:orphan: .. _`pytest helpers`: Pytest API and builtin fixtures ================================================ Most of the information of this page has been moved over to :ref:`api-reference`. For information on plugin hooks and objects, see :ref:`plugins`. For information on the ``pytest.mark`` mechanism, see :ref:`mark`. For information about fixtures, see :ref:`fixtures`. To see a complete list of available fixtures (add ``-v`` to also see fixtures with leading ``_``), type : .. code-block:: pytest $ pytest --fixtures -v =========================== test session starts ============================ platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-7.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python cachedir: .pytest_cache rootdir: /home/sweet/project collected 0 items cache -- .../_pytest/cacheprovider.py:532 Return a cache object that can persist state between testing sessions. cache.get(key, default) cache.set(key, value) Keys must be ``/`` separated strings, where the first part is usually the name of your plugin or application to avoid clashes with other cache users. Values can be any object handled by the json stdlib module. capsysbinary -- .../_pytest/capture.py:1001 Enable bytes capturing of writes to ``sys.stdout`` and ``sys.stderr``. The captured output is made available via ``capsysbinary.readouterr()`` method calls, which return a ``(out, err)`` namedtuple. ``out`` and ``err`` will be ``bytes`` objects. Returns an instance of :class:`CaptureFixture[bytes] `. Example: .. code-block:: python def test_output(capsysbinary): print("hello") captured = capsysbinary.readouterr() assert captured.out == b"hello\n" capfd -- .../_pytest/capture.py:1029 Enable text capturing of writes to file descriptors ``1`` and ``2``. The captured output is made available via ``capfd.readouterr()`` method calls, which return a ``(out, err)`` namedtuple. ``out`` and ``err`` will be ``text`` objects. Returns an instance of :class:`CaptureFixture[str] `. Example: .. code-block:: python def test_system_echo(capfd): os.system('echo "hello"') captured = capfd.readouterr() assert captured.out == "hello\n" capfdbinary -- .../_pytest/capture.py:1057 Enable bytes capturing of writes to file descriptors ``1`` and ``2``. The captured output is made available via ``capfd.readouterr()`` method calls, which return a ``(out, err)`` namedtuple. ``out`` and ``err`` will be ``byte`` objects. Returns an instance of :class:`CaptureFixture[bytes] `. Example: .. code-block:: python def test_system_echo(capfdbinary): os.system('echo "hello"') captured = capfdbinary.readouterr() assert captured.out == b"hello\n" capsys -- .../_pytest/capture.py:973 Enable text capturing of writes to ``sys.stdout`` and ``sys.stderr``. The captured output is made available via ``capsys.readouterr()`` method calls, which return a ``(out, err)`` namedtuple. ``out`` and ``err`` will be ``text`` objects. Returns an instance of :class:`CaptureFixture[str] `. Example: .. code-block:: python def test_output(capsys): print("hello") captured = capsys.readouterr() assert captured.out == "hello\n" doctest_namespace [session scope] -- .../_pytest/doctest.py:757 Fixture that returns a :py:class:`dict` that will be injected into the namespace of doctests. Usually this fixture is used in conjunction with another ``autouse`` fixture: .. code-block:: python @pytest.fixture(autouse=True) def add_np(doctest_namespace): doctest_namespace["np"] = numpy For more details: :ref:`doctest_namespace`. pytestconfig [session scope] -- .../_pytest/fixtures.py:1353 Session-scoped fixture that returns the session's :class:`pytest.Config` object. Example:: def test_foo(pytestconfig): if pytestconfig.getoption("verbose") > 0: ... record_property -- .../_pytest/junitxml.py:282 Add extra properties to the calling test. User properties become part of the test report and are available to the configured reporters, like JUnit XML. The fixture is callable with ``name, value``. The value is automatically XML-encoded. Example:: def test_function(record_property): record_property("example_key", 1) record_xml_attribute -- .../_pytest/junitxml.py:305 Add extra xml attributes to the tag for the calling test. The fixture is callable with ``name, value``. The value is automatically XML-encoded. record_testsuite_property [session scope] -- .../_pytest/junitxml.py:343 Record a new ```` tag as child of the root ````. This is suitable to writing global information regarding the entire test suite, and is compatible with ``xunit2`` JUnit family. This is a ``session``-scoped fixture which is called with ``(name, value)``. Example: .. code-block:: python def test_foo(record_testsuite_property): record_testsuite_property("ARCH", "PPC") record_testsuite_property("STORAGE_TYPE", "CEPH") :param name: The property name. :param value: The property value. Will be converted to a string. .. warning:: Currently this fixture **does not work** with the `pytest-xdist `__ plugin. See :issue:`7767` for details. tmpdir_factory [session scope] -- .../_pytest/legacypath.py:302 Return a :class:`pytest.TempdirFactory` instance for the test session. tmpdir -- .../_pytest/legacypath.py:309 Return a temporary directory path object which is unique to each test function invocation, created as a sub directory of the base temporary directory. By default, a new base temporary directory is created each test session, and old bases are removed after 3 sessions, to aid in debugging. If ``--basetemp`` is used then it is cleared each session. See :ref:`base temporary directory`. The returned object is a `legacy_path`_ object. .. note:: These days, it is preferred to use ``tmp_path``. :ref:`About the tmpdir and tmpdir_factory fixtures`. .. _legacy_path: https://py.readthedocs.io/en/latest/path.html caplog -- .../_pytest/logging.py:570 Access and control log capturing. Captured logs are available through the following properties/methods:: * caplog.messages -> list of format-interpolated log messages * caplog.text -> string containing formatted log output * caplog.records -> list of logging.LogRecord instances * caplog.record_tuples -> list of (logger_name, level, message) tuples * caplog.clear() -> clear captured records and formatted log output string monkeypatch -- .../_pytest/monkeypatch.py:30 A convenient fixture for monkey-patching. The fixture provides these methods to modify objects, dictionaries, or :data:`os.environ`: * :meth:`monkeypatch.setattr(obj, name, value, raising=True) ` * :meth:`monkeypatch.delattr(obj, name, raising=True) ` * :meth:`monkeypatch.setitem(mapping, name, value) ` * :meth:`monkeypatch.delitem(obj, name, raising=True) ` * :meth:`monkeypatch.setenv(name, value, prepend=None) ` * :meth:`monkeypatch.delenv(name, raising=True) ` * :meth:`monkeypatch.syspath_prepend(path) ` * :meth:`monkeypatch.chdir(path) ` * :meth:`monkeypatch.context() ` All modifications will be undone after the requesting test function or fixture has finished. The ``raising`` parameter determines if a :class:`KeyError` or :class:`AttributeError` will be raised if the set/deletion operation does not have the specified target. To undo modifications done by the fixture in a contained scope, use :meth:`context() `. recwarn -- .../_pytest/recwarn.py:30 Return a :class:`WarningsRecorder` instance that records all warnings emitted by test functions. See https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/how-to/capture-warnings.html for information on warning categories. tmp_path_factory [session scope] -- .../_pytest/tmpdir.py:245 Return a :class:`pytest.TempPathFactory` instance for the test session. tmp_path -- .../_pytest/tmpdir.py:260 Return a temporary directory path object which is unique to each test function invocation, created as a sub directory of the base temporary directory. By default, a new base temporary directory is created each test session, and old bases are removed after 3 sessions, to aid in debugging. This behavior can be configured with :confval:`tmp_path_retention_count` and :confval:`tmp_path_retention_policy`. If ``--basetemp`` is used then it is cleared each session. See :ref:`base temporary directory`. The returned object is a :class:`pathlib.Path` object. ========================== no tests ran in 0.12s =========================== You can also interactively ask for help, e.g. by typing on the Python interactive prompt something like: .. code-block:: python import pytest help(pytest)