local virtualenv directory",
+    )
 
-    group = parser.getgroup("debugconfig",
-                            "test session debugging and configuration")
-    group.addoption('--basetemp', dest="basetemp", default=None, metavar="dir",
-                    help="base temporary directory for this test run.")
+    group = parser.getgroup("debugconfig", "test session debugging and configuration")
+    group.addoption(
+        "--basetemp",
+        dest="basetemp",
+        default=None,
+        metavar="dir",
+        help="base temporary directory for this test run.",
+    )
 
 
 def pytest_configure(config):
-    __import__('pytest').config = config  # compatibility
+    __import__("pytest").config = config  # compatibility
 
 
 def wrap_session(config, doit):
@@ -112,8 +183,7 @@ def wrap_session(config, doit):
         except KeyboardInterrupt:
             excinfo = _pytest._code.ExceptionInfo()
             if initstate < 2 and isinstance(excinfo.value, exit.Exception):
-                sys.stderr.write('{0}: {1}\n'.format(
-                    excinfo.typename, excinfo.value.msg))
+                sys.stderr.write("{}: {}\n".format(excinfo.typename, excinfo.value.msg))
             config.hook.pytest_keyboard_interrupt(excinfo=excinfo)
             session.exitstatus = EXIT_INTERRUPTED
         except:  # noqa
@@ -128,8 +198,8 @@ def wrap_session(config, doit):
         session.startdir.chdir()
         if initstate >= 2:
             config.hook.pytest_sessionfinish(
-                session=session,
-                exitstatus=session.exitstatus)
+                session=session, exitstatus=session.exitstatus
+            )
         config._ensure_unconfigure()
     return session.exitstatus
 
@@ -155,10 +225,8 @@ def pytest_collection(session):
 
 
 def pytest_runtestloop(session):
-    if (session.testsfailed and
-            not session.config.option.continue_on_collection_errors):
-        raise session.Interrupted(
-            "%d errors during collection" % session.testsfailed)
+    if session.testsfailed and not session.config.option.continue_on_collection_errors:
+        raise session.Interrupted("%d errors during collection" % session.testsfailed)
 
     if session.config.option.collectonly:
         return True
@@ -176,11 +244,17 @@ def pytest_runtestloop(session):
 def _in_venv(path):
     """Attempts to detect if ``path`` is the root of a Virtual Environment by
     checking for the existence of the appropriate activate script"""
-    bindir = path.join('Scripts' if sys.platform.startswith('win') else 'bin')
+    bindir = path.join("Scripts" if sys.platform.startswith("win") else "bin")
     if not bindir.isdir():
         return False
-    activates = ('activate', 'activate.csh', 'activate.fish',
-                 'Activate', 'Activate.bat', 'Activate.ps1')
+    activates = (
+        "activate",
+        "activate.csh",
+        "activate.fish",
+        "Activate",
+        "Activate.bat",
+        "Activate.ps1",
+    )
     return any([fname.basename in activates for fname in bindir.listdir()])
 
 
@@ -241,6 +315,7 @@ def _patched_find_module():
     The only supported python<3.4 by pytest is python 2.7.
     """
     if six.PY2:  # python 3.4+ uses importlib instead
+
         def find_module_patched(self, fullname, path=None):
             # Note: we ignore 'path' argument since it is only used via meta_path
             subname = fullname.split(".")[-1]
@@ -252,8 +327,7 @@ def _patched_find_module():
                 # original: path = [os.path.realpath(self.path)]
                 path = [self.path]
             try:
-                file, filename, etc = pkgutil.imp.find_module(subname,
-                                                              path)
+                file, filename, etc = pkgutil.imp.find_module(subname, path)
             except ImportError:
                 return None
             return pkgutil.ImpLoader(fullname, file, filename, etc)
@@ -269,6 +343,7 @@ def _patched_find_module():
 
 
 class FSHookProxy(object):
+
     def __init__(self, fspath, pm, remove_mods):
         self.fspath = fspath
         self.pm = pm
@@ -286,7 +361,7 @@ class NoMatch(Exception):
 
 class Interrupted(KeyboardInterrupt):
     """ signals an interrupted test run. """
-    __module__ = 'builtins'  # for py3
+    __module__ = "builtins"  # for py3
 
 
 class Failed(Exception):
@@ -299,8 +374,8 @@ class Session(nodes.FSCollector):
 
     def __init__(self, config):
         nodes.FSCollector.__init__(
-            self, config.rootdir, parent=None,
-            config=config, session=self, nodeid="")
+            self, config.rootdir, parent=None, config=config, session=self, nodeid=""
+        )
         self.testsfailed = 0
         self.testscollected = 0
         self.shouldstop = False
@@ -320,12 +395,12 @@ class Session(nodes.FSCollector):
 
     @hookimpl(tryfirst=True)
     def pytest_runtest_logreport(self, report):
-        if report.failed and not hasattr(report, 'wasxfail'):
+        if report.failed and not hasattr(report, "wasxfail"):
             self.testsfailed += 1
             maxfail = self.config.getvalue("maxfail")
             if maxfail and self.testsfailed >= maxfail:
-                self.shouldfail = "stopping after %d failures" % (
-                    self.testsfailed)
+                self.shouldfail = "stopping after %d failures" % (self.testsfailed)
+
     pytest_collectreport = pytest_runtest_logreport
 
     def isinitpath(self, path):
@@ -350,8 +425,9 @@ class Session(nodes.FSCollector):
         try:
             items = self._perform_collect(args, genitems)
             self.config.pluginmanager.check_pending()
-            hook.pytest_collection_modifyitems(session=self,
-                                               config=self.config, items=items)
+            hook.pytest_collection_modifyitems(
+                session=self, config=self.config, items=items
+            )
         finally:
             hook.pytest_collection_finish(session=self)
         self.testscollected = len(items)
@@ -408,8 +484,9 @@ class Session(nodes.FSCollector):
         path = names.pop(0)
         if path.check(dir=1):
             assert not names, "invalid arg %r" % (arg,)
-            for path in path.visit(fil=lambda x: x.check(file=1),
-                                   rec=self._recurse, bf=True, sort=True):
+            for path in path.visit(
+                fil=lambda x: x.check(file=1), rec=self._recurse, bf=True, sort=True
+            ):
                 for x in self._collectfile(path):
                     yield x
         else:
@@ -469,8 +546,8 @@ class Session(nodes.FSCollector):
         if not path.check():
             if self.config.option.pyargs:
                 raise UsageError(
-                    "file or package not found: " + arg +
-                    " (missing __init__.py?)")
+                    "file or package not found: " + arg + " (missing __init__.py?)"
+                )
             else:
                 raise UsageError("file not found: " + arg)
         parts[0] = path

_pytest/mark/__init__.py

@@ -2,15 +2,25 @@
 from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
 from _pytest.config import UsageError
 from .structures import (
-    ParameterSet, EMPTY_PARAMETERSET_OPTION, MARK_GEN,
-    Mark, MarkInfo, MarkDecorator, MarkGenerator,
-    transfer_markers, get_empty_parameterset_mark
+    ParameterSet,
+    EMPTY_PARAMETERSET_OPTION,
+    MARK_GEN,
+    Mark,
+    MarkInfo,
+    MarkDecorator,
+    MarkGenerator,
+    transfer_markers,
+    get_empty_parameterset_mark,
 )
 from .legacy import matchkeyword, matchmark
 
 __all__ = [
-    'Mark', 'MarkInfo', 'MarkDecorator', 'MarkGenerator',
-    'transfer_markers', 'get_empty_parameterset_mark'
+    "Mark",
+    "MarkInfo",
+    "MarkDecorator",
+    "MarkGenerator",
+    "transfer_markers",
+    "get_empty_parameterset_mark",
 ]
 
 
@@ -42,47 +52,53 @@ def param(*values, **kw):
 def pytest_addoption(parser):
     group = parser.getgroup("general")
     group._addoption(
-        '-k',
-        action="store", dest="keyword", default='', metavar="EXPRESSION",
+        "-k",
+        action="store",
+        dest="keyword",
+        default="",
+        metavar="EXPRESSION",
         help="only run tests which match the given substring expression. "
-             "An expression is a python evaluatable expression "
-             "where all names are substring-matched against test names "
-             "and their parent classes. Example: -k 'test_method or test_"
-             "other' matches all test functions and classes whose name "
-             "contains 'test_method' or 'test_other', while -k 'not test_method' "
-             "matches those that don't contain 'test_method' in their names. "
-             "Additionally keywords are matched to classes and functions "
-             "containing extra names in their 'extra_keyword_matches' set, "
-             "as well as functions which have names assigned directly to them."
+        "An expression is a python evaluatable expression "
+        "where all names are substring-matched against test names "
+        "and their parent classes. Example: -k 'test_method or test_"
+        "other' matches all test functions and classes whose name "
+        "contains 'test_method' or 'test_other', while -k 'not test_method' "
+        "matches those that don't contain 'test_method' in their names. "
+        "Additionally keywords are matched to classes and functions "
+        "containing extra names in their 'extra_keyword_matches' set, "
+        "as well as functions which have names assigned directly to them.",
     )
 
     group._addoption(
         "-m",
-        action="store", dest="markexpr", default="", metavar="MARKEXPR",
+        action="store",
+        dest="markexpr",
+        default="",
+        metavar="MARKEXPR",
         help="only run tests matching given mark expression.  "
-             "example: -m 'mark1 and not mark2'."
+        "example: -m 'mark1 and not mark2'.",
     )
 
     group.addoption(
-        "--markers", action="store_true",
-        help="show markers (builtin, plugin and per-project ones)."
+        "--markers",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="show markers (builtin, plugin and per-project ones).",
     )
 
-    parser.addini("markers", "markers for test functions", 'linelist')
-    parser.addini(
-        EMPTY_PARAMETERSET_OPTION,
-        "default marker for empty parametersets")
+    parser.addini("markers", "markers for test functions", "linelist")
+    parser.addini(EMPTY_PARAMETERSET_OPTION, "default marker for empty parametersets")
 
 
 def pytest_cmdline_main(config):
     import _pytest.config
+
     if config.option.markers:
         config._do_configure()
         tw = _pytest.config.create_terminal_writer(config)
         for line in config.getini("markers"):
             parts = line.split(":", 1)
             name = parts[0]
-            rest = parts[1] if len(parts) == 2 else ''
+            rest = parts[1] if len(parts) == 2 else ""
             tw.write("@pytest.mark.%s:" % name, bold=True)
             tw.line(rest)
             tw.line()
@@ -147,11 +163,12 @@ def pytest_configure(config):
 
     empty_parameterset = config.getini(EMPTY_PARAMETERSET_OPTION)
 
-    if empty_parameterset not in ('skip', 'xfail', None, ''):
+    if empty_parameterset not in ("skip", "xfail", None, ""):
         raise UsageError(
             "{!s} must be one of skip and xfail,"
-            " but it is {!r}".format(EMPTY_PARAMETERSET_OPTION, empty_parameterset))
+            " but it is {!r}".format(EMPTY_PARAMETERSET_OPTION, empty_parameterset)
+        )
 
 
 def pytest_unconfigure(config):
-    MARK_GEN._config = getattr(config, '_old_mark_config', None)
+    MARK_GEN._config = getattr(config, "_old_mark_config", None)

_pytest/mark/evaluate.py

@@ -8,18 +8,20 @@ from ..outcomes import fail, TEST_OUTCOME
 
 
 def cached_eval(config, expr, d):
-    if not hasattr(config, '_evalcache'):
+    if not hasattr(config, "_evalcache"):
         config._evalcache = {}
     try:
         return config._evalcache[expr]
     except KeyError:
         import _pytest._code
+
         exprcode = _pytest._code.compile(expr, mode="eval")
         config._evalcache[expr] = x = eval(exprcode, d)
         return x
 
 
 class MarkEvaluator(object):
+
     def __init__(self, item, name):
         self.item = item
         self._marks = None
@@ -29,16 +31,17 @@ class MarkEvaluator(object):
     def __bool__(self):
         # dont cache here to prevent staleness
         return bool(self._get_marks())
+
     __nonzero__ = __bool__
 
     def wasvalid(self):
-        return not hasattr(self, 'exc')
+        return not hasattr(self, "exc")
 
     def _get_marks(self):
         return list(self.item.iter_markers(name=self._mark_name))
 
     def invalidraise(self, exc):
-        raises = self.get('raises')
+        raises = self.get("raises")
         if not raises:
             return
         return not isinstance(exc, raises)
@@ -49,24 +52,25 @@ class MarkEvaluator(object):
         except TEST_OUTCOME:
             self.exc = sys.exc_info()
             if isinstance(self.exc[1], SyntaxError):
-                msg = [" " * (self.exc[1].offset + 4) + "^", ]
+                msg = [" " * (self.exc[1].offset + 4) + "^"]
                 msg.append("SyntaxError: invalid syntax")
             else:
                 msg = traceback.format_exception_only(*self.exc[:2])
-            fail("Error evaluating %r expression\n"
-                 "    %s\n"
-                 "%s"
-                 % (self._mark_name, self.expr, "\n".join(msg)),
-                 pytrace=False)
+            fail(
+                "Error evaluating %r expression\n"
+                "    %s\n"
+                "%s" % (self._mark_name, self.expr, "\n".join(msg)),
+                pytrace=False,
+            )
 
     def _getglobals(self):
-        d = {'os': os, 'sys': sys, 'platform': platform, 'config': self.item.config}
-        if hasattr(self.item, 'obj'):
+        d = {"os": os, "sys": sys, "platform": platform, "config": self.item.config}
+        if hasattr(self.item, "obj"):
             d.update(self.item.obj.__globals__)
         return d
 
     def _istrue(self):
-        if hasattr(self, 'result'):
+        if hasattr(self, "result"):
             return self.result
         self._marks = self._get_marks()
 
@@ -74,8 +78,8 @@ class MarkEvaluator(object):
             self.result = False
             for mark in self._marks:
                 self._mark = mark
-                if 'condition' in mark.kwargs:
-                    args = (mark.kwargs['condition'],)
+                if "condition" in mark.kwargs:
+                    args = (mark.kwargs["condition"],)
                 else:
                     args = mark.args
 
@@ -87,19 +91,18 @@ class MarkEvaluator(object):
                     else:
                         if "reason" not in mark.kwargs:
                             # XXX better be checked at collection time
-                            msg = "you need to specify reason=STRING " \
-                                  "when using booleans as conditions."
+                            msg = "you need to specify reason=STRING " "when using booleans as conditions."
                             fail(msg)
                         result = bool(expr)
                     if result:
                         self.result = True
-                        self.reason = mark.kwargs.get('reason', None)
+                        self.reason = mark.kwargs.get("reason", None)
                         self.expr = expr
                         return self.result
 
                 if not args:
                     self.result = True
-                    self.reason = mark.kwargs.get('reason', None)
+                    self.reason = mark.kwargs.get("reason", None)
                     return self.result
         return False
 
@@ -109,9 +112,9 @@ class MarkEvaluator(object):
         return self._mark.kwargs.get(attr, default)
 
     def getexplanation(self):
-        expl = getattr(self, 'reason', None) or self.get('reason', None)
+        expl = getattr(self, "reason", None) or self.get("reason", None)
         if not expl:
-            if not hasattr(self, 'expr'):
+            if not hasattr(self, "expr"):
                 return ""
             else:
                 return "condition: " + str(self.expr)

_pytest/mark/legacy.py

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ class MarkMapping(object):
 
     @classmethod
     def from_item(cls, item):
-        mark_names = set(mark.name for mark in item.iter_markers())
+        mark_names = {mark.name for mark in item.iter_markers()}
         return cls(mark_names)
 
     def __getitem__(self, name):
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ class KeywordMapping(object):
 
         # Add the names of the current item and any parent items
         import pytest
+
         for item in item.listchain():
             if not isinstance(item, pytest.Instance):
                 mapped_names.add(item.name)
@@ -47,7 +48,7 @@ class KeywordMapping(object):
             mapped_names.add(name)
 
         # Add the names attached to the current function through direct assignment
-        if hasattr(item, 'function'):
+        if hasattr(item, "function"):
             for name in item.function.__dict__:
                 mapped_names.add(name)
 
@@ -85,7 +86,11 @@ def matchkeyword(colitem, keywordexpr):
         return not mapping[keywordexpr[4:]]
     for kwd in keywordexpr.split():
         if keyword.iskeyword(kwd) and kwd not in python_keywords_allowed_list:
-            raise UsageError("Python keyword '{}' not accepted in expressions passed to '-k'".format(kwd))
+            raise UsageError(
+                "Python keyword '{}' not accepted in expressions passed to '-k'".format(
+                    kwd
+                )
+            )
     try:
         return eval(keywordexpr, {}, mapping)
     except SyntaxError:

_pytest/mark/structures.py

@@ -20,32 +20,35 @@ def alias(name, warning=None):
         warnings.warn(warning, stacklevel=2)
         return getter(self)
 
-    return property(getter if warning is None else warned, doc='alias for ' + name)
+    return property(getter if warning is None else warned, doc="alias for " + name)
 
 
 def istestfunc(func):
-    return hasattr(func, "__call__") and \
-        getattr(func, "__name__", "<lambda>") != "<lambda>"
+    return hasattr(func, "__call__") and getattr(
+        func, "__name__", "<lambda>"
+    ) != "<lambda>"
 
 
 def get_empty_parameterset_mark(config, argnames, func):
     requested_mark = config.getini(EMPTY_PARAMETERSET_OPTION)
-    if requested_mark in ('', None, 'skip'):
+    if requested_mark in ("", None, "skip"):
         mark = MARK_GEN.skip
-    elif requested_mark == 'xfail':
+    elif requested_mark == "xfail":
         mark = MARK_GEN.xfail(run=False)
     else:
         raise LookupError(requested_mark)
     fs, lineno = getfslineno(func)
     reason = "got empty parameter set %r, function %s at %s:%d" % (
-        argnames, func.__name__, fs, lineno)
+        argnames, func.__name__, fs, lineno
+    )
     return mark(reason=reason)
 
 
-class ParameterSet(namedtuple('ParameterSet', 'values, marks, id')):
+class ParameterSet(namedtuple("ParameterSet", "values, marks, id")):
+
     @classmethod
     def param(cls, *values, **kw):
-        marks = kw.pop('marks', ())
+        marks = kw.pop("marks", ())
         if isinstance(marks, MarkDecorator):
             marks = marks,
         else:
@@ -78,8 +81,9 @@ class ParameterSet(namedtuple('ParameterSet', 'values, marks, id')):
         newmarks = []
         argval = parameterset
         while isinstance(argval, MarkDecorator):
-            newmarks.append(MarkDecorator(Mark(
-                argval.markname, argval.args[:-1], argval.kwargs)))
+            newmarks.append(
+                MarkDecorator(Mark(argval.markname, argval.args[:-1], argval.kwargs))
+            )
             argval = argval.args[-1]
         assert not isinstance(argval, ParameterSet)
         if legacy_force_tuple:
@@ -99,16 +103,15 @@ class ParameterSet(namedtuple('ParameterSet', 'values, marks, id')):
             force_tuple = False
         parameters = [
             ParameterSet.extract_from(x, legacy_force_tuple=force_tuple)
-            for x in argvalues]
+            for x in argvalues
+        ]
         del argvalues
 
         if not parameters:
             mark = get_empty_parameterset_mark(config, argnames, func)
-            parameters.append(ParameterSet(
-                values=(NOTSET,) * len(argnames),
-                marks=[mark],
-                id=None,
-            ))
+            parameters.append(
+                ParameterSet(values=(NOTSET,) * len(argnames), marks=[mark], id=None)
+            )
         return argnames, parameters
 
 
@@ -131,8 +134,8 @@ class Mark(object):
         """
         assert self.name == other.name
         return Mark(
-            self.name, self.args + other.args,
-            dict(self.kwargs, **other.kwargs))
+            self.name, self.args + other.args, dict(self.kwargs, **other.kwargs)
+        )
 
 
 @attr.s
@@ -172,9 +175,9 @@ class MarkDecorator(object):
 
     mark = attr.ib(validator=attr.validators.instance_of(Mark))
 
-    name = alias('mark.name')
-    args = alias('mark.args')
-    kwargs = alias('mark.kwargs')
+    name = alias("mark.name")
+    args = alias("mark.args")
+    kwargs = alias("mark.kwargs")
 
     @property
     def markname(self):
@@ -217,14 +220,11 @@ def get_unpacked_marks(obj):
     """
     obtain the unpacked marks that are stored on an object
     """
-    mark_list = getattr(obj, 'pytestmark', [])
+    mark_list = getattr(obj, "pytestmark", [])
 
     if not isinstance(mark_list, list):
         mark_list = [mark_list]
-    return [
-        getattr(mark, 'mark', mark)  # unpack MarkDecorator
-        for mark in mark_list
-    ]
+    return [getattr(mark, "mark", mark) for mark in mark_list]  # unpack MarkDecorator
 
 
 def store_mark(obj, mark):
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ def _marked(func, mark):
     invoked more than once.
     """
     try:
-        func_mark = getattr(func, getattr(mark, 'combined', mark).name)
+        func_mark = getattr(func, getattr(mark, "combined", mark).name)
     except AttributeError:
         return False
     return any(mark == info.combined for info in func_mark)
@@ -284,19 +284,21 @@ class MarkInfo(object):
     _marks = attr.ib()
     combined = attr.ib(
         repr=False,
-        default=attr.Factory(lambda self: reduce(Mark.combined_with, self._marks),
-                             takes_self=True))
+        default=attr.Factory(
+            lambda self: reduce(Mark.combined_with, self._marks), takes_self=True
+        ),
+    )
 
-    name = alias('combined.name', warning=MARK_INFO_ATTRIBUTE)
-    args = alias('combined.args', warning=MARK_INFO_ATTRIBUTE)
-    kwargs = alias('combined.kwargs', warning=MARK_INFO_ATTRIBUTE)
+    name = alias("combined.name", warning=MARK_INFO_ATTRIBUTE)
+    args = alias("combined.args", warning=MARK_INFO_ATTRIBUTE)
+    kwargs = alias("combined.kwargs", warning=MARK_INFO_ATTRIBUTE)
 
     @classmethod
     def for_mark(cls, mark):
         return cls([mark])
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        return "<MarkInfo {0!r}>".format(self.combined)
+        return "<MarkInfo {!r}>".format(self.combined)
 
     def add_mark(self, mark):
         """ add a MarkInfo with the given args and kwargs. """
@@ -348,6 +350,7 @@ MARK_GEN = MarkGenerator()
 
 
 class NodeKeywords(MappingMixin):
+
     def __init__(self, node):
         self.node = node
         self.parent = node.parent
@@ -381,7 +384,7 @@ class NodeKeywords(MappingMixin):
         return len(self._seen())
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        return "<NodeKeywords for node %s>" % (self.node, )
+        return "<NodeKeywords for node %s>" % (self.node,)
 
 
 @attr.s(cmp=False, hash=False)

_pytest/monkeypatch.py

@@ -38,12 +38,12 @@ def monkeypatch():
 
 def resolve(name):
     # simplified from zope.dottedname
-    parts = name.split('.')
+    parts = name.split(".")
 
     used = parts.pop(0)
     found = __import__(used)
     for part in parts:
-        used += '.' + part
+        used += "." + part
         try:
             found = getattr(found, part)
         except AttributeError:
@@ -60,9 +60,7 @@ def resolve(name):
             if expected == used:
                 raise
             else:
-                raise ImportError(
-                    'import error in %s: %s' % (used, ex)
-                )
+                raise ImportError("import error in %s: %s" % (used, ex))
         found = annotated_getattr(found, part, used)
     return found
 
@@ -72,18 +70,15 @@ def annotated_getattr(obj, name, ann):
         obj = getattr(obj, name)
     except AttributeError:
         raise AttributeError(
-            '%r object at %s has no attribute %r' % (
-                type(obj).__name__, ann, name
-            )
+            "%r object at %s has no attribute %r" % (type(obj).__name__, ann, name)
         )
     return obj
 
 
 def derive_importpath(import_path, raising):
     if not isinstance(import_path, six.string_types) or "." not in import_path:
-        raise TypeError("must be absolute import path string, not %r" %
-                        (import_path,))
-    module, attr = import_path.rsplit('.', 1)
+        raise TypeError("must be absolute import path string, not %r" % (import_path,))
+    module, attr = import_path.rsplit(".", 1)
     target = resolve(module)
     if raising:
         annotated_getattr(target, attr, ann=module)
@@ -91,6 +86,7 @@ def derive_importpath(import_path, raising):
 
 
 class Notset(object):
+
     def __repr__(self):
         return "<notset>"
 
@@ -150,9 +146,11 @@ class MonkeyPatch(object):
 
         if value is notset:
             if not isinstance(target, six.string_types):
-                raise TypeError("use setattr(target, name, value) or "
-                                "setattr(target, value) with target being a dotted "
-                                "import string")
+                raise TypeError(
+                    "use setattr(target, name, value) or "
+                    "setattr(target, value) with target being a dotted "
+                    "import string"
+                )
             value = name
             name, target = derive_importpath(target, raising)
 
@@ -180,9 +178,11 @@ class MonkeyPatch(object):
         __tracebackhide__ = True
         if name is notset:
             if not isinstance(target, six.string_types):
-                raise TypeError("use delattr(target, name) or "
-                                "delattr(target) with target being a dotted "
-                                "import string")
+                raise TypeError(
+                    "use delattr(target, name) or "
+                    "delattr(target) with target being a dotted "
+                    "import string"
+                )
             name, target = derive_importpath(target, raising)
 
         if not hasattr(target, name):

_pytest/nodes.py

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ def _splitnode(nodeid):
         ['testing', 'code', 'test_excinfo.py']
         ['testing', 'code', 'test_excinfo.py', 'TestFormattedExcinfo', '()']
     """
-    if nodeid == '':
+    if nodeid == "":
         # If there is no root node at all, return an empty list so the caller's logic can remain sane
         return []
     parts = nodeid.split(SEP)
@@ -64,14 +64,16 @@ class _CompatProperty(object):
         #     "usage of {owner!r}.{name} is deprecated, please use pytest.{name} instead".format(
         #         name=self.name, owner=type(owner).__name__),
         #     PendingDeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
-        return getattr(__import__('pytest'), self.name)
+        return getattr(__import__("pytest"), self.name)
 
 
 class Node(object):
     """ base class for Collector and Item the test collection tree.
     Collector subclasses have children, Items are terminal nodes."""
 
-    def __init__(self, name, parent=None, config=None, session=None, fspath=None, nodeid=None):
+    def __init__(
+        self, name, parent=None, config=None, session=None, fspath=None, nodeid=None
+    ):
         #: a unique name within the scope of the parent node
         self.name = name
 
@@ -85,7 +87,7 @@ class Node(object):
         self.session = session or parent.session
 
         #: filesystem path where this node was collected from (can be None)
-        self.fspath = fspath or getattr(parent, 'fspath', None)
+        self.fspath = fspath or getattr(parent, "fspath", None)
 
         #: keywords/markers collected from all scopes
         self.keywords = NodeKeywords(self)
@@ -120,7 +122,7 @@ class Node(object):
     def _getcustomclass(self, name):
         maybe_compatprop = getattr(type(self), name)
         if isinstance(maybe_compatprop, _CompatProperty):
-            return getattr(__import__('pytest'), name)
+            return getattr(__import__("pytest"), name)
         else:
             cls = getattr(self, name)
             # TODO: reenable in the features branch
@@ -130,8 +132,7 @@ class Node(object):
         return cls
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        return "<%s %r>" % (self.__class__.__name__,
-                            getattr(self, 'name', None))
+        return "<%s %r>" % (self.__class__.__name__, getattr(self, "name", None))
 
     def warn(self, code, message):
         """ generate a warning with the given code and message for this
@@ -140,9 +141,11 @@ class Node(object):
         fslocation = getattr(self, "location", None)
         if fslocation is None:
             fslocation = getattr(self, "fspath", None)
-        self.ihook.pytest_logwarning.call_historic(kwargs=dict(
-            code=code, message=message,
-            nodeid=self.nodeid, fslocation=fslocation))
+        self.ihook.pytest_logwarning.call_historic(
+            kwargs=dict(
+                code=code, message=message, nodeid=self.nodeid, fslocation=fslocation
+            )
+        )
 
     # methods for ordering nodes
     @property
@@ -176,6 +179,7 @@ class Node(object):
         ``marker`` can be a string or pytest.mark.* instance.
         """
         from _pytest.mark import MarkDecorator, MARK_GEN
+
         if isinstance(marker, six.string_types):
             marker = getattr(MARK_GEN, marker)
         elif not isinstance(marker, MarkDecorator):
@@ -200,7 +204,7 @@ class Node(object):
         """
         for node in reversed(self.listchain()):
             for mark in node.own_markers:
-                if name is None or getattr(mark, 'name', None) == name:
+                if name is None or getattr(mark, "name", None) == name:
                     yield node, mark
 
     def get_closest_marker(self, name, default=None):
@@ -283,9 +287,13 @@ class Node(object):
         except OSError:
             abspath = True
 
-        return excinfo.getrepr(funcargs=True, abspath=abspath,
-                               showlocals=self.config.option.showlocals,
-                               style=style, tbfilter=tbfilter)
+        return excinfo.getrepr(
+            funcargs=True,
+            abspath=abspath,
+            showlocals=self.config.option.showlocals,
+            style=style,
+            tbfilter=tbfilter,
+        )
 
     repr_failure = _repr_failure_py
 
@@ -312,7 +320,7 @@ class Collector(Node):
         return self._repr_failure_py(excinfo, style="short")
 
     def _prunetraceback(self, excinfo):
-        if hasattr(self, 'fspath'):
+        if hasattr(self, "fspath"):
             traceback = excinfo.traceback
             ntraceback = traceback.cut(path=self.fspath)
             if ntraceback == traceback:
@@ -327,6 +335,7 @@ def _check_initialpaths_for_relpath(session, fspath):
 
 
 class FSCollector(Collector):
+
     def __init__(self, fspath, parent=None, config=None, session=None, nodeid=None):
         fspath = py.path.local(fspath)  # xxx only for test_resultlog.py?
         name = fspath.basename
@@ -347,7 +356,9 @@ class FSCollector(Collector):
             if os.sep != SEP:
                 nodeid = nodeid.replace(os.sep, SEP)
 
-        super(FSCollector, self).__init__(name, parent, config, session, nodeid=nodeid, fspath=fspath)
+        super(FSCollector, self).__init__(
+            name, parent, config, session, nodeid=nodeid, fspath=fspath
+        )
 
 
 class File(FSCollector):

_pytest/nose.py

@@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ from _pytest.config import hookimpl
 
 def get_skip_exceptions():
     skip_classes = set()
-    for module_name in ('unittest', 'unittest2', 'nose'):
+    for module_name in ("unittest", "unittest2", "nose"):
         mod = sys.modules.get(module_name)
-        if hasattr(mod, 'SkipTest'):
+        if hasattr(mod, "SkipTest"):
             skip_classes.add(mod.SkipTest)
     return tuple(skip_classes)
 
@@ -19,8 +19,7 @@ def get_skip_exceptions():
 def pytest_runtest_makereport(item, call):
     if call.excinfo and call.excinfo.errisinstance(get_skip_exceptions()):
         # let's substitute the excinfo with a pytest.skip one
-        call2 = call.__class__(
-            lambda: runner.skip(str(call.excinfo.value)), call.when)
+        call2 = call.__class__(lambda: runner.skip(str(call.excinfo.value)), call.when)
         call.excinfo = call2.excinfo
 
 
@@ -29,22 +28,22 @@ def pytest_runtest_setup(item):
     if is_potential_nosetest(item):
         if isinstance(item.parent, python.Generator):
             gen = item.parent
-            if not hasattr(gen, '_nosegensetup'):
-                call_optional(gen.obj, 'setup')
+            if not hasattr(gen, "_nosegensetup"):
+                call_optional(gen.obj, "setup")
                 if isinstance(gen.parent, python.Instance):
-                    call_optional(gen.parent.obj, 'setup')
+                    call_optional(gen.parent.obj, "setup")
                 gen._nosegensetup = True
-        if not call_optional(item.obj, 'setup'):
+        if not call_optional(item.obj, "setup"):
             # call module level setup if there is no object level one
-            call_optional(item.parent.obj, 'setup')
+            call_optional(item.parent.obj, "setup")
         # XXX this implies we only call teardown when setup worked
         item.session._setupstate.addfinalizer((lambda: teardown_nose(item)), item)
 
 
 def teardown_nose(item):
     if is_potential_nosetest(item):
-        if not call_optional(item.obj, 'teardown'):
-            call_optional(item.parent.obj, 'teardown')
+        if not call_optional(item.obj, "teardown"):
+            call_optional(item.parent.obj, "teardown")
         # if hasattr(item.parent, '_nosegensetup'):
         #    #call_optional(item._nosegensetup, 'teardown')
         #    del item.parent._nosegensetup
@@ -52,14 +51,15 @@ def teardown_nose(item):
 
 def pytest_make_collect_report(collector):
     if isinstance(collector, python.Generator):
-        call_optional(collector.obj, 'setup')
+        call_optional(collector.obj, "setup")
 
 
 def is_potential_nosetest(item):
     # extra check needed since we do not do nose style setup/teardown
     # on direct unittest style classes
-    return isinstance(item, python.Function) and \
-        not isinstance(item, unittest.TestCaseFunction)
+    return isinstance(item, python.Function) and not isinstance(
+        item, unittest.TestCaseFunction
+    )
 
 
 def call_optional(obj, name):

_pytest/outcomes.py

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ class OutcomeException(BaseException):
     """ OutcomeException and its subclass instances indicate and
         contain info about test and collection outcomes.
     """
+
     def __init__(self, msg=None, pytrace=True):
         BaseException.__init__(self, msg)
         self.msg = msg
@@ -20,9 +21,10 @@ class OutcomeException(BaseException):
         if self.msg:
             val = self.msg
             if isinstance(val, bytes):
-                val = py._builtin._totext(val, errors='replace')
+                val = py._builtin._totext(val, errors="replace")
             return val
         return "<%s instance>" % (self.__class__.__name__,)
+
     __str__ = __repr__
 
 
@@ -32,7 +34,7 @@ TEST_OUTCOME = (OutcomeException, Exception)
 class Skipped(OutcomeException):
     # XXX hackish: on 3k we fake to live in the builtins
     # in order to have Skipped exception printing shorter/nicer
-    __module__ = 'builtins'
+    __module__ = "builtins"
 
     def __init__(self, msg=None, pytrace=True, allow_module_level=False):
         OutcomeException.__init__(self, msg=msg, pytrace=pytrace)
@@ -41,15 +43,17 @@ class Skipped(OutcomeException):
 
 class Failed(OutcomeException):
     """ raised from an explicit call to pytest.fail() """
-    __module__ = 'builtins'
+    __module__ = "builtins"
 
 
 class Exit(KeyboardInterrupt):
     """ raised for immediate program exits (no tracebacks/summaries)"""
+
     def __init__(self, msg="unknown reason"):
         self.msg = msg
         KeyboardInterrupt.__init__(self, msg)
 
+
 # exposed helper methods
 
 
@@ -72,10 +76,10 @@ def skip(msg="", **kwargs):
         module level, skipping the rest of the module. Default to False.
     """
     __tracebackhide__ = True
-    allow_module_level = kwargs.pop('allow_module_level', False)
+    allow_module_level = kwargs.pop("allow_module_level", False)
     if kwargs:
         keys = [k for k in kwargs.keys()]
-        raise TypeError('unexpected keyword arguments: {0}'.format(keys))
+        raise TypeError("unexpected keyword arguments: {}".format(keys))
     raise Skipped(msg=msg, allow_module_level=allow_module_level)
 
 
@@ -114,15 +118,16 @@ def importorskip(modname, minversion=None):
     is only triggered if the module can not be imported.
     """
     import warnings
+
     __tracebackhide__ = True
-    compile(modname, '', 'eval')  # to catch syntaxerrors
+    compile(modname, "", "eval")  # to catch syntaxerrors
     should_skip = False
 
     with warnings.catch_warnings():
         # make sure to ignore ImportWarnings that might happen because
         # of existing directories with the same name we're trying to
         # import but without a __init__.py file
-        warnings.simplefilter('ignore')
+        warnings.simplefilter("ignore")
         try:
             __import__(modname)
         except ImportError:
@@ -133,15 +138,20 @@ def importorskip(modname, minversion=None):
     mod = sys.modules[modname]
     if minversion is None:
         return mod
-    verattr = getattr(mod, '__version__', None)
+    verattr = getattr(mod, "__version__", None)
     if minversion is not None:
         try:
             from pkg_resources import parse_version as pv
         except ImportError:
-            raise Skipped("we have a required version for %r but can not import "
-                          "pkg_resources to parse version strings." % (modname,),
-                          allow_module_level=True)
+            raise Skipped(
+                "we have a required version for %r but can not import "
+                "pkg_resources to parse version strings." % (modname,),
+                allow_module_level=True,
+            )
         if verattr is None or pv(verattr) < pv(minversion):
-            raise Skipped("module %r has __version__ %r, required is: %r" % (
-                          modname, verattr, minversion), allow_module_level=True)
+            raise Skipped(
+                "module %r has __version__ %r, required is: %r"
+                % (modname, verattr, minversion),
+                allow_module_level=True,
+            )
     return mod

_pytest/pastebin.py

@@ -9,43 +9,48 @@ import tempfile
 
 def pytest_addoption(parser):
     group = parser.getgroup("terminal reporting")
-    group._addoption('--pastebin', metavar="mode",
-                     action='store', dest="pastebin", default=None,
-                     choices=['failed', 'all'],
-                     help="send failed|all info to bpaste.net pastebin service.")
+    group._addoption(
+        "--pastebin",
+        metavar="mode",
+        action="store",
+        dest="pastebin",
+        default=None,
+        choices=["failed", "all"],
+        help="send failed|all info to bpaste.net pastebin service.",
+    )
 
 
 @pytest.hookimpl(trylast=True)
 def pytest_configure(config):
     if config.option.pastebin == "all":
-        tr = config.pluginmanager.getplugin('terminalreporter')
+        tr = config.pluginmanager.getplugin("terminalreporter")
         # if no terminal reporter plugin is present, nothing we can do here;
         # this can happen when this function executes in a slave node
         # when using pytest-xdist, for example
         if tr is not None:
             # pastebin file will be utf-8 encoded binary file
-            config._pastebinfile = tempfile.TemporaryFile('w+b')
+            config._pastebinfile = tempfile.TemporaryFile("w+b")
             oldwrite = tr._tw.write
 
             def tee_write(s, **kwargs):
                 oldwrite(s, **kwargs)
                 if isinstance(s, six.text_type):
-                    s = s.encode('utf-8')
+                    s = s.encode("utf-8")
                 config._pastebinfile.write(s)
 
             tr._tw.write = tee_write
 
 
 def pytest_unconfigure(config):
-    if hasattr(config, '_pastebinfile'):
+    if hasattr(config, "_pastebinfile"):
         # get terminal contents and delete file
         config._pastebinfile.seek(0)
         sessionlog = config._pastebinfile.read()
         config._pastebinfile.close()
         del config._pastebinfile
         # undo our patching in the terminal reporter
-        tr = config.pluginmanager.getplugin('terminalreporter')
-        del tr._tw.__dict__['write']
+        tr = config.pluginmanager.getplugin("terminalreporter")
+        del tr._tw.__dict__["write"]
         # write summary
         tr.write_sep("=", "Sending information to Paste Service")
         pastebinurl = create_new_paste(sessionlog)
@@ -60,6 +65,7 @@ def create_new_paste(contents):
     :returns: url to the pasted contents
     """
     import re
+
     if sys.version_info < (3, 0):
         from urllib import urlopen, urlencode
     else:
@@ -67,32 +73,35 @@ def create_new_paste(contents):
         from urllib.parse import urlencode
 
     params = {
-        'code': contents,
-        'lexer': 'python3' if sys.version_info[0] == 3 else 'python',
-        'expiry': '1week',
+        "code": contents,
+        "lexer": "python3" if sys.version_info[0] == 3 else "python",
+        "expiry": "1week",
     }
-    url = 'https://bpaste.net'
-    response = urlopen(url, data=urlencode(params).encode('ascii')).read()
-    m = re.search(r'href="/raw/(\w+)"', response.decode('utf-8'))
+    url = "https://bpaste.net"
+    response = urlopen(url, data=urlencode(params).encode("ascii")).read()
+    m = re.search(r'href="/raw/(\w+)"', response.decode("utf-8"))
     if m:
-        return '%s/show/%s' % (url, m.group(1))
+        return "%s/show/%s" % (url, m.group(1))
     else:
-        return 'bad response: ' + response
+        return "bad response: " + response
 
 
 def pytest_terminal_summary(terminalreporter):
     import _pytest.config
+
     if terminalreporter.config.option.pastebin != "failed":
         return
     tr = terminalreporter
-    if 'failed' in tr.stats:
+    if "failed" in tr.stats:
         terminalreporter.write_sep("=", "Sending information to Paste Service")
-        for rep in terminalreporter.stats.get('failed'):
+        for rep in terminalreporter.stats.get("failed"):
             try:
                 msg = rep.longrepr.reprtraceback.reprentries[-1].reprfileloc
             except AttributeError:
                 msg = tr._getfailureheadline(rep)
-            tw = _pytest.config.create_terminal_writer(terminalreporter.config, stringio=True)
+            tw = _pytest.config.create_terminal_writer(
+                terminalreporter.config, stringio=True
+            )
             rep.toterminal(tw)
             s = tw.stringio.getvalue()
             assert len(s)

_pytest/pytester.py

@@ -23,23 +23,35 @@ from _pytest.main import Session, EXIT_OK
 from _pytest.assertion.rewrite import AssertionRewritingHook
 
 
-PYTEST_FULLPATH = os.path.abspath(pytest.__file__.rstrip("oc")).replace("$py.class", ".py")
+PYTEST_FULLPATH = os.path.abspath(pytest.__file__.rstrip("oc")).replace(
+    "$py.class", ".py"
+)
 
 
 IGNORE_PAM = [  # filenames added when obtaining details about the current user
-     u'/var/lib/sss/mc/passwd'
+    u"/var/lib/sss/mc/passwd"
 ]
 
 
 def pytest_addoption(parser):
-    parser.addoption('--lsof',
-                     action="store_true", dest="lsof", default=False,
-                     help=("run FD checks if lsof is available"))
+    parser.addoption(
+        "--lsof",
+        action="store_true",
+        dest="lsof",
+        default=False,
+        help=("run FD checks if lsof is available"),
+    )
 
-    parser.addoption('--runpytest', default="inprocess", dest="runpytest",
-                     choices=("inprocess", "subprocess"),
-                     help=("run pytest sub runs in tests using an 'inprocess' "
-                           "or 'subprocess' (python -m main) method"))
+    parser.addoption(
+        "--runpytest",
+        default="inprocess",
+        dest="runpytest",
+        choices=("inprocess", "subprocess"),
+        help=(
+            "run pytest sub runs in tests using an 'inprocess' "
+            "or 'subprocess' (python -m main) method"
+        ),
+    )
 
 
 def pytest_configure(config):
@@ -50,6 +62,7 @@ def pytest_configure(config):
 
 
 class LsofFdLeakChecker(object):
+
     def get_open_files(self):
         out = self._exec_lsof()
         open_files = self._parse_lsof_output(out)
@@ -60,20 +73,25 @@ class LsofFdLeakChecker(object):
         return py.process.cmdexec("lsof -Ffn0 -p %d" % pid)
 
     def _parse_lsof_output(self, out):
+
         def isopen(line):
-            return line.startswith('f') and ("deleted" not in line and
-                                             'mem' not in line and "txt" not in line and 'cwd' not in line)
+            return line.startswith("f") and (
+                "deleted" not in line
+                and "mem" not in line
+                and "txt" not in line
+                and "cwd" not in line
+            )
 
         open_files = []
 
         for line in out.split("\n"):
             if isopen(line):
-                fields = line.split('\0')
+                fields = line.split("\0")
                 fd = fields[0][1:]
                 filename = fields[1][1:]
                 if filename in IGNORE_PAM:
                     continue
-                if filename.startswith('/'):
+                if filename.startswith("/"):
                     open_files.append((fd, filename))
 
         return open_files
@@ -97,7 +115,7 @@ class LsofFdLeakChecker(object):
             gc.collect()
         lines2 = self.get_open_files()
 
-        new_fds = set([t[0] for t in lines2]) - set([t[0] for t in lines1])
+        new_fds = {t[0] for t in lines2} - {t[0] for t in lines1}
         leaked_files = [t for t in lines2 if t[0] in new_fds]
         if leaked_files:
             error = []
@@ -110,15 +128,15 @@ class LsofFdLeakChecker(object):
             error.append(error[0])
             error.append("*** function %s:%s: %s " % item.location)
             error.append("See issue #2366")
-            item.warn('', "\n".join(error))
+            item.warn("", "\n".join(error))
 
 
 # XXX copied from execnet's conftest.py - needs to be merged
 winpymap = {
-    'python2.7': r'C:\Python27\python.exe',
-    'python3.4': r'C:\Python34\python.exe',
-    'python3.5': r'C:\Python35\python.exe',
-    'python3.6': r'C:\Python36\python.exe',
+    "python2.7": r"C:\Python27\python.exe",
+    "python3.4": r"C:\Python34\python.exe",
+    "python3.5": r"C:\Python35\python.exe",
+    "python3.6": r"C:\Python36\python.exe",
 }
 
 
@@ -129,8 +147,12 @@ def getexecutable(name, cache={}):
         executable = py.path.local.sysfind(name)
         if executable:
             import subprocess
-            popen = subprocess.Popen([str(executable), "--version"],
-                                     universal_newlines=True, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
+
+            popen = subprocess.Popen(
+                [str(executable), "--version"],
+                universal_newlines=True,
+                stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
+            )
             out, err = popen.communicate()
             if name == "jython":
                 if not err or "2.5" not in err:
@@ -144,7 +166,7 @@ def getexecutable(name, cache={}):
         return executable
 
 
-@pytest.fixture(params=['python2.7', 'python3.4', 'pypy', 'pypy3'])
+@pytest.fixture(params=["python2.7", "python3.4", "pypy", "pypy3"])
 def anypython(request):
     name = request.param
     executable = getexecutable(name)
@@ -158,6 +180,7 @@ def anypython(request):
         pytest.skip("no suitable %s found" % (name,))
     return executable
 
+
 # used at least by pytest-xdist plugin
 
 
@@ -172,6 +195,7 @@ def _pytest(request):
 
 
 class PytestArg(object):
+
     def __init__(self, request):
         self.request = request
 
@@ -187,13 +211,14 @@ def get_public_names(values):
 
 
 class ParsedCall(object):
+
     def __init__(self, name, kwargs):
         self.__dict__.update(kwargs)
         self._name = name
 
     def __repr__(self):
         d = self.__dict__.copy()
-        del d['_name']
+        del d["_name"]
         return "<ParsedCall %r(**%r)>" % (self._name, d)
 
 
@@ -263,12 +288,15 @@ class HookRecorder(object):
 
     # functionality for test reports
 
-    def getreports(self,
-                   names="pytest_runtest_logreport pytest_collectreport"):
+    def getreports(self, names="pytest_runtest_logreport pytest_collectreport"):
         return [x.report for x in self.getcalls(names)]
 
-    def matchreport(self, inamepart="",
-                    names="pytest_runtest_logreport pytest_collectreport", when=None):
+    def matchreport(
+        self,
+        inamepart="",
+        names="pytest_runtest_logreport pytest_collectreport",
+        when=None,
+    ):
         """return a testreport whose dotted import path matches"""
         values = []
         for rep in self.getreports(names=names):
@@ -278,31 +306,32 @@ class HookRecorder(object):
                     continue
             except AttributeError:
                 pass
-            if when and getattr(rep, 'when', None) != when:
+            if when and getattr(rep, "when", None) != when:
                 continue
             if not inamepart or inamepart in rep.nodeid.split("::"):
                 values.append(rep)
         if not values:
-            raise ValueError("could not find test report matching %r: "
-                             "no test reports at all!" % (inamepart,))
+            raise ValueError(
+                "could not find test report matching %r: "
+                "no test reports at all!" % (inamepart,)
+            )
         if len(values) > 1:
             raise ValueError(
-                "found 2 or more testreports matching %r: %s" % (inamepart, values))
+                "found 2 or more testreports matching %r: %s" % (inamepart, values)
+            )
         return values[0]
 
-    def getfailures(self,
-                    names='pytest_runtest_logreport pytest_collectreport'):
+    def getfailures(self, names="pytest_runtest_logreport pytest_collectreport"):
         return [rep for rep in self.getreports(names) if rep.failed]
 
     def getfailedcollections(self):
-        return self.getfailures('pytest_collectreport')
+        return self.getfailures("pytest_collectreport")
 
     def listoutcomes(self):
         passed = []
         skipped = []
         failed = []
-        for rep in self.getreports(
-                "pytest_collectreport pytest_runtest_logreport"):
+        for rep in self.getreports("pytest_collectreport pytest_runtest_logreport"):
             if rep.passed:
                 if getattr(rep, "when", None) == "call":
                     passed.append(rep)
@@ -330,7 +359,7 @@ def linecomp(request):
     return LineComp()
 
 
-@pytest.fixture(name='LineMatcher')
+@pytest.fixture(name="LineMatcher")
 def LineMatcher_fixture(request):
     return LineMatcher
 
@@ -373,7 +402,7 @@ class RunResult(object):
 
         """
         for line in reversed(self.outlines):
-            if 'seconds' in line:
+            if "seconds" in line:
                 outcomes = rex_outcome.findall(line)
                 if outcomes:
                     d = {}
@@ -389,15 +418,18 @@ class RunResult(object):
         """
         d = self.parseoutcomes()
         obtained = {
-            'passed': d.get('passed', 0),
-            'skipped': d.get('skipped', 0),
-            'failed': d.get('failed', 0),
-            'error': d.get('error', 0),
+            "passed": d.get("passed", 0),
+            "skipped": d.get("skipped", 0),
+            "failed": d.get("failed", 0),
+            "error": d.get("error", 0),
         }
-        assert obtained == dict(passed=passed, skipped=skipped, failed=failed, error=error)
+        assert (
+            obtained == dict(passed=passed, skipped=skipped, failed=failed, error=error)
+        )
 
 
 class CwdSnapshot(object):
+
     def __init__(self):
         self.__saved = os.getcwd()
 
@@ -406,6 +438,7 @@ class CwdSnapshot(object):
 
 
 class SysModulesSnapshot(object):
+
     def __init__(self, preserve=None):
         self.__preserve = preserve
         self.__saved = dict(sys.modules)
@@ -413,12 +446,14 @@ class SysModulesSnapshot(object):
     def restore(self):
         if self.__preserve:
             self.__saved.update(
-                (k, m) for k, m in sys.modules.items() if self.__preserve(k))
+                (k, m) for k, m in sys.modules.items() if self.__preserve(k)
+            )
         sys.modules.clear()
         sys.modules.update(self.__saved)
 
 
 class SysPathsSnapshot(object):
+
     def __init__(self):
         self.__saved = list(sys.path), list(sys.meta_path)
 
@@ -482,6 +517,7 @@ class Testdir(object):
         # `zope.interface` for example
         def preserve_module(name):
             return name.startswith("zope")
+
         return SysModulesSnapshot(preserve=preserve_module)
 
     def make_hook_recorder(self, pluginmanager):
@@ -499,7 +535,7 @@ class Testdir(object):
         """
         self.tmpdir.chdir()
 
-    def _makefile(self, ext, args, kwargs, encoding='utf-8'):
+    def _makefile(self, ext, args, kwargs, encoding="utf-8"):
         items = list(kwargs.items())
 
         def to_text(s):
@@ -544,20 +580,20 @@ class Testdir(object):
 
     def makeini(self, source):
         """Write a tox.ini file with 'source' as contents."""
-        return self.makefile('.ini', tox=source)
+        return self.makefile(".ini", tox=source)
 
     def getinicfg(self, source):
         """Return the pytest section from the tox.ini config file."""
         p = self.makeini(source)
-        return py.iniconfig.IniConfig(p)['pytest']
+        return py.iniconfig.IniConfig(p)["pytest"]
 
     def makepyfile(self, *args, **kwargs):
         """Shortcut for .makefile() with a .py extension."""
-        return self._makefile('.py', args, kwargs)
+        return self._makefile(".py", args, kwargs)
 
     def maketxtfile(self, *args, **kwargs):
         """Shortcut for .makefile() with a .txt extension."""
-        return self._makefile('.txt', args, kwargs)
+        return self._makefile(".txt", args, kwargs)
 
     def syspathinsert(self, path=None):
         """Prepend a directory to sys.path, defaults to :py:attr:`tmpdir`.
@@ -612,7 +648,7 @@ class Testdir(object):
 
         """
         session = Session(config)
-        assert '::' not in str(arg)
+        assert "::" not in str(arg)
         p = py.path.local(arg)
         config.hook.pytest_sessionstart(session=session)
         res = session.perform_collect([str(p)], genitems=False)[0]
@@ -722,6 +758,7 @@ class Testdir(object):
 
             def revert_warn_already_imported():
                 AssertionRewritingHook._warn_already_imported = orig_warn
+
             finalizers.append(revert_warn_already_imported)
             AssertionRewritingHook._warn_already_imported = lambda *a: None
 
@@ -741,6 +778,7 @@ class Testdir(object):
             rec = []
 
             class Collect(object):
+
                 def pytest_configure(x, config):
                     rec.append(self.make_hook_recorder(config.pluginmanager))
 
@@ -750,8 +788,10 @@ class Testdir(object):
             if len(rec) == 1:
                 reprec = rec.pop()
             else:
+
                 class reprec(object):
                     pass
+
             reprec.ret = ret
 
             # typically we reraise keyboard interrupts from the child run
@@ -788,15 +828,14 @@ class Testdir(object):
 
                 class reprec(object):
                     ret = 3
+
         finally:
             out, err = capture.readouterr()
             capture.stop_capturing()
             sys.stdout.write(out)
             sys.stderr.write(err)
 
-        res = RunResult(reprec.ret,
-                        out.split("\n"), err.split("\n"),
-                        time.time() - now)
+        res = RunResult(reprec.ret, out.split("\n"), err.split("\n"), time.time() - now)
         res.reprec = reprec
         return res
 
@@ -811,11 +850,11 @@ class Testdir(object):
     def _ensure_basetemp(self, args):
         args = [str(x) for x in args]
         for x in args:
-            if str(x).startswith('--basetemp'):
+            if str(x).startswith("--basetemp"):
                 # print("basedtemp exists: %s" %(args,))
                 break
         else:
-            args.append("--basetemp=%s" % self.tmpdir.dirpath('basetemp'))
+            args.append("--basetemp=%s" % self.tmpdir.dirpath("basetemp"))
             # print("added basetemp: %s" %(args,))
         return args
 
@@ -834,6 +873,7 @@ class Testdir(object):
         args = self._ensure_basetemp(args)
 
         import _pytest.config
+
         config = _pytest.config._prepareconfig(args, self.plugins)
         # we don't know what the test will do with this half-setup config
         # object and thus we make sure it gets unconfigured properly in any
@@ -870,8 +910,9 @@ class Testdir(object):
         for item in items:
             if item.name == funcname:
                 return item
-        assert 0, "%r item not found in module:\n%s\nitems: %s" % (
-                  funcname, source, items)
+        assert 0, (
+            "%r item not found in module:\n%s\nitems: %s" % (funcname, source, items)
+        )
 
     def getitems(self, source):
         """Return all test items collected from the module.
@@ -935,11 +976,14 @@ class Testdir(object):
 
         """
         env = os.environ.copy()
-        env['PYTHONPATH'] = os.pathsep.join(filter(None, [
-            str(os.getcwd()), env.get('PYTHONPATH', '')]))
-        kw['env'] = env
+        env["PYTHONPATH"] = os.pathsep.join(
+            filter(None, [str(os.getcwd()), env.get("PYTHONPATH", "")])
+        )
+        kw["env"] = env
 
-        popen = subprocess.Popen(cmdargs, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=stdout, stderr=stderr, **kw)
+        popen = subprocess.Popen(
+            cmdargs, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=stdout, stderr=stderr, **kw
+        )
         popen.stdin.close()
 
         return popen
@@ -958,14 +1002,15 @@ class Testdir(object):
         cmdargs = [str(x) for x in cmdargs]
         p1 = self.tmpdir.join("stdout")
         p2 = self.tmpdir.join("stderr")
-        print("running:", ' '.join(cmdargs))
+        print("running:", " ".join(cmdargs))
         print("     in:", str(py.path.local()))
         f1 = codecs.open(str(p1), "w", encoding="utf8")
         f2 = codecs.open(str(p2), "w", encoding="utf8")
         try:
             now = time.time()
-            popen = self.popen(cmdargs, stdout=f1, stderr=f2,
-                               close_fds=(sys.platform != "win32"))
+            popen = self.popen(
+                cmdargs, stdout=f1, stderr=f2, close_fds=(sys.platform != "win32")
+            )
             ret = popen.wait()
         finally:
             f1.close()
@@ -992,7 +1037,7 @@ class Testdir(object):
     def _getpytestargs(self):
         # we cannot use `(sys.executable, script)` because on Windows the
         # script is e.g. `pytest.exe`
-        return (sys.executable, PYTEST_FULLPATH) # noqa
+        return (sys.executable, PYTEST_FULLPATH)  # noqa
 
     def runpython(self, script):
         """Run a python script using sys.executable as interpreter.
@@ -1018,12 +1063,13 @@ class Testdir(object):
         Returns a :py:class:`RunResult`.
 
         """
-        p = py.path.local.make_numbered_dir(prefix="runpytest-",
-                                            keep=None, rootdir=self.tmpdir)
-        args = ('--basetemp=%s' % p,) + args
+        p = py.path.local.make_numbered_dir(
+            prefix="runpytest-", keep=None, rootdir=self.tmpdir
+        )
+        args = ("--basetemp=%s" % p,) + args
         plugins = [x for x in self.plugins if isinstance(x, str)]
         if plugins:
-            args = ('-p', plugins[0]) + args
+            args = ("-p", plugins[0]) + args
         args = self._getpytestargs() + args
         return self.run(*args)
 
@@ -1048,7 +1094,7 @@ class Testdir(object):
 
         """
         pexpect = pytest.importorskip("pexpect", "3.0")
-        if hasattr(sys, 'pypy_version_info') and '64' in platform.machine():
+        if hasattr(sys, "pypy_version_info") and "64" in platform.machine():
             pytest.skip("pypy-64 bit not supported")
         if sys.platform.startswith("freebsd"):
             pytest.xfail("pexpect does not work reliably on freebsd")
@@ -1064,10 +1110,12 @@ def getdecoded(out):
         return out.decode("utf-8")
     except UnicodeDecodeError:
         return "INTERNAL not-utf8-decodeable, truncated string:\n%s" % (
-            py.io.saferepr(out),)
+            py.io.saferepr(out),
+        )
 
 
 class LineComp(object):
+
     def __init__(self):
         self.stringio = py.io.TextIO()
 
@@ -1158,11 +1206,11 @@ class LineMatcher(object):
         raise ValueError("line %r not found in output" % fnline)
 
     def _log(self, *args):
-        self._log_output.append(' '.join((str(x) for x in args)))
+        self._log_output.append(" ".join((str(x) for x in args)))
 
     @property
     def _log_text(self):
-        return '\n'.join(self._log_output)
+        return "\n".join(self._log_output)
 
     def fnmatch_lines(self, lines2):
         """Search captured text for matching lines using ``fnmatch.fnmatch``.
@@ -1172,7 +1220,7 @@ class LineMatcher(object):
         matches and non-matches are also printed on stdout.
 
         """
-        self._match_lines(lines2, fnmatch, 'fnmatch')
+        self._match_lines(lines2, fnmatch, "fnmatch")
 
     def re_match_lines(self, lines2):
         """Search captured text for matching lines using ``re.match``.
@@ -1183,7 +1231,7 @@ class LineMatcher(object):
         The matches and non-matches are also printed on stdout.
 
         """
-        self._match_lines(lines2, lambda name, pat: re.match(pat, name), 're.match')
+        self._match_lines(lines2, lambda name, pat: re.match(pat, name), "re.match")
 
     def _match_lines(self, lines2, match_func, match_nickname):
         """Underlying implementation of ``fnmatch_lines`` and ``re_match_lines``.

_pytest/python.py

@@ -22,10 +22,21 @@ from _pytest import fixtures
 from _pytest import nodes
 from _pytest import deprecated
 from _pytest.compat import (
-    isclass, isfunction, is_generator, ascii_escaped,
-    REGEX_TYPE, STRING_TYPES, NoneType, NOTSET,
-    get_real_func, getfslineno, safe_getattr,
-    safe_str, getlocation, enum, get_default_arg_names
+    isclass,
+    isfunction,
+    is_generator,
+    ascii_escaped,
+    REGEX_TYPE,
+    STRING_TYPES,
+    NoneType,
+    NOTSET,
+    get_real_func,
+    getfslineno,
+    safe_getattr,
+    safe_str,
+    getlocation,
+    enum,
+    get_default_arg_names,
 )
 from _pytest.outcomes import fail
 from _pytest.mark.structures import transfer_markers, get_unpacked_marks
@@ -37,7 +48,7 @@ from _pytest.mark.structures import transfer_markers, get_unpacked_marks
 # for better maintenance
 _pluggy_dir = py.path.local(pluggy.__file__.rstrip("oc"))
 # pluggy is either a package or a single module depending on the version
-if _pluggy_dir.basename == '__init__.py':
+if _pluggy_dir.basename == "__init__.py":
     _pluggy_dir = _pluggy_dir.dirpath()
 _pytest_dir = py.path.local(_pytest.__file__).dirpath()
 _py_dir = py.path.local(py.__file__).dirpath()
@@ -52,53 +63,81 @@ def filter_traceback(entry):
     # points to dynamically generated code
     # see https://bitbucket.org/pytest-dev/py/issues/71
     raw_filename = entry.frame.code.raw.co_filename
-    is_generated = '<' in raw_filename and '>' in raw_filename
+    is_generated = "<" in raw_filename and ">" in raw_filename
     if is_generated:
         return False
     # entry.path might point to a non-existing file, in which case it will
     # also return a str object. see #1133
     p = py.path.local(entry.path)
-    return not p.relto(_pluggy_dir) and not p.relto(_pytest_dir) and not p.relto(_py_dir)
+    return not p.relto(_pluggy_dir) and not p.relto(_pytest_dir) and not p.relto(
+        _py_dir
+    )
 
 
 def pyobj_property(name):
+
     def get(self):
-        node = self.getparent(getattr(__import__('pytest'), name))
+        node = self.getparent(getattr(__import__("pytest"), name))
         if node is not None:
             return node.obj
+
     doc = "python %s object this node was collected from (can be None)." % (
-          name.lower(),)
+        name.lower(),
+    )
     return property(get, None, None, doc)
 
 
 def pytest_addoption(parser):
     group = parser.getgroup("general")
-    group.addoption('--fixtures', '--funcargs',
-                    action="store_true", dest="showfixtures", default=False,
-                    help="show available fixtures, sorted by plugin appearance "
-                    "(fixtures with leading '_' are only shown with '-v')")
     group.addoption(
-        '--fixtures-per-test',
+        "--fixtures",
+        "--funcargs",
+        action="store_true",
+        dest="showfixtures",
+        default=False,
+        help="show available fixtures, sorted by plugin appearance "
+        "(fixtures with leading '_' are only shown with '-v')",
+    )
+    group.addoption(
+        "--fixtures-per-test",
         action="store_true",
         dest="show_fixtures_per_test",
         default=False,
         help="show fixtures per test",
     )
-    parser.addini("usefixtures", type="args", default=[],
-                  help="list of default fixtures to be used with this project")
-    parser.addini("python_files", type="args",
-                  default=['test_*.py', '*_test.py'],
-                  help="glob-style file patterns for Python test module discovery")
-    parser.addini("python_classes", type="args", default=["Test", ],
-                  help="prefixes or glob names for Python test class discovery")
-    parser.addini("python_functions", type="args", default=["test", ],
-                  help="prefixes or glob names for Python test function and "
-                  "method discovery")
+    parser.addini(
+        "usefixtures",
+        type="args",
+        default=[],
+        help="list of default fixtures to be used with this project",
+    )
+    parser.addini(
+        "python_files",
+        type="args",
+        default=["test_*.py", "*_test.py"],
+        help="glob-style file patterns for Python test module discovery",
+    )
+    parser.addini(
+        "python_classes",
+        type="args",
+        default=["Test"],
+        help="prefixes or glob names for Python test class discovery",
+    )
+    parser.addini(
+        "python_functions",
+        type="args",
+        default=["test"],
+        help="prefixes or glob names for Python test function and " "method discovery",
+    )
 
-    group.addoption("--import-mode", default="prepend",
-                    choices=["prepend", "append"], dest="importmode",
-                    help="prepend/append to sys.path when importing test modules, "
-                    "default is to prepend.")
+    group.addoption(
+        "--import-mode",
+        default="prepend",
+        choices=["prepend", "append"],
+        dest="importmode",
+        help="prepend/append to sys.path when importing test modules, "
+        "default is to prepend.",
+    )
 
 
 def pytest_cmdline_main(config):
@@ -113,30 +152,32 @@ def pytest_cmdline_main(config):
 def pytest_generate_tests(metafunc):
     # those alternative spellings are common - raise a specific error to alert
     # the user
-    alt_spellings = ['parameterize', 'parametrise', 'parameterise']
+    alt_spellings = ["parameterize", "parametrise", "parameterise"]
     for attr in alt_spellings:
         if hasattr(metafunc.function, attr):
             msg = "{0} has '{1}', spelling should be 'parametrize'"
             raise MarkerError(msg.format(metafunc.function.__name__, attr))
-    for marker in metafunc.definition.iter_markers(name='parametrize'):
+    for marker in metafunc.definition.iter_markers(name="parametrize"):
         metafunc.parametrize(*marker.args, **marker.kwargs)
 
 
 def pytest_configure(config):
-    config.addinivalue_line("markers",
-                            "parametrize(argnames, argvalues): call a test function multiple "
-                            "times passing in different arguments in turn. argvalues generally "
-                            "needs to be a list of values if argnames specifies only one name "
-                            "or a list of tuples of values if argnames specifies multiple names. "
-                            "Example: @parametrize('arg1', [1,2]) would lead to two calls of the "
-                            "decorated test function, one with arg1=1 and another with arg1=2."
-                            "see http://pytest.org/latest/parametrize.html for more info and "
-                            "examples."
-                            )
-    config.addinivalue_line("markers",
-                            "usefixtures(fixturename1, fixturename2, ...): mark tests as needing "
-                            "all of the specified fixtures. see http://pytest.org/latest/fixture.html#usefixtures "
-                            )
+    config.addinivalue_line(
+        "markers",
+        "parametrize(argnames, argvalues): call a test function multiple "
+        "times passing in different arguments in turn. argvalues generally "
+        "needs to be a list of values if argnames specifies only one name "
+        "or a list of tuples of values if argnames specifies multiple names. "
+        "Example: @parametrize('arg1', [1,2]) would lead to two calls of the "
+        "decorated test function, one with arg1=1 and another with arg1=2."
+        "see http://pytest.org/latest/parametrize.html for more info and "
+        "examples.",
+    )
+    config.addinivalue_line(
+        "markers",
+        "usefixtures(fixturename1, fixturename2, ...): mark tests as needing "
+        "all of the specified fixtures. see http://pytest.org/latest/fixture.html#usefixtures ",
+    )
 
 
 @hookimpl(trylast=True)
@@ -157,7 +198,7 @@ def pytest_collect_file(path, parent):
     ext = path.ext
     if ext == ".py":
         if not parent.session.isinitpath(path):
-            for pat in parent.config.getini('python_files'):
+            for pat in parent.config.getini("python_files"):
                 if path.fnmatch(pat):
                     break
             else:
@@ -188,8 +229,10 @@ def pytest_pycollect_makeitem(collector, name, obj):
         # or a funtools.wrapped.
         # We musn't if it's been wrapped with mock.patch (python 2 only)
         if not (isfunction(obj) or isfunction(get_real_func(obj))):
-            collector.warn(code="C2", message="cannot collect %r because it is not a function."
-                           % name, )
+            collector.warn(
+                code="C2",
+                message="cannot collect %r because it is not a function." % name,
+            )
         elif getattr(obj, "__test__", True):
             if is_generator(obj):
                 res = Generator(name, parent=collector)
@@ -215,8 +258,9 @@ class PyobjMixin(PyobjContext):
         super(PyobjMixin, self).__init__(*k, **kw)
 
     def obj():
+
         def fget(self):
-            obj = getattr(self, '_obj', None)
+            obj = getattr(self, "_obj", None)
             if obj is None:
                 self._obj = obj = self._getobj()
                 # XXX evil hack
@@ -261,7 +305,7 @@ class PyobjMixin(PyobjContext):
     def reportinfo(self):
         # XXX caching?
         obj = self.obj
-        compat_co_firstlineno = getattr(obj, 'compat_co_firstlineno', None)
+        compat_co_firstlineno = getattr(obj, "compat_co_firstlineno", None)
         if isinstance(compat_co_firstlineno, int):
             # nose compatibility
             fspath = sys.modules[obj.__module__].__file__
@@ -278,7 +322,7 @@ class PyobjMixin(PyobjContext):
 class PyCollector(PyobjMixin, nodes.Collector):
 
     def funcnamefilter(self, name):
-        return self._matches_prefix_or_glob_option('python_functions', name)
+        return self._matches_prefix_or_glob_option("python_functions", name)
 
     def isnosetest(self, obj):
         """ Look for the __test__ attribute, which is applied by the
@@ -287,25 +331,24 @@ class PyCollector(PyobjMixin, nodes.Collector):
         # We explicitly check for "is True" here to not mistakenly treat
         # classes with a custom __getattr__ returning something truthy (like a
         # function) as test classes.
-        return safe_getattr(obj, '__test__', False) is True
+        return safe_getattr(obj, "__test__", False) is True
 
     def classnamefilter(self, name):
-        return self._matches_prefix_or_glob_option('python_classes', name)
+        return self._matches_prefix_or_glob_option("python_classes", name)
 
     def istestfunction(self, obj, name):
         if self.funcnamefilter(name) or self.isnosetest(obj):
             if isinstance(obj, staticmethod):
                 # static methods need to be unwrapped
-                obj = safe_getattr(obj, '__func__', False)
+                obj = safe_getattr(obj, "__func__", False)
                 if obj is False:
                     # Python 2.6 wraps in a different way that we won't try to handle
-                    msg = "cannot collect static method %r because " \
-                          "it is not a function (always the case in Python 2.6)"
-                    self.warn(
-                        code="C2", message=msg % name)
+                    msg = "cannot collect static method %r because it is not a function"
+                    self.warn(code="C2", message=msg % name)
                     return False
             return (
-                safe_getattr(obj, "__call__", False) and fixtures.getfixturemarker(obj) is None
+                safe_getattr(obj, "__call__", False)
+                and fixtures.getfixturemarker(obj) is None
             )
         else:
             return False
@@ -324,8 +367,9 @@ class PyCollector(PyobjMixin, nodes.Collector):
             # check that name looks like a glob-string before calling fnmatch
             # because this is called for every name in each collected module,
             # and fnmatch is somewhat expensive to call
-            elif ('*' in option or '?' in option or '[' in option) and \
-                    fnmatch.fnmatch(name, option):
+            elif ("*" in option or "?" in option or "[" in option) and fnmatch.fnmatch(
+                name, option
+            ):
                 return True
         return False
 
@@ -335,7 +379,7 @@ class PyCollector(PyobjMixin, nodes.Collector):
 
         # NB. we avoid random getattrs and peek in the __dict__ instead
         # (XXX originally introduced from a PyPy need, still true?)
-        dicts = [getattr(self.obj, '__dict__', {})]
+        dicts = [getattr(self.obj, "__dict__", {})]
         for basecls in inspect.getmro(self.obj.__class__):
             dicts.append(basecls.__dict__)
         seen = {}
@@ -360,8 +404,7 @@ class PyCollector(PyobjMixin, nodes.Collector):
 
     def _makeitem(self, name, obj):
         # assert self.ihook.fspath == self.fspath, self
-        return self.ihook.pytest_pycollect_makeitem(
-            collector=self, name=name, obj=obj)
+        return self.ihook.pytest_pycollect_makeitem(collector=self, name=name, obj=obj)
 
     def _genfunctions(self, name, funcobj):
         module = self.getparent(Module).obj
@@ -370,22 +413,21 @@ class PyCollector(PyobjMixin, nodes.Collector):
         transfer_markers(funcobj, cls, module)
         fm = self.session._fixturemanager
 
-        definition = FunctionDefinition(
-            name=name,
-            parent=self,
-            callobj=funcobj,
-        )
+        definition = FunctionDefinition(name=name, parent=self, callobj=funcobj)
         fixtureinfo = fm.getfixtureinfo(definition, funcobj, cls)
 
-        metafunc = Metafunc(definition, fixtureinfo, self.config, cls=cls, module=module)
+        metafunc = Metafunc(
+            definition, fixtureinfo, self.config, cls=cls, module=module
+        )
         methods = []
         if hasattr(module, "pytest_generate_tests"):
             methods.append(module.pytest_generate_tests)
         if hasattr(cls, "pytest_generate_tests"):
             methods.append(cls().pytest_generate_tests)
         if methods:
-            self.ihook.pytest_generate_tests.call_extra(methods,
-                                                        dict(metafunc=metafunc))
+            self.ihook.pytest_generate_tests.call_extra(
+                methods, dict(metafunc=metafunc)
+            )
         else:
             self.ihook.pytest_generate_tests(metafunc=metafunc)
 
@@ -398,12 +440,15 @@ class PyCollector(PyobjMixin, nodes.Collector):
 
             for callspec in metafunc._calls:
                 subname = "%s[%s]" % (name, callspec.id)
-                yield Function(name=subname, parent=self,
-                               callspec=callspec, callobj=funcobj,
-                               fixtureinfo=fixtureinfo,
-                               keywords={callspec.id: True},
-                               originalname=name,
-                               )
+                yield Function(
+                    name=subname,
+                    parent=self,
+                    callspec=callspec,
+                    callobj=funcobj,
+                    fixtureinfo=fixtureinfo,
+                    keywords={callspec.id: True},
+                    originalname=name,
+                )
 
 
 class Module(nodes.File, PyCollector):
@@ -423,7 +468,8 @@ class Module(nodes.File, PyCollector):
             mod = self.fspath.pyimport(ensuresyspath=importmode)
         except SyntaxError:
             raise self.CollectError(
-                _pytest._code.ExceptionInfo().getrepr(style="short"))
+                _pytest._code.ExceptionInfo().getrepr(style="short")
+            )
         except self.fspath.ImportMismatchError:
             e = sys.exc_info()[1]
             raise self.CollectError(
@@ -433,15 +479,17 @@ class Module(nodes.File, PyCollector):
                 "which is not the same as the test file we want to collect:\n"
                 "  %s\n"
                 "HINT: remove __pycache__ / .pyc files and/or use a "
-                "unique basename for your test file modules"
-                % e.args
+                "unique basename for your test file modules" % e.args
             )
         except ImportError:
             from _pytest._code.code import ExceptionInfo
+
             exc_info = ExceptionInfo()
-            if self.config.getoption('verbose') < 2:
+            if self.config.getoption("verbose") < 2:
                 exc_info.traceback = exc_info.traceback.filter(filter_traceback)
-            exc_repr = exc_info.getrepr(style='short') if exc_info.traceback else exc_info.exconly()
+            exc_repr = exc_info.getrepr(
+                style="short"
+            ) if exc_info.traceback else exc_info.exconly()
             formatted_tb = safe_str(exc_repr)
             raise self.CollectError(
                 "ImportError while importing test module '{fspath}'.\n"
@@ -468,9 +516,9 @@ class Module(nodes.File, PyCollector):
         if setup_module is not None:
             setup_module()
 
-        teardown_module = _get_xunit_setup_teardown(self.obj, 'tearDownModule')
+        teardown_module = _get_xunit_setup_teardown(self.obj, "tearDownModule")
         if teardown_module is None:
-            teardown_module = _get_xunit_setup_teardown(self.obj, 'teardown_module')
+            teardown_module = _get_xunit_setup_teardown(self.obj, "teardown_module")
         if teardown_module is not None:
             self.addfinalizer(teardown_module)
 
@@ -512,26 +560,32 @@ class Class(PyCollector):
         if not safe_getattr(self.obj, "__test__", True):
             return []
         if hasinit(self.obj):
-            self.warn("C1", "cannot collect test class %r because it has a "
-                      "__init__ constructor" % self.obj.__name__)
+            self.warn(
+                "C1",
+                "cannot collect test class %r because it has a "
+                "__init__ constructor" % self.obj.__name__,
+            )
             return []
         elif hasnew(self.obj):
-            self.warn("C1", "cannot collect test class %r because it has a "
-                            "__new__ constructor" % self.obj.__name__)
+            self.warn(
+                "C1",
+                "cannot collect test class %r because it has a "
+                "__new__ constructor" % self.obj.__name__,
+            )
             return []
         return [self._getcustomclass("Instance")(name="()", parent=self)]
 
     def setup(self):
-        setup_class = _get_xunit_func(self.obj, 'setup_class')
+        setup_class = _get_xunit_func(self.obj, "setup_class")
         if setup_class is not None:
-            setup_class = getattr(setup_class, 'im_func', setup_class)
-            setup_class = getattr(setup_class, '__func__', setup_class)
+            setup_class = getattr(setup_class, "im_func", setup_class)
+            setup_class = getattr(setup_class, "__func__", setup_class)
             setup_class(self.obj)
 
-        fin_class = getattr(self.obj, 'teardown_class', None)
+        fin_class = getattr(self.obj, "teardown_class", None)
         if fin_class is not None:
-            fin_class = getattr(fin_class, 'im_func', fin_class)
-            fin_class = getattr(fin_class, '__func__', fin_class)
+            fin_class = getattr(fin_class, "im_func", fin_class)
+            fin_class = getattr(fin_class, "__func__", fin_class)
             self.addfinalizer(lambda: fin_class(self.obj))
 
 
@@ -559,7 +613,7 @@ class FunctionMixin(PyobjMixin):
 
     def setup(self):
         """ perform setup for this test function. """
-        if hasattr(self, '_preservedparent'):
+        if hasattr(self, "_preservedparent"):
             obj = self._preservedparent
         elif isinstance(self.parent, Instance):
             obj = self.parent.newinstance()
@@ -567,20 +621,24 @@ class FunctionMixin(PyobjMixin):
         else:
             obj = self.parent.obj
         if inspect.ismethod(self.obj):
-            setup_name = 'setup_method'
-            teardown_name = 'teardown_method'
+            setup_name = "setup_method"
+            teardown_name = "teardown_method"
         else:
-            setup_name = 'setup_function'
-            teardown_name = 'teardown_function'
-        setup_func_or_method = _get_xunit_setup_teardown(obj, setup_name, param_obj=self.obj)
+            setup_name = "setup_function"
+            teardown_name = "teardown_function"
+        setup_func_or_method = _get_xunit_setup_teardown(
+            obj, setup_name, param_obj=self.obj
+        )
         if setup_func_or_method is not None:
             setup_func_or_method()
-        teardown_func_or_method = _get_xunit_setup_teardown(obj, teardown_name, param_obj=self.obj)
+        teardown_func_or_method = _get_xunit_setup_teardown(
+            obj, teardown_name, param_obj=self.obj
+        )
         if teardown_func_or_method is not None:
             self.addfinalizer(teardown_func_or_method)
 
     def _prunetraceback(self, excinfo):
-        if hasattr(self, '_obj') and not self.config.option.fulltrace:
+        if hasattr(self, "_obj") and not self.config.option.fulltrace:
             code = _pytest._code.Code(get_real_func(self.obj))
             path, firstlineno = code.path, code.firstlineno
             traceback = excinfo.traceback
@@ -598,14 +656,13 @@ class FunctionMixin(PyobjMixin):
             if self.config.option.tbstyle == "auto":
                 if len(excinfo.traceback) > 2:
                     for entry in excinfo.traceback[1:-1]:
-                        entry.set_repr_style('short')
+                        entry.set_repr_style("short")
 
     def _repr_failure_py(self, excinfo, style="long"):
         if excinfo.errisinstance(fail.Exception):
             if not excinfo.value.pytrace:
                 return py._builtin._totext(excinfo.value)
-        return super(FunctionMixin, self)._repr_failure_py(excinfo,
-                                                           style=style)
+        return super(FunctionMixin, self)._repr_failure_py(excinfo, style=style)
 
     def repr_failure(self, excinfo, outerr=None):
         assert outerr is None, "XXX outerr usage is deprecated"
@@ -616,11 +673,13 @@ class FunctionMixin(PyobjMixin):
 
 
 class Generator(FunctionMixin, PyCollector):
+
     def collect(self):
         # test generators are seen as collectors but they also
         # invoke setup/teardown on popular request
         # (induced by the common "test_*" naming shared with normal tests)
         from _pytest import deprecated
+
         self.session._setupstate.prepare(self)
         # see FunctionMixin.setup and test_setupstate_is_preserved_134
         self._preservedparent = self.parent.obj
@@ -629,16 +688,18 @@ class Generator(FunctionMixin, PyCollector):
         for i, x in enumerate(self.obj()):
             name, call, args = self.getcallargs(x)
             if not callable(call):
-                raise TypeError("%r yielded non callable test %r" % (self.obj, call,))
+                raise TypeError("%r yielded non callable test %r" % (self.obj, call))
             if name is None:
                 name = "[%d]" % i
             else:
                 name = "['%s']" % name
             if name in seen:
-                raise ValueError("%r generated tests with non-unique name %r" % (self, name))
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "%r generated tests with non-unique name %r" % (self, name)
+                )
             seen[name] = True
             values.append(self.Function(name, self, args=args, callobj=call))
-        self.warn('C1', deprecated.YIELD_TESTS)
+        self.warn("C1", deprecated.YIELD_TESTS)
         return values
 
     def getcallargs(self, obj):
@@ -655,18 +716,19 @@ class Generator(FunctionMixin, PyCollector):
 
 
 def hasinit(obj):
-    init = getattr(obj, '__init__', None)
+    init = getattr(obj, "__init__", None)
     if init:
         return init != object.__init__
 
 
 def hasnew(obj):
-    new = getattr(obj, '__new__', None)
+    new = getattr(obj, "__new__", None)
     if new:
         return new != object.__new__
 
 
 class CallSpec2(object):
+
     def __init__(self, metafunc):
         self.metafunc = metafunc
         self.funcargs = {}
@@ -708,8 +770,7 @@ class CallSpec2(object):
     def id(self):
         return "-".join(map(str, filter(None, self._idlist)))
 
-    def setmulti2(self, valtypes, argnames, valset, id, marks, scopenum,
-                  param_index):
+    def setmulti2(self, valtypes, argnames, valset, id, marks, scopenum, param_index):
         for arg, val in zip(argnames, valset):
             self._checkargnotcontained(arg)
             valtype_for_arg = valtypes[arg]
@@ -742,7 +803,10 @@ class Metafunc(fixtures.FuncargnamesCompatAttr):
 
     def __init__(self, definition, fixtureinfo, config, cls=None, module=None):
         #: access to the :class:`_pytest.config.Config` object for the test session
-        assert isinstance(definition, FunctionDefinition) or type(definition).__name__ == "DefinitionMock"
+        assert (
+            isinstance(definition, FunctionDefinition)
+            or type(definition).__name__ == "DefinitionMock"
+        )
         self.definition = definition
         self.config = config
 
@@ -762,8 +826,7 @@ class Metafunc(fixtures.FuncargnamesCompatAttr):
         self._ids = set()
         self._arg2fixturedefs = fixtureinfo.name2fixturedefs
 
-    def parametrize(self, argnames, argvalues, indirect=False, ids=None,
-                    scope=None):
+    def parametrize(self, argnames, argvalues, indirect=False, ids=None, scope=None):
         """ Add new invocations to the underlying test function using the list
         of argvalues for the given argnames.  Parametrization is performed
         during the collection phase.  If you need to setup expensive resources
@@ -806,27 +869,29 @@ class Metafunc(fixtures.FuncargnamesCompatAttr):
         from py.io import saferepr
 
         argnames, parameters = ParameterSet._for_parametrize(
-            argnames, argvalues, self.function, self.config)
+            argnames, argvalues, self.function, self.config
+        )
         del argvalues
         default_arg_names = set(get_default_arg_names(self.function))
 
         if scope is None:
             scope = _find_parametrized_scope(argnames, self._arg2fixturedefs, indirect)
 
-        scopenum = scope2index(scope, descr='call to {0}'.format(self.parametrize))
+        scopenum = scope2index(scope, descr="call to {}".format(self.parametrize))
         valtypes = {}
         for arg in argnames:
             if arg not in self.fixturenames:
                 if arg in default_arg_names:
-                    raise ValueError("%r already takes an argument %r with a default value" % (self.function, arg))
+                    raise ValueError(
+                        "%r already takes an argument %r with a default value"
+                        % (self.function, arg)
+                    )
                 else:
                     if isinstance(indirect, (tuple, list)):
-                        name = 'fixture' if arg in indirect else 'argument'
+                        name = "fixture" if arg in indirect else "argument"
                     else:
-                        name = 'fixture' if indirect else 'argument'
-                    raise ValueError(
-                        "%r uses no %s %r" % (
-                            self.function, name, arg))
+                        name = "fixture" if indirect else "argument"
+                    raise ValueError("%r uses no %s %r" % (self.function, name, arg))
 
         if indirect is True:
             valtypes = dict.fromkeys(argnames, "params")
@@ -836,8 +901,10 @@ class Metafunc(fixtures.FuncargnamesCompatAttr):
             valtypes = dict.fromkeys(argnames, "funcargs")
             for arg in indirect:
                 if arg not in argnames:
-                    raise ValueError("indirect given to %r: fixture %r doesn't exist" % (
-                                     self.function, arg))
+                    raise ValueError(
+                        "indirect given to %r: fixture %r doesn't exist"
+                        % (self.function, arg)
+                    )
                 valtypes[arg] = "params"
         idfn = None
         if callable(ids):
@@ -845,12 +912,15 @@ class Metafunc(fixtures.FuncargnamesCompatAttr):
             ids = None
         if ids:
             if len(ids) != len(parameters):
-                raise ValueError('%d tests specified with %d ids' % (
-                                 len(parameters), len(ids)))
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "%d tests specified with %d ids" % (len(parameters), len(ids))
+                )
             for id_value in ids:
                 if id_value is not None and not isinstance(id_value, six.string_types):
-                    msg = 'ids must be list of strings, found: %s (type: %s)'
-                    raise ValueError(msg % (saferepr(id_value), type(id_value).__name__))
+                    msg = "ids must be list of strings, found: %s (type: %s)"
+                    raise ValueError(
+                        msg % (saferepr(id_value), type(id_value).__name__)
+                    )
         ids = idmaker(argnames, parameters, idfn, ids, self.config)
         newcalls = []
         for callspec in self._calls or [CallSpec2(self)]:
@@ -858,12 +928,21 @@ class Metafunc(fixtures.FuncargnamesCompatAttr):
             for a_id, param, param_index in elements:
                 if len(param.values) != len(argnames):
                     raise ValueError(
-                        'In "parametrize" the number of values ({0}) must be '
-                        'equal to the number of names ({1})'.format(
-                            param.values, argnames))
+                        'In "parametrize" the number of values ({}) must be '
+                        "equal to the number of names ({})".format(
+                            param.values, argnames
+                        )
+                    )
                 newcallspec = callspec.copy(self)
-                newcallspec.setmulti2(valtypes, argnames, param.values, a_id,
-                                      param.marks, scopenum, param_index)
+                newcallspec.setmulti2(
+                    valtypes,
+                    argnames,
+                    param.values,
+                    a_id,
+                    param.marks,
+                    scopenum,
+                    param_index,
+                )
                 newcalls.append(newcallspec)
         self._calls = newcalls
 
@@ -888,7 +967,9 @@ class Metafunc(fixtures.FuncargnamesCompatAttr):
             invocation through the ``request.param`` attribute.
         """
         if self.config:
-            self.config.warn('C1', message=deprecated.METAFUNC_ADD_CALL, fslocation=None)
+            self.config.warn(
+                "C1", message=deprecated.METAFUNC_ADD_CALL, fslocation=None
+            )
         assert funcargs is None or isinstance(funcargs, dict)
         if funcargs is not None:
             for name in funcargs:
@@ -921,9 +1002,11 @@ def _find_parametrized_scope(argnames, arg2fixturedefs, indirect):
     Related to issue #1832, based on code posted by @Kingdread.
     """
     from _pytest.fixtures import scopes
+
     indirect_as_list = isinstance(indirect, (list, tuple))
-    all_arguments_are_fixtures = indirect is True or \
-        indirect_as_list and len(indirect) == argnames
+    all_arguments_are_fixtures = indirect is True or indirect_as_list and len(
+        indirect
+    ) == argnames
     if all_arguments_are_fixtures:
         fixturedefs = arg2fixturedefs or {}
         used_scopes = [fixturedef[0].scope for name, fixturedef in fixturedefs.items()]
@@ -933,7 +1016,7 @@ def _find_parametrized_scope(argnames, arg2fixturedefs, indirect):
                 if scope in used_scopes:
                     return scope
 
-    return 'function'
+    return "function"
 
 
 def _idval(val, argname, idx, idfn, config=None):
@@ -944,15 +1027,19 @@ def _idval(val, argname, idx, idfn, config=None):
         except Exception:
             # See issue https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/2169
             import warnings
-            msg = "Raised while trying to determine id of parameter %s at position %d." % (argname, idx)
-            msg += '\nUpdate your code as this will raise an error in pytest-4.0.'
+
+            msg = "Raised while trying to determine id of parameter %s at position %d." % (
+                argname, idx
+            )
+            msg += "\nUpdate your code as this will raise an error in pytest-4.0."
             warnings.warn(msg, DeprecationWarning)
         if s:
             return ascii_escaped(s)
 
     if config:
         hook_id = config.hook.pytest_make_parametrize_id(
-            config=config, val=val, argname=argname)
+            config=config, val=val, argname=argname
+        )
         if hook_id:
             return hook_id
 
@@ -964,7 +1051,7 @@ def _idval(val, argname, idx, idfn, config=None):
         return ascii_escaped(val.pattern)
     elif enum is not None and isinstance(val, enum.Enum):
         return str(val)
-    elif (isclass(val) or isfunction(val)) and hasattr(val, '__name__'):
+    elif (isclass(val) or isfunction(val)) and hasattr(val, "__name__"):
         return val.__name__
     return str(argname) + str(idx)
 
@@ -973,16 +1060,20 @@ def _idvalset(idx, parameterset, argnames, idfn, ids, config=None):
     if parameterset.id is not None:
         return parameterset.id
     if ids is None or (idx >= len(ids) or ids[idx] is None):
-        this_id = [_idval(val, argname, idx, idfn, config)
-                   for val, argname in zip(parameterset.values, argnames)]
+        this_id = [
+            _idval(val, argname, idx, idfn, config)
+            for val, argname in zip(parameterset.values, argnames)
+        ]
         return "-".join(this_id)
     else:
         return ascii_escaped(ids[idx])
 
 
 def idmaker(argnames, parametersets, idfn=None, ids=None, config=None):
-    ids = [_idvalset(valindex, parameterset, argnames, idfn, ids, config)
-           for valindex, parameterset in enumerate(parametersets)]
+    ids = [
+        _idvalset(valindex, parameterset, argnames, idfn, ids, config)
+        for valindex, parameterset in enumerate(parametersets)
+    ]
     if len(set(ids)) != len(ids):
         # The ids are not unique
         duplicates = [testid for testid in ids if ids.count(testid) > 1]
@@ -996,11 +1087,13 @@ def idmaker(argnames, parametersets, idfn=None, ids=None, config=None):
 
 def show_fixtures_per_test(config):
     from _pytest.main import wrap_session
+
     return wrap_session(config, _show_fixtures_per_test)
 
 
 def _show_fixtures_per_test(config, session):
     import _pytest.config
+
     session.perform_collect()
     curdir = py.path.local()
     tw = _pytest.config.create_terminal_writer(config)
@@ -1016,7 +1109,7 @@ def _show_fixtures_per_test(config, session):
             return
         if verbose > 0:
             bestrel = get_best_relpath(fixture_def.func)
-            funcargspec = "{0} -- {1}".format(argname, bestrel)
+            funcargspec = "{} -- {}".format(argname, bestrel)
         else:
             funcargspec = argname
         tw.line(funcargspec, green=True)
@@ -1024,7 +1117,7 @@ def _show_fixtures_per_test(config, session):
         if fixture_doc:
             write_docstring(tw, fixture_doc)
         else:
-            tw.line('    no docstring available', red=True)
+            tw.line("    no docstring available", red=True)
 
     def write_item(item):
         try:
@@ -1036,8 +1129,8 @@ def _show_fixtures_per_test(config, session):
             # this test item does not use any fixtures
             return
         tw.line()
-        tw.sep('-', 'fixtures used by {0}'.format(item.name))
-        tw.sep('-', '({0})'.format(get_best_relpath(item.function)))
+        tw.sep("-", "fixtures used by {}".format(item.name))
+        tw.sep("-", "({})".format(get_best_relpath(item.function)))
         # dict key not used in loop but needed for sorting
         for _, fixturedefs in sorted(info.name2fixturedefs.items()):
             assert fixturedefs is not None
@@ -1052,11 +1145,13 @@ def _show_fixtures_per_test(config, session):
 
 def showfixtures(config):
     from _pytest.main import wrap_session
+
     return wrap_session(config, _showfixtures_main)
 
 
 def _showfixtures_main(config, session):
     import _pytest.config
+
     session.perform_collect()
     curdir = py.path.local()
     tw = _pytest.config.create_terminal_writer(config)
@@ -1076,10 +1171,15 @@ def _showfixtures_main(config, session):
             if (fixturedef.argname, loc) in seen:
                 continue
             seen.add((fixturedef.argname, loc))
-            available.append((len(fixturedef.baseid),
-                              fixturedef.func.__module__,
-                              curdir.bestrelpath(loc),
-                              fixturedef.argname, fixturedef))
+            available.append(
+                (
+                    len(fixturedef.baseid),
+                    fixturedef.func.__module__,
+                    curdir.bestrelpath(loc),
+                    fixturedef.argname,
+                    fixturedef,
+                )
+            )
 
     available.sort()
     currentmodule = None
@@ -1092,7 +1192,7 @@ def _showfixtures_main(config, session):
         if verbose <= 0 and argname[0] == "_":
             continue
         if verbose > 0:
-            funcargspec = "%s -- %s" % (argname, bestrel,)
+            funcargspec = "%s -- %s" % (argname, bestrel)
         else:
             funcargspec = argname
         tw.line(funcargspec, green=True)
@@ -1101,8 +1201,7 @@ def _showfixtures_main(config, session):
         if doc:
             write_docstring(tw, doc)
         else:
-            tw.line("    %s: no docstring available" % (loc,),
-                    red=True)
+            tw.line("    %s: no docstring available" % (loc,), red=True)
 
 
 def write_docstring(tw, doc):
@@ -1129,11 +1228,20 @@ class Function(FunctionMixin, nodes.Item, fixtures.FuncargnamesCompatAttr):
     # disable since functions handle it themselfes
     _ALLOW_MARKERS = False
 
-    def __init__(self, name, parent, args=None, config=None,
-                 callspec=None, callobj=NOTSET, keywords=None, session=None,
-                 fixtureinfo=None, originalname=None):
-        super(Function, self).__init__(name, parent, config=config,
-                                       session=session)
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        name,
+        parent,
+        args=None,
+        config=None,
+        callspec=None,
+        callobj=NOTSET,
+        keywords=None,
+        session=None,
+        fixtureinfo=None,
+        originalname=None,
+    ):
+        super(Function, self).__init__(name, parent, config=config, session=session)
         self._args = args
         if callobj is not NOTSET:
             self.obj = callobj
@@ -1155,8 +1263,8 @@ class Function(FunctionMixin, nodes.Item, fixtures.FuncargnamesCompatAttr):
 
         if fixtureinfo is None:
             fixtureinfo = self.session._fixturemanager.getfixtureinfo(
-                self, self.obj, self.cls,
-                funcargs=not self._isyieldedfunction())
+                self, self.obj, self.cls, funcargs=not self._isyieldedfunction()
+            )
         self._fixtureinfo = fixtureinfo
         self.fixturenames = fixtureinfo.names_closure
         self._initrequest()
@@ -1170,8 +1278,9 @@ class Function(FunctionMixin, nodes.Item, fixtures.FuncargnamesCompatAttr):
     def _initrequest(self):
         self.funcargs = {}
         if self._isyieldedfunction():
-            assert not hasattr(self, "callspec"), (
-                "yielded functions (deprecated) cannot have funcargs")
+            assert not hasattr(
+                self, "callspec"
+            ), "yielded functions (deprecated) cannot have funcargs"
         else:
             if hasattr(self, "callspec"):
                 callspec = self.callspec
@@ -1184,7 +1293,7 @@ class Function(FunctionMixin, nodes.Item, fixtures.FuncargnamesCompatAttr):
     @property
     def function(self):
         "underlying python 'function' object"
-        return getattr(self.obj, 'im_func', self.obj)
+        return getattr(self.obj, "im_func", self.obj)
 
     def _getobj(self):
         name = self.name

_pytest/python_api.py

@@ -2,14 +2,19 @@ import math
 import sys
 
 import py
-from six import binary_type, text_type
 from six.moves import zip, filterfalse
 from more_itertools.more import always_iterable
 
 from _pytest.compat import isclass
+
+from _pytest.compat import Mapping, Sequence
+from _pytest.compat import STRING_TYPES
+
 from _pytest.outcomes import fail
 import _pytest._code
 
+BASE_TYPE = (type, STRING_TYPES)
+
 
 def _cmp_raises_type_error(self, other):
     """__cmp__ implementation which raises TypeError. Used
@@ -20,7 +25,9 @@ def _cmp_raises_type_error(self, other):
     other operators at all.
     """
     __tracebackhide__ = True
-    raise TypeError('Comparison operators other than == and != not supported by approx objects')
+    raise TypeError(
+        "Comparison operators other than == and != not supported by approx objects"
+    )
 
 
 # builtin pytest.approx helper
@@ -47,8 +54,8 @@ class ApproxBase(object):
 
     def __eq__(self, actual):
         return all(
-            a == self._approx_scalar(x)
-            for a, x in self._yield_comparisons(actual))
+            a == self._approx_scalar(x) for a, x in self._yield_comparisons(actual)
+        )
 
     __hash__ = None
 
@@ -79,8 +86,9 @@ class ApproxNumpy(ApproxBase):
         # shape of the array...
         import numpy as np
 
-        return "approx({0!r})".format(list(
-            self._approx_scalar(x) for x in np.asarray(self.expected)))
+        return "approx({!r})".format(
+            list(self._approx_scalar(x) for x in np.asarray(self.expected))
+        )
 
     if sys.version_info[0] == 2:
         __cmp__ = _cmp_raises_type_error
@@ -94,7 +102,7 @@ class ApproxNumpy(ApproxBase):
             try:
                 actual = np.asarray(actual)
             except:  # noqa
-                raise TypeError("cannot compare '{0}' to numpy.ndarray".format(actual))
+                raise TypeError("cannot compare '{}' to numpy.ndarray".format(actual))
 
         if not np.isscalar(actual) and actual.shape != self.expected.shape:
             return False
@@ -123,9 +131,9 @@ class ApproxMapping(ApproxBase):
     """
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        return "approx({0!r})".format(dict(
-            (k, self._approx_scalar(v))
-            for k, v in self.expected.items()))
+        return "approx({!r})".format(
+            {k: self._approx_scalar(v) for k, v in self.expected.items()}
+        )
 
     def __eq__(self, actual):
         if set(actual.keys()) != set(self.expected.keys()):
@@ -147,8 +155,9 @@ class ApproxSequence(ApproxBase):
         seq_type = type(self.expected)
         if seq_type not in (tuple, list, set):
             seq_type = list
-        return "approx({0!r})".format(seq_type(
-            self._approx_scalar(x) for x in self.expected))
+        return "approx({!r})".format(
+            seq_type(self._approx_scalar(x) for x in self.expected)
+        )
 
     def __eq__(self, actual):
         if len(actual) != len(self.expected):
@@ -184,14 +193,14 @@ class ApproxScalar(ApproxBase):
         # If a sensible tolerance can't be calculated, self.tolerance will
         # raise a ValueError.  In this case, display '???'.
         try:
-            vetted_tolerance = '{:.1e}'.format(self.tolerance)
+            vetted_tolerance = "{:.1e}".format(self.tolerance)
         except ValueError:
-            vetted_tolerance = '???'
+            vetted_tolerance = "???"
 
         if sys.version_info[0] == 2:
-            return '{0} +- {1}'.format(self.expected, vetted_tolerance)
+            return "{} +- {}".format(self.expected, vetted_tolerance)
         else:
-            return u'{0} \u00b1 {1}'.format(self.expected, vetted_tolerance)
+            return u"{} \u00b1 {}".format(self.expected, vetted_tolerance)
 
     def __eq__(self, actual):
         """
@@ -232,6 +241,7 @@ class ApproxScalar(ApproxBase):
         absolute tolerance or a relative tolerance, depending on what the user
         specified or which would be larger.
         """
+
         def set_default(x, default):
             return x if x is not None else default
 
@@ -240,7 +250,9 @@ class ApproxScalar(ApproxBase):
         absolute_tolerance = set_default(self.abs, self.DEFAULT_ABSOLUTE_TOLERANCE)
 
         if absolute_tolerance < 0:
-            raise ValueError("absolute tolerance can't be negative: {}".format(absolute_tolerance))
+            raise ValueError(
+                "absolute tolerance can't be negative: {}".format(absolute_tolerance)
+            )
         if math.isnan(absolute_tolerance):
             raise ValueError("absolute tolerance can't be NaN.")
 
@@ -255,10 +267,16 @@ class ApproxScalar(ApproxBase):
         # we've made sure the user didn't ask for an absolute tolerance only,
         # because we don't want to raise errors about the relative tolerance if
         # we aren't even going to use it.
-        relative_tolerance = set_default(self.rel, self.DEFAULT_RELATIVE_TOLERANCE) * abs(self.expected)
+        relative_tolerance = set_default(
+            self.rel, self.DEFAULT_RELATIVE_TOLERANCE
+        ) * abs(
+            self.expected
+        )
 
         if relative_tolerance < 0:
-            raise ValueError("relative tolerance can't be negative: {}".format(absolute_tolerance))
+            raise ValueError(
+                "relative tolerance can't be negative: {}".format(absolute_tolerance)
+            )
         if math.isnan(relative_tolerance):
             raise ValueError("relative tolerance can't be NaN.")
 
@@ -269,8 +287,8 @@ class ApproxScalar(ApproxBase):
 class ApproxDecimal(ApproxScalar):
     from decimal import Decimal
 
-    DEFAULT_ABSOLUTE_TOLERANCE = Decimal('1e-12')
-    DEFAULT_RELATIVE_TOLERANCE = Decimal('1e-6')
+    DEFAULT_ABSOLUTE_TOLERANCE = Decimal("1e-12")
+    DEFAULT_RELATIVE_TOLERANCE = Decimal("1e-6")
 
 
 def approx(expected, rel=None, abs=None, nan_ok=False):
@@ -426,8 +444,6 @@ def approx(expected, rel=None, abs=None, nan_ok=False):
        __ https://docs.python.org/3/reference/datamodel.html#object.__ge__
     """
 
-    from _pytest.compat import Mapping, Sequence
-    from _pytest.compat import STRING_TYPES as String
     from decimal import Decimal
 
     # Delegate the comparison to a class that knows how to deal with the type
@@ -448,7 +464,7 @@ def approx(expected, rel=None, abs=None, nan_ok=False):
         cls = ApproxNumpy
     elif isinstance(expected, Mapping):
         cls = ApproxMapping
-    elif isinstance(expected, Sequence) and not isinstance(expected, String):
+    elif isinstance(expected, Sequence) and not isinstance(expected, STRING_TYPES):
         cls = ApproxSequence
     elif isinstance(expected, Decimal):
         cls = ApproxDecimal
@@ -466,9 +482,10 @@ def _is_numpy_array(obj):
     import inspect
 
     for cls in inspect.getmro(type(obj)):
-        if cls.__module__ == 'numpy':
+        if cls.__module__ == "numpy":
             try:
                 import numpy as np
+
                 return isinstance(obj, np.ndarray)
             except ImportError:
                 pass
@@ -478,6 +495,7 @@ def _is_numpy_array(obj):
 
 # builtin pytest.raises helper
 
+
 def raises(expected_exception, *args, **kwargs):
     """
     Assert that a code block/function call raises ``expected_exception``
@@ -585,13 +603,14 @@ def raises(expected_exception, *args, **kwargs):
 
     """
     __tracebackhide__ = True
-    base_type = (type, text_type, binary_type)
-    for exc in filterfalse(isclass, always_iterable(expected_exception, base_type)):
-        msg = ("exceptions must be old-style classes or"
-               " derived from BaseException, not %s")
+    for exc in filterfalse(isclass, always_iterable(expected_exception, BASE_TYPE)):
+        msg = (
+            "exceptions must be old-style classes or"
+            " derived from BaseException, not %s"
+        )
         raise TypeError(msg % type(exc))
 
-    message = "DID NOT RAISE {0}".format(expected_exception)
+    message = "DID NOT RAISE {}".format(expected_exception)
     match_expr = None
 
     if not args:
@@ -600,8 +619,8 @@ def raises(expected_exception, *args, **kwargs):
         if "match" in kwargs:
             match_expr = kwargs.pop("match")
         if kwargs:
-            msg = 'Unexpected keyword arguments passed to pytest.raises: '
-            msg += ', '.join(kwargs.keys())
+            msg = "Unexpected keyword arguments passed to pytest.raises: "
+            msg += ", ".join(kwargs.keys())
             raise TypeError(msg)
         return RaisesContext(expected_exception, message, match_expr)
     elif isinstance(args[0], str):
@@ -631,6 +650,7 @@ raises.Exception = fail.Exception
 
 
 class RaisesContext(object):
+
     def __init__(self, expected_exception, message, match_expr):
         self.expected_exception = expected_exception
         self.message = message

_pytest/recwarn.py

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ def recwarn():
     """
     wrec = WarningsRecorder()
     with wrec:
-        warnings.simplefilter('default')
+        warnings.simplefilter("default")
         yield wrec
 
 
@@ -76,7 +76,9 @@ class _DeprecatedCallContext(object):
 
         if exc_type is None:
             deprecation_categories = (DeprecationWarning, PendingDeprecationWarning)
-            if not any(issubclass(c, deprecation_categories) for c in self._captured_categories):
+            if not any(
+                issubclass(c, deprecation_categories) for c in self._captured_categories
+            ):
                 __tracebackhide__ = True
                 msg = "Did not produce DeprecationWarning or PendingDeprecationWarning"
                 raise AssertionError(msg)
@@ -180,7 +182,7 @@ class WarningsRecorder(warnings.catch_warnings):
             __tracebackhide__ = True
             raise RuntimeError("Cannot enter %r twice" % self)
         self._list = super(WarningsRecorder, self).__enter__()
-        warnings.simplefilter('always')
+        warnings.simplefilter("always")
         return self
 
     def __exit__(self, *exc_info):
@@ -191,11 +193,13 @@ class WarningsRecorder(warnings.catch_warnings):
 
 
 class WarningsChecker(WarningsRecorder):
+
     def __init__(self, expected_warning=None, match_expr=None):
         super(WarningsChecker, self).__init__()
 
-        msg = ("exceptions must be old-style classes or "
-               "derived from Warning, not %s")
+        msg = (
+            "exceptions must be old-style classes or " "derived from Warning, not %s"
+        )
         if isinstance(expected_warning, tuple):
             for exc in expected_warning:
                 if not inspect.isclass(exc):
@@ -214,20 +218,26 @@ class WarningsChecker(WarningsRecorder):
         # only check if we're not currently handling an exception
         if all(a is None for a in exc_info):
             if self.expected_warning is not None:
-                if not any(issubclass(r.category, self.expected_warning)
-                           for r in self):
+                if not any(issubclass(r.category, self.expected_warning) for r in self):
                     __tracebackhide__ = True
-                    fail("DID NOT WARN. No warnings of type {0} was emitted. "
-                         "The list of emitted warnings is: {1}.".format(
-                             self.expected_warning,
-                             [each.message for each in self]))
+                    fail(
+                        "DID NOT WARN. No warnings of type {} was emitted. "
+                        "The list of emitted warnings is: {}.".format(
+                            self.expected_warning, [each.message for each in self]
+                        )
+                    )
                 elif self.match_expr is not None:
                     for r in self:
                         if issubclass(r.category, self.expected_warning):
                             if re.compile(self.match_expr).search(str(r.message)):
                                 break
                     else:
-                        fail("DID NOT WARN. No warnings of type {0} matching"
-                             " ('{1}') was emitted. The list of emitted warnings"
-                             " is: {2}.".format(self.expected_warning, self.match_expr,
-                                                [each.message for each in self]))
+                        fail(
+                            "DID NOT WARN. No warnings of type {} matching"
+                            " ('{}') was emitted. The list of emitted warnings"
+                            " is: {}.".format(
+                                self.expected_warning,
+                                self.match_expr,
+                                [each.message for each in self],
+                            )
+                        )

_pytest/resultlog.py

@@ -9,28 +9,34 @@ import os
 
 def pytest_addoption(parser):
     group = parser.getgroup("terminal reporting", "resultlog plugin options")
-    group.addoption('--resultlog', '--result-log', action="store",
-                    metavar="path", default=None,
-                    help="DEPRECATED path for machine-readable result log.")
+    group.addoption(
+        "--resultlog",
+        "--result-log",
+        action="store",
+        metavar="path",
+        default=None,
+        help="DEPRECATED path for machine-readable result log.",
+    )
 
 
 def pytest_configure(config):
     resultlog = config.option.resultlog
     # prevent opening resultlog on slave nodes (xdist)
-    if resultlog and not hasattr(config, 'slaveinput'):
+    if resultlog and not hasattr(config, "slaveinput"):
         dirname = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(resultlog))
         if not os.path.isdir(dirname):
             os.makedirs(dirname)
-        logfile = open(resultlog, 'w', 1)  # line buffered
+        logfile = open(resultlog, "w", 1)  # line buffered
         config._resultlog = ResultLog(config, logfile)
         config.pluginmanager.register(config._resultlog)
 
         from _pytest.deprecated import RESULT_LOG
-        config.warn('C1', RESULT_LOG)
+
+        config.warn("C1", RESULT_LOG)
 
 
 def pytest_unconfigure(config):
-    resultlog = getattr(config, '_resultlog', None)
+    resultlog = getattr(config, "_resultlog", None)
     if resultlog:
         resultlog.logfile.close()
         del config._resultlog
@@ -46,22 +52,23 @@ def generic_path(item):
         newfspath = node.fspath
         if newfspath == fspath:
             if fspart:
-                gpath.append(':')
+                gpath.append(":")
                 fspart = False
             else:
-                gpath.append('.')
+                gpath.append(".")
         else:
-            gpath.append('/')
+            gpath.append("/")
             fspart = True
         name = node.name
-        if name[0] in '([':
+        if name[0] in "([":
             gpath.pop()
         gpath.append(name)
         fspath = newfspath
-    return ''.join(gpath)
+    return "".join(gpath)
 
 
 class ResultLog(object):
+
     def __init__(self, config, logfile):
         self.config = config
         self.logfile = logfile  # preferably line buffered
@@ -72,7 +79,7 @@ class ResultLog(object):
             print(" %s" % line, file=self.logfile)
 
     def log_outcome(self, report, lettercode, longrepr):
-        testpath = getattr(report, 'nodeid', None)
+        testpath = getattr(report, "nodeid", None)
         if testpath is None:
             testpath = report.fspath
         self.write_log_entry(testpath, lettercode, longrepr)
@@ -82,10 +89,10 @@ class ResultLog(object):
             return
         res = self.config.hook.pytest_report_teststatus(report=report)
         code = res[1]
-        if code == 'x':
+        if code == "x":
             longrepr = str(report.longrepr)
-        elif code == 'X':
-            longrepr = ''
+        elif code == "X":
+            longrepr = ""
         elif report.passed:
             longrepr = ""
         elif report.failed:
@@ -106,8 +113,8 @@ class ResultLog(object):
             self.log_outcome(report, code, longrepr)
 
     def pytest_internalerror(self, excrepr):
-        reprcrash = getattr(excrepr, 'reprcrash', None)
+        reprcrash = getattr(excrepr, "reprcrash", None)
         path = getattr(reprcrash, "path", None)
         if path is None:
             path = "cwd:%s" % py.path.local()
-        self.write_log_entry(path, '!', str(excrepr))
+        self.write_log_entry(path, "!", str(excrepr))

_pytest/runner.py

@@ -16,9 +16,14 @@ from _pytest.outcomes import skip, Skipped, TEST_OUTCOME
 
 def pytest_addoption(parser):
     group = parser.getgroup("terminal reporting", "reporting", after="general")
-    group.addoption('--durations',
-                    action="store", type=int, default=None, metavar="N",
-                    help="show N slowest setup/test durations (N=0 for all)."),
+    group.addoption(
+        "--durations",
+        action="store",
+        type=int,
+        default=None,
+        metavar="N",
+        help="show N slowest setup/test durations (N=0 for all).",
+    ),
 
 
 def pytest_terminal_summary(terminalreporter):
@@ -29,7 +34,7 @@ def pytest_terminal_summary(terminalreporter):
     dlist = []
     for replist in tr.stats.values():
         for rep in replist:
-            if hasattr(rep, 'duration'):
+            if hasattr(rep, "duration"):
                 dlist.append(rep)
     if not dlist:
         return
@@ -43,8 +48,7 @@ def pytest_terminal_summary(terminalreporter):
 
     for rep in dlist:
         nodeid = rep.nodeid.replace("::()::", "::")
-        tr.write_line("%02.2fs %-8s %s" %
-                      (rep.duration, rep.when, nodeid))
+        tr.write_line("%02.2fs %-8s %s" % (rep.duration, rep.when, nodeid))
 
 
 def pytest_sessionstart(session):
@@ -56,13 +60,9 @@ def pytest_sessionfinish(session):
 
 
 def pytest_runtest_protocol(item, nextitem):
-    item.ihook.pytest_runtest_logstart(
-        nodeid=item.nodeid, location=item.location,
-    )
+    item.ihook.pytest_runtest_logstart(nodeid=item.nodeid, location=item.location)
     runtestprotocol(item, nextitem=nextitem)
-    item.ihook.pytest_runtest_logfinish(
-        nodeid=item.nodeid, location=item.location,
-    )
+    item.ihook.pytest_runtest_logfinish(nodeid=item.nodeid, location=item.location)
     return True
 
 
@@ -77,8 +77,7 @@ def runtestprotocol(item, log=True, nextitem=None):
             show_test_item(item)
         if not item.config.option.setuponly:
             reports.append(call_and_report(item, "call", log))
-    reports.append(call_and_report(item, "teardown", log,
-                                   nextitem=nextitem))
+    reports.append(call_and_report(item, "teardown", log, nextitem=nextitem))
     # after all teardown hooks have been called
     # want funcargs and request info to go away
     if hasrequest:
@@ -91,20 +90,20 @@ def show_test_item(item):
     """Show test function, parameters and the fixtures of the test item."""
     tw = item.config.get_terminal_writer()
     tw.line()
-    tw.write(' ' * 8)
+    tw.write(" " * 8)
     tw.write(item._nodeid)
     used_fixtures = sorted(item._fixtureinfo.name2fixturedefs.keys())
     if used_fixtures:
-        tw.write(' (fixtures used: {0})'.format(', '.join(used_fixtures)))
+        tw.write(" (fixtures used: {})".format(", ".join(used_fixtures)))
 
 
 def pytest_runtest_setup(item):
-    _update_current_test_var(item, 'setup')
+    _update_current_test_var(item, "setup")
     item.session._setupstate.prepare(item)
 
 
 def pytest_runtest_call(item):
-    _update_current_test_var(item, 'call')
+    _update_current_test_var(item, "call")
     sys.last_type, sys.last_value, sys.last_traceback = (None, None, None)
     try:
         item.runtest()
@@ -120,7 +119,7 @@ def pytest_runtest_call(item):
 
 
 def pytest_runtest_teardown(item, nextitem):
-    _update_current_test_var(item, 'teardown')
+    _update_current_test_var(item, "teardown")
     item.session._setupstate.teardown_exact(item, nextitem)
     _update_current_test_var(item, None)
 
@@ -131,11 +130,11 @@ def _update_current_test_var(item, when):
 
     If ``when`` is None, delete PYTEST_CURRENT_TEST from the environment.
     """
-    var_name = 'PYTEST_CURRENT_TEST'
+    var_name = "PYTEST_CURRENT_TEST"
     if when:
-        value = '{0} ({1})'.format(item.nodeid, when)
+        value = "{} ({})".format(item.nodeid, when)
         # don't allow null bytes on environment variables (see #2644, #2957)
-        value = value.replace('\x00', '(null)')
+        value = value.replace("\x00", "(null)")
         os.environ[var_name] = value
     else:
         os.environ.pop(var_name)
@@ -155,6 +154,7 @@ def pytest_report_teststatus(report):
 #
 # Implementation
 
+
 def call_and_report(item, when, log=True, **kwds):
     call = call_runtest_hook(item, when, **kwds)
     hook = item.ihook
@@ -168,16 +168,20 @@ def call_and_report(item, when, log=True, **kwds):
 
 def check_interactive_exception(call, report):
     return call.excinfo and not (
-        hasattr(report, "wasxfail") or
-        call.excinfo.errisinstance(skip.Exception) or
-        call.excinfo.errisinstance(bdb.BdbQuit))
+        hasattr(report, "wasxfail")
+        or call.excinfo.errisinstance(skip.Exception)
+        or call.excinfo.errisinstance(bdb.BdbQuit)
+    )
 
 
 def call_runtest_hook(item, when, **kwds):
     hookname = "pytest_runtest_" + when
     ihook = getattr(item.ihook, hookname)
-    return CallInfo(lambda: ihook(item=item, **kwds), when=when,
-                    treat_keyboard_interrupt_as_exception=item.config.getvalue("usepdb"))
+    return CallInfo(
+        lambda: ihook(item=item, **kwds),
+        when=when,
+        treat_keyboard_interrupt_as_exception=item.config.getvalue("usepdb"),
+    )
 
 
 class CallInfo(object):
@@ -215,9 +219,10 @@ def getslaveinfoline(node):
         return node._slaveinfocache
     except AttributeError:
         d = node.slaveinfo
-        ver = "%s.%s.%s" % d['version_info'][:3]
+        ver = "%s.%s.%s" % d["version_info"][:3]
         node._slaveinfocache = s = "[%s] %s -- Python %s %s" % (
-            d['id'], d['sysplatform'], ver, d['executable'])
+            d["id"], d["sysplatform"], ver, d["executable"]
+        )
         return s
 
 
@@ -227,14 +232,14 @@ class BaseReport(object):
         self.__dict__.update(kw)
 
     def toterminal(self, out):
-        if hasattr(self, 'node'):
+        if hasattr(self, "node"):
             out.line(getslaveinfoline(self.node))
 
         longrepr = self.longrepr
         if longrepr is None:
             return
 
-        if hasattr(longrepr, 'toterminal'):
+        if hasattr(longrepr, "toterminal"):
             longrepr.toterminal(out)
         else:
             try:
@@ -267,7 +272,9 @@ class BaseReport(object):
 
         .. versionadded:: 3.5
         """
-        return '\n'.join(content for (prefix, content) in self.get_sections('Captured log'))
+        return "\n".join(
+            content for (prefix, content) in self.get_sections("Captured log")
+        )
 
     @property
     def capstdout(self):
@@ -275,7 +282,9 @@ class BaseReport(object):
 
         .. versionadded:: 3.0
         """
-        return ''.join(content for (prefix, content) in self.get_sections('Captured stdout'))
+        return "".join(
+            content for (prefix, content) in self.get_sections("Captured stdout")
+        )
 
     @property
     def capstderr(self):
@@ -283,7 +292,9 @@ class BaseReport(object):
 
         .. versionadded:: 3.0
         """
-        return ''.join(content for (prefix, content) in self.get_sections('Captured stderr'))
+        return "".join(
+            content for (prefix, content) in self.get_sections("Captured stderr")
+        )
 
     passed = property(lambda x: x.outcome == "passed")
     failed = property(lambda x: x.outcome == "failed")
@@ -297,7 +308,7 @@ class BaseReport(object):
 def pytest_runtest_makereport(item, call):
     when = call.when
     duration = call.stop - call.start
-    keywords = dict([(x, 1) for x in item.keywords])
+    keywords = {x: 1 for x in item.keywords}
     excinfo = call.excinfo
     sections = []
     if not call.excinfo:
@@ -316,13 +327,22 @@ def pytest_runtest_makereport(item, call):
             if call.when == "call":
                 longrepr = item.repr_failure(excinfo)
             else:  # exception in setup or teardown
-                longrepr = item._repr_failure_py(excinfo,
-                                                 style=item.config.option.tbstyle)
+                longrepr = item._repr_failure_py(
+                    excinfo, style=item.config.option.tbstyle
+                )
     for rwhen, key, content in item._report_sections:
         sections.append(("Captured %s %s" % (key, rwhen), content))
-    return TestReport(item.nodeid, item.location,
-                      keywords, outcome, longrepr, when,
-                      sections, duration, user_properties=item.user_properties)
+    return TestReport(
+        item.nodeid,
+        item.location,
+        keywords,
+        outcome,
+        longrepr,
+        when,
+        sections,
+        duration,
+        user_properties=item.user_properties,
+    )
 
 
 class TestReport(BaseReport):
@@ -330,8 +350,19 @@ class TestReport(BaseReport):
     they fail).
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, nodeid, location, keywords, outcome,
-                 longrepr, when, sections=(), duration=0, user_properties=(), **extra):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        nodeid,
+        location,
+        keywords,
+        outcome,
+        longrepr,
+        when,
+        sections=(),
+        duration=0,
+        user_properties=(),
+        **extra
+    ):
         #: normalized collection node id
         self.nodeid = nodeid
 
@@ -370,7 +401,8 @@ class TestReport(BaseReport):
 
     def __repr__(self):
         return "<TestReport %r when=%r outcome=%r>" % (
-            self.nodeid, self.when, self.outcome)
+            self.nodeid, self.when, self.outcome
+        )
 
 
 class TeardownErrorReport(BaseReport):
@@ -384,14 +416,13 @@ class TeardownErrorReport(BaseReport):
 
 
 def pytest_make_collect_report(collector):
-    call = CallInfo(
-        lambda: list(collector.collect()),
-        'collect')
+    call = CallInfo(lambda: list(collector.collect()), "collect")
     longrepr = None
     if not call.excinfo:
         outcome = "passed"
     else:
         from _pytest import nose
+
         skip_exceptions = (Skipped,) + nose.get_skip_exceptions()
         if call.excinfo.errisinstance(skip_exceptions):
             outcome = "skipped"
@@ -403,15 +434,16 @@ def pytest_make_collect_report(collector):
             if not hasattr(errorinfo, "toterminal"):
                 errorinfo = CollectErrorRepr(errorinfo)
             longrepr = errorinfo
-    rep = CollectReport(collector.nodeid, outcome, longrepr,
-                        getattr(call, 'result', None))
+    rep = CollectReport(
+        collector.nodeid, outcome, longrepr, getattr(call, "result", None)
+    )
     rep.call = call  # see collect_one_node
     return rep
 
 
 class CollectReport(BaseReport):
-    def __init__(self, nodeid, outcome, longrepr, result,
-                 sections=(), **extra):
+
+    def __init__(self, nodeid, outcome, longrepr, result, sections=(), **extra):
         self.nodeid = nodeid
         self.outcome = outcome
         self.longrepr = longrepr
@@ -425,10 +457,12 @@ class CollectReport(BaseReport):
 
     def __repr__(self):
         return "<CollectReport %r lenresult=%s outcome=%r>" % (
-            self.nodeid, len(self.result), self.outcome)
+            self.nodeid, len(self.result), self.outcome
+        )
 
 
 class CollectErrorRepr(TerminalRepr):
+
     def __init__(self, msg):
         self.longrepr = msg
 
@@ -477,8 +511,9 @@ class SetupState(object):
         if hasattr(colitem, "teardown"):
             colitem.teardown()
         for colitem in self._finalizers:
-            assert colitem is None or colitem in self.stack \
-                or isinstance(colitem, tuple)
+            assert (
+                colitem is None or colitem in self.stack or isinstance(colitem, tuple)
+            )
 
     def teardown_all(self):
         while self.stack:
@@ -505,7 +540,7 @@ class SetupState(object):
 
         # check if the last collection node has raised an error
         for col in self.stack:
-            if hasattr(col, '_prepare_exc'):
+            if hasattr(col, "_prepare_exc"):
                 py.builtin._reraise(*col._prepare_exc)
         for col in needed_collectors[len(self.stack):]:
             self.stack.append(col)

_pytest/setuponly.py

@@ -6,10 +6,18 @@ import sys
 
 def pytest_addoption(parser):
     group = parser.getgroup("debugconfig")
-    group.addoption('--setuponly', '--setup-only', action="store_true",
-                    help="only setup fixtures, do not execute tests.")
-    group.addoption('--setupshow', '--setup-show', action="store_true",
-                    help="show setup of fixtures while executing tests.")
+    group.addoption(
+        "--setuponly",
+        "--setup-only",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="only setup fixtures, do not execute tests.",
+    )
+    group.addoption(
+        "--setupshow",
+        "--setup-show",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="show setup of fixtures while executing tests.",
+    )
 
 
 @pytest.hookimpl(hookwrapper=True)
@@ -17,50 +25,52 @@ def pytest_fixture_setup(fixturedef, request):
     yield
     config = request.config
     if config.option.setupshow:
-        if hasattr(request, 'param'):
+        if hasattr(request, "param"):
             # Save the fixture parameter so ._show_fixture_action() can
             # display it now and during the teardown (in .finish()).
             if fixturedef.ids:
                 if callable(fixturedef.ids):
                     fixturedef.cached_param = fixturedef.ids(request.param)
                 else:
-                    fixturedef.cached_param = fixturedef.ids[
-                        request.param_index]
+                    fixturedef.cached_param = fixturedef.ids[request.param_index]
             else:
                 fixturedef.cached_param = request.param
-        _show_fixture_action(fixturedef, 'SETUP')
+        _show_fixture_action(fixturedef, "SETUP")
 
 
 def pytest_fixture_post_finalizer(fixturedef):
     if hasattr(fixturedef, "cached_result"):
         config = fixturedef._fixturemanager.config
         if config.option.setupshow:
-            _show_fixture_action(fixturedef, 'TEARDOWN')
+            _show_fixture_action(fixturedef, "TEARDOWN")
             if hasattr(fixturedef, "cached_param"):
                 del fixturedef.cached_param
 
 
 def _show_fixture_action(fixturedef, msg):
     config = fixturedef._fixturemanager.config
-    capman = config.pluginmanager.getplugin('capturemanager')
+    capman = config.pluginmanager.getplugin("capturemanager")
     if capman:
         out, err = capman.suspend_global_capture()
 
     tw = config.get_terminal_writer()
     tw.line()
-    tw.write(' ' * 2 * fixturedef.scopenum)
-    tw.write('{step} {scope} {fixture}'.format(
-        step=msg.ljust(8),  # align the output to TEARDOWN
-        scope=fixturedef.scope[0].upper(),
-        fixture=fixturedef.argname))
+    tw.write(" " * 2 * fixturedef.scopenum)
+    tw.write(
+        "{step} {scope} {fixture}".format(
+            step=msg.ljust(8),  # align the output to TEARDOWN
+            scope=fixturedef.scope[0].upper(),
+            fixture=fixturedef.argname,
+        )
+    )
 
-    if msg == 'SETUP':
-        deps = sorted(arg for arg in fixturedef.argnames if arg != 'request')
+    if msg == "SETUP":
+        deps = sorted(arg for arg in fixturedef.argnames if arg != "request")
         if deps:
-            tw.write(' (fixtures used: {0})'.format(', '.join(deps)))
+            tw.write(" (fixtures used: {})".format(", ".join(deps)))
 
-    if hasattr(fixturedef, 'cached_param'):
-        tw.write('[{0}]'.format(fixturedef.cached_param))
+    if hasattr(fixturedef, "cached_param"):
+        tw.write("[{}]".format(fixturedef.cached_param))
 
     if capman:
         capman.resume_global_capture()

_pytest/setupplan.py

@@ -5,9 +5,13 @@ import pytest
 
 def pytest_addoption(parser):
     group = parser.getgroup("debugconfig")
-    group.addoption('--setupplan', '--setup-plan', action="store_true",
-                    help="show what fixtures and tests would be executed but "
-                    "don't execute anything.")
+    group.addoption(
+        "--setupplan",
+        "--setup-plan",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="show what fixtures and tests would be executed but "
+        "don't execute anything.",
+    )
 
 
 @pytest.hookimpl(tryfirst=True)

_pytest/skipping.py

@@ -8,21 +8,28 @@ from _pytest.outcomes import fail, skip, xfail
 
 def pytest_addoption(parser):
     group = parser.getgroup("general")
-    group.addoption('--runxfail',
-                    action="store_true", dest="runxfail", default=False,
-                    help="run tests even if they are marked xfail")
+    group.addoption(
+        "--runxfail",
+        action="store_true",
+        dest="runxfail",
+        default=False,
+        help="run tests even if they are marked xfail",
+    )
 
-    parser.addini("xfail_strict",
-                  "default for the strict parameter of xfail "
-                  "markers when not given explicitly (default: False)",
-                  default=False,
-                  type="bool")
+    parser.addini(
+        "xfail_strict",
+        "default for the strict parameter of xfail "
+        "markers when not given explicitly (default: False)",
+        default=False,
+        type="bool",
+    )
 
 
 def pytest_configure(config):
     if config.option.runxfail:
         # yay a hack
         import pytest
+
         old = pytest.xfail
         config._cleanup.append(lambda: setattr(pytest, "xfail", old))
 
@@ -32,48 +39,51 @@ def pytest_configure(config):
         nop.Exception = xfail.Exception
         setattr(pytest, "xfail", nop)
 
-    config.addinivalue_line("markers",
-                            "skip(reason=None): skip the given test function with an optional reason. "
-                            "Example: skip(reason=\"no way of currently testing this\") skips the "
-                            "test."
-                            )
-    config.addinivalue_line("markers",
-                            "skipif(condition): skip the given test function if eval(condition) "
-                            "results in a True value.  Evaluation happens within the "
-                            "module global context. Example: skipif('sys.platform == \"win32\"') "
-                            "skips the test if we are on the win32 platform. see "
-                            "http://pytest.org/latest/skipping.html"
-                            )
-    config.addinivalue_line("markers",
-                            "xfail(condition, reason=None, run=True, raises=None, strict=False): "
-                            "mark the test function as an expected failure if eval(condition) "
-                            "has a True value. Optionally specify a reason for better reporting "
-                            "and run=False if you don't even want to execute the test function. "
-                            "If only specific exception(s) are expected, you can list them in "
-                            "raises, and if the test fails in other ways, it will be reported as "
-                            "a true failure. See http://pytest.org/latest/skipping.html"
-                            )
+    config.addinivalue_line(
+        "markers",
+        "skip(reason=None): skip the given test function with an optional reason. "
+        'Example: skip(reason="no way of currently testing this") skips the '
+        "test.",
+    )
+    config.addinivalue_line(
+        "markers",
+        "skipif(condition): skip the given test function if eval(condition) "
+        "results in a True value.  Evaluation happens within the "
+        "module global context. Example: skipif('sys.platform == \"win32\"') "
+        "skips the test if we are on the win32 platform. see "
+        "http://pytest.org/latest/skipping.html",
+    )
+    config.addinivalue_line(
+        "markers",
+        "xfail(condition, reason=None, run=True, raises=None, strict=False): "
+        "mark the test function as an expected failure if eval(condition) "
+        "has a True value. Optionally specify a reason for better reporting "
+        "and run=False if you don't even want to execute the test function. "
+        "If only specific exception(s) are expected, you can list them in "
+        "raises, and if the test fails in other ways, it will be reported as "
+        "a true failure. See http://pytest.org/latest/skipping.html",
+    )
 
 
 @hookimpl(tryfirst=True)
 def pytest_runtest_setup(item):
     # Check if skip or skipif are specified as pytest marks
     item._skipped_by_mark = False
-    eval_skipif = MarkEvaluator(item, 'skipif')
+    eval_skipif = MarkEvaluator(item, "skipif")
     if eval_skipif.istrue():
         item._skipped_by_mark = True
         skip(eval_skipif.getexplanation())
 
-    for skip_info in item.iter_markers(name='skip'):
+    for skip_info in item.iter_markers(name="skip"):
         item._skipped_by_mark = True
-        if 'reason' in skip_info.kwargs:
-            skip(skip_info.kwargs['reason'])
+        if "reason" in skip_info.kwargs:
+            skip(skip_info.kwargs["reason"])
         elif skip_info.args:
             skip(skip_info.args[0])
         else:
             skip("unconditional skip")
 
-    item._evalxfail = MarkEvaluator(item, 'xfail')
+    item._evalxfail = MarkEvaluator(item, "xfail")
     check_xfail_no_run(item)
 
 
@@ -91,7 +101,7 @@ def check_xfail_no_run(item):
     if not item.config.option.runxfail:
         evalxfail = item._evalxfail
         if evalxfail.istrue():
-            if not evalxfail.get('run', True):
+            if not evalxfail.get("run", True):
                 xfail("[NOTRUN] " + evalxfail.getexplanation())
 
 
@@ -99,24 +109,25 @@ def check_strict_xfail(pyfuncitem):
     """check xfail(strict=True) for the given PASSING test"""
     evalxfail = pyfuncitem._evalxfail
     if evalxfail.istrue():
-        strict_default = pyfuncitem.config.getini('xfail_strict')
-        is_strict_xfail = evalxfail.get('strict', strict_default)
+        strict_default = pyfuncitem.config.getini("xfail_strict")
+        is_strict_xfail = evalxfail.get("strict", strict_default)
         if is_strict_xfail:
             del pyfuncitem._evalxfail
             explanation = evalxfail.getexplanation()
-            fail('[XPASS(strict)] ' + explanation, pytrace=False)
+            fail("[XPASS(strict)] " + explanation, pytrace=False)
 
 
 @hookimpl(hookwrapper=True)
 def pytest_runtest_makereport(item, call):
     outcome = yield
     rep = outcome.get_result()
-    evalxfail = getattr(item, '_evalxfail', None)
+    evalxfail = getattr(item, "_evalxfail", None)
     # unitttest special case, see setting of _unexpectedsuccess
-    if hasattr(item, '_unexpectedsuccess') and rep.when == "call":
+    if hasattr(item, "_unexpectedsuccess") and rep.when == "call":
         from _pytest.compat import _is_unittest_unexpected_success_a_failure
+
         if item._unexpectedsuccess:
-            rep.longrepr = "Unexpected success: {0}".format(item._unexpectedsuccess)
+            rep.longrepr = "Unexpected success: {}".format(item._unexpectedsuccess)
         else:
             rep.longrepr = "Unexpected success"
         if _is_unittest_unexpected_success_a_failure():
@@ -129,8 +140,7 @@ def pytest_runtest_makereport(item, call):
     elif call.excinfo and call.excinfo.errisinstance(xfail.Exception):
         rep.wasxfail = "reason: " + call.excinfo.value.msg
         rep.outcome = "skipped"
-    elif evalxfail and not rep.skipped and evalxfail.wasvalid() and \
-            evalxfail.istrue():
+    elif evalxfail and not rep.skipped and evalxfail.wasvalid() and evalxfail.istrue():
         if call.excinfo:
             if evalxfail.invalidraise(call.excinfo.value):
                 rep.outcome = "failed"
@@ -138,16 +148,18 @@ def pytest_runtest_makereport(item, call):
                 rep.outcome = "skipped"
                 rep.wasxfail = evalxfail.getexplanation()
         elif call.when == "call":
-            strict_default = item.config.getini('xfail_strict')
-            is_strict_xfail = evalxfail.get('strict', strict_default)
+            strict_default = item.config.getini("xfail_strict")
+            is_strict_xfail = evalxfail.get("strict", strict_default)
             explanation = evalxfail.getexplanation()
             if is_strict_xfail:
                 rep.outcome = "failed"
-                rep.longrepr = "[XPASS(strict)] {0}".format(explanation)
+                rep.longrepr = "[XPASS(strict)] {}".format(explanation)
             else:
                 rep.outcome = "passed"
                 rep.wasxfail = explanation
-    elif getattr(item, '_skipped_by_mark', False) and rep.skipped and type(rep.longrepr) is tuple:
+    elif getattr(item, "_skipped_by_mark", False) and rep.skipped and type(
+        rep.longrepr
+    ) is tuple:
         # skipped by mark.skipif; change the location of the failure
         # to point to the item definition, otherwise it will display
         # the location of where the skip exception was raised within pytest
@@ -164,7 +176,7 @@ def pytest_report_teststatus(report):
         if report.skipped:
             return "xfailed", "x", "xfail"
         elif report.passed:
-            return "xpassed", "X", ("XPASS", {'yellow': True})
+            return "xpassed", "X", ("XPASS", {"yellow": True})
 
 
 # called by the terminalreporter instance/plugin
@@ -224,12 +236,12 @@ def folded_skips(skipped):
     for event in skipped:
         key = event.longrepr
         assert len(key) == 3, (event, key)
-        keywords = getattr(event, 'keywords', {})
+        keywords = getattr(event, "keywords", {})
         # folding reports with global pytestmark variable
         # this is workaround, because for now we cannot identify the scope of a skip marker
         # TODO: revisit after marks scope would be fixed
-        when = getattr(event, 'when', None)
-        if when == 'setup' and 'skip' in keywords and 'pytestmark' not in keywords:
+        when = getattr(event, "when", None)
+        if when == "setup" and "skip" in keywords and "pytestmark" not in keywords:
             key = (key[0], None, key[2])
         d.setdefault(key, []).append(event)
     values = []
@@ -240,7 +252,7 @@ def folded_skips(skipped):
 
 def show_skipped(terminalreporter, lines):
     tr = terminalreporter
-    skipped = tr.stats.get('skipped', [])
+    skipped = tr.stats.get("skipped", [])
     if skipped:
         # if not tr.hasopt('skipped'):
         #    tr.write_line(
@@ -255,15 +267,14 @@ def show_skipped(terminalreporter, lines):
                     reason = reason[9:]
                 if lineno is not None:
                     lines.append(
-                        "SKIP [%d] %s:%d: %s" %
-                        (num, fspath, lineno + 1, reason))
+                        "SKIP [%d] %s:%d: %s" % (num, fspath, lineno + 1, reason)
+                    )
                 else:
-                    lines.append(
-                        "SKIP [%d] %s: %s" %
-                        (num, fspath, reason))
+                    lines.append("SKIP [%d] %s: %s" % (num, fspath, reason))
 
 
 def shower(stat, format):
+
     def show_(terminalreporter, lines):
         return show_simple(terminalreporter, lines, stat, format)
 
@@ -271,13 +282,12 @@ def shower(stat, format):
 
 
 REPORTCHAR_ACTIONS = {
-    'x': show_xfailed,
-    'X': show_xpassed,
-    'f': shower('failed', "FAIL %s"),
-    'F': shower('failed', "FAIL %s"),
-    's': show_skipped,
-    'S': show_skipped,
-    'p': shower('passed', "PASSED %s"),
-    'E': shower('error', "ERROR %s")
-
+    "x": show_xfailed,
+    "X": show_xpassed,
+    "f": shower("failed", "FAIL %s"),
+    "F": shower("failed", "FAIL %s"),
+    "s": show_skipped,
+    "S": show_skipped,
+    "p": shower("passed", "PASSED %s"),
+    "E": shower("error", "ERROR %s"),
 }

_pytest/terminal.py

@@ -16,8 +16,13 @@ from more_itertools import collapse
 
 import pytest
 from _pytest import nodes
-from _pytest.main import EXIT_OK, EXIT_TESTSFAILED, EXIT_INTERRUPTED, \
-    EXIT_USAGEERROR, EXIT_NOTESTSCOLLECTED
+from _pytest.main import (
+    EXIT_OK,
+    EXIT_TESTSFAILED,
+    EXIT_INTERRUPTED,
+    EXIT_USAGEERROR,
+    EXIT_NOTESTSCOLLECTED,
+)
 
 
 import argparse
@@ -30,93 +35,140 @@ class MoreQuietAction(argparse.Action):
 
     used to unify verbosity handling
     """
-    def __init__(self,
-                 option_strings,
-                 dest,
-                 default=None,
-                 required=False,
-                 help=None):
+
+    def __init__(self, option_strings, dest, default=None, required=False, help=None):
         super(MoreQuietAction, self).__init__(
             option_strings=option_strings,
             dest=dest,
             nargs=0,
             default=default,
             required=required,
-            help=help)
+            help=help,
+        )
 
     def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
         new_count = getattr(namespace, self.dest, 0) - 1
         setattr(namespace, self.dest, new_count)
         # todo Deprecate config.quiet
-        namespace.quiet = getattr(namespace, 'quiet', 0) + 1
+        namespace.quiet = getattr(namespace, "quiet", 0) + 1
 
 
 def pytest_addoption(parser):
     group = parser.getgroup("terminal reporting", "reporting", after="general")
-    group._addoption('-v', '--verbose', action="count", default=0,
-                     dest="verbose", help="increase verbosity."),
-    group._addoption('-q', '--quiet', action=MoreQuietAction, default=0,
-                     dest="verbose", help="decrease verbosity."),
-    group._addoption("--verbosity", dest='verbose', type=int, default=0,
-                     help="set verbosity")
-    group._addoption('-r',
-                     action="store", dest="reportchars", default='', metavar="chars",
-                     help="show extra test summary info as specified by chars (f)ailed, "
-                     "(E)error, (s)skipped, (x)failed, (X)passed, "
-                     "(p)passed, (P)passed with output, (a)all except pP. "
-                     "Warnings are displayed at all times except when "
-                     "--disable-warnings is set")
-    group._addoption('--disable-warnings', '--disable-pytest-warnings', default=False,
-                     dest='disable_warnings', action='store_true',
-                     help='disable warnings summary')
-    group._addoption('-l', '--showlocals',
-                     action="store_true", dest="showlocals", default=False,
-                     help="show locals in tracebacks (disabled by default).")
-    group._addoption('--tb', metavar="style",
-                     action="store", dest="tbstyle", default='auto',
-                     choices=['auto', 'long', 'short', 'no', 'line', 'native'],
-                     help="traceback print mode (auto/long/short/line/native/no).")
-    group._addoption('--show-capture',
-                     action="store", dest="showcapture",
-                     choices=['no', 'stdout', 'stderr', 'log', 'all'], default='all',
-                     help="Controls how captured stdout/stderr/log is shown on failed tests. "
-                          "Default is 'all'.")
-    group._addoption('--fulltrace', '--full-trace',
-                     action="store_true", default=False,
-                     help="don't cut any tracebacks (default is to cut).")
-    group._addoption('--color', metavar="color",
-                     action="store", dest="color", default='auto',
-                     choices=['yes', 'no', 'auto'],
-                     help="color terminal output (yes/no/auto).")
+    group._addoption(
+        "-v",
+        "--verbose",
+        action="count",
+        default=0,
+        dest="verbose",
+        help="increase verbosity.",
+    ),
+    group._addoption(
+        "-q",
+        "--quiet",
+        action=MoreQuietAction,
+        default=0,
+        dest="verbose",
+        help="decrease verbosity.",
+    ),
+    group._addoption(
+        "--verbosity", dest="verbose", type=int, default=0, help="set verbosity"
+    )
+    group._addoption(
+        "-r",
+        action="store",
+        dest="reportchars",
+        default="",
+        metavar="chars",
+        help="show extra test summary info as specified by chars (f)ailed, "
+        "(E)error, (s)skipped, (x)failed, (X)passed, "
+        "(p)passed, (P)passed with output, (a)all except pP. "
+        "Warnings are displayed at all times except when "
+        "--disable-warnings is set",
+    )
+    group._addoption(
+        "--disable-warnings",
+        "--disable-pytest-warnings",
+        default=False,
+        dest="disable_warnings",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="disable warnings summary",
+    )
+    group._addoption(
+        "-l",
+        "--showlocals",
+        action="store_true",
+        dest="showlocals",
+        default=False,
+        help="show locals in tracebacks (disabled by default).",
+    )
+    group._addoption(
+        "--tb",
+        metavar="style",
+        action="store",
+        dest="tbstyle",
+        default="auto",
+        choices=["auto", "long", "short", "no", "line", "native"],
+        help="traceback print mode (auto/long/short/line/native/no).",
+    )
+    group._addoption(
+        "--show-capture",
+        action="store",
+        dest="showcapture",
+        choices=["no", "stdout", "stderr", "log", "all"],
+        default="all",
+        help="Controls how captured stdout/stderr/log is shown on failed tests. "
+        "Default is 'all'.",
+    )
+    group._addoption(
+        "--fulltrace",
+        "--full-trace",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="don't cut any tracebacks (default is to cut).",
+    )
+    group._addoption(
+        "--color",
+        metavar="color",
+        action="store",
+        dest="color",
+        default="auto",
+        choices=["yes", "no", "auto"],
+        help="color terminal output (yes/no/auto).",
+    )
 
-    parser.addini("console_output_style",
-                  help="console output: classic or with additional progress information (classic|progress).",
-                  default='progress')
+    parser.addini(
+        "console_output_style",
+        help="console output: classic or with additional progress information (classic|progress).",
+        default="progress",
+    )
 
 
 def pytest_configure(config):
     reporter = TerminalReporter(config, sys.stdout)
-    config.pluginmanager.register(reporter, 'terminalreporter')
+    config.pluginmanager.register(reporter, "terminalreporter")
     if config.option.debug or config.option.traceconfig:
+
         def mywriter(tags, args):
             msg = " ".join(map(str, args))
             reporter.write_line("[traceconfig] " + msg)
+
         config.trace.root.setprocessor("pytest:config", mywriter)
 
 
 def getreportopt(config):
     reportopts = ""
     reportchars = config.option.reportchars
-    if not config.option.disable_warnings and 'w' not in reportchars:
-        reportchars += 'w'
-    elif config.option.disable_warnings and 'w' in reportchars:
-        reportchars = reportchars.replace('w', '')
+    if not config.option.disable_warnings and "w" not in reportchars:
+        reportchars += "w"
+    elif config.option.disable_warnings and "w" in reportchars:
+        reportchars = reportchars.replace("w", "")
     if reportchars:
         for char in reportchars:
-            if char not in reportopts and char != 'a':
+            if char not in reportopts and char != "a":
                 reportopts += char
-            elif char == 'a':
-                reportopts = 'fEsxXw'
+            elif char == "a":
+                reportopts = "fEsxXw"
     return reportopts
 
 
@@ -161,15 +213,17 @@ class WarningReport(object):
             if isinstance(self.fslocation, tuple) and len(self.fslocation) >= 2:
                 filename, linenum = self.fslocation[:2]
                 relpath = py.path.local(filename).relto(config.invocation_dir)
-                return '%s:%s' % (relpath, linenum)
+                return "%s:%s" % (relpath, linenum)
             else:
                 return str(self.fslocation)
         return None
 
 
 class TerminalReporter(object):
+
     def __init__(self, config, file=None):
         import _pytest.config
+
         self.config = config
         self.verbosity = self.config.option.verbose
         self.showheader = self.verbosity >= 0
@@ -196,15 +250,15 @@ class TerminalReporter(object):
     def _determine_show_progress_info(self):
         """Return True if we should display progress information based on the current config"""
         # do not show progress if we are not capturing output (#3038)
-        if self.config.getoption('capture') == 'no':
+        if self.config.getoption("capture") == "no":
             return False
         # do not show progress if we are showing fixture setup/teardown
-        if self.config.getoption('setupshow'):
+        if self.config.getoption("setupshow"):
             return False
-        return self.config.getini('console_output_style') == 'progress'
+        return self.config.getini("console_output_style") == "progress"
 
     def hasopt(self, char):
-        char = {'xfailed': 'x', 'skipped': 's'}.get(char, char)
+        char = {"xfailed": "x", "skipped": "s"}.get(char, char)
         return char in self.reportchars
 
     def write_fspath_result(self, nodeid, res):
@@ -250,12 +304,12 @@ class TerminalReporter(object):
 
         The rest of the keyword arguments are markup instructions.
         """
-        erase = markup.pop('erase', False)
+        erase = markup.pop("erase", False)
         if erase:
             fill_count = self._tw.fullwidth - len(line) - 1
-            fill = ' ' * fill_count
+            fill = " " * fill_count
         else:
-            fill = ''
+            fill = ""
         line = str(line)
         self._tw.write("\r" + line + fill, **markup)
 
@@ -276,8 +330,9 @@ class TerminalReporter(object):
 
     def pytest_logwarning(self, code, fslocation, message, nodeid):
         warnings = self.stats.setdefault("warnings", [])
-        warning = WarningReport(code=code, fslocation=fslocation,
-                                message=message, nodeid=nodeid)
+        warning = WarningReport(
+            code=code, fslocation=fslocation, message=message, nodeid=nodeid
+        )
         warnings.append(warning)
 
     def pytest_plugin_registered(self, plugin):
@@ -289,7 +344,7 @@ class TerminalReporter(object):
             self.write_line(msg)
 
     def pytest_deselected(self, items):
-        self.stats.setdefault('deselected', []).extend(items)
+        self.stats.setdefault("deselected", []).extend(items)
 
     def pytest_runtest_logstart(self, nodeid, location):
         # ensure that the path is printed before the
@@ -314,7 +369,7 @@ class TerminalReporter(object):
         if not letter and not word:
             # probably passed setup/teardown
             return
-        running_xdist = hasattr(rep, 'node')
+        running_xdist = hasattr(rep, "node")
         if self.verbosity <= 0:
             if not running_xdist and self.showfspath:
                 self.write_fspath_result(rep.nodeid, letter)
@@ -324,11 +379,11 @@ class TerminalReporter(object):
             self._progress_nodeids_reported.add(rep.nodeid)
             if markup is None:
                 if rep.passed:
-                    markup = {'green': True}
+                    markup = {"green": True}
                 elif rep.failed:
-                    markup = {'red': True}
+                    markup = {"red": True}
                 elif rep.skipped:
-                    markup = {'yellow': True}
+                    markup = {"yellow": True}
                 else:
                     markup = {}
             line = self._locationline(rep.nodeid, *rep.location)
@@ -340,9 +395,11 @@ class TerminalReporter(object):
                 self.ensure_newline()
                 self._tw.write("[%s]" % rep.node.gateway.id)
                 if self._show_progress_info:
-                    self._tw.write(self._get_progress_information_message() + " ", cyan=True)
+                    self._tw.write(
+                        self._get_progress_information_message() + " ", cyan=True
+                    )
                 else:
-                    self._tw.write(' ')
+                    self._tw.write(" ")
                 self._tw.write(word, **markup)
                 self._tw.write(" " + line)
                 self.currentfspath = -2
@@ -350,29 +407,33 @@ class TerminalReporter(object):
     def pytest_runtest_logfinish(self, nodeid):
         if self.verbosity <= 0 and self._show_progress_info:
             self._progress_nodeids_reported.add(nodeid)
-            last_item = len(self._progress_nodeids_reported) == self._session.testscollected
+            last_item = len(
+                self._progress_nodeids_reported
+            ) == self._session.testscollected
             if last_item:
                 self._write_progress_information_filling_space()
             else:
                 past_edge = self._tw.chars_on_current_line + self._PROGRESS_LENGTH + 1 >= self._screen_width
                 if past_edge:
                     msg = self._get_progress_information_message()
-                    self._tw.write(msg + '\n', cyan=True)
+                    self._tw.write(msg + "\n", cyan=True)
 
-    _PROGRESS_LENGTH = len(' [100%]')
+    _PROGRESS_LENGTH = len(" [100%]")
 
     def _get_progress_information_message(self):
-        if self.config.getoption('capture') == 'no':
-            return ''
+        if self.config.getoption("capture") == "no":
+            return ""
         collected = self._session.testscollected
         if collected:
             progress = len(self._progress_nodeids_reported) * 100 // collected
-            return ' [{:3d}%]'.format(progress)
-        return ' [100%]'
+            return " [{:3d}%]".format(progress)
+        return " [100%]"
 
     def _write_progress_information_filling_space(self):
         msg = self._get_progress_information_message()
-        fill = ' ' * (self._tw.fullwidth - self._tw.chars_on_current_line - len(msg) - 1)
+        fill = " " * (
+            self._tw.fullwidth - self._tw.chars_on_current_line - len(msg) - 1
+        )
         self.write(fill + msg, cyan=True)
 
     def pytest_collection(self):
@@ -394,14 +455,16 @@ class TerminalReporter(object):
         if self.config.option.verbose < 0:
             return
 
-        errors = len(self.stats.get('error', []))
-        skipped = len(self.stats.get('skipped', []))
-        deselected = len(self.stats.get('deselected', []))
+        errors = len(self.stats.get("error", []))
+        skipped = len(self.stats.get("skipped", []))
+        deselected = len(self.stats.get("deselected", []))
         if final:
             line = "collected "
         else:
             line = "collecting "
-        line += str(self._numcollected) + " item" + ('' if self._numcollected == 1 else 's')
+        line += str(self._numcollected) + " item" + (
+            "" if self._numcollected == 1 else "s"
+        )
         if errors:
             line += " / %d errors" % errors
         if deselected:
@@ -411,7 +474,7 @@ class TerminalReporter(object):
         if self.isatty:
             self.rewrite(line, bold=True, erase=True)
             if final:
-                self.write('\n')
+                self.write("\n")
         else:
             self.write_line(line)
 
@@ -428,17 +491,22 @@ class TerminalReporter(object):
         self.write_sep("=", "test session starts", bold=True)
         verinfo = platform.python_version()
         msg = "platform %s -- Python %s" % (sys.platform, verinfo)
-        if hasattr(sys, 'pypy_version_info'):
+        if hasattr(sys, "pypy_version_info"):
             verinfo = ".".join(map(str, sys.pypy_version_info[:3]))
             msg += "[pypy-%s-%s]" % (verinfo, sys.pypy_version_info[3])
         msg += ", pytest-%s, py-%s, pluggy-%s" % (
-               pytest.__version__, py.__version__, pluggy.__version__)
-        if self.verbosity > 0 or self.config.option.debug or \
-           getattr(self.config.option, 'pastebin', None):
+            pytest.__version__, py.__version__, pluggy.__version__
+        )
+        if (
+            self.verbosity > 0
+            or self.config.option.debug
+            or getattr(self.config.option, "pastebin", None)
+        ):
             msg += " -- " + str(sys.executable)
         self.write_line(msg)
         lines = self.config.hook.pytest_report_header(
-            config=self.config, startdir=self.startdir)
+            config=self.config, startdir=self.startdir
+        )
         self._write_report_lines_from_hooks(lines)
 
     def _write_report_lines_from_hooks(self, lines):
@@ -455,21 +523,21 @@ class TerminalReporter(object):
         plugininfo = config.pluginmanager.list_plugin_distinfo()
         if plugininfo:
 
-            lines.append(
-                "plugins: %s" % ", ".join(_plugin_nameversions(plugininfo)))
+            lines.append("plugins: %s" % ", ".join(_plugin_nameversions(plugininfo)))
         return lines
 
     def pytest_collection_finish(self, session):
         if self.config.option.collectonly:
             self._printcollecteditems(session.items)
-            if self.stats.get('failed'):
+            if self.stats.get("failed"):
                 self._tw.sep("!", "collection failures")
-                for rep in self.stats.get('failed'):
+                for rep in self.stats.get("failed"):
                     rep.toterminal(self._tw)
                 return 1
             return 0
         lines = self.config.hook.pytest_report_collectionfinish(
-            config=self.config, startdir=self.startdir, items=session.items)
+            config=self.config, startdir=self.startdir, items=session.items
+        )
         self._write_report_lines_from_hooks(lines)
 
     def _printcollecteditems(self, items):
@@ -480,7 +548,7 @@ class TerminalReporter(object):
             if self.config.option.verbose < -1:
                 counts = {}
                 for item in items:
-                    name = item.nodeid.split('::', 1)[0]
+                    name = item.nodeid.split("::", 1)[0]
                     counts[name] = counts.get(name, 0) + 1
                 for name, count in sorted(counts.items()):
                     self._tw.line("%s: %d" % (name, count))
@@ -511,11 +579,16 @@ class TerminalReporter(object):
         outcome.get_result()
         self._tw.line("")
         summary_exit_codes = (
-            EXIT_OK, EXIT_TESTSFAILED, EXIT_INTERRUPTED, EXIT_USAGEERROR,
-            EXIT_NOTESTSCOLLECTED)
+            EXIT_OK,
+            EXIT_TESTSFAILED,
+            EXIT_INTERRUPTED,
+            EXIT_USAGEERROR,
+            EXIT_NOTESTSCOLLECTED,
+        )
         if exitstatus in summary_exit_codes:
-            self.config.hook.pytest_terminal_summary(terminalreporter=self,
-                                                     exitstatus=exitstatus)
+            self.config.hook.pytest_terminal_summary(
+                terminalreporter=self, exitstatus=exitstatus
+            )
         if exitstatus == EXIT_INTERRUPTED:
             self._report_keyboardinterrupt()
             del self._keyboardinterrupt_memo
@@ -533,7 +606,7 @@ class TerminalReporter(object):
         self._keyboardinterrupt_memo = excinfo.getrepr(funcargs=True)
 
     def pytest_unconfigure(self):
-        if hasattr(self, '_keyboardinterrupt_memo'):
+        if hasattr(self, "_keyboardinterrupt_memo"):
             self._report_keyboardinterrupt()
 
     def _report_keyboardinterrupt(self):
@@ -544,18 +617,23 @@ class TerminalReporter(object):
             if self.config.option.fulltrace:
                 excrepr.toterminal(self._tw)
             else:
-                self._tw.line("to show a full traceback on KeyboardInterrupt use --fulltrace", yellow=True)
+                self._tw.line(
+                    "to show a full traceback on KeyboardInterrupt use --fulltrace",
+                    yellow=True,
+                )
                 excrepr.reprcrash.toterminal(self._tw)
 
     def _locationline(self, nodeid, fspath, lineno, domain):
+
         def mkrel(nodeid):
             line = self.config.cwd_relative_nodeid(nodeid)
             if domain and line.endswith(domain):
                 line = line[:-len(domain)]
                 values = domain.split("[")
-                values[0] = values[0].replace('.', '::')  # don't replace '.' in params
+                values[0] = values[0].replace(".", "::")  # don't replace '.' in params
                 line += "[".join(values)
             return line
+
         # collect_fspath comes from testid which has a "/"-normalized path
 
         if fspath:
@@ -567,7 +645,7 @@ class TerminalReporter(object):
         return res + " "
 
     def _getfailureheadline(self, rep):
-        if hasattr(rep, 'location'):
+        if hasattr(rep, "location"):
             fspath, lineno, domain = rep.location
             return domain
         else:
@@ -588,7 +666,7 @@ class TerminalReporter(object):
     def getreports(self, name):
         values = []
         for x in self.stats.get(name, []):
-            if not hasattr(x, '_pdbshown'):
+            if not hasattr(x, "_pdbshown"):
                 values.append(x)
         return values
 
@@ -598,22 +676,24 @@ class TerminalReporter(object):
             if not all_warnings:
                 return
 
-            grouped = itertools.groupby(all_warnings, key=lambda wr: wr.get_location(self.config))
+            grouped = itertools.groupby(
+                all_warnings, key=lambda wr: wr.get_location(self.config)
+            )
 
             self.write_sep("=", "warnings summary", yellow=True, bold=False)
             for location, warning_records in grouped:
-                self._tw.line(str(location) or '<undetermined location>')
+                self._tw.line(str(location) or "<undetermined location>")
                 for w in warning_records:
                     lines = w.message.splitlines()
-                    indented = '\n'.join('  ' + x for x in lines)
+                    indented = "\n".join("  " + x for x in lines)
                     self._tw.line(indented)
                 self._tw.line()
-            self._tw.line('-- Docs: http://doc.pytest.org/en/latest/warnings.html')
+            self._tw.line("-- Docs: http://doc.pytest.org/en/latest/warnings.html")
 
     def summary_passes(self):
         if self.config.option.tbstyle != "no":
             if self.hasopt("P"):
-                reports = self.getreports('passed')
+                reports = self.getreports("passed")
                 if not reports:
                     return
                 self.write_sep("=", "PASSES")
@@ -624,15 +704,15 @@ class TerminalReporter(object):
 
     def print_teardown_sections(self, rep):
         for secname, content in rep.sections:
-            if 'teardown' in secname:
-                self._tw.sep('-', secname)
+            if "teardown" in secname:
+                self._tw.sep("-", secname)
                 if content[-1:] == "\n":
                     content = content[:-1]
                 self._tw.line(content)
 
     def summary_failures(self):
         if self.config.option.tbstyle != "no":
-            reports = self.getreports('failed')
+            reports = self.getreports("failed")
             if not reports:
                 return
             self.write_sep("=", "FAILURES")
@@ -642,22 +722,22 @@ class TerminalReporter(object):
                     self.write_line(line)
                 else:
                     msg = self._getfailureheadline(rep)
-                    markup = {'red': True, 'bold': True}
+                    markup = {"red": True, "bold": True}
                     self.write_sep("_", msg, **markup)
                     self._outrep_summary(rep)
-                    for report in self.getreports(''):
-                        if report.nodeid == rep.nodeid and report.when == 'teardown':
+                    for report in self.getreports(""):
+                        if report.nodeid == rep.nodeid and report.when == "teardown":
                             self.print_teardown_sections(report)
 
     def summary_errors(self):
         if self.config.option.tbstyle != "no":
-            reports = self.getreports('error')
+            reports = self.getreports("error")
             if not reports:
                 return
             self.write_sep("=", "ERRORS")
-            for rep in self.stats['error']:
+            for rep in self.stats["error"]:
                 msg = self._getfailureheadline(rep)
-                if not hasattr(rep, 'when'):
+                if not hasattr(rep, "when"):
                     # collect
                     msg = "ERROR collecting " + msg
                 elif rep.when == "setup":
@@ -670,10 +750,10 @@ class TerminalReporter(object):
     def _outrep_summary(self, rep):
         rep.toterminal(self._tw)
         showcapture = self.config.option.showcapture
-        if showcapture == 'no':
+        if showcapture == "no":
             return
         for secname, content in rep.sections:
-            if showcapture != 'all' and showcapture not in secname:
+            if showcapture != "all" and showcapture not in secname:
                 continue
             self._tw.sep("-", secname)
             if content[-1:] == "\n":
@@ -684,7 +764,7 @@ class TerminalReporter(object):
         session_duration = time.time() - self._sessionstarttime
         (line, color) = build_summary_stats_line(self.stats)
         msg = "%s in %.2f seconds" % (line, session_duration)
-        markup = {color: True, 'bold': True}
+        markup = {color: True, "bold": True}
 
         if self.verbosity >= 0:
             self.write_sep("=", msg, **markup)
@@ -702,8 +782,9 @@ def repr_pythonversion(v=None):
 
 
 def build_summary_stats_line(stats):
-    keys = ("failed passed skipped deselected "
-            "xfailed xpassed warnings error").split()
+    keys = (
+        "failed passed skipped deselected " "xfailed xpassed warnings error"
+    ).split()
     unknown_key_seen = False
     for key in stats.keys():
         if key not in keys:
@@ -721,14 +802,14 @@ def build_summary_stats_line(stats):
     else:
         line = "no tests ran"
 
-    if 'failed' in stats or 'error' in stats:
-        color = 'red'
-    elif 'warnings' in stats or unknown_key_seen:
-        color = 'yellow'
-    elif 'passed' in stats:
-        color = 'green'
+    if "failed" in stats or "error" in stats:
+        color = "red"
+    elif "warnings" in stats or unknown_key_seen:
+        color = "yellow"
+    elif "passed" in stats:
+        color = "green"
     else:
-        color = 'yellow'
+        color = "yellow"
 
     return (line, color)
 
@@ -737,7 +818,7 @@ def _plugin_nameversions(plugininfo):
     values = []
     for plugin, dist in plugininfo:
         # gets us name and version!
-        name = '{dist.project_name}-{dist.version}'.format(dist=dist)
+        name = "{dist.project_name}-{dist.version}".format(dist=dist)
         # questionable convenience, but it keeps things short
         if name.startswith("pytest-"):
             name = name[7:]

_pytest/tmpdir.py

@@ -37,8 +37,9 @@ class TempdirFactory(object):
         if not numbered:
             p = basetemp.mkdir(basename)
         else:
-            p = py.path.local.make_numbered_dir(prefix=basename,
-                                                keep=0, rootdir=basetemp, lock_timeout=None)
+            p = py.path.local.make_numbered_dir(
+                prefix=basename, keep=0, rootdir=basetemp, lock_timeout=None
+            )
         self.trace("mktemp", p)
         return p
 
@@ -59,12 +60,13 @@ class TempdirFactory(object):
                 if user:
                     # use a sub-directory in the temproot to speed-up
                     # make_numbered_dir() call
-                    rootdir = temproot.join('pytest-of-%s' % user)
+                    rootdir = temproot.join("pytest-of-%s" % user)
                 else:
                     rootdir = temproot
                 rootdir.ensure(dir=1)
-                basetemp = py.path.local.make_numbered_dir(prefix='pytest-',
-                                                           rootdir=rootdir)
+                basetemp = py.path.local.make_numbered_dir(
+                    prefix="pytest-", rootdir=rootdir
+                )
             self._basetemp = t = basetemp.realpath()
             self.trace("new basetemp", t)
             return t
@@ -78,6 +80,7 @@ def get_user():
     in the current environment (see #1010).
     """
     import getpass
+
     try:
         return getpass.getuser()
     except (ImportError, KeyError):
@@ -98,11 +101,11 @@ def pytest_configure(config):
     mp = MonkeyPatch()
     t = TempdirFactory(config)
     config._cleanup.extend([mp.undo, t.finish])
-    mp.setattr(config, '_tmpdirhandler', t, raising=False)
-    mp.setattr(pytest, 'ensuretemp', t.ensuretemp, raising=False)
+    mp.setattr(config, "_tmpdirhandler", t, raising=False)
+    mp.setattr(pytest, "ensuretemp", t.ensuretemp, raising=False)
 
 
-@pytest.fixture(scope='session')
+@pytest.fixture(scope="session")
 def tmpdir_factory(request):
     """Return a TempdirFactory instance for the test session.
     """

_pytest/unittest.py

@@ -29,18 +29,19 @@ class UnitTestCase(Class):
 
     def setup(self):
         cls = self.obj
-        if getattr(cls, '__unittest_skip__', False):
+        if getattr(cls, "__unittest_skip__", False):
             return  # skipped
-        setup = getattr(cls, 'setUpClass', None)
+        setup = getattr(cls, "setUpClass", None)
         if setup is not None:
             setup()
-        teardown = getattr(cls, 'tearDownClass', None)
+        teardown = getattr(cls, "tearDownClass", None)
         if teardown is not None:
             self.addfinalizer(teardown)
         super(UnitTestCase, self).setup()
 
     def collect(self):
         from unittest import TestLoader
+
         cls = self.obj
         if not getattr(cls, "__test__", True):
             return
@@ -50,19 +51,19 @@ class UnitTestCase(Class):
         foundsomething = False
         for name in loader.getTestCaseNames(self.obj):
             x = getattr(self.obj, name)
-            if not getattr(x, '__test__', True):
+            if not getattr(x, "__test__", True):
                 continue
-            funcobj = getattr(x, 'im_func', x)
+            funcobj = getattr(x, "im_func", x)
             transfer_markers(funcobj, cls, module)
             yield TestCaseFunction(name, parent=self, callobj=funcobj)
             foundsomething = True
 
         if not foundsomething:
-            runtest = getattr(self.obj, 'runTest', None)
+            runtest = getattr(self.obj, "runTest", None)
             if runtest is not None:
                 ut = sys.modules.get("twisted.trial.unittest", None)
                 if ut is None or runtest != ut.TestCase.runTest:
-                    yield TestCaseFunction('runTest', parent=self)
+                    yield TestCaseFunction("runTest", parent=self)
 
 
 class TestCaseFunction(Function):
@@ -73,7 +74,7 @@ class TestCaseFunction(Function):
         self._testcase = self.parent.obj(self.name)
         self._fix_unittest_skip_decorator()
         self._obj = getattr(self._testcase, self.name)
-        if hasattr(self._testcase, 'setup_method'):
+        if hasattr(self._testcase, "setup_method"):
             self._testcase.setup_method(self._obj)
         if hasattr(self, "_request"):
             self._request._fillfixtures()
@@ -92,7 +93,7 @@ class TestCaseFunction(Function):
             setattr(self._testcase, "__name__", self.name)
 
     def teardown(self):
-        if hasattr(self._testcase, 'teardown_method'):
+        if hasattr(self._testcase, "teardown_method"):
             self._testcase.teardown_method(self._obj)
         # Allow garbage collection on TestCase instance attributes.
         self._testcase = None
@@ -103,26 +104,32 @@ class TestCaseFunction(Function):
 
     def _addexcinfo(self, rawexcinfo):
         # unwrap potential exception info (see twisted trial support below)
-        rawexcinfo = getattr(rawexcinfo, '_rawexcinfo', rawexcinfo)
+        rawexcinfo = getattr(rawexcinfo, "_rawexcinfo", rawexcinfo)
         try:
             excinfo = _pytest._code.ExceptionInfo(rawexcinfo)
         except TypeError:
             try:
                 try:
                     values = traceback.format_exception(*rawexcinfo)
-                    values.insert(0, "NOTE: Incompatible Exception Representation, "
-                                  "displaying natively:\n\n")
+                    values.insert(
+                        0,
+                        "NOTE: Incompatible Exception Representation, "
+                        "displaying natively:\n\n",
+                    )
                     fail("".join(values), pytrace=False)
                 except (fail.Exception, KeyboardInterrupt):
                     raise
                 except:  # noqa
-                    fail("ERROR: Unknown Incompatible Exception "
-                         "representation:\n%r" % (rawexcinfo,), pytrace=False)
+                    fail(
+                        "ERROR: Unknown Incompatible Exception "
+                        "representation:\n%r" % (rawexcinfo,),
+                        pytrace=False,
+                    )
             except KeyboardInterrupt:
                 raise
             except fail.Exception:
                 excinfo = _pytest._code.ExceptionInfo()
-        self.__dict__.setdefault('_excinfo', []).append(excinfo)
+        self.__dict__.setdefault("_excinfo", []).append(excinfo)
 
     def addError(self, testcase, rawexcinfo):
         self._addexcinfo(rawexcinfo)
@@ -156,11 +163,15 @@ class TestCaseFunction(Function):
         # implements the skipping machinery (see #2137)
         # analog to pythons Lib/unittest/case.py:run
         testMethod = getattr(self._testcase, self._testcase._testMethodName)
-        if (getattr(self._testcase.__class__, "__unittest_skip__", False) or
-                getattr(testMethod, "__unittest_skip__", False)):
+        if (
+            getattr(self._testcase.__class__, "__unittest_skip__", False)
+            or getattr(testMethod, "__unittest_skip__", False)
+        ):
             # If the class or method was skipped.
-            skip_why = (getattr(self._testcase.__class__, '__unittest_skip_why__', '') or
-                        getattr(testMethod, '__unittest_skip_why__', ''))
+            skip_why = (
+                getattr(self._testcase.__class__, "__unittest_skip_why__", "")
+                or getattr(testMethod, "__unittest_skip_why__", "")
+            )
             try:  # PY3, unittest2 on PY2
                 self._testcase._addSkip(self, self._testcase, skip_why)
             except TypeError:  # PY2
@@ -182,7 +193,8 @@ class TestCaseFunction(Function):
     def _prunetraceback(self, excinfo):
         Function._prunetraceback(self, excinfo)
         traceback = excinfo.traceback.filter(
-            lambda x: not x.frame.f_globals.get('__unittest'))
+            lambda x: not x.frame.f_globals.get("__unittest")
+        )
         if traceback:
             excinfo.traceback = traceback
 
@@ -197,19 +209,20 @@ def pytest_runtest_makereport(item, call):
             except AttributeError:
                 pass
 
+
 # twisted trial support
 
 
 @hookimpl(hookwrapper=True)
 def pytest_runtest_protocol(item):
-    if isinstance(item, TestCaseFunction) and \
-       'twisted.trial.unittest' in sys.modules:
-        ut = sys.modules['twisted.python.failure']
+    if isinstance(item, TestCaseFunction) and "twisted.trial.unittest" in sys.modules:
+        ut = sys.modules["twisted.python.failure"]
         Failure__init__ = ut.Failure.__init__
         check_testcase_implements_trial_reporter()
 
-        def excstore(self, exc_value=None, exc_type=None, exc_tb=None,
-                     captureVars=None):
+        def excstore(
+            self, exc_value=None, exc_type=None, exc_tb=None, captureVars=None
+        ):
             if exc_value is None:
                 self._rawexcinfo = sys.exc_info()
             else:
@@ -217,8 +230,9 @@ def pytest_runtest_protocol(item):
                     exc_type = type(exc_value)
                 self._rawexcinfo = (exc_type, exc_value, exc_tb)
             try:
-                Failure__init__(self, exc_value, exc_type, exc_tb,
-                                captureVars=captureVars)
+                Failure__init__(
+                    self, exc_value, exc_type, exc_tb, captureVars=captureVars
+                )
             except TypeError:
                 Failure__init__(self, exc_value, exc_type, exc_tb)
 
@@ -234,5 +248,6 @@ def check_testcase_implements_trial_reporter(done=[]):
         return
     from zope.interface import classImplements
     from twisted.trial.itrial import IReporter
+
     classImplements(TestCaseFunction, IReporter)
     done.append(1)

_pytest/warnings.py

@@ -12,13 +12,12 @@ def _setoption(wmod, arg):
     """
     Copy of the warning._setoption function but does not escape arguments.
     """
-    parts = arg.split(':')
+    parts = arg.split(":")
     if len(parts) > 5:
         raise wmod._OptionError("too many fields (max 5): %r" % (arg,))
     while len(parts) < 5:
-        parts.append('')
-    action, message, category, module, lineno = [s.strip()
-                                                 for s in parts]
+        parts.append("")
+    action, message, category, module, lineno = [s.strip() for s in parts]
     action = wmod._getaction(action)
     category = wmod._getcategory(category)
     if lineno:
@@ -36,12 +35,18 @@ def _setoption(wmod, arg):
 def pytest_addoption(parser):
     group = parser.getgroup("pytest-warnings")
     group.addoption(
-        '-W', '--pythonwarnings', action='append',
-        help="set which warnings to report, see -W option of python itself.")
-    parser.addini("filterwarnings", type="linelist",
-                  help="Each line specifies a pattern for "
-                  "warnings.filterwarnings. "
-                  "Processed after -W and --pythonwarnings.")
+        "-W",
+        "--pythonwarnings",
+        action="append",
+        help="set which warnings to report, see -W option of python itself.",
+    )
+    parser.addini(
+        "filterwarnings",
+        type="linelist",
+        help="Each line specifies a pattern for "
+        "warnings.filterwarnings. "
+        "Processed after -W and --pythonwarnings.",
+    )
 
 
 @contextmanager
@@ -51,7 +56,7 @@ def catch_warnings_for_item(item):
     of the given item and after it is done posts them as warnings to this
     item.
     """
-    args = item.config.getoption('pythonwarnings') or []
+    args = item.config.getoption("pythonwarnings") or []
     inifilters = item.config.getini("filterwarnings")
     with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as log:
         for arg in args:
@@ -60,7 +65,7 @@ def catch_warnings_for_item(item):
         for arg in inifilters:
             _setoption(warnings, arg)
 
-        for mark in item.iter_markers(name='filterwarnings'):
+        for mark in item.iter_markers(name="filterwarnings"):
             for arg in mark.args:
                 warnings._setoption(arg)
 
@@ -70,23 +75,35 @@ def catch_warnings_for_item(item):
             warn_msg = warning.message
             unicode_warning = False
 
-            if compat._PY2 and any(isinstance(m, compat.UNICODE_TYPES) for m in warn_msg.args):
+            if (
+                compat._PY2
+                and any(isinstance(m, compat.UNICODE_TYPES) for m in warn_msg.args)
+            ):
                 new_args = []
                 for m in warn_msg.args:
-                    new_args.append(compat.ascii_escaped(m) if isinstance(m, compat.UNICODE_TYPES) else m)
+                    new_args.append(
+                        compat.ascii_escaped(m)
+                        if isinstance(m, compat.UNICODE_TYPES)
+                        else m
+                    )
                 unicode_warning = list(warn_msg.args) != new_args
                 warn_msg.args = new_args
 
             msg = warnings.formatwarning(
-                warn_msg, warning.category,
-                warning.filename, warning.lineno, warning.line)
+                warn_msg,
+                warning.category,
+                warning.filename,
+                warning.lineno,
+                warning.line,
+            )
             item.warn("unused", msg)
 
             if unicode_warning:
                 warnings.warn(
                     "Warning is using unicode non convertible to ascii, "
                     "converting to a safe representation:\n  %s" % msg,
-                    UnicodeWarning)
+                    UnicodeWarning,
+                )
 
 
 @pytest.hookimpl(hookwrapper=True)

bench/bench.py

@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 import sys
 
-if __name__ == '__main__':
+if __name__ == "__main__":
     import cProfile
-    import pytest
+    import pytest  # NOQA
     import pstats
+
     script = sys.argv[1:] if len(sys.argv) > 1 else "empty.py"
-    stats = cProfile.run('pytest.cmdline.main(%r)' % script, 'prof')
+    stats = cProfile.run("pytest.cmdline.main(%r)" % script, "prof")
     p = pstats.Stats("prof")
     p.strip_dirs()
-    p.sort_stats('cumulative')
+    p.sort_stats("cumulative")
     print(p.print_stats(500))

bench/bench_argcomplete.py

@@ -5,15 +5,18 @@
 # FilesCompleter       75.1109   69.2116
 # FastFilesCompleter    0.7383    1.0760
 
+import timeit
 
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    import sys
-    import timeit
-    from argcomplete.completers import FilesCompleter
-    from _pytest._argcomplete import FastFilesCompleter
-    count = 1000 # only a few seconds
-    setup = 'from __main__ import FastFilesCompleter\nfc = FastFilesCompleter()'
-    run = 'fc("/d")'
-    sys.stdout.write('%s\n' % (timeit.timeit(run,
-                                setup=setup.replace('Fast', ''), number=count)))
-    sys.stdout.write('%s\n' % (timeit.timeit(run, setup=setup, number=count)))
+imports = [
+    "from argcomplete.completers import FilesCompleter as completer",
+    "from _pytest._argcomplete import FastFilesCompleter as completer",
+]
+
+count = 1000  # only a few seconds
+setup = "%s\nfc = completer()"
+run = 'fc("/d")'
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    print(timeit.timeit(run, setup=setup % imports[0], number=count))
+    print((timeit.timeit(run, setup=setup % imports[1], number=count)))

bench/empty.py

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
 import py
+
 for i in range(1000):
     py.builtin.exec_("def test_func_%d(): pass" % i)

bench/manyparam.py

@@ -1,12 +1,15 @@
 
 import pytest
 
-@pytest.fixture(scope='module', params=range(966))
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="module", params=range(966))
 def foo(request):
     return request.param
 
+
 def test_it(foo):
     pass
+
+
 def test_it2(foo):
     pass
-

bench/skip.py

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
-
+from six.moves import range
 import pytest
 
 
 SKIP = True
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("x", xrange(5000))
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("x", range(5000))
 def test_foo(x):
     if SKIP:
         pytest.skip("heh")

changelog/3491.bugfix.rst

@@ -1 +1 @@
-Fixed a bug where stdout and stderr were logged twice by junitxml when a test was marked xfail.
+Fixed a bug where stdout and stderr were logged twice by junitxml when a test was marked xfail.

changelog/README.rst

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ text that will be added to the next ``CHANGELOG``.
 The ``CHANGELOG`` will be read by users, so this description should be aimed to pytest users
 instead of describing internal changes which are only relevant to the developers.
 
-Make sure to use full sentences with correct case and punctuation, for example:: 
+Make sure to use full sentences with correct case and punctuation, for example::
 
     Fix issue with non-ascii messages from the ``warnings`` module.
 

doc/en/_templates/links.html

@@ -6,4 +6,3 @@
   <li><a href="https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues">Issue Tracker</a></li>
   <li><a href="https://media.readthedocs.org/pdf/pytest/latest/pytest.pdf">PDF Documentation</a>
 </ul>
-

doc/en/_themes/flask/theme.conf

@@ -6,4 +6,4 @@ pygments_style = flask_theme_support.FlaskyStyle
 [options]
 index_logo = ''
 index_logo_height = 120px
-touch_icon = 
+touch_icon =

doc/en/_themes/flask_theme_support.py

@@ -1,7 +1,19 @@
 # flasky extensions.  flasky pygments style based on tango style
 from pygments.style import Style
-from pygments.token import Keyword, Name, Comment, String, Error, \
-     Number, Operator, Generic, Whitespace, Punctuation, Other, Literal
+from pygments.token import (
+    Keyword,
+    Name,
+    Comment,
+    String,
+    Error,
+    Number,
+    Operator,
+    Generic,
+    Whitespace,
+    Punctuation,
+    Other,
+    Literal,
+)
 
 
 class FlaskyStyle(Style):
@@ -10,77 +22,68 @@ class FlaskyStyle(Style):
 
     styles = {
         # No corresponding class for the following:
-        #Text:                     "", # class:  ''
-        Whitespace:                "underline #f8f8f8",      # class: 'w'
-        Error:                     "#a40000 border:#ef2929", # class: 'err'
-        Other:                     "#000000",                # class 'x'
-
-        Comment:                   "italic #8f5902", # class: 'c'
-        Comment.Preproc:           "noitalic",       # class: 'cp'
-
-        Keyword:                   "bold #004461",   # class: 'k'
-        Keyword.Constant:          "bold #004461",   # class: 'kc'
-        Keyword.Declaration:       "bold #004461",   # class: 'kd'
-        Keyword.Namespace:         "bold #004461",   # class: 'kn'
-        Keyword.Pseudo:            "bold #004461",   # class: 'kp'
-        Keyword.Reserved:          "bold #004461",   # class: 'kr'
-        Keyword.Type:              "bold #004461",   # class: 'kt'
-
-        Operator:                  "#582800",   # class: 'o'
-        Operator.Word:             "bold #004461",   # class: 'ow' - like keywords
-
-        Punctuation:               "bold #000000",   # class: 'p'
-
+        # Text:                     "", # class:  ''
+        Whitespace: "underline #f8f8f8",  # class: 'w'
+        Error: "#a40000 border:#ef2929",  # class: 'err'
+        Other: "#000000",  # class 'x'
+        Comment: "italic #8f5902",  # class: 'c'
+        Comment.Preproc: "noitalic",  # class: 'cp'
+        Keyword: "bold #004461",  # class: 'k'
+        Keyword.Constant: "bold #004461",  # class: 'kc'
+        Keyword.Declaration: "bold #004461",  # class: 'kd'
+        Keyword.Namespace: "bold #004461",  # class: 'kn'
+        Keyword.Pseudo: "bold #004461",  # class: 'kp'
+        Keyword.Reserved: "bold #004461",  # class: 'kr'
+        Keyword.Type: "bold #004461",  # class: 'kt'
+        Operator: "#582800",  # class: 'o'
+        Operator.Word: "bold #004461",  # class: 'ow' - like keywords
+        Punctuation: "bold #000000",  # class: 'p'
         # because special names such as Name.Class, Name.Function, etc.
         # are not recognized as such later in the parsing, we choose them
         # to look the same as ordinary variables.
-        Name:                      "#000000",        # class: 'n'
-        Name.Attribute:            "#c4a000",        # class: 'na' - to be revised
-        Name.Builtin:              "#004461",        # class: 'nb'
-        Name.Builtin.Pseudo:       "#3465a4",        # class: 'bp'
-        Name.Class:                "#000000",        # class: 'nc' - to be revised
-        Name.Constant:             "#000000",        # class: 'no' - to be revised
-        Name.Decorator:            "#888",           # class: 'nd' - to be revised
-        Name.Entity:               "#ce5c00",        # class: 'ni'
-        Name.Exception:            "bold #cc0000",   # class: 'ne'
-        Name.Function:             "#000000",        # class: 'nf'
-        Name.Property:             "#000000",        # class: 'py'
-        Name.Label:                "#f57900",        # class: 'nl'
-        Name.Namespace:            "#000000",        # class: 'nn' - to be revised
-        Name.Other:                "#000000",        # class: 'nx'
-        Name.Tag:                  "bold #004461",   # class: 'nt' - like a keyword
-        Name.Variable:             "#000000",        # class: 'nv' - to be revised
-        Name.Variable.Class:       "#000000",        # class: 'vc' - to be revised
-        Name.Variable.Global:      "#000000",        # class: 'vg' - to be revised
-        Name.Variable.Instance:    "#000000",        # class: 'vi' - to be revised
-
-        Number:                    "#990000",        # class: 'm'
-
-        Literal:                   "#000000",        # class: 'l'
-        Literal.Date:              "#000000",        # class: 'ld'
-
-        String:                    "#4e9a06",        # class: 's'
-        String.Backtick:           "#4e9a06",        # class: 'sb'
-        String.Char:               "#4e9a06",        # class: 'sc'
-        String.Doc:                "italic #8f5902", # class: 'sd' - like a comment
-        String.Double:             "#4e9a06",        # class: 's2'
-        String.Escape:             "#4e9a06",        # class: 'se'
-        String.Heredoc:            "#4e9a06",        # class: 'sh'
-        String.Interpol:           "#4e9a06",        # class: 'si'
-        String.Other:              "#4e9a06",        # class: 'sx'
-        String.Regex:              "#4e9a06",        # class: 'sr'
-        String.Single:             "#4e9a06",        # class: 's1'
-        String.Symbol:             "#4e9a06",        # class: 'ss'
-
-        Generic:                   "#000000",        # class: 'g'
-        Generic.Deleted:           "#a40000",        # class: 'gd'
-        Generic.Emph:              "italic #000000", # class: 'ge'
-        Generic.Error:             "#ef2929",        # class: 'gr'
-        Generic.Heading:           "bold #000080",   # class: 'gh'
-        Generic.Inserted:          "#00A000",        # class: 'gi'
-        Generic.Output:            "#888",           # class: 'go'
-        Generic.Prompt:            "#745334",        # class: 'gp'
-        Generic.Strong:            "bold #000000",   # class: 'gs'
-        Generic.Subheading:        "bold #800080",   # class: 'gu'
-        Generic.Traceback:         "bold #a40000",   # class: 'gt'
+        Name: "#000000",  # class: 'n'
+        Name.Attribute: "#c4a000",  # class: 'na' - to be revised
+        Name.Builtin: "#004461",  # class: 'nb'
+        Name.Builtin.Pseudo: "#3465a4",  # class: 'bp'
+        Name.Class: "#000000",  # class: 'nc' - to be revised
+        Name.Constant: "#000000",  # class: 'no' - to be revised
+        Name.Decorator: "#888",  # class: 'nd' - to be revised
+        Name.Entity: "#ce5c00",  # class: 'ni'
+        Name.Exception: "bold #cc0000",  # class: 'ne'
+        Name.Function: "#000000",  # class: 'nf'
+        Name.Property: "#000000",  # class: 'py'
+        Name.Label: "#f57900",  # class: 'nl'
+        Name.Namespace: "#000000",  # class: 'nn' - to be revised
+        Name.Other: "#000000",  # class: 'nx'
+        Name.Tag: "bold #004461",  # class: 'nt' - like a keyword
+        Name.Variable: "#000000",  # class: 'nv' - to be revised
+        Name.Variable.Class: "#000000",  # class: 'vc' - to be revised
+        Name.Variable.Global: "#000000",  # class: 'vg' - to be revised
+        Name.Variable.Instance: "#000000",  # class: 'vi' - to be revised
+        Number: "#990000",  # class: 'm'
+        Literal: "#000000",  # class: 'l'
+        Literal.Date: "#000000",  # class: 'ld'
+        String: "#4e9a06",  # class: 's'
+        String.Backtick: "#4e9a06",  # class: 'sb'
+        String.Char: "#4e9a06",  # class: 'sc'
+        String.Doc: "italic #8f5902",  # class: 'sd' - like a comment
+        String.Double: "#4e9a06",  # class: 's2'
+        String.Escape: "#4e9a06",  # class: 'se'
+        String.Heredoc: "#4e9a06",  # class: 'sh'
+        String.Interpol: "#4e9a06",  # class: 'si'
+        String.Other: "#4e9a06",  # class: 'sx'
+        String.Regex: "#4e9a06",  # class: 'sr'
+        String.Single: "#4e9a06",  # class: 's1'
+        String.Symbol: "#4e9a06",  # class: 'ss'
+        Generic: "#000000",  # class: 'g'
+        Generic.Deleted: "#a40000",  # class: 'gd'
+        Generic.Emph: "italic #000000",  # class: 'ge'
+        Generic.Error: "#ef2929",  # class: 'gr'
+        Generic.Heading: "bold #000080",  # class: 'gh'
+        Generic.Inserted: "#00A000",  # class: 'gi'
+        Generic.Output: "#888",  # class: 'go'
+        Generic.Prompt: "#745334",  # class: 'gp'
+        Generic.Strong: "bold #000000",  # class: 'gs'
+        Generic.Subheading: "bold #800080",  # class: 'gu'
+        Generic.Traceback: "bold #a40000",  # class: 'gt'
     }

doc/en/announce/index.rst

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ Release announcements
 .. toctree::
    :maxdepth: 2
 
-   
+
    release-3.6.0
    release-3.5.1
    release-3.5.0

doc/en/announce/release-2.0.3.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-py.test 2.0.3: bug fixes and speed ups 
+py.test 2.0.3: bug fixes and speed ups
 ===========================================================================
 
 Welcome to pytest-2.0.3, a maintenance and bug fix release of pytest,
@@ -37,4 +37,3 @@ Changes between 2.0.2 and 2.0.3
   internally)
 
 - fix issue37: avoid invalid characters in junitxml's output
-

doc/en/announce/release-2.1.1.rst

@@ -34,4 +34,3 @@ Changes between 2.1.0 and 2.1.1
 - fix issue59: provide system-out/err tags for junitxml output
 - fix issue61: assertion rewriting on boolean operations with 3 or more operands
 - you can now build a man page with "cd doc ; make man"
-

doc/en/announce/release-2.1.2.rst

@@ -30,4 +30,3 @@ Changes between 2.1.1 and 2.1.2
 - fix issue68 / packages now work with assertion rewriting
 - fix issue66: use different assertion rewriting caches when the -O option is passed
 - don't try assertion rewriting on Jython, use reinterp
-

doc/en/announce/release-2.1.3.rst

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ and integration testing.  See extensive docs with examples here:
 
 The release contains another fix to the perfected assertions introduced
 with the 2.1 series as well as the new possibility to customize reporting
-for assertion expressions on a per-directory level.  
+for assertion expressions on a per-directory level.
 
 If you want to install or upgrade pytest, just type one of::
 

doc/en/announce/release-2.2.1.rst

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ Changes between 2.2.0 and 2.2.1
 ----------------------------------------
 
 - fix issue99 (in pytest and py) internallerrors with resultlog now
-  produce better output - fixed by normalizing pytest_internalerror 
+  produce better output - fixed by normalizing pytest_internalerror
   input arguments.
 - fix issue97 / traceback issues (in pytest and py) improve traceback output
   in conjunction with jinja2 and cython which hack tracebacks
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ Changes between 2.2.0 and 2.2.1
   the final test in a test node will now run its teardown directly
   instead of waiting for the end of the session. Thanks Dave Hunt for
   the good reporting and feedback.  The pytest_runtest_protocol as well
-  as the pytest_runtest_teardown hooks now have "nextitem" available 
+  as the pytest_runtest_teardown hooks now have "nextitem" available
   which will be None indicating the end of the test run.
 - fix collection crash due to unknown-source collected items, thanks
   to Ralf Schmitt (fixed by depending on a more recent pylib)

doc/en/announce/release-2.2.2.rst

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ pytest-2.2.2: bug fixes
 pytest-2.2.2 (updated to 2.2.3 to fix packaging issues) is a minor
 backward-compatible release of the versatile py.test testing tool.   It
 contains bug fixes and a few refinements particularly to reporting with
-"--collectonly", see below for betails.  
+"--collectonly", see below for betails.
 
 For general information see here:
 
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ Changes between 2.2.1 and 2.2.2
 
 - fix issue101: wrong args to unittest.TestCase test function now
   produce better output
-- fix issue102: report more useful errors and hints for when a 
+- fix issue102: report more useful errors and hints for when a
   test directory was renamed and some pyc/__pycache__ remain
 - fix issue106: allow parametrize to be applied multiple times
   e.g. from module, class and at function level.
@@ -38,6 +38,6 @@ Changes between 2.2.1 and 2.2.2
 - fix issue115: make --collectonly robust against early failure
   (missing files/directories)
 - "-qq --collectonly" now shows only files and the number of tests in them
-- "-q --collectonly" now shows test ids 
+- "-q --collectonly" now shows test ids
 - allow adding of attributes to test reports such that it also works
   with distributed testing (no upgrade of pytest-xdist needed)

doc/en/announce/release-2.2.4.rst

@@ -36,4 +36,3 @@ Changes between 2.2.3 and 2.2.4
   configure/sessionstart where called
 - fix issue #144: better mangle test ids to junitxml classnames
 - upgrade distribute_setup.py to 0.6.27
-

doc/en/announce/release-2.3.0.rst

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 pytest-2.3: improved fixtures / better unittest integration
 =============================================================================
 
-pytest-2.3 comes with many major improvements for fixture/funcarg management 
+pytest-2.3 comes with many major improvements for fixture/funcarg management
 and parametrized testing in Python.  It is now easier, more efficient and
 more predicatable to re-run the same tests with different fixture
 instances.  Also, you can directly declare the caching "scope" of
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ fixtures so that dependent tests throughout your whole test suite can
 re-use database or other expensive fixture objects with ease.  Lastly,
 it's possible for fixture functions (formerly known as funcarg
 factories) to use other fixtures, allowing for a completely modular and
-re-useable fixture design. 
+re-useable fixture design.
 
 For detailed info and tutorial-style examples, see:
 
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ All changes are backward compatible and you should be able to continue
 to run your test suites and 3rd party plugins that worked with
 pytest-2.2.4.
 
-If you are interested in the precise reasoning (including examples) of the 
+If you are interested in the precise reasoning (including examples) of the
 pytest-2.3 fixture evolution, please consult
 http://pytest.org/latest/funcarg_compare.html
 
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ and more details for those already in the knowing of pytest can be found
 in the CHANGELOG below.
 
 Particular thanks for this release go to Floris Bruynooghe, Alex Okrushko
-Carl Meyer, Ronny Pfannschmidt, Benjamin Peterson and Alex Gaynor for helping 
+Carl Meyer, Ronny Pfannschmidt, Benjamin Peterson and Alex Gaynor for helping
 to get the new features right and well integrated.  Ronny and Floris
 also helped to fix a number of bugs and yet more people helped by
 providing bug reports.
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ Changes between 2.2.4 and 2.3.0
 - pluginmanager.register(...) now raises ValueError if the
   plugin has been already registered or the name is taken
 
-- fix issue159: improve http://pytest.org/latest/faq.html 
+- fix issue159: improve http://pytest.org/latest/faq.html
   especially with respect to the "magic" history, also mention
   pytest-django, trial and unittest integration.
 
@@ -125,10 +125,9 @@ Changes between 2.2.4 and 2.3.0
     you can use startdir.bestrelpath(yourpath) to show
     nice relative path
 
-  - allow plugins to implement both pytest_report_header and 
+  - allow plugins to implement both pytest_report_header and
     pytest_sessionstart (sessionstart is invoked first).
 
   - don't show deselected reason line if there is none
 
   - py.test -vv will show all of assert comparisons instead of truncating
-

doc/en/announce/release-2.3.1.rst

@@ -3,16 +3,16 @@ pytest-2.3.1: fix regression with factory functions
 
 pytest-2.3.1 is a quick follow-up release:
 
-- fix issue202 - regression with fixture functions/funcarg factories:  
-  using "self" is now safe again and works as in 2.2.4.  Thanks 
+- fix issue202 - regression with fixture functions/funcarg factories:
+  using "self" is now safe again and works as in 2.2.4.  Thanks
   to Eduard Schettino for the quick bug report.
 
-- disable pexpect pytest self tests on Freebsd - thanks Koob for the 
+- disable pexpect pytest self tests on Freebsd - thanks Koob for the
   quick reporting
 
 - fix/improve interactive docs with --markers
 
-See 
+See
 
      http://pytest.org/
 

doc/en/announce/release-2.3.2.rst

@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ pytest-2.3.2 is another stabilization release:
 - fix teardown-ordering for parametrized setups
 - fix unittest and trial compat behaviour with respect  to runTest() methods
 - issue 206 and others: some improvements to packaging
-- fix issue127 and others: improve some docs 
+- fix issue127 and others: improve some docs
 
-See 
+See
 
      http://pytest.org/
 
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ holger krekel
 Changes between 2.3.1 and 2.3.2
 -----------------------------------
 
-- fix issue208 and fix issue29 use new py version to avoid long pauses 
+- fix issue208 and fix issue29 use new py version to avoid long pauses
   when printing tracebacks in long modules
 
 - fix issue205 - conftests in subdirs customizing

doc/en/announce/release-2.3.3.rst

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ which offers uebersimple assertions, scalable fixture mechanisms
 and deep customization for testing with Python.  Particularly,
 this release provides:
 
-- integration fixes and improvements related to flask, numpy, nose, 
+- integration fixes and improvements related to flask, numpy, nose,
   unittest, mock
 
 - makes pytest work on py24 again (yes, people sometimes still need to use it)
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ this release provides:
 Thanks to Manuel Jacob, Thomas Waldmann, Ronny Pfannschmidt, Pavel Repin
 and Andreas Taumoefolau for providing patches and all for the issues.
 
-See 
+See
 
      http://pytest.org/
 
@@ -59,4 +59,3 @@ Changes between 2.3.2 and 2.3.3
 
 - fix issue127 - improve documentation for pytest_addoption() and
   add a ``config.getoption(name)`` helper function for consistency.
-

doc/en/announce/release-2.3.4.rst

@@ -10,10 +10,10 @@ comes with the following fixes and features:
   can write: -k "name1 or name2" etc.  This is a slight usage incompatibility
   if you used special syntax like "TestClass.test_method" which you now
   need to write as -k "TestClass and test_method" to match a certain
-  method in a certain test class.  
+  method in a certain test class.
 - allow to dynamically define markers via
   item.keywords[...]=assignment integrating with "-m" option
-- yielded test functions will now have autouse-fixtures active but 
+- yielded test functions will now have autouse-fixtures active but
   cannot accept fixtures as funcargs - it's anyway recommended to
   rather use the post-2.0 parametrize features instead of yield, see:
   http://pytest.org/latest/example/parametrize.html
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ comes with the following fixes and features:
 
 Thanks in particular to Thomas Waldmann for spotting and reporting issues.
 
-See 
+See
 
      http://pytest.org/
 

doc/en/announce/release-2.3.5.rst

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ few interesting new plugins saw the light last month:
 - pytest-random: randomize test ordering
 
 And several others like pytest-django saw maintenance releases.
-For a more complete list, check out 
+For a more complete list, check out
 https://pypi.org/search/?q=pytest
 
 For general information see:
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ Changes between 2.3.4 and 2.3.5
 - fix bug where using capsys with pytest.set_trace() in a test
   function would break when looking at capsys.readouterr()
 
-- allow to specify prefixes starting with "_" when 
+- allow to specify prefixes starting with "_" when
   customizing python_functions test discovery. (thanks Graham Horler)
 
 - improve PYTEST_DEBUG tracing output by putting
@@ -94,4 +94,3 @@ Changes between 2.3.4 and 2.3.5
 - fix issue134 - print the collect errors that prevent running specified test items
 
 - fix issue266 - accept unicode in MarkEvaluator expressions
-

doc/en/announce/release-2.4.0.rst

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 pytest-2.4.0: new fixture features/hooks and bug fixes
 ===========================================================================
 
-The just released pytest-2.4.0 brings many improvements and numerous 
+The just released pytest-2.4.0 brings many improvements and numerous
 bug fixes while remaining plugin- and test-suite compatible apart
-from a few supposedly very minor incompatibilities.  See below for 
+from a few supposedly very minor incompatibilities.  See below for
 a full list of details.  A few feature highlights:
 
 - new yield-style fixtures `pytest.yield_fixture
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ a full list of details.  A few feature highlights:
 - improved pdb support: ``import pdb ; pdb.set_trace()`` now works
   without requiring prior disabling of stdout/stderr capturing.
   Also the ``--pdb`` options works now on collection and internal errors
-  and we introduced a new experimental hook for IDEs/plugins to 
+  and we introduced a new experimental hook for IDEs/plugins to
   intercept debugging: ``pytest_exception_interact(node, call, report)``.
 
 - shorter monkeypatch variant to allow specifying an import path as
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ a full list of details.  A few feature highlights:
   called if the corresponding setup method succeeded.
 
 - integrate tab-completion on command line options if you
-  have `argcomplete <https://pypi.org/project/argcomplete/>`_ 
+  have `argcomplete <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/argcomplete>`_
   configured.
 
 - allow boolean expression directly with skipif/xfail
@@ -36,8 +36,8 @@ a full list of details.  A few feature highlights:
 - reporting: color the last line red or green depending if
   failures/errors occurred or everything passed.
 
-The documentation has been updated to accommodate the changes, 
-see `http://pytest.org <http://pytest.org>`_ 
+The documentation has been updated to accommodate the changes,
+see `http://pytest.org <http://pytest.org>`_
 
 To install or upgrade pytest::
 
@@ -45,8 +45,8 @@ To install or upgrade pytest::
     easy_install -U pytest
 
 
-**Many thanks to all who helped, including Floris Bruynooghe, 
-Brianna Laugher, Andreas Pelme, Anthon van der Neut, Anatoly Bubenkoff, 
+**Many thanks to all who helped, including Floris Bruynooghe,
+Brianna Laugher, Andreas Pelme, Anthon van der Neut, Anatoly Bubenkoff,
 Vladimir Keleshev, Mathieu Agopian, Ronny Pfannschmidt, Christian
 Theunert and many others.**
 
@@ -101,12 +101,12 @@ new features:
 - make "import pdb ; pdb.set_trace()" work natively wrt capturing (no
   "-s" needed anymore), making ``pytest.set_trace()`` a mere shortcut.
 
-- fix issue181: --pdb now also works on collect errors (and 
-  on internal errors) .  This was implemented by a slight internal 
-  refactoring and the introduction of a new hook 
+- fix issue181: --pdb now also works on collect errors (and
+  on internal errors) .  This was implemented by a slight internal
+  refactoring and the introduction of a new hook
   ``pytest_exception_interact`` hook (see next item).
 
-- fix issue341: introduce new experimental hook for IDEs/terminals to 
+- fix issue341: introduce new experimental hook for IDEs/terminals to
   intercept debugging: ``pytest_exception_interact(node, call, report)``.
 
 - new monkeypatch.setattr() variant to provide a shorter
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ new features:
   phase of a node.
 
 - simplify pytest.mark.parametrize() signature: allow to pass a
-  CSV-separated string to specify argnames.  For example: 
+  CSV-separated string to specify argnames.  For example:
   ``pytest.mark.parametrize("input,expected",  [(1,2), (2,3)])``
   works as well as the previous:
   ``pytest.mark.parametrize(("input", "expected"), ...)``.
@@ -149,10 +149,10 @@ new features:
 
 Bug fixes:
 
-- fix issue358 - capturing options are now parsed more properly 
+- fix issue358 - capturing options are now parsed more properly
   by using a new parser.parse_known_args method.
 
-- pytest now uses argparse instead of optparse (thanks Anthon) which 
+- pytest now uses argparse instead of optparse (thanks Anthon) which
   means that "argparse" is added as a dependency if installing into python2.6
   environments or below.
 
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ Bug fixes:
 - fix issue323 - sorting of many module-scoped arg parametrizations
 
 - make sessionfinish hooks execute with the same cwd-context as at
-  session start (helps fix plugin behaviour which write output files 
+  session start (helps fix plugin behaviour which write output files
   with relative path such as pytest-cov)
 
 - fix issue316 - properly reference collection hooks in docs
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ Bug fixes:
 - fix issue 306 - cleanup of -k/-m options to only match markers/test
   names/keywords respectively.  Thanks Wouter van Ackooy.
 
-- improved doctest counting for doctests in python modules -- 
+- improved doctest counting for doctests in python modules --
   files without any doctest items will not show up anymore
   and doctest examples are counted as separate test items.
   thanks Danilo Bellini.
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ Bug fixes:
   mode. Thanks Jason R. Coombs.
 
 - fix junitxml generation when test output contains control characters,
-  addressing issue267, thanks Jaap Broekhuizen 
+  addressing issue267, thanks Jaap Broekhuizen
 
 - fix issue338: honor --tb style for setup/teardown errors as well.  Thanks Maho.
 
@@ -220,6 +220,5 @@ Bug fixes:
 - better parametrize error messages, thanks Brianna Laugher
 
 - pytest_terminal_summary(terminalreporter) hooks can now use
-  ".section(title)" and ".line(msg)" methods to print extra 
+  ".section(title)" and ".line(msg)" methods to print extra
   information at the end of a test run.
-

doc/en/announce/release-2.4.1.rst

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ compared to 2.3.5 before they hit more people:
   "type" keyword should also be converted to the respective types.
   thanks Floris Bruynooghe, @dnozay. (fixes issue360 and issue362)
 
-- fix dotted filename completion when using argcomplete 
+- fix dotted filename completion when using argcomplete
   thanks Anthon van der Neuth. (fixes issue361)
 
 - fix regression when a 1-tuple ("arg",) is used for specifying

doc/en/announce/release-2.4.2.rst

@@ -26,9 +26,9 @@ pytest-2.4.2 is another bug-fixing release:
 
 - remove attempt to "dup" stdout at startup as it's icky.
   the normal capturing should catch enough possibilities
-  of tests messing up standard FDs. 
+  of tests messing up standard FDs.
 
-- add pluginmanager.do_configure(config) as a link to 
+- add pluginmanager.do_configure(config) as a link to
   config.do_configure() for plugin-compatibility
 
 as usual, docs at http://pytest.org and upgrades via::

doc/en/announce/release-2.5.0.rst

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ pytest-2.5.0: now down to ZERO reported bugs!
 pytest-2.5.0 is a big fixing release, the result of two community bug
 fixing days plus numerous additional works from many people and
 reporters.  The release should be fully compatible to 2.4.2, existing
-plugins and test suites.  We aim at maintaining this level of ZERO reported 
+plugins and test suites.  We aim at maintaining this level of ZERO reported
 bugs because it's no fun if your testing tool has bugs, is it?  Under a
 condition, though: when submitting a bug report please provide
 clear information about the circumstances and a simple example which
@@ -17,12 +17,12 @@ help.
 For those who use older Python versions, please note that pytest is not
 automatically tested on python2.5 due to virtualenv, setuptools and tox
 not supporting it anymore.  Manual verification shows that it mostly
-works fine but it's not going to be part of the automated release 
+works fine but it's not going to be part of the automated release
 process and thus likely to break in the future.
 
-As usual, current docs are at 
+As usual, current docs are at
 
-    http://pytest.org 
+    http://pytest.org
 
 and you can upgrade from pypi via::
 
@@ -40,28 +40,28 @@ holger krekel
 2.5.0
 -----------------------------------
 
-- dropped python2.5 from automated release testing of pytest itself 
-  which means it's probably going to break soon (but still works 
+- dropped python2.5 from automated release testing of pytest itself
+  which means it's probably going to break soon (but still works
   with this release we believe).
 
 - simplified and fixed implementation for calling finalizers when
-  parametrized fixtures or function arguments are involved.  finalization 
+  parametrized fixtures or function arguments are involved.  finalization
   is now performed lazily at setup time instead of in the "teardown phase".
-  While this might sound odd at first, it helps to ensure that we are 
+  While this might sound odd at first, it helps to ensure that we are
   correctly handling setup/teardown even in complex code.  User-level code
   should not be affected unless it's implementing the pytest_runtest_teardown
   hook and expecting certain fixture instances are torn down within (very
   unlikely and would have been unreliable anyway).
 
-- PR90: add --color=yes|no|auto option to force terminal coloring 
+- PR90: add --color=yes|no|auto option to force terminal coloring
   mode ("auto" is default).  Thanks Marc Abramowitz.
 
 - fix issue319 - correctly show unicode in assertion errors.  Many
   thanks to Floris Bruynooghe for the complete PR.  Also means
   we depend on py>=1.4.19 now.
 
-- fix issue396 - correctly sort and finalize class-scoped parametrized 
-  tests independently from number of methods on the class.  
+- fix issue396 - correctly sort and finalize class-scoped parametrized
+  tests independently from number of methods on the class.
 
 - refix issue323 in a better way -- parametrization should now never
   cause Runtime Recursion errors because the underlying algorithm
@@ -70,18 +70,18 @@ holger krekel
   to problems for more than >966 non-function scoped parameters).
 
 - fix issue290 - there is preliminary support now for parametrizing
-  with repeated same values (sometimes useful to test if calling 
+  with repeated same values (sometimes useful to test if calling
   a second time works as with the first time).
 
 - close issue240 - document precisely how pytest module importing
-  works, discuss the two common test directory layouts, and how it 
+  works, discuss the two common test directory layouts, and how it
   interacts with PEP420-namespace packages.
 
 - fix issue246 fix finalizer order to be LIFO on independent fixtures
-  depending on a parametrized higher-than-function scoped fixture. 
+  depending on a parametrized higher-than-function scoped fixture.
   (was quite some effort so please bear with the complexity of this sentence :)
   Thanks Ralph Schmitt for the precise failure example.
- 
+
 - fix issue244 by implementing special index for parameters to only use
   indices for paramentrized test ids
 
@@ -99,9 +99,9 @@ holger krekel
   filtering with simple strings that are not valid python expressions.
   Examples: "-k 1.3" matches all tests parametrized with 1.3.
   "-k None" filters all tests that have "None" in their name
-  and conversely "-k 'not None'". 
+  and conversely "-k 'not None'".
   Previously these examples would raise syntax errors.
-  
+
 - fix issue384 by removing the trial support code
   since the unittest compat enhancements allow
   trial to handle it on its own
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ holger krekel
 - don't hide an ImportError when importing a plugin produces one.
   fixes issue375.
 
-- fix issue275 - allow usefixtures and autouse fixtures 
+- fix issue275 - allow usefixtures and autouse fixtures
   for running doctest text files.
 
 - fix issue380 by making --resultlog only rely on longrepr instead
@@ -135,20 +135,20 @@ holger krekel
   (it already did neutralize pytest.mark.xfail markers)
 
 - refine pytest / pkg_resources interactions: The AssertionRewritingHook
-  PEP302 compliant loader now registers itself with setuptools/pkg_resources 
+  PEP302 compliant loader now registers itself with setuptools/pkg_resources
   properly so that the pkg_resources.resource_stream method works properly.
   Fixes issue366.  Thanks for the investigations and full PR to Jason R. Coombs.
 
 - pytestconfig fixture is now session-scoped as it is the same object during the
-  whole test run.  Fixes issue370. 
+  whole test run.  Fixes issue370.
 
 - avoid one surprising case of marker malfunction/confusion::
-  
+
       @pytest.mark.some(lambda arg: ...)
       def test_function():
 
-  would not work correctly because pytest assumes @pytest.mark.some 
-  gets a function to be decorated already.  We now at least detect if this 
+  would not work correctly because pytest assumes @pytest.mark.some
+  gets a function to be decorated already.  We now at least detect if this
   arg is a lambda and thus the example will work.  Thanks Alex Gaynor
   for bringing it up.
 
@@ -159,11 +159,11 @@ holger krekel
   although it's not needed by pytest itself atm.  Also
   fix caching.  Fixes issue376.
 
-- fix issue221 - handle importing of namespace-package with no 
+- fix issue221 - handle importing of namespace-package with no
   __init__.py properly.
 
 - refactor internal FixtureRequest handling to avoid monkeypatching.
-  One of the positive user-facing effects is that the "request" object 
+  One of the positive user-facing effects is that the "request" object
   can now be used in closures.
 
 - fixed version comparison in pytest.importskip(modname, minverstring)
@@ -172,4 +172,3 @@ holger krekel
   does not duplicate the unittest-API into the "plain" namespace.
 
 - fix verbose reporting for @mock'd test functions
-

doc/en/announce/release-2.5.1.rst

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 pytest-2.5.1: fixes and new home page styling
 ===========================================================================
 
-pytest is a mature Python testing tool with more than a 1000 tests 
-against itself, passing on many different interpreters and platforms.  
+pytest is a mature Python testing tool with more than a 1000 tests
+against itself, passing on many different interpreters and platforms.
 
 The 2.5.1 release maintains the "zero-reported-bugs" promise by fixing
 the three bugs reported since the last release a few days ago.  It also
@@ -11,12 +11,12 @@ the flask theme from Armin Ronacher:
 
     http://pytest.org
 
-If you have anything more to improve styling and docs, 
+If you have anything more to improve styling and docs,
 we'd be very happy to merge further pull requests.
 
 On the coding side, the release also contains a little enhancement to
 fixture decorators allowing to directly influence generation of test
-ids, thanks to Floris Bruynooghe.  Other thanks for helping with 
+ids, thanks to Floris Bruynooghe.  Other thanks for helping with
 this release go to Anatoly Bubenkoff and Ronny Pfannschmidt.
 
 As usual, you can upgrade from pypi via::
@@ -37,11 +37,10 @@ holger krekel
 
 - Allow parameterized fixtures to specify the ID of the parameters by
   adding an ids argument to pytest.fixture() and pytest.yield_fixture().
-  Thanks Floris Bruynooghe. 
+  Thanks Floris Bruynooghe.
 
 - fix issue404 by always using the binary xml escape in the junitxml
   plugin.  Thanks Ronny Pfannschmidt.
 
 - fix issue407: fix addoption docstring to point to argparse instead of
   optparse. Thanks Daniel D. Wright.
-

doc/en/announce/release-2.5.2.rst

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-pytest-2.5.2: fixes 
+pytest-2.5.2: fixes
 ===========================================================================
 
-pytest is a mature Python testing tool with more than a 1000 tests 
-against itself, passing on many different interpreters and platforms.  
+pytest is a mature Python testing tool with more than a 1000 tests
+against itself, passing on many different interpreters and platforms.
 
 The 2.5.2 release fixes a few bugs with two maybe-bugs remaining and
 actively being worked on (and waiting for the bug reporter's input).
@@ -19,18 +19,18 @@ As usual, you can upgrade from pypi via::
 
 Thanks to the following people who contributed to this release:
 
-    Anatoly Bubenkov 
+    Anatoly Bubenkov
     Ronny Pfannschmidt
     Floris Bruynooghe
-    Bruno Oliveira 
-    Andreas Pelme 
+    Bruno Oliveira
+    Andreas Pelme
     Jurko Gospodnetić
-    Piotr Banaszkiewicz 
-    Simon Liedtke 
-    lakka 
-    Lukasz Balcerzak 
-    Philippe Muller 
-    Daniel Hahler 
+    Piotr Banaszkiewicz
+    Simon Liedtke
+    lakka
+    Lukasz Balcerzak
+    Philippe Muller
+    Daniel Hahler
 
 have fun,
 holger krekel
@@ -39,11 +39,11 @@ holger krekel
 -----------------------------------
 
 - fix issue409 -- better interoperate with cx_freeze by not
-  trying to import from collections.abc which causes problems 
+  trying to import from collections.abc which causes problems
   for py27/cx_freeze.  Thanks Wolfgang L. for reporting and tracking it down.
 
 - fixed docs and code to use "pytest" instead of "py.test" almost everywhere.
-  Thanks Jurko Gospodnetic for the complete PR.  
+  Thanks Jurko Gospodnetic for the complete PR.
 
 - fix issue425: mention at end of "py.test -h" that --markers
   and --fixtures work according to specified test path (or current dir)
@@ -54,11 +54,10 @@ holger krekel
 
 - copy, cleanup and integrate py.io capture
   from pylib 1.4.20.dev2 (rev 13d9af95547e)
-  
+
 - address issue416: clarify docs as to conftest.py loading semantics
 
 - fix issue429: comparing byte strings with non-ascii chars in assert
   expressions now work better.  Thanks Floris Bruynooghe.
 
 - make capfd/capsys.capture private, its unused and shouldn't be exposed
-

doc/en/announce/release-2.6.1.rst

@@ -56,4 +56,3 @@ Changes 2.6.1
 
 - don't use py.std import helper, rather import things directly.
   Thanks Bruno Oliveira.
-

doc/en/announce/release-2.6.2.rst

@@ -49,4 +49,3 @@ holger krekel
 - Do not mark as universal wheel because Python 2.6 is different from
   other builds due to the extra argparse dependency.  Fixes issue566.
   Thanks sontek.
-

doc/en/announce/release-2.6.3.rst

@@ -49,4 +49,3 @@ Changes 2.6.3
 
 - check xfail/skip also with non-python function test items. Thanks
   Floris Bruynooghe.
-

doc/en/announce/release-2.7.0.rst

@@ -98,4 +98,3 @@ holger krekel
 - On failure, the ``sys.last_value``, ``sys.last_type`` and
   ``sys.last_traceback`` are set, so that a user can inspect the error
   via postmortem debugging (almarklein).
-

doc/en/announce/release-2.7.2.rst

@@ -55,4 +55,3 @@ The py.test Development Team
 
 - fix issue756, fix issue752 (and similar issues): depend on py-1.4.29
   which has a refined algorithm for traceback generation.
-

doc/en/announce/release-2.8.3.rst

@@ -53,7 +53,6 @@ The py.test Development Team
   Thanks Gabriel Reis for the PR.
 
 - add more talks to the documentation
-- extend documentation on the --ignore cli option 
-- use pytest-runner for setuptools integration 
+- extend documentation on the --ignore cli option
+- use pytest-runner for setuptools integration
 - minor fixes for interaction with OS X El Capitan system integrity protection (thanks Florian)
-

doc/en/announce/release-2.8.7.rst

@@ -28,4 +28,4 @@ The py.test Development Team
 2.8.7 (compared to 2.8.6)
 -------------------------
 
-- fix #1338: use predictable object resolution for monkeypatch
+- fix #1338: use predictable object resolution for monkeypatch

doc/en/announce/release-2.9.0.rst

@@ -14,25 +14,25 @@ As usual, you can upgrade from pypi via::
 
 Thanks to all who contributed to this release, among them:
 
-    Anatoly Bubenkov                                                                                                                                                                                                         
-    Bruno Oliveira                                                                                                                                                                                                           
-    Buck Golemon                                                                                                                                                                                                             
-    David Vierra                                                                                                                                                                                                             
-    Florian Bruhin                                                                                                                                                                                                           
-    Galaczi Endre                                                                                                                                                                                                            
-    Georgy Dyuldin                                                                                                                                                                                                           
-    Lukas Bednar                                                                                                                                                                                                             
-    Luke Murphy                                                                                                                                                                                                              
-    Marcin Biernat                                                                                                                                                                                                           
-    Matt Williams                                                                                                                                                                                                            
-    Michael Aquilina                                                                                                                                                                                                         
-    Raphael Pierzina                                                                                                                                                                                                         
-    Ronny Pfannschmidt                                                                                                                                                                                                       
-    Ryan Wooden                                                                                                                                                                                                              
-    Tiemo Kieft                                                                                                                                                                                                              
-    TomV                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
-    holger krekel                                                                                                                                                                                                            
-    jab   
+    Anatoly Bubenkov
+    Bruno Oliveira
+    Buck Golemon
+    David Vierra
+    Florian Bruhin
+    Galaczi Endre
+    Georgy Dyuldin
+    Lukas Bednar
+    Luke Murphy
+    Marcin Biernat
+    Matt Williams
+    Michael Aquilina
+    Raphael Pierzina
+    Ronny Pfannschmidt
+    Ryan Wooden
+    Tiemo Kieft
+    TomV
+    holger krekel
+    jab
 
 
 Happy testing,
@@ -76,18 +76,18 @@ The py.test Development Team
 **Changes**
 
 * **Important**: `py.code <https://pylib.readthedocs.io/en/latest/code.html>`_ has been
-  merged into the ``pytest`` repository as ``pytest._code``. This decision 
-  was made because ``py.code`` had very few uses outside ``pytest`` and the 
-  fact that it was in a different repository made it difficult to fix bugs on 
+  merged into the ``pytest`` repository as ``pytest._code``. This decision
+  was made because ``py.code`` had very few uses outside ``pytest`` and the
+  fact that it was in a different repository made it difficult to fix bugs on
   its code in a timely manner. The team hopes with this to be able to better
   refactor out and improve that code.
   This change shouldn't affect users, but it is useful to let users aware
   if they encounter any strange behavior.
-  
-  Keep in mind that the code for ``pytest._code`` is **private** and 
+
+  Keep in mind that the code for ``pytest._code`` is **private** and
   **experimental**, so you definitely should not import it explicitly!
 
-  Please note that the original ``py.code`` is still available in 
+  Please note that the original ``py.code`` is still available in
   `pylib <https://pylib.readthedocs.io>`_.
 
 * ``pytest_enter_pdb`` now optionally receives the pytest config object.
@@ -129,8 +129,8 @@ The py.test Development Team
 
 * Fix (`#1422`_): junit record_xml_property doesn't allow multiple records
   with same name.
-  
-  
+
+
 .. _`traceback style docs`: https://pytest.org/latest/usage.html#modifying-python-traceback-printing
 
 .. _#1422: https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/1422
@@ -156,4 +156,4 @@ The py.test Development Team
 .. _@tomviner: https://github.com/tomviner
 .. _@RonnyPfannschmidt: https://github.com/RonnyPfannschmidt
 .. _@rabbbit: https://github.com/rabbbit
-.. _@hackebrot: https://github.com/hackebrot
+.. _@hackebrot: https://github.com/hackebrot

doc/en/announce/release-2.9.1.rst

@@ -14,17 +14,17 @@ As usual, you can upgrade from pypi via::
 
 Thanks to all who contributed to this release, among them:
 
-    Bruno Oliveira                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
-    Daniel Hahler                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
-    Dmitry Malinovsky                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
-    Florian Bruhin                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
-    Floris Bruynooghe                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
-    Matt Bachmann                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
-    Ronny Pfannschmidt                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
-    TomV                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
-    Vladimir Bolshakov                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
-    Zearin                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
-    palaviv   
+    Bruno Oliveira
+    Daniel Hahler
+    Dmitry Malinovsky
+    Florian Bruhin
+    Floris Bruynooghe
+    Matt Bachmann
+    Ronny Pfannschmidt
+    TomV
+    Vladimir Bolshakov
+    Zearin
+    palaviv
 
 
 Happy testing,

doc/en/announce/release-3.0.0.rst

@@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ against itself, passing on many different interpreters and platforms.
 
 This release contains a lot of bugs fixes and improvements, and much of
 the work done on it was possible because of the 2016 Sprint[1], which
-was funded by an indiegogo campaign which raised over US$12,000 with 
-nearly 100 backers. 
+was funded by an indiegogo campaign which raised over US$12,000 with
+nearly 100 backers.
 
-There's a "What's new in pytest 3.0" [2] blog post highlighting the 
+There's a "What's new in pytest 3.0" [2] blog post highlighting the
 major features in this release.
 
 To see the complete changelog and documentation, please visit:

doc/en/announce/release-3.0.1.rst

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ This release fixes some regressions reported in version 3.0.0, being a
 drop-in replacement. To upgrade:
 
   pip install --upgrade pytest
-  
+
 The changelog is available at http://doc.pytest.org/en/latest/changelog.html.
 
 Thanks to all who contributed to this release, among them:

doc/en/announce/release-3.0.2.rst

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ This release fixes some regressions and bugs reported in version 3.0.1, being a
 drop-in replacement. To upgrade::
 
   pip install --upgrade pytest
-  
+
 The changelog is available at http://doc.pytest.org/en/latest/changelog.html.
 
 Thanks to all who contributed to this release, among them:

doc/en/announce/release-3.0.3.rst

@@ -3,11 +3,11 @@ pytest-3.0.3
 
 pytest 3.0.3 has just been released to PyPI.
 
-This release fixes some regressions and bugs reported in the last version, 
+This release fixes some regressions and bugs reported in the last version,
 being a drop-in replacement. To upgrade::
 
   pip install --upgrade pytest
-  
+
 The changelog is available at http://doc.pytest.org/en/latest/changelog.html.
 
 Thanks to all who contributed to this release, among them:

doc/en/announce/release-3.0.4.rst

@@ -3,11 +3,11 @@ pytest-3.0.4
 
 pytest 3.0.4 has just been released to PyPI.
 
-This release fixes some regressions and bugs reported in the last version, 
+This release fixes some regressions and bugs reported in the last version,
 being a drop-in replacement. To upgrade::
 
   pip install --upgrade pytest
-  
+
 The changelog is available at http://doc.pytest.org/en/latest/changelog.html.
 
 Thanks to all who contributed to this release, among them:

doc/en/announce/release-3.0.5.rst

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ pytest 3.0.5 has just been released to PyPI.
 This is a bug-fix release, being a drop-in replacement. To upgrade::
 
   pip install --upgrade pytest
-  
+
 The changelog is available at http://doc.pytest.org/en/latest/changelog.html.
 
 Thanks to all who contributed to this release, among them:

doc/en/announce/release-3.0.6.rst

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ pytest 3.0.6 has just been released to PyPI.
 This is a bug-fix release, being a drop-in replacement. To upgrade::
 
   pip install --upgrade pytest
-  
+
 The full changelog is available at http://doc.pytest.org/en/latest/changelog.html.
 
 

doc/en/announce/release-3.0.7.rst

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ pytest 3.0.7 has just been released to PyPI.
 This is a bug-fix release, being a drop-in replacement. To upgrade::
 
   pip install --upgrade pytest
-  
+
 The full changelog is available at http://doc.pytest.org/en/latest/changelog.html.
 
 Thanks to all who contributed to this release, among them:

doc/en/announce/release-3.1.1.rst

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ pytest 3.1.1 has just been released to PyPI.
 This is a bug-fix release, being a drop-in replacement. To upgrade::
 
   pip install --upgrade pytest
-  
+
 The full changelog is available at http://doc.pytest.org/en/latest/changelog.html.
 
 Thanks to all who contributed to this release, among them:

doc/en/announce/release-3.1.2.rst

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ pytest 3.1.2 has just been released to PyPI.
 This is a bug-fix release, being a drop-in replacement. To upgrade::
 
   pip install --upgrade pytest
-  
+
 The full changelog is available at http://doc.pytest.org/en/latest/changelog.html.
 
 Thanks to all who contributed to this release, among them:

doc/en/announce/release-3.1.3.rst

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ pytest 3.1.3 has just been released to PyPI.
 This is a bug-fix release, being a drop-in replacement. To upgrade::
 
   pip install --upgrade pytest
-  
+
 The full changelog is available at http://doc.pytest.org/en/latest/changelog.html.
 
 Thanks to all who contributed to this release, among them:

doc/en/announce/release-3.2.1.rst

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ pytest 3.2.1 has just been released to PyPI.
 This is a bug-fix release, being a drop-in replacement. To upgrade::
 
   pip install --upgrade pytest
-  
+
 The full changelog is available at http://doc.pytest.org/en/latest/changelog.html.
 
 Thanks to all who contributed to this release, among them: