django/docs/ref/settings.txt

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========
Settings
========
.. contents::
:local:
:depth: 1
.. warning::
Be careful when you override settings, especially when the default value
is a non-empty tuple or dictionary, such as :setting:`MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES`
and :setting:`TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS`. Make sure you keep the
components required by the features of Django you wish to use.
Core settings
=============
Here's a list of settings available in Django core and their default values.
Settings provided by contrib apps are listed below, followed by a topical index
of the core settings.
.. setting:: ABSOLUTE_URL_OVERRIDES
ABSOLUTE_URL_OVERRIDES
----------------------
Default: ``{}`` (Empty dictionary)
A dictionary mapping ``"app_label.model_name"`` strings to functions that take
a model object and return its URL. This is a way of overriding
``get_absolute_url()`` methods on a per-installation basis. Example::
ABSOLUTE_URL_OVERRIDES = {
'blogs.weblog': lambda o: "/blogs/%s/" % o.slug,
'news.story': lambda o: "/stories/%s/%s/" % (o.pub_year, o.slug),
}
Note that the model name used in this setting should be all lower-case, regardless
of the case of the actual model class name.
.. setting:: ADMINS
ADMINS
------
Default: ``()`` (Empty tuple)
A tuple that lists people who get code error notifications. When
``DEBUG=False`` and a view raises an exception, Django will email these people
with the full exception information. Each member of the tuple should be a tuple
of (Full name, email address). Example::
(('John', 'john@example.com'), ('Mary', 'mary@example.com'))
Note that Django will email *all* of these people whenever an error happens.
See :doc:`/howto/error-reporting` for more information.
.. setting:: ALLOWED_HOSTS
ALLOWED_HOSTS
-------------
Default: ``[]`` (Empty list)
A list of strings representing the host/domain names that this Django site can
serve. This is a security measure to prevent an attacker from poisoning caches
and password reset emails with links to malicious hosts by submitting requests
with a fake HTTP ``Host`` header, which is possible even under many
seemingly-safe webserver configurations.
Values in this list can be fully qualified names (e.g. ``'www.example.com'``),
in which case they will be matched against the request's ``Host`` header
exactly (case-insensitive, not including port). A value beginning with a period
can be used as a subdomain wildcard: ``'.example.com'`` will match
``example.com``, ``www.example.com``, and any other subdomain of
``example.com``. A value of ``'*'`` will match anything; in this case you are
responsible to provide your own validation of the ``Host`` header (perhaps in a
middleware; if so this middleware must be listed first in
:setting:`MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES`).
If the ``Host`` header (or ``X-Forwarded-Host`` if
:setting:`USE_X_FORWARDED_HOST` is enabled) does not match any value in this
list, the :meth:`django.http.HttpRequest.get_host()` method will raise
:exc:`~django.core.exceptions.SuspiciousOperation`.
When :setting:`DEBUG` is ``True`` or when running tests, host validation is
disabled; any host will be accepted. Thus it's usually only necessary to set it
in production.
This validation only applies via :meth:`~django.http.HttpRequest.get_host()`;
if your code accesses the ``Host`` header directly from ``request.META`` you
are bypassing this security protection.
.. setting:: ALLOWED_INCLUDE_ROOTS
ALLOWED_INCLUDE_ROOTS
---------------------
Default: ``()`` (Empty tuple)
A tuple of strings representing allowed prefixes for the ``{% ssi %}`` template
tag. This is a security measure, so that template authors can't access files
that they shouldn't be accessing.
For example, if :setting:`ALLOWED_INCLUDE_ROOTS` is ``('/home/html', '/var/www')``,
then ``{% ssi /home/html/foo.txt %}`` would work, but ``{% ssi /etc/passwd %}``
wouldn't.
.. setting:: APPEND_SLASH
APPEND_SLASH
------------
Default: ``True``
When set to ``True``, if the request URL does not match any of the patterns
in the URLconf and it doesn't end in a slash, an HTTP redirect is issued to the
same URL with a slash appended. Note that the redirect may cause any data
submitted in a POST request to be lost.
The :setting:`APPEND_SLASH` setting is only used if
:class:`~django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware` is installed
(see :doc:`/topics/http/middleware`). See also :setting:`PREPEND_WWW`.
.. setting:: CACHES
CACHES
------
Default::
{
'default': {
'BACKEND': 'django.core.cache.backends.locmem.LocMemCache',
}
}
A dictionary containing the settings for all caches to be used with
Django. It is a nested dictionary whose contents maps cache aliases
to a dictionary containing the options for an individual cache.
The :setting:`CACHES` setting must configure a ``default`` cache;
any number of additional caches may also be specified. If you
are using a cache backend other than the local memory cache, or
you need to define multiple caches, other options will be required.
The following cache options are available.
.. setting:: CACHES-BACKEND
BACKEND
~~~~~~~
Default: ``''`` (Empty string)
The cache backend to use. The built-in cache backends are:
* ``'django.core.cache.backends.db.DatabaseCache'``
* ``'django.core.cache.backends.dummy.DummyCache'``
* ``'django.core.cache.backends.filebased.FileBasedCache'``
* ``'django.core.cache.backends.locmem.LocMemCache'``
* ``'django.core.cache.backends.memcached.MemcachedCache'``
* ``'django.core.cache.backends.memcached.PyLibMCCache'``
You can use a cache backend that doesn't ship with Django by setting
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:setting:`BACKEND <CACHES-BACKEND>` to a fully-qualified path of a cache
backend class (i.e. ``mypackage.backends.whatever.WhateverCache``).
Writing a whole new cache backend from scratch is left as an exercise
to the reader; see the other backends for examples.
.. setting:: CACHES-KEY_FUNCTION
KEY_FUNCTION
~~~~~~~~~~~~
A string containing a dotted path to a function that defines how to
compose a prefix, version and key into a final cache key. The default
implementation is equivalent to the function::
def make_key(key, key_prefix, version):
return ':'.join([key_prefix, str(version), key])
You may use any key function you want, as long as it has the same
argument signature.
See the :ref:`cache documentation <cache_key_transformation>` for more
information.
.. setting:: CACHES-KEY_PREFIX
KEY_PREFIX
~~~~~~~~~~
Default: ``''`` (Empty string)
A string that will be automatically included (prepended by default) to
all cache keys used by the Django server.
See the :ref:`cache documentation <cache_key_prefixing>` for more information.
.. setting:: CACHES-LOCATION
LOCATION
~~~~~~~~
Default: ``''`` (Empty string)
The location of the cache to use. This might be the directory for a
file system cache, a host and port for a memcache server, or simply an
identifying name for a local memory cache. e.g.::
CACHES = {
'default': {
'BACKEND': 'django.core.cache.backends.filebased.FileBasedCache',
'LOCATION': '/var/tmp/django_cache',
}
}
.. setting:: CACHES-OPTIONS
OPTIONS
~~~~~~~
Default: None
Extra parameters to pass to the cache backend. Available parameters
vary depending on your cache backend.
Some information on available parameters can be found in the
:doc:`Cache Backends </topics/cache>` documentation. For more information,
consult your backend module's own documentation.
.. setting:: CACHES-TIMEOUT
TIMEOUT
~~~~~~~
Default: 300
The number of seconds before a cache entry is considered stale.
.. setting:: CACHES-VERSION
VERSION
~~~~~~~
Default: ``1``
The default version number for cache keys generated by the Django server.
See the :ref:`cache documentation <cache_versioning>` for more information.
.. setting:: CACHE_MIDDLEWARE_ALIAS
CACHE_MIDDLEWARE_ALIAS
----------------------
Default: ``default``
The cache connection to use for the cache middleware.
.. setting:: CACHE_MIDDLEWARE_ANONYMOUS_ONLY
CACHE_MIDDLEWARE_ANONYMOUS_ONLY
-------------------------------
Default: ``False``
If the value of this setting is ``True``, only anonymous requests (i.e., not
those made by a logged-in user) will be cached. Otherwise, the middleware
caches every page that doesn't have GET or POST parameters.
If you set the value of this setting to ``True``, you should make sure you've
activated ``AuthenticationMiddleware``.
See :doc:`/topics/cache`.
.. setting:: CACHE_MIDDLEWARE_KEY_PREFIX
CACHE_MIDDLEWARE_KEY_PREFIX
---------------------------
Default: ``''`` (Empty string)
The cache key prefix that the cache middleware should use.
See :doc:`/topics/cache`.
.. setting:: CACHE_MIDDLEWARE_SECONDS
CACHE_MIDDLEWARE_SECONDS
------------------------
Default: ``600``
The default number of seconds to cache a page when the caching middleware or
``cache_page()`` decorator is used.
See :doc:`/topics/cache`.
.. _settings-csrf:
.. setting:: CSRF_COOKIE_DOMAIN
CSRF_COOKIE_DOMAIN
------------------
Default: ``None``
The domain to be used when setting the CSRF cookie. This can be useful for
easily allowing cross-subdomain requests to be excluded from the normal cross
site request forgery protection. It should be set to a string such as
``".example.com"`` to allow a POST request from a form on one subdomain to be
accepted by a view served from another subdomain.
Please note that the presence of this setting does not imply that Django's CSRF
protection is safe from cross-subdomain attacks by default - please see the
:ref:`CSRF limitations <csrf-limitations>` section.
.. setting:: CSRF_COOKIE_HTTPONLY
CSRF_COOKIE_HTTPONLY
--------------------
.. versionadded:: 1.6
Default: ``False``
Whether to use HttpOnly flag on the CSRF cookie. If this is set to ``True``,
client-side JavaScript will not to be able to access the CSRF cookie. See
:setting:`SESSION_COOKIE_HTTPONLY` for details on HttpOnly.
.. setting:: CSRF_COOKIE_NAME
CSRF_COOKIE_NAME
----------------
Default: ``'csrftoken'``
The name of the cookie to use for the CSRF authentication token. This can be whatever you
want. See :doc:`/ref/contrib/csrf`.
.. setting:: CSRF_COOKIE_PATH
CSRF_COOKIE_PATH
----------------
Default: ``'/'``
The path set on the CSRF cookie. This should either match the URL path of your
Django installation or be a parent of that path.
This is useful if you have multiple Django instances running under the same
hostname. They can use different cookie paths, and each instance will only see
its own CSRF cookie.
.. setting:: CSRF_COOKIE_SECURE
CSRF_COOKIE_SECURE
------------------
Default: ``False``
Whether to use a secure cookie for the CSRF cookie. If this is set to ``True``,
the cookie will be marked as "secure," which means browsers may ensure that the
cookie is only sent under an HTTPS connection.
.. setting:: CSRF_FAILURE_VIEW
CSRF_FAILURE_VIEW
-----------------
Default: ``'django.views.csrf.csrf_failure'``
A dotted path to the view function to be used when an incoming request
is rejected by the CSRF protection. The function should have this signature::
def csrf_failure(request, reason="")
where ``reason`` is a short message (intended for developers or logging, not for
end users) indicating the reason the request was rejected. See
:doc:`/ref/contrib/csrf`.
.. setting:: DATABASES
DATABASES
---------
Default: ``{}`` (Empty dictionary)
A dictionary containing the settings for all databases to be used with
Django. It is a nested dictionary whose contents maps database aliases
to a dictionary containing the options for an individual database.
The :setting:`DATABASES` setting must configure a ``default`` database;
any number of additional databases may also be specified.
The simplest possible settings file is for a single-database setup using
SQLite. This can be configured using the following::
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
'NAME': 'mydatabase'
}
}
For other database backends, or more complex SQLite configurations, other options
will be required. The following inner options are available.
.. setting:: DATABASE-ATOMIC_REQUESTS
ATOMIC_REQUESTS
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. versionadded:: 1.6
Default: ``False``
Set this to ``True`` to wrap each HTTP request in a transaction on this
database. See :ref:`tying-transactions-to-http-requests`.
.. setting:: DATABASE-AUTOCOMMIT
AUTOCOMMIT
~~~~~~~~~~
.. versionadded:: 1.6
Default: ``True``
Set this to ``False`` if you want to :ref:`disable Django's transaction
management <deactivate-transaction-management>` and implement your own.
.. setting:: DATABASE-ENGINE
ENGINE
~~~~~~
Default: ``''`` (Empty string)
The database backend to use. The built-in database backends are:
* ``'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2'``
* ``'django.db.backends.mysql'``
* ``'django.db.backends.sqlite3'``
* ``'django.db.backends.oracle'``
You can use a database backend that doesn't ship with Django by setting
``ENGINE`` to a fully-qualified path (i.e.
``mypackage.backends.whatever``). Writing a whole new database backend from
scratch is left as an exercise to the reader; see the other backends for
examples.
.. setting:: HOST
HOST
~~~~
Default: ``''`` (Empty string)
Which host to use when connecting to the database. An empty string means
localhost. Not used with SQLite.
If this value starts with a forward slash (``'/'``) and you're using MySQL,
MySQL will connect via a Unix socket to the specified socket. For example::
"HOST": '/var/run/mysql'
If you're using MySQL and this value *doesn't* start with a forward slash, then
this value is assumed to be the host.
If you're using PostgreSQL, by default (empty :setting:`HOST`), the connection
to the database is done through UNIX domain sockets ('local' lines in
``pg_hba.conf``). If you want to connect through TCP sockets, set
:setting:`HOST` to 'localhost' or '127.0.0.1' ('host' lines in ``pg_hba.conf``).
On Windows, you should always define :setting:`HOST`, as UNIX domain sockets
are not available.
.. setting:: NAME
NAME
~~~~
Default: ``''`` (Empty string)
The name of the database to use. For SQLite, it's the full path to the database
file. When specifying the path, always use forward slashes, even on Windows
(e.g. ``C:/homes/user/mysite/sqlite3.db``).
.. setting:: CONN_MAX_AGE
CONN_MAX_AGE
~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. versionadded:: 1.6
Default: ``600``
The lifetime of a database connection, in seconds. Use ``0`` to close database
connections at the end of each request — Django's historical behavior — and
``None`` for unlimited persistent connections.
.. setting:: OPTIONS
OPTIONS
~~~~~~~
Default: ``{}`` (Empty dictionary)
Extra parameters to use when connecting to the database. Available parameters
vary depending on your database backend.
Some information on available parameters can be found in the
:doc:`Database Backends </ref/databases>` documentation. For more information,
consult your backend module's own documentation.
.. setting:: PASSWORD
PASSWORD
~~~~~~~~
Default: ``''`` (Empty string)
The password to use when connecting to the database. Not used with SQLite.
.. setting:: PORT
PORT
~~~~
Default: ``''`` (Empty string)
The port to use when connecting to the database. An empty string means the
default port. Not used with SQLite.
.. setting:: USER
USER
~~~~
Default: ``''`` (Empty string)
The username to use when connecting to the database. Not used with SQLite.
.. setting:: TEST_CHARSET
TEST_CHARSET
~~~~~~~~~~~~
Default: ``None``
The character set encoding used to create the test database. The value of this
string is passed directly through to the database, so its format is
backend-specific.
Supported for the PostgreSQL_ (``postgresql_psycopg2``) and MySQL_ (``mysql``)
backends.
.. _PostgreSQL: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/multibyte.html
.. _MySQL: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/charset-database.html
.. setting:: TEST_COLLATION
TEST_COLLATION
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Default: ``None``
The collation order to use when creating the test database. This value is
passed directly to the backend, so its format is backend-specific.
Only supported for the ``mysql`` backend (see the `MySQL manual`_ for details).
.. _MySQL manual: MySQL_
.. setting:: TEST_DEPENDENCIES
TEST_DEPENDENCIES
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Default: ``['default']``, for all databases other than ``default``,
which has no dependencies.
The creation-order dependencies of the database. See the documentation
on :ref:`controlling the creation order of test databases
<topics-testing-creation-dependencies>` for details.
.. setting:: TEST_MIRROR
TEST_MIRROR
~~~~~~~~~~~
Default: ``None``
The alias of the database that this database should mirror during
testing.
This setting exists to allow for testing of master/slave
configurations of multiple databases. See the documentation on
:ref:`testing master/slave configurations
<topics-testing-masterslave>` for details.
.. setting:: TEST_NAME
TEST_NAME
~~~~~~~~~
Default: ``None``
The name of database to use when running the test suite.
If the default value (``None``) is used with the SQLite database engine, the
tests will use a memory resident database. For all other database engines the
test database will use the name ``'test_' + DATABASE_NAME``.
See :ref:`the-test-database`.
.. setting:: TEST_CREATE
TEST_CREATE
~~~~~~~~~~~
Default: ``True``
This is an Oracle-specific setting.
If it is set to ``False``, the test tablespaces won't be automatically created
at the beginning of the tests and dropped at the end.
.. setting:: TEST_USER
TEST_USER
~~~~~~~~~
Default: ``None``
This is an Oracle-specific setting.
The username to use when connecting to the Oracle database that will be used
when running tests. If not provided, Django will use ``'test_' + USER``.
.. setting:: TEST_USER_CREATE
TEST_USER_CREATE
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Default: ``True``
This is an Oracle-specific setting.
If it is set to ``False``, the test user won't be automatically created at the
beginning of the tests and dropped at the end.
.. setting:: TEST_PASSWD
TEST_PASSWD
~~~~~~~~~~~
Default: ``None``
This is an Oracle-specific setting.
The password to use when connecting to the Oracle database that will be used
when running tests. If not provided, Django will use a hardcoded default value.
.. setting:: TEST_TBLSPACE
TEST_TBLSPACE
~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Default: ``None``
This is an Oracle-specific setting.
The name of the tablespace that will be used when running tests. If not
provided, Django will use ``'test_' + NAME``.
.. setting:: TEST_TBLSPACE_TMP
TEST_TBLSPACE_TMP
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Default: ``None``
This is an Oracle-specific setting.
The name of the temporary tablespace that will be used when running tests. If
not provided, Django will use ``'test_' + NAME + '_temp'``.
.. setting:: DATABASE_ROUTERS
DATABASE_ROUTERS
----------------
Default: ``[]`` (Empty list)
The list of routers that will be used to determine which database
to use when performing a database queries.
See the documentation on :ref:`automatic database routing in multi
database configurations <topics-db-multi-db-routing>`.
.. setting:: DATE_FORMAT
DATE_FORMAT
-----------
Default: ``'N j, Y'`` (e.g. ``Feb. 4, 2003``)
The default formatting to use for displaying date fields in any part of the
system. Note that if :setting:`USE_L10N` is set to ``True``, then the
locale-dictated format has higher precedence and will be applied instead. See
:tfilter:`allowed date format strings <date>`.
See also :setting:`DATETIME_FORMAT`, :setting:`TIME_FORMAT` and :setting:`SHORT_DATE_FORMAT`.
.. setting:: DATE_INPUT_FORMATS
DATE_INPUT_FORMATS
------------------
Default::
(
'%Y-%m-%d', '%m/%d/%Y', '%m/%d/%y', # '2006-10-25', '10/25/2006', '10/25/06'
'%b %d %Y', '%b %d, %Y', # 'Oct 25 2006', 'Oct 25, 2006'
'%d %b %Y', '%d %b, %Y', # '25 Oct 2006', '25 Oct, 2006'
'%B %d %Y', '%B %d, %Y', # 'October 25 2006', 'October 25, 2006'
'%d %B %Y', '%d %B, %Y', # '25 October 2006', '25 October, 2006'
)
A tuple of formats that will be accepted when inputting data on a date field.
Formats will be tried in order, using the first valid one. Note that these
format strings use Python's datetime_ module syntax, not the format strings
from the ``date`` Django template tag.
When :setting:`USE_L10N` is ``True``, the locale-dictated format has higher
precedence and will be applied instead.
See also :setting:`DATETIME_INPUT_FORMATS` and :setting:`TIME_INPUT_FORMATS`.
.. _datetime: http://docs.python.org/library/datetime.html#strftime-strptime-behavior
.. setting:: DATETIME_FORMAT
DATETIME_FORMAT
---------------
Default: ``'N j, Y, P'`` (e.g. ``Feb. 4, 2003, 4 p.m.``)
The default formatting to use for displaying datetime fields in any part of the
system. Note that if :setting:`USE_L10N` is set to ``True``, then the
locale-dictated format has higher precedence and will be applied instead. See
:tfilter:`allowed date format strings <date>`.
See also :setting:`DATE_FORMAT`, :setting:`TIME_FORMAT` and :setting:`SHORT_DATETIME_FORMAT`.
.. setting:: DATETIME_INPUT_FORMATS
DATETIME_INPUT_FORMATS
----------------------
Default::
(
'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', # '2006-10-25 14:30:59'
'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f', # '2006-10-25 14:30:59.000200'
'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M', # '2006-10-25 14:30'
'%Y-%m-%d', # '2006-10-25'
'%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S', # '10/25/2006 14:30:59'
'%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S.%f', # '10/25/2006 14:30:59.000200'
'%m/%d/%Y %H:%M', # '10/25/2006 14:30'
'%m/%d/%Y', # '10/25/2006'
'%m/%d/%y %H:%M:%S', # '10/25/06 14:30:59'
'%m/%d/%y %H:%M:%S.%f', # '10/25/06 14:30:59.000200'
'%m/%d/%y %H:%M', # '10/25/06 14:30'
'%m/%d/%y', # '10/25/06'
)
A tuple of formats that will be accepted when inputting data on a datetime
field. Formats will be tried in order, using the first valid one. Note that
these format strings use Python's datetime_ module syntax, not the format
strings from the ``date`` Django template tag.
When :setting:`USE_L10N` is ``True``, the locale-dictated format has higher
precedence and will be applied instead.
See also :setting:`DATE_INPUT_FORMATS` and :setting:`TIME_INPUT_FORMATS`.
.. _datetime: http://docs.python.org/library/datetime.html#strftime-strptime-behavior
.. setting:: DEBUG
DEBUG
-----
Default: ``False``
A boolean that turns on/off debug mode.
Never deploy a site into production with :setting:`DEBUG` turned on.
Did you catch that? NEVER deploy a site into production with :setting:`DEBUG`
turned on.
One of the main features of debug mode is the display of detailed error pages.
If your app raises an exception when :setting:`DEBUG` is ``True``, Django will
display a detailed traceback, including a lot of metadata about your
environment, such as all the currently defined Django settings (from
``settings.py``).
As a security measure, Django will *not* include settings that might be
sensitive (or offensive), such as :setting:`SECRET_KEY` or
:setting:`PROFANITIES_LIST`. Specifically, it will exclude any setting whose
name includes any of the following:
* ``'API'``
* ``'KEY'``
* ``'PASS'``
* ``'PROFANITIES_LIST'``
* ``'SECRET'``
* ``'SIGNATURE'``
* ``'TOKEN'``
Note that these are *partial* matches. ``'PASS'`` will also match PASSWORD,
just as ``'TOKEN'`` will also match TOKENIZED and so on.
Still, note that there are always going to be sections of your debug output
that are inappropriate for public consumption. File paths, configuration
options and the like all give attackers extra information about your server.
It is also important to remember that when running with :setting:`DEBUG`
turned on, Django will remember every SQL query it executes. This is useful
when you're debugging, but it'll rapidly consume memory on a production server.
.. _django/views/debug.py: https://github.com/django/django/blob/master/django/views/debug.py
.. setting:: DEBUG_PROPAGATE_EXCEPTIONS
DEBUG_PROPAGATE_EXCEPTIONS
--------------------------
Default: ``False``
If set to True, Django's normal exception handling of view functions
will be suppressed, and exceptions will propagate upwards. This can
be useful for some test setups, and should never be used on a live
site.
.. setting:: DECIMAL_SEPARATOR
DECIMAL_SEPARATOR
-----------------
Default: ``'.'`` (Dot)
Default decimal separator used when formatting decimal numbers.
Note that if :setting:`USE_L10N` is set to ``True``, then the locale-dictated
format has higher precedence and will be applied instead.
See also :setting:`NUMBER_GROUPING`, :setting:`THOUSAND_SEPARATOR` and
:setting:`USE_THOUSAND_SEPARATOR`.
.. setting:: DEFAULT_CHARSET
DEFAULT_CHARSET
---------------
Default: ``'utf-8'``
Default charset to use for all ``HttpResponse`` objects, if a MIME type isn't
manually specified. Used with :setting:`DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPE` to construct the
``Content-Type`` header.
.. setting:: DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPE
DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPE
--------------------
Default: ``'text/html'``
Default content type to use for all ``HttpResponse`` objects, if a MIME type
isn't manually specified. Used with :setting:`DEFAULT_CHARSET` to construct
the ``Content-Type`` header.
.. setting:: DEFAULT_EXCEPTION_REPORTER_FILTER
DEFAULT_EXCEPTION_REPORTER_FILTER
---------------------------------
Default: :class:`django.views.debug.SafeExceptionReporterFilter`
Default exception reporter filter class to be used if none has been assigned to
2012-12-25 16:40:08 +08:00
the :class:`~django.http.HttpRequest` instance yet.
See :ref:`Filtering error reports<filtering-error-reports>`.
.. setting:: DEFAULT_FILE_STORAGE
DEFAULT_FILE_STORAGE
--------------------
Default: :class:`django.core.files.storage.FileSystemStorage`
Default file storage class to be used for any file-related operations that don't
specify a particular storage system. See :doc:`/topics/files`.
.. setting:: DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL
DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL
------------------
Default: ``'webmaster@localhost'``
Default email address to use for various automated correspondence from the
site manager(s).
.. setting:: DEFAULT_INDEX_TABLESPACE
DEFAULT_INDEX_TABLESPACE
------------------------
Default: ``''`` (Empty string)
Default tablespace to use for indexes on fields that don't specify
one, if the backend supports it (see :doc:`/topics/db/tablespaces`).
.. setting:: DEFAULT_TABLESPACE
DEFAULT_TABLESPACE
------------------
Default: ``''`` (Empty string)
Default tablespace to use for models that don't specify one, if the
backend supports it (see :doc:`/topics/db/tablespaces`).
.. setting:: DISALLOWED_USER_AGENTS
DISALLOWED_USER_AGENTS
----------------------
Default: ``()`` (Empty tuple)
List of compiled regular expression objects representing User-Agent strings that
are not allowed to visit any page, systemwide. Use this for bad robots/crawlers.
This is only used if ``CommonMiddleware`` is installed (see
:doc:`/topics/http/middleware`).
.. setting:: EMAIL_BACKEND
EMAIL_BACKEND
-------------
Default: ``'django.core.mail.backends.smtp.EmailBackend'``
The backend to use for sending emails. For the list of available backends see
:doc:`/topics/email`.
.. setting:: EMAIL_FILE_PATH
EMAIL_FILE_PATH
---------------
Default: Not defined
The directory used by the ``file`` email backend to store output files.
.. setting:: EMAIL_HOST
EMAIL_HOST
----------
Default: ``'localhost'``
The host to use for sending email.
See also :setting:`EMAIL_PORT`.
.. setting:: EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD
EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD
-------------------
Default: ``''`` (Empty string)
Password to use for the SMTP server defined in :setting:`EMAIL_HOST`. This
setting is used in conjunction with :setting:`EMAIL_HOST_USER` when
authenticating to the SMTP server. If either of these settings is empty,
Django won't attempt authentication.
See also :setting:`EMAIL_HOST_USER`.
.. setting:: EMAIL_HOST_USER
EMAIL_HOST_USER
---------------
Default: ``''`` (Empty string)
Username to use for the SMTP server defined in :setting:`EMAIL_HOST`.
If empty, Django won't attempt authentication.
See also :setting:`EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD`.
.. setting:: EMAIL_PORT
EMAIL_PORT
----------
Default: ``25``
Port to use for the SMTP server defined in :setting:`EMAIL_HOST`.
.. setting:: EMAIL_SUBJECT_PREFIX
EMAIL_SUBJECT_PREFIX
--------------------
Default: ``'[Django] '``
Subject-line prefix for email messages sent with ``django.core.mail.mail_admins``
or ``django.core.mail.mail_managers``. You'll probably want to include the
trailing space.
.. setting:: EMAIL_USE_TLS
EMAIL_USE_TLS
-------------
Default: ``False``
Whether to use a TLS (secure) connection when talking to the SMTP server.
.. setting:: FILE_CHARSET
FILE_CHARSET
------------
Default: ``'utf-8'``
The character encoding used to decode any files read from disk. This includes
template files and initial SQL data files.
.. setting:: FILE_UPLOAD_HANDLERS
FILE_UPLOAD_HANDLERS
--------------------
Default::
("django.core.files.uploadhandler.MemoryFileUploadHandler",
"django.core.files.uploadhandler.TemporaryFileUploadHandler",)
A tuple of handlers to use for uploading. See :doc:`/topics/files` for details.
.. setting:: FILE_UPLOAD_MAX_MEMORY_SIZE
FILE_UPLOAD_MAX_MEMORY_SIZE
---------------------------
Default: ``2621440`` (i.e. 2.5 MB).
The maximum size (in bytes) that an upload will be before it gets streamed to
the file system. See :doc:`/topics/files` for details.
.. setting:: FILE_UPLOAD_PERMISSIONS
FILE_UPLOAD_PERMISSIONS
-----------------------
Default: ``None``
The numeric mode (i.e. ``0644``) to set newly uploaded files to. For
more information about what these modes mean, see the documentation for
:func:`os.chmod`.
If this isn't given or is ``None``, you'll get operating-system
dependent behavior. On most platforms, temporary files will have a mode
of ``0600``, and files saved from memory will be saved using the
system's standard umask.
.. warning::
**Always prefix the mode with a 0.**
If you're not familiar with file modes, please note that the leading
``0`` is very important: it indicates an octal number, which is the
way that modes must be specified. If you try to use ``644``, you'll
get totally incorrect behavior.
.. setting:: FILE_UPLOAD_TEMP_DIR
FILE_UPLOAD_TEMP_DIR
--------------------
Default: ``None``
The directory to store data temporarily while uploading files. If ``None``,
Django will use the standard temporary directory for the operating system. For
example, this will default to '/tmp' on \*nix-style operating systems.
See :doc:`/topics/files` for details.
.. setting:: FIRST_DAY_OF_WEEK
FIRST_DAY_OF_WEEK
-----------------
Default: ``0`` (Sunday)
Number representing the first day of the week. This is especially useful
when displaying a calendar. This value is only used when not using
format internationalization, or when a format cannot be found for the
current locale.
The value must be an integer from 0 to 6, where 0 means Sunday, 1 means
Monday and so on.
.. setting:: FIXTURE_DIRS
FIXTURE_DIRS
-------------
Default: ``()`` (Empty tuple)
List of directories searched for fixture files, in addition to the
``fixtures`` directory of each application, in search order.
Note that these paths should use Unix-style forward slashes, even on Windows.
See :ref:`initial-data-via-fixtures` and :ref:`topics-testing-fixtures`.
2012-12-25 16:40:08 +08:00
.. setting:: FORCE_SCRIPT_NAME
FORCE_SCRIPT_NAME
------------------
Default: ``None``
If not ``None``, this will be used as the value of the ``SCRIPT_NAME``
environment variable in any HTTP request. This setting can be used to override
the server-provided value of ``SCRIPT_NAME``, which may be a rewritten version
of the preferred value or not supplied at all.
.. setting:: FORMAT_MODULE_PATH
FORMAT_MODULE_PATH
------------------
Default: ``None``
A full Python path to a Python package that contains format definitions for
project locales. If not ``None``, Django will check for a ``formats.py``
file, under the directory named as the current locale, and will use the
formats defined on this file.
For example, if :setting:`FORMAT_MODULE_PATH` is set to ``mysite.formats``,
and current language is ``en`` (English), Django will expect a directory tree
like::
mysite/
formats/
__init__.py
en/
__init__.py
formats.py
Available formats are :setting:`DATE_FORMAT`, :setting:`TIME_FORMAT`,
:setting:`DATETIME_FORMAT`, :setting:`YEAR_MONTH_FORMAT`,
:setting:`MONTH_DAY_FORMAT`, :setting:`SHORT_DATE_FORMAT`,
:setting:`SHORT_DATETIME_FORMAT`, :setting:`FIRST_DAY_OF_WEEK`,
:setting:`DECIMAL_SEPARATOR`, :setting:`THOUSAND_SEPARATOR` and
:setting:`NUMBER_GROUPING`.
.. setting:: IGNORABLE_404_URLS
IGNORABLE_404_URLS
------------------
Default: ``()``
List of compiled regular expression objects describing URLs that should be
ignored when reporting HTTP 404 errors via email (see
:doc:`/howto/error-reporting`). Regular expressions are matched against
:meth:`request's full paths <django.http.HttpRequest.get_full_path>` (including
query string, if any). Use this if your site does not provide a commonly
requested file such as ``favicon.ico`` or ``robots.txt``, or if it gets
hammered by script kiddies.
This is only used if
:class:`~django.middleware.common.BrokenLinkEmailsMiddleware` is enabled (see
:doc:`/topics/http/middleware`).
.. setting:: INSTALLED_APPS
INSTALLED_APPS
--------------
Default: ``()`` (Empty tuple)
A tuple of strings designating all applications that are enabled in this Django
installation. Each string should be a full Python path to a Python package that
contains a Django application, as created by :djadmin:`django-admin.py startapp
<startapp>`.
.. admonition:: App names must be unique
The application names (that is, the final dotted part of the
path to the module containing ``models.py``) defined in
:setting:`INSTALLED_APPS` *must* be unique. For example, you can't
include both ``django.contrib.auth`` and ``myproject.auth`` in
INSTALLED_APPS.
.. setting:: INTERNAL_IPS
INTERNAL_IPS
------------
Default: ``()`` (Empty tuple)
A tuple of IP addresses, as strings, that:
* See debug comments, when :setting:`DEBUG` is ``True``
* Receive X headers if the ``XViewMiddleware`` is installed (see
:doc:`/topics/http/middleware`)
.. setting:: LANGUAGE_CODE
LANGUAGE_CODE
-------------
Default: ``'en-us'``
Simplified default project template. Squashed commit of: commit 508ec9144b35c50794708225b496bde1eb5e60aa Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Tue Jan 29 22:50:55 2013 +0100 Tweaked default settings file. * Explained why BASE_DIR exists. * Added a link to the database configuration options, and put it in its own section. * Moved sensitive settings that must be changed for production at the top. commit 6515fd2f1aa73a86dc8dbd2ccf512ddb6b140d57 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Tue Jan 29 14:35:21 2013 +0100 Documented the simplified app & project templates in the changelog. commit 2c5b576c2ea91d84273a019b3d0b3b8b4da72f23 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Tue Jan 29 13:59:27 2013 +0100 Minor fixes in tutorials 5 and 6. commit 55a51531be8104f21b3cca3f6bf70b0a7139a041 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Tue Jan 29 13:51:11 2013 +0100 Updated tutorial 2 for the new project template. commit 29ddae87bdaecff12dd31b16b000c01efbde9e20 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Tue Jan 29 11:58:54 2013 +0100 Updated tutorial 1 for the new project template. commit 0ecb9f6e2514cfd26a678a280d471433375101a3 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Tue Jan 29 11:29:13 2013 +0100 Adjusted the default URLconf detection to account for the admin. It's now enabled by default. commit 5fb4da0d3d09dac28dd94e3fde92b9d4335c0565 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Tue Jan 29 10:36:55 2013 +0100 Added security warnings for the most sensitive settings. commit 718d84bd8ac4a42fb4b28ec93965de32680f091e Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 23:24:06 2013 +0100 Used an absolute path for the SQLite database. This ensures the settings file works regardless of which directory django-admin.py / manage.py is invoked from. BASE_DIR got a +1 from a BDFL and another core dev. It doesn't involve the concept of a "Django project"; it's just a convenient way to express relative paths within the source code repository for non-Python files. Thanks Jacob Kaplan-Moss for the suggestion. commit 1b559b4bcda622e10909b68fe5cab90db6727dd9 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 23:22:40 2013 +0100 Removed STATIC_ROOT from the default settings template. It isn't necessary in development, and it confuses beginners to no end. Thanks Carl Meyer for the suggestion. commit a55f141a500bb7c9a1bc259bbe1954c13b199671 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 23:21:43 2013 +0100 Removed MEDIA_ROOT/URL from default settings template. Many sites will never deal with user-uploaded files, and MEDIA_ROOT is complicated to explain. Thanks Carl Meyer for the suggestion. commit 44bf2f2441420fd9429ee9fe1f7207f92dd87e70 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 22:22:09 2013 +0100 Removed logging config. This configuration is applied regardless of the value of LOGGING; duplicating it in LOGGING is confusing. commit eac747e848eaed65fd5f6f254f0a7559d856f88f Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 22:05:31 2013 +0100 Enabled the locale middleware by default. USE_I18N is True by default, and doesn't work well without LocaleMiddleware. commit d806c62b2d00826dc2688c84b092627b8d571cab Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 22:03:16 2013 +0100 Enabled clickjacking protection by default. commit 99152c30e6a15003f0b6737dc78e87adf462aacb Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 22:01:48 2013 +0100 Reorganized settings in logical sections, and trimmed comments. commit d37ffdfcb24b7e0ec7cc113d07190f65fb12fb8a Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 16:54:11 2013 +0100 Avoided misleading TEMPLATE_DEBUG = DEBUG. According to the docs TEMPLATE_DEBUG works only when DEBUG = True. commit 15d9478d3a9850e85841e7cf09cf83050371c6bf Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 16:46:25 2013 +0100 Removed STATICFILES_FINDERS/TEMPLATE_LOADERS from default settings file. Only developers with special needs ever need to change these settings. commit 574da0eb5bfb4570883756914b4dbd7e20e1f61e Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 16:45:01 2013 +0100 Removed STATICFILES/TEMPLATES_DIRS from default settings file. The current best practice is to put static files and templates in applications, for easier testing and deployment. commit 8cb18dbe56629aa1be74718a07e7cc66b4f9c9f0 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 16:24:16 2013 +0100 Removed settings related to email reporting from default settings file. While handy for small scale projects, it isn't exactly a best practice. commit 8ecbfcb3638058f0c49922540f874a7d802d864f Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Tue Jan 29 18:54:43 2013 +0100 Documented how to enable the sites framework. commit 23fc91a6fa67d91ddd9d71b1c3e0dc26bdad9841 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 16:28:59 2013 +0100 Disabled the sites framework by default. RequestSite does the job for single-domain websites. commit c4d82eb8afc0eb8568bf9c4d12644272415e3960 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Tue Jan 29 00:08:33 2013 +0100 Added a default admin.py to the application template. Thanks Ryan D Hiebert for the suggestion. commit 4071dc771e5c44b1c5ebb9beecefb164ae465e22 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 10:59:49 2013 +0100 Enabled the admin by default. Everyone uses the admin. commit c807a31f8d89e7e7fd97380e3023f7983a8b6fcb Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 10:57:05 2013 +0100 Removed admindocs from default project template. commit 09e4ce0e652a97da1a9e285046a91c8ad7a9189c Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 16:32:52 2013 +0100 Added links to the settings documentation. commit 5b8f5eaef364eb790fcde6f9e86f7d266074cca8 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 11:06:54 2013 +0100 Used a significant example for URLconf includes. commit 908e91d6fcee2a3cb51ca26ecdf12a6a24e69ef8 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 16:22:31 2013 +0100 Moved code comments about WSGI to docs, and rewrote said docs. commit 50417e51996146f891d08ca8b74dcc736a581932 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 15:51:50 2013 +0100 Normalized the default application template. Removed the default test that 1 + 1 = 2, because it's been committed way too many times, in too many projects. Added an import of `render` for views, because the first view will often be: def home(request): return render(request, "mysite/home.html")
2013-01-28 22:51:50 +08:00
A string representing the language code for this installation. This should be
in standard :term:`language format<language code>`. For example, U.S. English
is ``"en-us"``. See also the `list of language identifiers`_ and
:doc:`/topics/i18n/index`.
.. _list of language identifiers: http://www.i18nguy.com/unicode/language-identifiers.html
.. setting:: LANGUAGE_COOKIE_NAME
LANGUAGE_COOKIE_NAME
--------------------
Default: ``'django_language'``
The name of the cookie to use for the language cookie. This can be whatever
you want (but should be different from :setting:`SESSION_COOKIE_NAME`). See
:doc:`/topics/i18n/index`.
.. setting:: LANGUAGES
LANGUAGES
---------
Default: A tuple of all available languages. This list is continually growing
and including a copy here would inevitably become rapidly out of date. You can
see the current list of translated languages by looking in
``django/conf/global_settings.py`` (or view the `online source`_).
.. _online source: https://github.com/django/django/blob/master/django/conf/global_settings.py
The list is a tuple of two-tuples in the format ``(language code, language
name)``, the ``language code`` part should be a
:term:`language name<language code>` -- for example, ``('ja', 'Japanese')``.
This specifies which languages are available for language selection. See
:doc:`/topics/i18n/index`.
Generally, the default value should suffice. Only set this setting if you want
to restrict language selection to a subset of the Django-provided languages.
If you define a custom :setting:`LANGUAGES` setting, it's OK to mark the
languages as translation strings (as in the default value referred to above)
-- but use a "dummy" ``gettext()`` function, not the one in
``django.utils.translation``. You should *never* import
``django.utils.translation`` from within your settings file, because that
module in itself depends on the settings, and that would cause a circular
import.
The solution is to use a "dummy" ``gettext()`` function. Here's a sample
settings file::
gettext = lambda s: s
LANGUAGES = (
('de', gettext('German')),
('en', gettext('English')),
)
With this arrangement, ``django-admin.py makemessages`` will still find and
mark these strings for translation, but the translation won't happen at
runtime -- so you'll have to remember to wrap the languages in the *real*
``gettext()`` in any code that uses :setting:`LANGUAGES` at runtime.
.. setting:: LOCALE_PATHS
LOCALE_PATHS
------------
Default: ``()`` (Empty tuple)
A tuple of directories where Django looks for translation files.
See :ref:`how-django-discovers-translations`.
Example::
LOCALE_PATHS = (
'/home/www/project/common_files/locale',
'/var/local/translations/locale'
)
Django will look within each of these paths for the ``<locale_code>/LC_MESSAGES``
directories containing the actual translation files.
.. setting:: LOGGING
LOGGING
-------
Default: A logging configuration dictionary.
A data structure containing configuration information. The contents of
this data structure will be passed as the argument to the
configuration method described in :setting:`LOGGING_CONFIG`.
The default logging configuration passes HTTP 500 server errors to an
email log handler; all other log messages are given to a NullHandler.
.. setting:: LOGGING_CONFIG
LOGGING_CONFIG
--------------
Default: ``'django.utils.log.dictConfig'``
A path to a callable that will be used to configure logging in the
Django project. Points at a instance of Python's `dictConfig`_
configuration method by default.
If you set :setting:`LOGGING_CONFIG` to ``None``, the logging
configuration process will be skipped.
.. _dictConfig: http://docs.python.org/library/logging.config.html#configuration-dictionary-schema
.. setting:: MANAGERS
MANAGERS
--------
Default: ``()`` (Empty tuple)
A tuple in the same format as :setting:`ADMINS` that specifies who should get
broken link notifications when
:class:`~django.middleware.common.BrokenLinkEmailsMiddleware` is enabled.
.. setting:: MEDIA_ROOT
MEDIA_ROOT
----------
Default: ``''`` (Empty string)
Absolute filesystem path to the directory that will hold :doc:`user-uploaded
files </topics/files>`.
Example: ``"/var/www/example.com/media/"``
See also :setting:`MEDIA_URL`.
.. setting:: MEDIA_URL
MEDIA_URL
---------
Default: ``''`` (Empty string)
URL that handles the media served from :setting:`MEDIA_ROOT`, used
for :doc:`managing stored files </topics/files>`. It must end in a slash if set
to a non-empty value.
Example: ``"http://media.example.com/"``
.. setting:: MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES
MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES
------------------
Default::
('django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',)
A tuple of middleware classes to use. See :doc:`/topics/http/middleware`.
.. setting:: MONTH_DAY_FORMAT
MONTH_DAY_FORMAT
----------------
Default: ``'F j'``
The default formatting to use for date fields on Django admin change-list
pages -- and, possibly, by other parts of the system -- in cases when only the
month and day are displayed.
For example, when a Django admin change-list page is being filtered by a date
drilldown, the header for a given day displays the day and month. Different
locales have different formats. For example, U.S. English would say
"January 1," whereas Spanish might say "1 Enero."
See :tfilter:`allowed date format strings <date>`. See also
:setting:`DATE_FORMAT`, :setting:`DATETIME_FORMAT`,
:setting:`TIME_FORMAT` and :setting:`YEAR_MONTH_FORMAT`.
.. setting:: NUMBER_GROUPING
NUMBER_GROUPING
----------------
Default: ``0``
Number of digits grouped together on the integer part of a number.
Common use is to display a thousand separator. If this setting is ``0``, then
no grouping will be applied to the number. If this setting is greater than
``0``, then :setting:`THOUSAND_SEPARATOR` will be used as the separator between
those groups.
Note that if :setting:`USE_L10N` is set to ``True``, then the locale-dictated
format has higher precedence and will be applied instead.
See also :setting:`DECIMAL_SEPARATOR`, :setting:`THOUSAND_SEPARATOR` and
:setting:`USE_THOUSAND_SEPARATOR`.
.. setting:: PREPEND_WWW
PREPEND_WWW
-----------
Default: ``False``
Whether to prepend the "www." subdomain to URLs that don't have it. This is only
used if :class:`~django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware` is installed
(see :doc:`/topics/http/middleware`). See also :setting:`APPEND_SLASH`.
.. setting:: ROOT_URLCONF
ROOT_URLCONF
------------
Default: Not defined
A string representing the full Python import path to your root URLconf. For example:
``"mydjangoapps.urls"``. Can be overridden on a per-request basis by
setting the attribute ``urlconf`` on the incoming ``HttpRequest``
object. See :ref:`how-django-processes-a-request` for details.
.. setting:: SECRET_KEY
SECRET_KEY
----------
Default: ``''`` (Empty string)
A secret key for a particular Django installation. This is used to provide
:doc:`cryptographic signing </topics/signing>`, and should be set to a unique,
unpredictable value.
:djadmin:`django-admin.py startproject <startproject>` automatically adds a
randomly-generated ``SECRET_KEY`` to each new project.
.. warning::
**Keep this value secret.**
Running Django with a known :setting:`SECRET_KEY` defeats many of Django's
security protections, and can lead to privilege escalation and remote code
execution vulnerabilities.
.. versionchanged:: 1.5
Django will now refuse to start if :setting:`SECRET_KEY` is not set.
.. setting:: SECURE_PROXY_SSL_HEADER
SECURE_PROXY_SSL_HEADER
-----------------------
Default: ``None``
A tuple representing a HTTP header/value combination that signifies a request
is secure. This controls the behavior of the request object's ``is_secure()``
method.
This takes some explanation. By default, ``is_secure()`` is able to determine
whether a request is secure by looking at whether the requested URL uses
"https://". This is important for Django's CSRF protection, and may be used
by your own code or third-party apps.
If your Django app is behind a proxy, though, the proxy may be "swallowing" the
fact that a request is HTTPS, using a non-HTTPS connection between the proxy
and Django. In this case, ``is_secure()`` would always return ``False`` -- even
for requests that were made via HTTPS by the end user.
In this situation, you'll want to configure your proxy to set a custom HTTP
header that tells Django whether the request came in via HTTPS, and you'll want
to set ``SECURE_PROXY_SSL_HEADER`` so that Django knows what header to look
for.
You'll need to set a tuple with two elements -- the name of the header to look
for and the required value. For example::
SECURE_PROXY_SSL_HEADER = ('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO', 'https')
Here, we're telling Django that we trust the ``X-Forwarded-Proto`` header
that comes from our proxy, and any time its value is ``'https'``, then the
request is guaranteed to be secure (i.e., it originally came in via HTTPS).
Obviously, you should *only* set this setting if you control your proxy or
have some other guarantee that it sets/strips this header appropriately.
Note that the header needs to be in the format as used by ``request.META`` --
all caps and likely starting with ``HTTP_``. (Remember, Django automatically
adds ``'HTTP_'`` to the start of x-header names before making the header
available in ``request.META``.)
.. warning::
**You will probably open security holes in your site if you set this
without knowing what you're doing. And if you fail to set it when you
should. Seriously.**
Make sure ALL of the following are true before setting this (assuming the
values from the example above):
* Your Django app is behind a proxy.
* Your proxy strips the ``X-Forwarded-Proto`` header from all incoming
requests. In other words, if end users include that header in their
requests, the proxy will discard it.
* Your proxy sets the ``X-Forwarded-Proto`` header and sends it to Django,
but only for requests that originally come in via HTTPS.
If any of those are not true, you should keep this setting set to ``None``
and find another way of determining HTTPS, perhaps via custom middleware.
.. setting:: SEND_BROKEN_LINK_EMAILS
SEND_BROKEN_LINK_EMAILS
-----------------------
.. deprecated:: 1.6
Since :class:`~django.middleware.common.BrokenLinkEmailsMiddleware`
was split from :class:`~django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware`,
this setting no longer serves a purpose.
Default: ``False``
Whether to send an email to the :setting:`MANAGERS` each time somebody visits
a Django-powered page that is 404ed with a non-empty referer (i.e., a broken
link). This is only used if ``CommonMiddleware`` is installed (see
:doc:`/topics/http/middleware`). See also :setting:`IGNORABLE_404_URLS` and
:doc:`/howto/error-reporting`.
.. setting:: SERIALIZATION_MODULES
SERIALIZATION_MODULES
---------------------
Default: Not defined.
A dictionary of modules containing serializer definitions (provided as
strings), keyed by a string identifier for that serialization type. For
example, to define a YAML serializer, use::
SERIALIZATION_MODULES = { 'yaml' : 'path.to.yaml_serializer' }
.. setting:: SERVER_EMAIL
SERVER_EMAIL
------------
Default: ``'root@localhost'``
The email address that error messages come from, such as those sent to
:setting:`ADMINS` and :setting:`MANAGERS`.
.. setting:: SHORT_DATE_FORMAT
SHORT_DATE_FORMAT
-----------------
Default: ``m/d/Y`` (e.g. ``12/31/2003``)
An available formatting that can be used for displaying date fields on
templates. Note that if :setting:`USE_L10N` is set to ``True``, then the
corresponding locale-dictated format has higher precedence and will be applied.
See :tfilter:`allowed date format strings <date>`.
See also :setting:`DATE_FORMAT` and :setting:`SHORT_DATETIME_FORMAT`.
.. setting:: SHORT_DATETIME_FORMAT
SHORT_DATETIME_FORMAT
---------------------
Default: ``m/d/Y P`` (e.g. ``12/31/2003 4 p.m.``)
An available formatting that can be used for displaying datetime fields on
templates. Note that if :setting:`USE_L10N` is set to ``True``, then the
corresponding locale-dictated format has higher precedence and will be applied.
See :tfilter:`allowed date format strings <date>`.
See also :setting:`DATE_FORMAT` and :setting:`SHORT_DATE_FORMAT`.
.. setting:: SIGNING_BACKEND
SIGNING_BACKEND
---------------
Default: 'django.core.signing.TimestampSigner'
The backend used for signing cookies and other data.
See also the :doc:`/topics/signing` documentation.
.. setting:: TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS
TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS
---------------------------
Default::
("django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth",
"django.core.context_processors.debug",
"django.core.context_processors.i18n",
"django.core.context_processors.media",
"django.core.context_processors.static",
"django.core.context_processors.tz",
"django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages")
A tuple of callables that are used to populate the context in ``RequestContext``.
These callables take a request object as their argument and return a dictionary
of items to be merged into the context.
.. setting:: TEMPLATE_DEBUG
TEMPLATE_DEBUG
--------------
Default: ``False``
A boolean that turns on/off template debug mode. If this is ``True``, the fancy
error page will display a detailed report for any exception raised during
template rendering. This report contains the relevant snippet of the template,
with the appropriate line highlighted.
Note that Django only displays fancy error pages if :setting:`DEBUG` is ``True``, so
you'll want to set that to take advantage of this setting.
See also :setting:`DEBUG`.
.. setting:: TEMPLATE_DIRS
TEMPLATE_DIRS
-------------
Default: ``()`` (Empty tuple)
List of locations of the template source files searched by
:class:`django.template.loaders.filesystem.Loader`, in search order.
Note that these paths should use Unix-style forward slashes, even on Windows.
See :doc:`/topics/templates`.
.. setting:: TEMPLATE_LOADERS
TEMPLATE_LOADERS
----------------
Default::
('django.template.loaders.filesystem.Loader',
'django.template.loaders.app_directories.Loader')
A tuple of template loader classes, specified as strings. Each ``Loader`` class
knows how to import templates from a particular source. Optionally, a tuple can be
used instead of a string. The first item in the tuple should be the ``Loader``'s
module, subsequent items are passed to the ``Loader`` during initialization. See
:doc:`/ref/templates/api`.
.. setting:: TEMPLATE_STRING_IF_INVALID
TEMPLATE_STRING_IF_INVALID
--------------------------
Default: ``''`` (Empty string)
Output, as a string, that the template system should use for invalid (e.g.
misspelled) variables. See :ref:`invalid-template-variables`..
.. setting:: TEST_RUNNER
TEST_RUNNER
-----------
Default: ``'django.test.simple.DjangoTestSuiteRunner'``
The name of the class to use for starting the test suite. See
:ref:`other-testing-frameworks`.
.. setting:: THOUSAND_SEPARATOR
THOUSAND_SEPARATOR
------------------
Default: ``,`` (Comma)
Default thousand separator used when formatting numbers. This setting is
used only when :setting:`USE_THOUSAND_SEPARATOR` is ``True`` and
:setting:`NUMBER_GROUPING` is greater than ``0``.
Note that if :setting:`USE_L10N` is set to ``True``, then the locale-dictated
format has higher precedence and will be applied instead.
See also :setting:`NUMBER_GROUPING`, :setting:`DECIMAL_SEPARATOR` and
:setting:`USE_THOUSAND_SEPARATOR`.
.. setting:: TIME_FORMAT
TIME_FORMAT
-----------
Default: ``'P'`` (e.g. ``4 p.m.``)
The default formatting to use for displaying time fields in any part of the
system. Note that if :setting:`USE_L10N` is set to ``True``, then the
locale-dictated format has higher precedence and will be applied instead. See
:tfilter:`allowed date format strings <date>`.
See also :setting:`DATE_FORMAT` and :setting:`DATETIME_FORMAT`.
.. setting:: TIME_INPUT_FORMATS
TIME_INPUT_FORMATS
------------------
Default::
(
'%H:%M:%S', # '14:30:59'
'%H:%M:%S.%f', # '14:30:59.000200'
'%H:%M', # '14:30'
)
A tuple of formats that will be accepted when inputting data on a time field.
Formats will be tried in order, using the first valid one. Note that these
format strings use Python's datetime_ module syntax, not the format strings
from the ``date`` Django template tag.
When :setting:`USE_L10N` is ``True``, the locale-dictated format has higher
precedence and will be applied instead.
See also :setting:`DATE_INPUT_FORMATS` and :setting:`DATETIME_INPUT_FORMATS`.
.. versionchanged:: 1.6
Input format with microseconds has been added.
.. _datetime: http://docs.python.org/library/datetime.html#strftime-strptime-behavior
.. setting:: TIME_ZONE
TIME_ZONE
---------
Default: ``'America/Chicago'``
Simplified default project template. Squashed commit of: commit 508ec9144b35c50794708225b496bde1eb5e60aa Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Tue Jan 29 22:50:55 2013 +0100 Tweaked default settings file. * Explained why BASE_DIR exists. * Added a link to the database configuration options, and put it in its own section. * Moved sensitive settings that must be changed for production at the top. commit 6515fd2f1aa73a86dc8dbd2ccf512ddb6b140d57 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Tue Jan 29 14:35:21 2013 +0100 Documented the simplified app & project templates in the changelog. commit 2c5b576c2ea91d84273a019b3d0b3b8b4da72f23 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Tue Jan 29 13:59:27 2013 +0100 Minor fixes in tutorials 5 and 6. commit 55a51531be8104f21b3cca3f6bf70b0a7139a041 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Tue Jan 29 13:51:11 2013 +0100 Updated tutorial 2 for the new project template. commit 29ddae87bdaecff12dd31b16b000c01efbde9e20 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Tue Jan 29 11:58:54 2013 +0100 Updated tutorial 1 for the new project template. commit 0ecb9f6e2514cfd26a678a280d471433375101a3 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Tue Jan 29 11:29:13 2013 +0100 Adjusted the default URLconf detection to account for the admin. It's now enabled by default. commit 5fb4da0d3d09dac28dd94e3fde92b9d4335c0565 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Tue Jan 29 10:36:55 2013 +0100 Added security warnings for the most sensitive settings. commit 718d84bd8ac4a42fb4b28ec93965de32680f091e Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 23:24:06 2013 +0100 Used an absolute path for the SQLite database. This ensures the settings file works regardless of which directory django-admin.py / manage.py is invoked from. BASE_DIR got a +1 from a BDFL and another core dev. It doesn't involve the concept of a "Django project"; it's just a convenient way to express relative paths within the source code repository for non-Python files. Thanks Jacob Kaplan-Moss for the suggestion. commit 1b559b4bcda622e10909b68fe5cab90db6727dd9 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 23:22:40 2013 +0100 Removed STATIC_ROOT from the default settings template. It isn't necessary in development, and it confuses beginners to no end. Thanks Carl Meyer for the suggestion. commit a55f141a500bb7c9a1bc259bbe1954c13b199671 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 23:21:43 2013 +0100 Removed MEDIA_ROOT/URL from default settings template. Many sites will never deal with user-uploaded files, and MEDIA_ROOT is complicated to explain. Thanks Carl Meyer for the suggestion. commit 44bf2f2441420fd9429ee9fe1f7207f92dd87e70 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 22:22:09 2013 +0100 Removed logging config. This configuration is applied regardless of the value of LOGGING; duplicating it in LOGGING is confusing. commit eac747e848eaed65fd5f6f254f0a7559d856f88f Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 22:05:31 2013 +0100 Enabled the locale middleware by default. USE_I18N is True by default, and doesn't work well without LocaleMiddleware. commit d806c62b2d00826dc2688c84b092627b8d571cab Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 22:03:16 2013 +0100 Enabled clickjacking protection by default. commit 99152c30e6a15003f0b6737dc78e87adf462aacb Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 22:01:48 2013 +0100 Reorganized settings in logical sections, and trimmed comments. commit d37ffdfcb24b7e0ec7cc113d07190f65fb12fb8a Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 16:54:11 2013 +0100 Avoided misleading TEMPLATE_DEBUG = DEBUG. According to the docs TEMPLATE_DEBUG works only when DEBUG = True. commit 15d9478d3a9850e85841e7cf09cf83050371c6bf Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 16:46:25 2013 +0100 Removed STATICFILES_FINDERS/TEMPLATE_LOADERS from default settings file. Only developers with special needs ever need to change these settings. commit 574da0eb5bfb4570883756914b4dbd7e20e1f61e Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 16:45:01 2013 +0100 Removed STATICFILES/TEMPLATES_DIRS from default settings file. The current best practice is to put static files and templates in applications, for easier testing and deployment. commit 8cb18dbe56629aa1be74718a07e7cc66b4f9c9f0 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 16:24:16 2013 +0100 Removed settings related to email reporting from default settings file. While handy for small scale projects, it isn't exactly a best practice. commit 8ecbfcb3638058f0c49922540f874a7d802d864f Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Tue Jan 29 18:54:43 2013 +0100 Documented how to enable the sites framework. commit 23fc91a6fa67d91ddd9d71b1c3e0dc26bdad9841 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 16:28:59 2013 +0100 Disabled the sites framework by default. RequestSite does the job for single-domain websites. commit c4d82eb8afc0eb8568bf9c4d12644272415e3960 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Tue Jan 29 00:08:33 2013 +0100 Added a default admin.py to the application template. Thanks Ryan D Hiebert for the suggestion. commit 4071dc771e5c44b1c5ebb9beecefb164ae465e22 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 10:59:49 2013 +0100 Enabled the admin by default. Everyone uses the admin. commit c807a31f8d89e7e7fd97380e3023f7983a8b6fcb Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 10:57:05 2013 +0100 Removed admindocs from default project template. commit 09e4ce0e652a97da1a9e285046a91c8ad7a9189c Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 16:32:52 2013 +0100 Added links to the settings documentation. commit 5b8f5eaef364eb790fcde6f9e86f7d266074cca8 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 11:06:54 2013 +0100 Used a significant example for URLconf includes. commit 908e91d6fcee2a3cb51ca26ecdf12a6a24e69ef8 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 16:22:31 2013 +0100 Moved code comments about WSGI to docs, and rewrote said docs. commit 50417e51996146f891d08ca8b74dcc736a581932 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 15:51:50 2013 +0100 Normalized the default application template. Removed the default test that 1 + 1 = 2, because it's been committed way too many times, in too many projects. Added an import of `render` for views, because the first view will often be: def home(request): return render(request, "mysite/home.html")
2013-01-28 22:51:50 +08:00
A string representing the time zone for this installation, or ``None``. See
the `list of time zones`_.
.. note::
Since Django was first released with the :setting:`TIME_ZONE` set to
``'America/Chicago'``, the global setting (used if nothing is defined in
your project's ``settings.py``) remains ``'America/Chicago'`` for backwards
compatibility. New project templates default to ``'UTC'``.
Note that this isn't necessarily the time zone of the server. For example, one
server may serve multiple Django-powered sites, each with a separate time zone
setting.
When :setting:`USE_TZ` is ``False``, this is the time zone in which Django
will store all datetimes. When :setting:`USE_TZ` is ``True``, this is the
default time zone that Django will use to display datetimes in templates and
to interpret datetimes entered in forms.
Django sets the ``os.environ['TZ']`` variable to the time zone you specify in
the :setting:`TIME_ZONE` setting. Thus, all your views and models will
automatically operate in this time zone. However, Django won't set the ``TZ``
environment variable under the following conditions:
* If you're using the manual configuration option as described in
:ref:`manually configuring settings
<settings-without-django-settings-module>`, or
* If you specify ``TIME_ZONE = None``. This will cause Django to fall back to
using the system timezone. However, this is discouraged when :setting:`USE_TZ
= True <USE_TZ>`, because it makes conversions between local time and UTC
less reliable.
If Django doesn't set the ``TZ`` environment variable, it's up to you
to ensure your processes are running in the correct environment.
.. note::
Django cannot reliably use alternate time zones in a Windows environment.
If you're running Django on Windows, :setting:`TIME_ZONE` must be set to
match the system time zone.
Simplified default project template. Squashed commit of: commit 508ec9144b35c50794708225b496bde1eb5e60aa Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Tue Jan 29 22:50:55 2013 +0100 Tweaked default settings file. * Explained why BASE_DIR exists. * Added a link to the database configuration options, and put it in its own section. * Moved sensitive settings that must be changed for production at the top. commit 6515fd2f1aa73a86dc8dbd2ccf512ddb6b140d57 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Tue Jan 29 14:35:21 2013 +0100 Documented the simplified app & project templates in the changelog. commit 2c5b576c2ea91d84273a019b3d0b3b8b4da72f23 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Tue Jan 29 13:59:27 2013 +0100 Minor fixes in tutorials 5 and 6. commit 55a51531be8104f21b3cca3f6bf70b0a7139a041 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Tue Jan 29 13:51:11 2013 +0100 Updated tutorial 2 for the new project template. commit 29ddae87bdaecff12dd31b16b000c01efbde9e20 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Tue Jan 29 11:58:54 2013 +0100 Updated tutorial 1 for the new project template. commit 0ecb9f6e2514cfd26a678a280d471433375101a3 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Tue Jan 29 11:29:13 2013 +0100 Adjusted the default URLconf detection to account for the admin. It's now enabled by default. commit 5fb4da0d3d09dac28dd94e3fde92b9d4335c0565 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Tue Jan 29 10:36:55 2013 +0100 Added security warnings for the most sensitive settings. commit 718d84bd8ac4a42fb4b28ec93965de32680f091e Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 23:24:06 2013 +0100 Used an absolute path for the SQLite database. This ensures the settings file works regardless of which directory django-admin.py / manage.py is invoked from. BASE_DIR got a +1 from a BDFL and another core dev. It doesn't involve the concept of a "Django project"; it's just a convenient way to express relative paths within the source code repository for non-Python files. Thanks Jacob Kaplan-Moss for the suggestion. commit 1b559b4bcda622e10909b68fe5cab90db6727dd9 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 23:22:40 2013 +0100 Removed STATIC_ROOT from the default settings template. It isn't necessary in development, and it confuses beginners to no end. Thanks Carl Meyer for the suggestion. commit a55f141a500bb7c9a1bc259bbe1954c13b199671 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 23:21:43 2013 +0100 Removed MEDIA_ROOT/URL from default settings template. Many sites will never deal with user-uploaded files, and MEDIA_ROOT is complicated to explain. Thanks Carl Meyer for the suggestion. commit 44bf2f2441420fd9429ee9fe1f7207f92dd87e70 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 22:22:09 2013 +0100 Removed logging config. This configuration is applied regardless of the value of LOGGING; duplicating it in LOGGING is confusing. commit eac747e848eaed65fd5f6f254f0a7559d856f88f Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 22:05:31 2013 +0100 Enabled the locale middleware by default. USE_I18N is True by default, and doesn't work well without LocaleMiddleware. commit d806c62b2d00826dc2688c84b092627b8d571cab Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 22:03:16 2013 +0100 Enabled clickjacking protection by default. commit 99152c30e6a15003f0b6737dc78e87adf462aacb Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 22:01:48 2013 +0100 Reorganized settings in logical sections, and trimmed comments. commit d37ffdfcb24b7e0ec7cc113d07190f65fb12fb8a Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 16:54:11 2013 +0100 Avoided misleading TEMPLATE_DEBUG = DEBUG. According to the docs TEMPLATE_DEBUG works only when DEBUG = True. commit 15d9478d3a9850e85841e7cf09cf83050371c6bf Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 16:46:25 2013 +0100 Removed STATICFILES_FINDERS/TEMPLATE_LOADERS from default settings file. Only developers with special needs ever need to change these settings. commit 574da0eb5bfb4570883756914b4dbd7e20e1f61e Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 16:45:01 2013 +0100 Removed STATICFILES/TEMPLATES_DIRS from default settings file. The current best practice is to put static files and templates in applications, for easier testing and deployment. commit 8cb18dbe56629aa1be74718a07e7cc66b4f9c9f0 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 16:24:16 2013 +0100 Removed settings related to email reporting from default settings file. While handy for small scale projects, it isn't exactly a best practice. commit 8ecbfcb3638058f0c49922540f874a7d802d864f Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Tue Jan 29 18:54:43 2013 +0100 Documented how to enable the sites framework. commit 23fc91a6fa67d91ddd9d71b1c3e0dc26bdad9841 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 16:28:59 2013 +0100 Disabled the sites framework by default. RequestSite does the job for single-domain websites. commit c4d82eb8afc0eb8568bf9c4d12644272415e3960 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Tue Jan 29 00:08:33 2013 +0100 Added a default admin.py to the application template. Thanks Ryan D Hiebert for the suggestion. commit 4071dc771e5c44b1c5ebb9beecefb164ae465e22 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 10:59:49 2013 +0100 Enabled the admin by default. Everyone uses the admin. commit c807a31f8d89e7e7fd97380e3023f7983a8b6fcb Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 10:57:05 2013 +0100 Removed admindocs from default project template. commit 09e4ce0e652a97da1a9e285046a91c8ad7a9189c Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 16:32:52 2013 +0100 Added links to the settings documentation. commit 5b8f5eaef364eb790fcde6f9e86f7d266074cca8 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 11:06:54 2013 +0100 Used a significant example for URLconf includes. commit 908e91d6fcee2a3cb51ca26ecdf12a6a24e69ef8 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 16:22:31 2013 +0100 Moved code comments about WSGI to docs, and rewrote said docs. commit 50417e51996146f891d08ca8b74dcc736a581932 Author: Aymeric Augustin <aymeric.augustin@m4x.org> Date: Mon Jan 28 15:51:50 2013 +0100 Normalized the default application template. Removed the default test that 1 + 1 = 2, because it's been committed way too many times, in too many projects. Added an import of `render` for views, because the first view will often be: def home(request): return render(request, "mysite/home.html")
2013-01-28 22:51:50 +08:00
.. _list of time zones: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_database_time_zones
.. _pytz: http://pytz.sourceforge.net/
.. setting:: TRANSACTIONS_MANAGED
TRANSACTIONS_MANAGED
--------------------
.. deprecated:: 1.6
This setting was deprecated because its name is very misleading. Use the
:setting:`AUTOCOMMIT <DATABASE-AUTOCOMMIT>` key in :setting:`DATABASES`
entries instead.
Default: ``False``
Set this to ``True`` if you want to :ref:`disable Django's transaction
management <deactivate-transaction-management>` and implement your own.
.. setting:: USE_ETAGS
USE_ETAGS
---------
Default: ``False``
A boolean that specifies whether to output the "Etag" header. This saves
bandwidth but slows down performance. This is used by the ``CommonMiddleware``
(see :doc:`/topics/http/middleware`) and in the``Cache Framework``
(see :doc:`/topics/cache`).
.. setting:: USE_I18N
USE_I18N
--------
Default: ``True``
A boolean that specifies whether Django's translation system should be enabled.
This provides an easy way to turn it off, for performance. If this is set to
``False``, Django will make some optimizations so as not to load the
translation machinery.
See also :setting:`LANGUAGE_CODE`, :setting:`USE_L10N` and :setting:`USE_TZ`.
.. setting:: USE_L10N
USE_L10N
--------
Default: ``False``
A boolean that specifies if localized formatting of data will be enabled by
default or not. If this is set to ``True``, e.g. Django will display numbers and
dates using the format of the current locale.
See also :setting:`LANGUAGE_CODE`, :setting:`USE_I18N` and :setting:`USE_TZ`.
.. note::
The default :file:`settings.py` file created by :djadmin:`django-admin.py
startproject <startproject>` includes ``USE_L10N = True`` for convenience.
.. setting:: USE_THOUSAND_SEPARATOR
USE_THOUSAND_SEPARATOR
----------------------
Default: ``False``
A boolean that specifies whether to display numbers using a thousand separator.
When :setting:`USE_L10N` is set to ``True`` and if this is also set to
``True``, Django will use the values of :setting:`THOUSAND_SEPARATOR` and
:setting:`NUMBER_GROUPING` to format numbers.
See also :setting:`DECIMAL_SEPARATOR`, :setting:`NUMBER_GROUPING` and
:setting:`THOUSAND_SEPARATOR`.
.. setting:: USE_TZ
USE_TZ
------
Default: ``False``
A boolean that specifies if datetimes will be timezone-aware by default or not.
If this is set to ``True``, Django will use timezone-aware datetimes internally.
Otherwise, Django will use naive datetimes in local time.
See also :setting:`TIME_ZONE`, :setting:`USE_I18N` and :setting:`USE_L10N`.
.. note::
The default :file:`settings.py` file created by
:djadmin:`django-admin.py startproject <startproject>` includes
``USE_TZ = True`` for convenience.
.. setting:: USE_X_FORWARDED_HOST
USE_X_FORWARDED_HOST
--------------------
Default: ``False``
A boolean that specifies whether to use the X-Forwarded-Host header in
preference to the Host header. This should only be enabled if a proxy
which sets this header is in use.
.. setting:: WSGI_APPLICATION
WSGI_APPLICATION
----------------
Default: ``None``
The full Python path of the WSGI application object that Django's built-in
servers (e.g. :djadmin:`runserver`) will use. The :djadmin:`django-admin.py
startproject <startproject>` management command will create a simple
``wsgi.py`` file with an ``application`` callable in it, and point this setting
to that ``application``.
If not set, the return value of ``django.core.wsgi.get_wsgi_application()``
will be used. In this case, the behavior of :djadmin:`runserver` will be
identical to previous Django versions.
.. setting:: YEAR_MONTH_FORMAT
YEAR_MONTH_FORMAT
-----------------
Default: ``'F Y'``
The default formatting to use for date fields on Django admin change-list
pages -- and, possibly, by other parts of the system -- in cases when only the
year and month are displayed.
For example, when a Django admin change-list page is being filtered by a date
drilldown, the header for a given month displays the month and the year.
Different locales have different formats. For example, U.S. English would say
"January 2006," whereas another locale might say "2006/January."
See :tfilter:`allowed date format strings <date>`. See also
:setting:`DATE_FORMAT`, :setting:`DATETIME_FORMAT`, :setting:`TIME_FORMAT`
and :setting:`MONTH_DAY_FORMAT`.
.. setting:: X_FRAME_OPTIONS
X_FRAME_OPTIONS
---------------
Default: ``'SAMEORIGIN'``
The default value for the X-Frame-Options header used by
:class:`~django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware`. See the
:doc:`clickjacking protection </ref/clickjacking/>` documentation.
Admindocs
=========
Settings for :mod:`django.contrib.admindocs`.
.. setting:: ADMIN_FOR
ADMIN_FOR
---------
Default: ``()`` (Empty tuple)
Used for admin-site settings modules, this should be a tuple of settings
modules (in the format ``'foo.bar.baz'``) for which this site is an admin.
The admin site uses this in its automatically-introspected documentation of
models, views and template tags.
Auth
====
Settings for :mod:`django.contrib.auth`.
.. setting:: AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS
AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS
-----------------------
Default: ``('django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend',)``
A tuple of authentication backend classes (as strings) to use when attempting to
authenticate a user. See the :ref:`authentication backends documentation
<authentication-backends>` for details.
Fixed #3011 -- Added swappable auth.User models. Thanks to the many people that contributed to the development and review of this patch, including (but not limited to) Jacob Kaplan-Moss, Anssi Kääriäinen, Ramiro Morales, Preston Holmes, Josh Ourisman, Thomas Sutton, and Roger Barnes, as well as the many, many people who have contributed to the design discussion around this ticket over many years. Squashed commit of the following: commit d84749a0f034a0a6906d20df047086b1219040d0 Merge: 531e771 7c11b1a Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Wed Sep 26 18:37:04 2012 +0800 Merge remote-tracking branch 'django/master' into t3011 commit 531e7715da545f930c49919a19e954d41c59b446 Merge: 29d1abb 1f84b04 Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Wed Sep 26 07:09:23 2012 +0800 Merged recent trunk changes. commit 29d1abbe351fd5da855fe5ce09e24227d90ddc91 Merge: 8a527dd 54c81a1 Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Mon Sep 24 07:49:46 2012 +0800 Merge remote-tracking branch 'django/master' into t3011 commit 8a527dda13c9bec955b1f7e8db5822d1d9b32a01 Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Mon Sep 24 07:48:05 2012 +0800 Ensure sequences are reset correctly in the presence of swapped models. commit e2b6e22f298eb986d74d28b8d9906f37f5ff8eb8 Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Sun Sep 23 17:53:05 2012 +0800 Modifications to the handling and docs for auth forms. commit 98aba856b534620aea9091f824b442b47d2fdb3c Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Sun Sep 23 15:28:57 2012 +0800 Improved error handling and docs for get_user_model() commit 0229209c844f06dfeb33b0b8eeec000c127695b6 Merge: 6494bf9 8599f64 Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Sun Sep 23 14:50:11 2012 +0800 Merged recent Django trunk changes. commit 6494bf91f2ddaaabec3ec017f2e3131937c35517 Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Mon Sep 17 21:38:44 2012 +0800 Improved validation of swappable model settings. commit 5a04cde342cc860384eb844cfda5af55204564ad Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Mon Sep 17 07:15:14 2012 +0800 Removed some unused imports. commit ffd535e4136dc54f084b6ac467e81444696e1c8a Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Sun Sep 16 20:31:28 2012 +0800 Corrected attribute access on for get_by_natural_key commit 913e1ac84c3d9c7c58a9b3bdbbb15ebccd8a8c0a Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Sun Sep 16 20:12:34 2012 +0800 Added test for proxy model safeguards on swappable models. commit 280bf19e94d0d534d0e51bae485c1842558f4ff4 Merge: dbb3900 935a863 Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Sun Sep 16 18:16:49 2012 +0800 Merge remote-tracking branch 'django/master' into t3011 commit dbb3900775a99df8b6cb1d7063cf364eab55621a Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Sun Sep 16 18:09:27 2012 +0800 Fixes for Python 3 compatibility. commit dfd72131d8664615e245aa0f95b82604ba6b3821 Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Sun Sep 16 15:54:30 2012 +0800 Added protection against proxying swapped models. commit abcb027190e53613e7f1734e77ee185b2587de31 Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Sun Sep 16 15:11:10 2012 +0800 Cleanup and documentation of AbstractUser base class. commit a9491a87763e307f0eb0dc246f54ac865a6ffb34 Merge: fd8bb4e 08bcb4a Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Sun Sep 16 14:46:49 2012 +0800 Merge commit '08bcb4aec1ed154cefc631b8510ee13e9af0c19d' into t3011 commit fd8bb4e3e498a92d7a8b340f0684d5f088aa4c92 Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Sun Sep 16 14:20:14 2012 +0800 Documentation improvements coming from community review. commit b550a6d06d016ab6a0198c4cb2dffe9cceabe8a5 Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Sun Sep 16 13:52:47 2012 +0800 Refactored skipIfCustomUser into the contrib.auth tests. commit 52a02f11107c3f0d711742b8ca65b75175b79d6a Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Sun Sep 16 13:46:10 2012 +0800 Refactored common 'get' pattern into manager method. commit b441a6bbc7d6065175715cb09316b9f13268171b Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Sun Sep 16 13:41:33 2012 +0800 Added note about backwards incompatible change to admin login messages. commit 08bcb4aec1ed154cefc631b8510ee13e9af0c19d Author: Anssi Kääriäinen <akaariai@gmail.com> Date: Sat Sep 15 18:30:33 2012 +0300 Splitted User to AbstractUser and User commit d9f5e5addbad5e1a01f67e7358e4f5091c3cad81 Author: Anssi Kääriäinen <akaariai@gmail.com> Date: Sat Sep 15 18:30:02 2012 +0300 Reworked REQUIRED_FIELDS + create_user() interaction commit 579f152e4a6e06671e1ac1e59e2b43cf4d764bf4 Merge: 9184972 93e6733 Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Sat Sep 15 20:18:37 2012 +0800 Merge remote-tracking branch 'django/master' into t3011 commit 918497218c58227f5032873ff97261627b2ceab2 Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Sat Sep 15 20:18:19 2012 +0800 Deprecate AUTH_PROFILE_MODULE and get_profile(). commit 334cdfc1bb6a6794791497cdefda843bca2ea57a Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Sat Sep 15 20:00:12 2012 +0800 Added release notes for new swappable User feature. commit 5d7bb22e8d913b51aba1c3360e7af8b01b6c0ab6 Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Sat Sep 15 19:59:49 2012 +0800 Ensure swapped models can't be queried. commit 57ac6e3d32605a67581e875b37ec5b2284711a32 Merge: f2ec915 abfba3b Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Sat Sep 15 14:31:54 2012 +0800 Merge remote-tracking branch 'django/master' into t3011 commit f2ec915b20f81c8afeaa3df25f80689712f720f8 Merge: 1952656 5e99a3d Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Sun Sep 9 08:29:51 2012 +0800 Merge remote-tracking branch 'django/master' into t3011 commit 19526563b54fa300785c49cfb625c0c6158ced67 Merge: 2c5e833 c4aa26a Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Sun Sep 9 08:22:26 2012 +0800 Merge recent changes from master. commit 2c5e833a30bef4305d55eacc0703533152f5c427 Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Sun Sep 9 07:53:46 2012 +0800 Corrected admin_views tests following removal of the email fallback on admin logins. commit 20d1892491839d6ef21f37db4ca136935c2076bf Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Sun Sep 9 01:00:37 2012 +0800 Added conditional skips for all tests dependent on the default User model commit 40ea8b888284775481fc1eaadeff267dbd7e3dfa Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Sat Sep 8 23:47:02 2012 +0800 Added documentation for REQUIRED_FIELDS in custom auth. commit e6aaf659708cf6491f5485d3edfa616cb9214cc0 Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Sat Sep 8 23:20:02 2012 +0800 Added first draft of custom User docs. Thanks to Greg Turner for the initial text. commit 75118bd242eec87649da2859e8c50a199a8a1dca Author: Thomas Sutton <me@thomas-sutton.id.au> Date: Mon Aug 20 11:17:26 2012 +0800 Admin app should not allow username discovery The admin app login form should not allow users to discover the username associated with an email address. commit d088b3af58dad7449fc58493193a327725c57c22 Author: Thomas Sutton <me@thomas-sutton.id.au> Date: Mon Aug 20 10:32:13 2012 +0800 Admin app login form should use swapped user model commit 7e82e83d67ee0871a72e1a3a723afdd214fcefc3 Merge: e29c010 39aa890 Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Fri Sep 7 23:45:03 2012 +0800 Merged master changes. commit e29c010beb96ca07697c4e3e0c0d5d3ffdc4c0a3 Merge: 8e3fd70 30bdf22 Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Mon Aug 20 13:12:57 2012 +0800 Merge remote-tracking branch 'django/master' into t3011 commit 8e3fd703d02c31a4c3ac9f51f5011d03c0bd47f6 Merge: 507bb50 26e0ba0 Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Mon Aug 20 13:09:09 2012 +0800 Merged recent changes from trunk. commit 507bb50a9291bfcdcfa1198f9fea21d4e3b1e762 Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Mon Jun 4 20:41:37 2012 +0800 Modified auth app so that login with alternate auth app is possible. commit dabe3628362ab7a4a6c9686dd874803baa997eaa Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Mon Jun 4 20:10:51 2012 +0800 Modified auth management commands to handle custom user definitions. commit 7cc0baf89d490c92ef3f1dc909b8090191a1294b Author: Russell Keith-Magee <russell@keith-magee.com> Date: Mon Jun 4 14:17:28 2012 +0800 Added model Meta option for swappable models, and made auth.User a swappable model
2012-09-26 18:48:09 +08:00
.. setting:: AUTH_PROFILE_MODULE
AUTH_PROFILE_MODULE
-------------------
.. deprecated:: 1.5
With the introduction of :ref:`custom User models <auth-custom-user>`,
the use of :setting:`AUTH_PROFILE_MODULE` to define a single profile
model is no longer supported. See the
:doc:`Django 1.5 release notes</releases/1.5>` for more information.
Default: Not defined
The site-specific user profile model used by this site. See
:ref:`User profiles <auth-profiles>`.
.. setting:: AUTH_USER_MODEL
AUTH_USER_MODEL
---------------
Default: 'auth.User'
The model to use to represent a User. See :ref:`auth-custom-user`.
.. setting:: LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL
LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL
------------------
Default: ``'/accounts/profile/'``
The URL where requests are redirected after login when the
``contrib.auth.login`` view gets no ``next`` parameter.
This is used by the :func:`~django.contrib.auth.decorators.login_required`
decorator, for example.
.. versionchanged:: 1.5
This setting now also accepts view function names and
:ref:`named URL patterns <naming-url-patterns>` which can be used to reduce
configuration duplication since you no longer have to define the URL in two
places (``settings`` and URLconf).
For backward compatibility reasons the default remains unchanged.
.. setting:: LOGIN_URL
LOGIN_URL
---------
Default: ``'/accounts/login/'``
The URL where requests are redirected for login, especially when using the
:func:`~django.contrib.auth.decorators.login_required` decorator.
.. versionchanged:: 1.5
This setting now also accepts view function names and
:ref:`named URL patterns <naming-url-patterns>` which can be used to reduce
configuration duplication since you no longer have to define the URL in two
places (``settings`` and URLconf).
For backward compatibility reasons the default remains unchanged.
.. setting:: LOGOUT_URL
LOGOUT_URL
----------
Default: ``'/accounts/logout/'``
LOGIN_URL counterpart.
.. setting:: PASSWORD_RESET_TIMEOUT_DAYS
PASSWORD_RESET_TIMEOUT_DAYS
---------------------------
Default: ``3``
The number of days a password reset link is valid for. Used by the
:mod:`django.contrib.auth` password reset mechanism.
.. setting:: PASSWORD_HASHERS
PASSWORD_HASHERS
----------------
See :ref:`auth_password_storage`.
Default::
('django.contrib.auth.hashers.PBKDF2PasswordHasher',
'django.contrib.auth.hashers.PBKDF2SHA1PasswordHasher',
'django.contrib.auth.hashers.BCryptPasswordHasher',
'django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',
'django.contrib.auth.hashers.MD5PasswordHasher',
'django.contrib.auth.hashers.UnsaltedMD5PasswordHasher',
'django.contrib.auth.hashers.CryptPasswordHasher',)
.. _settings-comments:
Comments
========
Settings for :mod:`django.contrib.comments`.
.. setting:: COMMENTS_HIDE_REMOVED
COMMENTS_HIDE_REMOVED
---------------------
If ``True`` (default), removed comments will be excluded from comment
lists/counts (as taken from template tags). Otherwise, the template author is
responsible for some sort of a "this comment has been removed by the site staff"
message.
.. setting:: COMMENT_MAX_LENGTH
COMMENT_MAX_LENGTH
------------------
The maximum length of the comment field, in characters. Comments longer than
this will be rejected. Defaults to 3000.
.. setting:: COMMENTS_APP
COMMENTS_APP
------------
An app which provides :doc:`customization of the comments framework
</ref/contrib/comments/custom>`. Use the same dotted-string notation
as in :setting:`INSTALLED_APPS`. Your custom :setting:`COMMENTS_APP`
must also be listed in :setting:`INSTALLED_APPS`.
.. setting:: PROFANITIES_LIST
PROFANITIES_LIST
----------------
Default: ``()`` (Empty tuple)
A tuple of profanities, as strings, that will be forbidden in comments when
``COMMENTS_ALLOW_PROFANITIES`` is ``False``.
.. _settings-messages:
Messages
========
Settings for :mod:`django.contrib.messages`.
.. setting:: MESSAGE_LEVEL
MESSAGE_LEVEL
-------------
Default: `messages.INFO`
Sets the minimum message level that will be recorded by the messages
framework. See :ref:`message levels <message-level>` for more details.
.. admonition:: Important
If you override ``MESSAGE_LEVEL`` in your settings file and rely on any of
the built-in constants, you must import the constants module directly to
avoid the potential for circular imports, e.g.::
from django.contrib.messages import constants as message_constants
MESSAGE_LEVEL = message_constants.DEBUG
If desired, you may specify the numeric values for the constants directly
according to the values in the above :ref:`constants table
<message-level-constants>`.
.. setting:: MESSAGE_STORAGE
MESSAGE_STORAGE
---------------
Default: ``'django.contrib.messages.storage.fallback.FallbackStorage'``
Controls where Django stores message data. Valid values are:
* ``'django.contrib.messages.storage.fallback.FallbackStorage'``
* ``'django.contrib.messages.storage.session.SessionStorage'``
* ``'django.contrib.messages.storage.cookie.CookieStorage'``
See :ref:`message storage backends <message-storage-backends>` for more details.
.. setting:: MESSAGE_TAGS
MESSAGE_TAGS
------------
Default::
{messages.DEBUG: 'debug',
messages.INFO: 'info',
messages.SUCCESS: 'success',
messages.WARNING: 'warning',
messages.ERROR: 'error',}
This sets the mapping of message level to message tag, which is typically
rendered as a CSS class in HTML. If you specify a value, it will extend
the default. This means you only have to specify those values which you need
to override. See :ref:`message-displaying` above for more details.
.. admonition:: Important
If you override ``MESSAGE_TAGS`` in your settings file and rely on any of
the built-in constants, you must import the ``constants`` module directly to
avoid the potential for circular imports, e.g.::
from django.contrib.messages import constants as message_constants
MESSAGE_TAGS = {message_constants.INFO: ''}
If desired, you may specify the numeric values for the constants directly
according to the values in the above :ref:`constants table
<message-level-constants>`.
.. _messages-session_cookie_domain:
SESSION_COOKIE_DOMAIN
---------------------
Default: ``None``
The storage backends that use cookies -- ``CookieStorage`` and
``FallbackStorage`` -- use the value of :setting:`SESSION_COOKIE_DOMAIN` in
setting their cookies.
.. _settings-sessions:
Sessions
========
Settings for :mod:`django.contrib.sessions`.
.. setting:: SESSION_CACHE_ALIAS
SESSION_CACHE_ALIAS
-------------------
Default: ``default``
If you're using :ref:`cache-based session storage <cached-sessions-backend>`,
this selects the cache to use.
.. setting:: SESSION_COOKIE_AGE
SESSION_COOKIE_AGE
------------------
Default: ``1209600`` (2 weeks, in seconds)
The age of session cookies, in seconds.
.. setting:: SESSION_COOKIE_DOMAIN
SESSION_COOKIE_DOMAIN
---------------------
Default: ``None``
The domain to use for session cookies. Set this to a string such as
``".example.com"`` (note the leading dot!) for cross-domain cookies, or use
``None`` for a standard domain cookie.
Be cautious when updating this setting on a production site. If you update
this setting to enable cross-domain cookies on a site that previously used
standard domain cookies, existing user cookies will be set to the old
domain. This may result in them being unable to log in as long as these cookies
persist.
.. setting:: SESSION_COOKIE_HTTPONLY
SESSION_COOKIE_HTTPONLY
-----------------------
Default: ``True``
Whether to use HTTPOnly flag on the session cookie. If this is set to
``True``, client-side JavaScript will not to be able to access the
session cookie.
HTTPOnly_ is a flag included in a Set-Cookie HTTP response header. It
is not part of the :rfc:`2109` standard for cookies, and it isn't honored
consistently by all browsers. However, when it is honored, it can be a
useful way to mitigate the risk of client side script accessing the
protected cookie data.
.. _HTTPOnly: https://www.owasp.org/index.php/HTTPOnly
.. setting:: SESSION_COOKIE_NAME
SESSION_COOKIE_NAME
-------------------
Default: ``'sessionid'``
The name of the cookie to use for sessions. This can be whatever you want (but
should be different from :setting:`LANGUAGE_COOKIE_NAME`).
.. setting:: SESSION_COOKIE_PATH
SESSION_COOKIE_PATH
-------------------
Default: ``'/'``
The path set on the session cookie. This should either match the URL path of your
Django installation or be parent of that path.
This is useful if you have multiple Django instances running under the same
hostname. They can use different cookie paths, and each instance will only see
its own session cookie.
.. setting:: SESSION_COOKIE_SECURE
SESSION_COOKIE_SECURE
---------------------
Default: ``False``
Whether to use a secure cookie for the session cookie. If this is set to
``True``, the cookie will be marked as "secure," which means browsers may
ensure that the cookie is only sent under an HTTPS connection.
.. setting:: SESSION_ENGINE
SESSION_ENGINE
--------------
Default: ``django.contrib.sessions.backends.db``
Controls where Django stores session data. Valid values are:
* ``'django.contrib.sessions.backends.db'``
* ``'django.contrib.sessions.backends.file'``
* ``'django.contrib.sessions.backends.cache'``
* ``'django.contrib.sessions.backends.cached_db'``
* ``'django.contrib.sessions.backends.signed_cookies'``
See :ref:`configuring-sessions` for more details.
.. setting:: SESSION_EXPIRE_AT_BROWSER_CLOSE
SESSION_EXPIRE_AT_BROWSER_CLOSE
-------------------------------
Default: ``False``
Whether to expire the session when the user closes his or her browser. See
"Browser-length sessions vs. persistent sessions" above.
.. setting:: SESSION_FILE_PATH
SESSION_FILE_PATH
-----------------
Default: ``None``
If you're using file-based session storage, this sets the directory in
which Django will store session data. When the default value (``None``) is
used, Django will use the standard temporary directory for the system.
.. setting:: SESSION_SAVE_EVERY_REQUEST
SESSION_SAVE_EVERY_REQUEST
--------------------------
Default: ``False``
Whether to save the session data on every request. If this is ``False``
(default), then the session data will only be saved if it has been modified --
that is, if any of its dictionary values have been assigned or deleted.
Sites
=====
Settings for :mod:`django.contrib.sites`.
.. setting:: SITE_ID
SITE_ID
-------
Default: Not defined
The ID, as an integer, of the current site in the ``django_site`` database
table. This is used so that application data can hook into specific sites
and a single database can manage content for multiple sites.
.. _settings-staticfiles:
Static files
============
Settings for :mod:`django.contrib.staticfiles`.
.. setting:: STATIC_ROOT
STATIC_ROOT
-----------
Default: ``''`` (Empty string)
The absolute path to the directory where :djadmin:`collectstatic` will collect
static files for deployment.
Example: ``"/var/www/example.com/static/"``
If the :doc:`staticfiles</ref/contrib/staticfiles>` contrib app is enabled
(default) the :djadmin:`collectstatic` management command will collect static
files into this directory. See the howto on :doc:`managing static
files</howto/static-files>` for more details about usage.
.. warning::
This should be an (initially empty) destination directory for collecting
your static files from their permanent locations into one directory for
ease of deployment; it is **not** a place to store your static files
permanently. You should do that in directories that will be found by
:doc:`staticfiles</ref/contrib/staticfiles>`'s
:setting:`finders<STATICFILES_FINDERS>`, which by default, are
``'static/'`` app sub-directories and any directories you include in
:setting:`STATICFILES_DIRS`).
.. setting:: STATIC_URL
STATIC_URL
----------
Default: ``None``
URL to use when referring to static files located in :setting:`STATIC_ROOT`.
Example: ``"/static/"`` or ``"http://static.example.com/"``
If not ``None``, this will be used as the base path for
:ref:`media definitions<form-media-paths>` and the
:doc:`staticfiles app</ref/contrib/staticfiles>`.
It must end in a slash if set to a non-empty value.
.. setting:: STATICFILES_DIRS
STATICFILES_DIRS
----------------
Default: ``[]``
This setting defines the additional locations the staticfiles app will traverse
if the ``FileSystemFinder`` finder is enabled, e.g. if you use the
:djadmin:`collectstatic` or :djadmin:`findstatic` management command or use the
static file serving view.
This should be set to a list or tuple of strings that contain full paths to
your additional files directory(ies) e.g.::
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
"/home/special.polls.com/polls/static",
"/home/polls.com/polls/static",
"/opt/webfiles/common",
)
Prefixes (optional)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In case you want to refer to files in one of the locations with an additional
namespace, you can **optionally** provide a prefix as ``(prefix, path)``
tuples, e.g.::
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
# ...
("downloads", "/opt/webfiles/stats"),
)
Example:
Assuming you have :setting:`STATIC_URL` set ``'/static/'``, the
:djadmin:`collectstatic` management command would collect the "stats" files
in a ``'downloads'`` subdirectory of :setting:`STATIC_ROOT`.
This would allow you to refer to the local file
``'/opt/webfiles/stats/polls_20101022.tar.gz'`` with
``'/static/downloads/polls_20101022.tar.gz'`` in your templates, e.g.:
.. code-block:: html+django
<a href="{{ STATIC_URL }}downloads/polls_20101022.tar.gz">
.. setting:: STATICFILES_STORAGE
STATICFILES_STORAGE
-------------------
Default: ``'django.contrib.staticfiles.storage.StaticFilesStorage'``
The file storage engine to use when collecting static files with the
:djadmin:`collectstatic` management command.
A ready-to-use instance of the storage backend defined in this setting
can be found at ``django.contrib.staticfiles.storage.staticfiles_storage``.
For an example, see :ref:`staticfiles-from-cdn`.
.. setting:: STATICFILES_FINDERS
STATICFILES_FINDERS
-------------------
Default::
("django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.FileSystemFinder",
"django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.AppDirectoriesFinder")
The list of finder backends that know how to find static files in
various locations.
The default will find files stored in the :setting:`STATICFILES_DIRS` setting
(using ``django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.FileSystemFinder``) and in a
``static`` subdirectory of each app (using
``django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.AppDirectoriesFinder``)
One finder is disabled by default:
``django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.DefaultStorageFinder``. If added to
your :setting:`STATICFILES_FINDERS` setting, it will look for static files in
the default file storage as defined by the :setting:`DEFAULT_FILE_STORAGE`
setting.
.. note::
When using the ``AppDirectoriesFinder`` finder, make sure your apps
can be found by staticfiles. Simply add the app to the
:setting:`INSTALLED_APPS` setting of your site.
Static file finders are currently considered a private interface, and this
interface is thus undocumented.
Core Settings Topical Index
===========================
Cache
-----
* :setting:`CACHES`
* :setting:`CACHE_MIDDLEWARE_ALIAS`
* :setting:`CACHE_MIDDLEWARE_ANONYMOUS_ONLY`
* :setting:`CACHE_MIDDLEWARE_KEY_PREFIX`
* :setting:`CACHE_MIDDLEWARE_SECONDS`
Database
--------
* :setting:`DATABASES`
* :setting:`DATABASE_ROUTERS`
* :setting:`DEFAULT_INDEX_TABLESPACE`
* :setting:`DEFAULT_TABLESPACE`
* :setting:`TRANSACTIONS_MANAGED`
Debugging
---------
* :setting:`DEBUG`
* :setting:`DEBUG_PROPAGATE_EXCEPTIONS`
Email
-----
* :setting:`ADMINS`
* :setting:`DEFAULT_CHARSET`
* :setting:`DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL`
* :setting:`EMAIL_BACKEND`
* :setting:`EMAIL_FILE_PATH`
* :setting:`EMAIL_HOST`
* :setting:`EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD`
* :setting:`EMAIL_HOST_USER`
* :setting:`EMAIL_PORT`
* :setting:`EMAIL_SUBJECT_PREFIX`
* :setting:`EMAIL_USE_TLS`
* :setting:`MANAGERS`
* :setting:`SEND_BROKEN_LINK_EMAILS`
* :setting:`SERVER_EMAIL`
Error reporting
---------------
* :setting:`DEFAULT_EXCEPTION_REPORTER_FILTER`
* :setting:`IGNORABLE_404_URLS`
* :setting:`MANAGERS`
* :setting:`SEND_BROKEN_LINK_EMAILS`
File uploads
------------
* :setting:`DEFAULT_FILE_STORAGE`
* :setting:`FILE_CHARSET`
* :setting:`FILE_UPLOAD_HANDLERS`
* :setting:`FILE_UPLOAD_MAX_MEMORY_SIZE`
* :setting:`FILE_UPLOAD_PERMISSIONS`
* :setting:`FILE_UPLOAD_TEMP_DIR`
* :setting:`MEDIA_ROOT`
* :setting:`MEDIA_URL`
Globalization (i18n/l10n)
-------------------------
* :setting:`DATE_FORMAT`
* :setting:`DATE_INPUT_FORMATS`
* :setting:`DATETIME_FORMAT`
* :setting:`DATETIME_INPUT_FORMATS`
* :setting:`DECIMAL_SEPARATOR`
* :setting:`FIRST_DAY_OF_WEEK`
* :setting:`FORMAT_MODULE_PATH`
* :setting:`LANGUAGE_CODE`
* :setting:`LANGUAGE_COOKIE_NAME`
* :setting:`LANGUAGES`
* :setting:`LOCALE_PATHS`
* :setting:`MONTH_DAY_FORMAT`
* :setting:`NUMBER_GROUPING`
* :setting:`SHORT_DATE_FORMAT`
* :setting:`SHORT_DATETIME_FORMAT`
* :setting:`THOUSAND_SEPARATOR`
* :setting:`TIME_FORMAT`
* :setting:`TIME_INPUT_FORMATS`
* :setting:`TIME_ZONE`
* :setting:`USE_I18N`
* :setting:`USE_L10N`
* :setting:`USE_THOUSAND_SEPARATOR`
* :setting:`USE_TZ`
* :setting:`YEAR_MONTH_FORMAT`
HTTP
----
* :setting:`DEFAULT_CHARSET`
* :setting:`DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPE`
* :setting:`DISALLOWED_USER_AGENTS`
* :setting:`FORCE_SCRIPT_NAME`
* :setting:`INTERNAL_IPS`
* :setting:`MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES`
* :setting:`SECURE_PROXY_SSL_HEADER`
* :setting:`SIGNING_BACKEND`
* :setting:`USE_ETAGS`
* :setting:`USE_X_FORWARDED_HOST`
* :setting:`WSGI_APPLICATION`
Logging
-------
* :setting:`LOGGING`
* :setting:`LOGGING_CONFIG`
Models
------
* :setting:`ABSOLUTE_URL_OVERRIDES`
* :setting:`FIXTURE_DIRS`
* :setting:`INSTALLED_APPS`
Security
--------
* Cross Site Request Forgery protection
* :setting:`CSRF_COOKIE_DOMAIN`
* :setting:`CSRF_COOKIE_NAME`
* :setting:`CSRF_COOKIE_PATH`
* :setting:`CSRF_COOKIE_SECURE`
* :setting:`CSRF_FAILURE_VIEW`
* :setting:`SECRET_KEY`
* :setting:`X_FRAME_OPTIONS`
Serialization
-------------
* :setting:`DEFAULT_CHARSET`
* :setting:`SERIALIZATION_MODULES`
Templates
---------
* :setting:`ALLOWED_INCLUDE_ROOTS`
* :setting:`TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS`
* :setting:`TEMPLATE_DEBUG`
* :setting:`TEMPLATE_DIRS`
* :setting:`TEMPLATE_LOADERS`
* :setting:`TEMPLATE_STRING_IF_INVALID`
Testing
-------
* Database
* :setting:`TEST_CHARSET`
* :setting:`TEST_COLLATION`
* :setting:`TEST_DEPENDENCIES`
* :setting:`TEST_MIRROR`
* :setting:`TEST_NAME`
* :setting:`TEST_CREATE`
* :setting:`TEST_USER`
* :setting:`TEST_USER_CREATE`
* :setting:`TEST_PASSWD`
* :setting:`TEST_TBLSPACE`
* :setting:`TEST_TBLSPACE_TMP`
* :setting:`TEST_RUNNER`
URLs
----
* :setting:`APPEND_SLASH`
* :setting:`PREPEND_WWW`
* :setting:`ROOT_URLCONF`