django/tests/prefetch_related/tests.py

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from __future__ import unicode_literals
from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType
from django.db import connection
from django.test import TestCase
from django.test.utils import override_settings
from django.utils import six
from .models import (Author, Book, Reader, Qualification, Teacher, Department,
TaggedItem, Bookmark, AuthorAddress, FavoriteAuthors, AuthorWithAge,
BookWithYear, BookReview, Person, House, Room, Employee, Comment,
LessonEntry, WordEntry)
class PrefetchRelatedTests(TestCase):
def setUp(self):
self.book1 = Book.objects.create(title="Poems")
self.book2 = Book.objects.create(title="Jane Eyre")
self.book3 = Book.objects.create(title="Wuthering Heights")
self.book4 = Book.objects.create(title="Sense and Sensibility")
self.author1 = Author.objects.create(name="Charlotte",
first_book=self.book1)
self.author2 = Author.objects.create(name="Anne",
first_book=self.book1)
self.author3 = Author.objects.create(name="Emily",
first_book=self.book1)
self.author4 = Author.objects.create(name="Jane",
first_book=self.book4)
self.book1.authors.add(self.author1, self.author2, self.author3)
self.book2.authors.add(self.author1)
self.book3.authors.add(self.author3)
self.book4.authors.add(self.author4)
self.reader1 = Reader.objects.create(name="Amy")
self.reader2 = Reader.objects.create(name="Belinda")
self.reader1.books_read.add(self.book1, self.book4)
self.reader2.books_read.add(self.book2, self.book4)
def test_m2m_forward(self):
with self.assertNumQueries(2):
lists = [list(b.authors.all()) for b in Book.objects.prefetch_related('authors')]
normal_lists = [list(b.authors.all()) for b in Book.objects.all()]
self.assertEqual(lists, normal_lists)
def test_m2m_reverse(self):
with self.assertNumQueries(2):
lists = [list(a.books.all()) for a in Author.objects.prefetch_related('books')]
normal_lists = [list(a.books.all()) for a in Author.objects.all()]
self.assertEqual(lists, normal_lists)
def test_foreignkey_forward(self):
with self.assertNumQueries(2):
books = [a.first_book for a in Author.objects.prefetch_related('first_book')]
normal_books = [a.first_book for a in Author.objects.all()]
self.assertEqual(books, normal_books)
def test_foreignkey_reverse(self):
with self.assertNumQueries(2):
lists = [list(b.first_time_authors.all())
for b in Book.objects.prefetch_related('first_time_authors')]
self.assertQuerysetEqual(self.book2.authors.all(), ["<Author: Charlotte>"])
def test_onetoone_reverse_no_match(self):
# Regression for #17439
with self.assertNumQueries(2):
book = Book.objects.prefetch_related('bookwithyear').all()[0]
with self.assertNumQueries(0):
with self.assertRaises(BookWithYear.DoesNotExist):
book.bookwithyear
def test_survives_clone(self):
with self.assertNumQueries(2):
lists = [list(b.first_time_authors.all())
for b in Book.objects.prefetch_related('first_time_authors').exclude(id=1000)]
def test_len(self):
with self.assertNumQueries(2):
qs = Book.objects.prefetch_related('first_time_authors')
length = len(qs)
lists = [list(b.first_time_authors.all())
for b in qs]
def test_bool(self):
with self.assertNumQueries(2):
qs = Book.objects.prefetch_related('first_time_authors')
x = bool(qs)
lists = [list(b.first_time_authors.all())
for b in qs]
def test_count(self):
with self.assertNumQueries(2):
qs = Book.objects.prefetch_related('first_time_authors')
[b.first_time_authors.count() for b in qs]
def test_exists(self):
with self.assertNumQueries(2):
qs = Book.objects.prefetch_related('first_time_authors')
[b.first_time_authors.exists() for b in qs]
def test_in_and_prefetch_related(self):
"""
Regression test for #20242 - QuerySet "in" didn't work the first time
when using prefetch_related. This was fixed by the removal of chunked
reads from QuerySet iteration in
70679243d1786e03557c28929f9762a119e3ac14.
"""
qs = Book.objects.prefetch_related('first_time_authors')
self.assertTrue(qs[0] in qs)
def test_clear(self):
"""
Test that we can clear the behavior by calling prefetch_related()
"""
with self.assertNumQueries(5):
with_prefetch = Author.objects.prefetch_related('books')
without_prefetch = with_prefetch.prefetch_related(None)
lists = [list(a.books.all()) for a in without_prefetch]
def test_m2m_then_m2m(self):
"""
Test we can follow a m2m and another m2m
"""
with self.assertNumQueries(3):
qs = Author.objects.prefetch_related('books__read_by')
lists = [[[six.text_type(r) for r in b.read_by.all()]
for b in a.books.all()]
for a in qs]
self.assertEqual(lists,
[
[["Amy"], ["Belinda"]], # Charlotte - Poems, Jane Eyre
[["Amy"]], # Anne - Poems
[["Amy"], []], # Emily - Poems, Wuthering Heights
[["Amy", "Belinda"]], # Jane - Sense and Sense
])
def test_overriding_prefetch(self):
with self.assertNumQueries(3):
qs = Author.objects.prefetch_related('books', 'books__read_by')
lists = [[[six.text_type(r) for r in b.read_by.all()]
for b in a.books.all()]
for a in qs]
self.assertEqual(lists,
[
[["Amy"], ["Belinda"]], # Charlotte - Poems, Jane Eyre
[["Amy"]], # Anne - Poems
[["Amy"], []], # Emily - Poems, Wuthering Heights
[["Amy", "Belinda"]], # Jane - Sense and Sense
])
with self.assertNumQueries(3):
qs = Author.objects.prefetch_related('books__read_by', 'books')
lists = [[[six.text_type(r) for r in b.read_by.all()]
for b in a.books.all()]
for a in qs]
self.assertEqual(lists,
[
[["Amy"], ["Belinda"]], # Charlotte - Poems, Jane Eyre
[["Amy"]], # Anne - Poems
[["Amy"], []], # Emily - Poems, Wuthering Heights
[["Amy", "Belinda"]], # Jane - Sense and Sense
])
def test_get(self):
"""
Test that objects retrieved with .get() get the prefetch behavior.
"""
# Need a double
with self.assertNumQueries(3):
author = Author.objects.prefetch_related('books__read_by').get(name="Charlotte")
lists = [[six.text_type(r) for r in b.read_by.all()]
for b in author.books.all()]
self.assertEqual(lists, [["Amy"], ["Belinda"]]) # Poems, Jane Eyre
def test_foreign_key_then_m2m(self):
"""
Test we can follow an m2m relation after a relation like ForeignKey
that doesn't have many objects
"""
with self.assertNumQueries(2):
qs = Author.objects.select_related('first_book').prefetch_related('first_book__read_by')
lists = [[six.text_type(r) for r in a.first_book.read_by.all()]
for a in qs]
self.assertEqual(lists, [["Amy"],
["Amy"],
["Amy"],
["Amy", "Belinda"]])
def test_attribute_error(self):
qs = Reader.objects.all().prefetch_related('books_read__xyz')
with self.assertRaises(AttributeError) as cm:
list(qs)
self.assertTrue('prefetch_related' in str(cm.exception))
def test_invalid_final_lookup(self):
qs = Book.objects.prefetch_related('authors__name')
with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as cm:
list(qs)
self.assertTrue('prefetch_related' in str(cm.exception))
self.assertTrue("name" in str(cm.exception))
class DefaultManagerTests(TestCase):
def setUp(self):
self.qual1 = Qualification.objects.create(name="BA")
self.qual2 = Qualification.objects.create(name="BSci")
self.qual3 = Qualification.objects.create(name="MA")
self.qual4 = Qualification.objects.create(name="PhD")
self.teacher1 = Teacher.objects.create(name="Mr Cleese")
self.teacher2 = Teacher.objects.create(name="Mr Idle")
self.teacher3 = Teacher.objects.create(name="Mr Chapman")
self.teacher1.qualifications.add(self.qual1, self.qual2, self.qual3, self.qual4)
self.teacher2.qualifications.add(self.qual1)
self.teacher3.qualifications.add(self.qual2)
self.dept1 = Department.objects.create(name="English")
self.dept2 = Department.objects.create(name="Physics")
self.dept1.teachers.add(self.teacher1, self.teacher2)
self.dept2.teachers.add(self.teacher1, self.teacher3)
def test_m2m_then_m2m(self):
with self.assertNumQueries(3):
# When we prefetch the teachers, and force the query, we don't want
# the default manager on teachers to immediately get all the related
# qualifications, since this will do one query per teacher.
qs = Department.objects.prefetch_related('teachers')
depts = "".join(["%s department: %s\n" %
(dept.name, ", ".join(six.text_type(t) for t in dept.teachers.all()))
for dept in qs])
self.assertEqual(depts,
"English department: Mr Cleese (BA, BSci, MA, PhD), Mr Idle (BA)\n"
"Physics department: Mr Cleese (BA, BSci, MA, PhD), Mr Chapman (BSci)\n")
class GenericRelationTests(TestCase):
def setUp(self):
book1 = Book.objects.create(title="Winnie the Pooh")
book2 = Book.objects.create(title="Do you like green eggs and spam?")
book3 = Book.objects.create(title="Three Men In A Boat")
reader1 = Reader.objects.create(name="me")
reader2 = Reader.objects.create(name="you")
reader3 = Reader.objects.create(name="someone")
book1.read_by.add(reader1, reader2)
book2.read_by.add(reader2)
book3.read_by.add(reader3)
self.book1, self.book2, self.book3 = book1, book2, book3
self.reader1, self.reader2, self.reader3 = reader1, reader2, reader3
def test_prefetch_GFK(self):
TaggedItem.objects.create(tag="awesome", content_object=self.book1)
TaggedItem.objects.create(tag="great", content_object=self.reader1)
TaggedItem.objects.create(tag="stupid", content_object=self.book2)
TaggedItem.objects.create(tag="amazing", content_object=self.reader3)
# 1 for TaggedItem table, 1 for Book table, 1 for Reader table
with self.assertNumQueries(3):
qs = TaggedItem.objects.prefetch_related('content_object')
list(qs)
def test_prefetch_GFK_nonint_pk(self):
Comment.objects.create(comment="awesome", content_object=self.book1)
# 1 for Comment table, 1 for Book table
with self.assertNumQueries(2):
qs = Comment.objects.prefetch_related('content_object')
[c.content_object for c in qs]
def test_traverse_GFK(self):
"""
Test that we can traverse a 'content_object' with prefetch_related() and
get to related objects on the other side (assuming it is suitably
filtered)
"""
TaggedItem.objects.create(tag="awesome", content_object=self.book1)
TaggedItem.objects.create(tag="awesome", content_object=self.book2)
TaggedItem.objects.create(tag="awesome", content_object=self.book3)
TaggedItem.objects.create(tag="awesome", content_object=self.reader1)
TaggedItem.objects.create(tag="awesome", content_object=self.reader2)
ct = ContentType.objects.get_for_model(Book)
# We get 3 queries - 1 for main query, 1 for content_objects since they
# all use the same table, and 1 for the 'read_by' relation.
with self.assertNumQueries(3):
# If we limit to books, we know that they will have 'read_by'
# attributes, so the following makes sense:
qs = TaggedItem.objects.filter(content_type=ct, tag='awesome').prefetch_related('content_object__read_by')
readers_of_awesome_books = set([r.name for tag in qs
for r in tag.content_object.read_by.all()])
self.assertEqual(readers_of_awesome_books, set(["me", "you", "someone"]))
def test_nullable_GFK(self):
TaggedItem.objects.create(tag="awesome", content_object=self.book1,
created_by=self.reader1)
TaggedItem.objects.create(tag="great", content_object=self.book2)
TaggedItem.objects.create(tag="rubbish", content_object=self.book3)
with self.assertNumQueries(2):
result = [t.created_by for t in TaggedItem.objects.prefetch_related('created_by')]
self.assertEqual(result,
[t.created_by for t in TaggedItem.objects.all()])
def test_generic_relation(self):
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bookmark = Bookmark.objects.create(url='http://www.djangoproject.com/')
t1 = TaggedItem.objects.create(content_object=bookmark, tag='django')
t2 = TaggedItem.objects.create(content_object=bookmark, tag='python')
with self.assertNumQueries(2):
tags = [t.tag for b in Bookmark.objects.prefetch_related('tags')
for t in b.tags.all()]
self.assertEqual(sorted(tags), ["django", "python"])
def test_charfield_GFK(self):
b = Bookmark.objects.create(url='http://www.djangoproject.com/')
t1 = TaggedItem.objects.create(content_object=b, tag='django')
t2 = TaggedItem.objects.create(content_object=b, favorite=b, tag='python')
with self.assertNumQueries(3):
bookmark = Bookmark.objects.filter(pk=b.pk).prefetch_related('tags', 'favorite_tags')[0]
self.assertEqual(sorted([i.tag for i in bookmark.tags.all()]), ["django", "python"])
self.assertEqual([i.tag for i in bookmark.favorite_tags.all()], ["python"])
class MultiTableInheritanceTest(TestCase):
def setUp(self):
self.book1 = BookWithYear.objects.create(
title="Poems", published_year=2010)
self.book2 = BookWithYear.objects.create(
title="More poems", published_year=2011)
self.author1 = AuthorWithAge.objects.create(
name='Jane', first_book=self.book1, age=50)
self.author2 = AuthorWithAge.objects.create(
name='Tom', first_book=self.book1, age=49)
self.author3 = AuthorWithAge.objects.create(
name='Robert', first_book=self.book2, age=48)
self.authorAddress = AuthorAddress.objects.create(
author=self.author1, address='SomeStreet 1')
self.book2.aged_authors.add(self.author2, self.author3)
self.br1 = BookReview.objects.create(
book=self.book1, notes="review book1")
self.br2 = BookReview.objects.create(
book=self.book2, notes="review book2")
def test_foreignkey(self):
with self.assertNumQueries(2):
qs = AuthorWithAge.objects.prefetch_related('addresses')
addresses = [[six.text_type(address) for address in obj.addresses.all()]
for obj in qs]
self.assertEqual(addresses, [[six.text_type(self.authorAddress)], [], []])
def test_foreignkey_to_inherited(self):
with self.assertNumQueries(2):
qs = BookReview.objects.prefetch_related('book')
titles = [obj.book.title for obj in qs]
self.assertEqual(titles, ["Poems", "More poems"])
def test_m2m_to_inheriting_model(self):
qs = AuthorWithAge.objects.prefetch_related('books_with_year')
with self.assertNumQueries(2):
lst = [[six.text_type(book) for book in author.books_with_year.all()]
for author in qs]
qs = AuthorWithAge.objects.all()
lst2 = [[six.text_type(book) for book in author.books_with_year.all()]
for author in qs]
self.assertEqual(lst, lst2)
qs = BookWithYear.objects.prefetch_related('aged_authors')
with self.assertNumQueries(2):
lst = [[six.text_type(author) for author in book.aged_authors.all()]
for book in qs]
qs = BookWithYear.objects.all()
lst2 = [[six.text_type(author) for author in book.aged_authors.all()]
for book in qs]
self.assertEqual(lst, lst2)
def test_parent_link_prefetch(self):
with self.assertNumQueries(2):
[a.author for a in AuthorWithAge.objects.prefetch_related('author')]
@override_settings(DEBUG=True)
def test_child_link_prefetch(self):
with self.assertNumQueries(2):
l = [a.authorwithage for a in Author.objects.prefetch_related('authorwithage')]
# Regression for #18090: the prefetching query must include an IN clause.
# Note that on Oracle the table name is upper case in the generated SQL,
# thus the .lower() call.
self.assertIn('authorwithage', connection.queries[-1]['sql'].lower())
self.assertIn(' IN ', connection.queries[-1]['sql'])
self.assertEqual(l, [a.authorwithage for a in Author.objects.all()])
class ForeignKeyToFieldTest(TestCase):
def setUp(self):
self.book = Book.objects.create(title="Poems")
self.author1 = Author.objects.create(name='Jane', first_book=self.book)
self.author2 = Author.objects.create(name='Tom', first_book=self.book)
self.author3 = Author.objects.create(name='Robert', first_book=self.book)
self.authorAddress = AuthorAddress.objects.create(
author=self.author1, address='SomeStreet 1'
)
FavoriteAuthors.objects.create(author=self.author1,
likes_author=self.author2)
FavoriteAuthors.objects.create(author=self.author2,
likes_author=self.author3)
FavoriteAuthors.objects.create(author=self.author3,
likes_author=self.author1)
def test_foreignkey(self):
with self.assertNumQueries(2):
qs = Author.objects.prefetch_related('addresses')
addresses = [[six.text_type(address) for address in obj.addresses.all()]
for obj in qs]
self.assertEqual(addresses, [[six.text_type(self.authorAddress)], [], []])
def test_m2m(self):
with self.assertNumQueries(3):
qs = Author.objects.all().prefetch_related('favorite_authors', 'favors_me')
favorites = [(
[six.text_type(i_like) for i_like in author.favorite_authors.all()],
[six.text_type(likes_me) for likes_me in author.favors_me.all()]
) for author in qs]
self.assertEqual(
favorites,
[
([six.text_type(self.author2)],[six.text_type(self.author3)]),
([six.text_type(self.author3)],[six.text_type(self.author1)]),
([six.text_type(self.author1)],[six.text_type(self.author2)])
]
)
class LookupOrderingTest(TestCase):
"""
Test cases that demonstrate that ordering of lookups is important, and
ensure it is preserved.
"""
def setUp(self):
self.person1 = Person.objects.create(name="Joe")
self.person2 = Person.objects.create(name="Mary")
self.house1 = House.objects.create(address="123 Main St")
self.house2 = House.objects.create(address="45 Side St")
self.house3 = House.objects.create(address="6 Downing St")
self.house4 = House.objects.create(address="7 Regents St")
self.room1_1 = Room.objects.create(name="Dining room", house=self.house1)
self.room1_2 = Room.objects.create(name="Lounge", house=self.house1)
self.room1_3 = Room.objects.create(name="Kitchen", house=self.house1)
self.room2_1 = Room.objects.create(name="Dining room", house=self.house2)
self.room2_2 = Room.objects.create(name="Lounge", house=self.house2)
self.room3_1 = Room.objects.create(name="Dining room", house=self.house3)
self.room3_2 = Room.objects.create(name="Lounge", house=self.house3)
self.room3_3 = Room.objects.create(name="Kitchen", house=self.house3)
self.room4_1 = Room.objects.create(name="Dining room", house=self.house4)
self.room4_2 = Room.objects.create(name="Lounge", house=self.house4)
self.person1.houses.add(self.house1, self.house2)
self.person2.houses.add(self.house3, self.house4)
def test_order(self):
with self.assertNumQueries(4):
# The following two queries must be done in the same order as written,
# otherwise 'primary_house' will cause non-prefetched lookups
qs = Person.objects.prefetch_related('houses__rooms',
'primary_house__occupants')
[list(p.primary_house.occupants.all()) for p in qs]
class NullableTest(TestCase):
def setUp(self):
boss = Employee.objects.create(name="Peter")
worker1 = Employee.objects.create(name="Joe", boss=boss)
worker2 = Employee.objects.create(name="Angela", boss=boss)
def test_traverse_nullable(self):
# Because we use select_related() for 'boss', it doesn't need to be
# prefetched, but we can still traverse it although it contains some nulls
with self.assertNumQueries(2):
qs = Employee.objects.select_related('boss').prefetch_related('boss__serfs')
co_serfs = [list(e.boss.serfs.all()) if e.boss is not None else []
for e in qs]
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qs2 = Employee.objects.select_related('boss')
co_serfs2 = [list(e.boss.serfs.all()) if e.boss is not None else []
for e in qs2]
self.assertEqual(co_serfs, co_serfs2)
def test_prefetch_nullable(self):
# One for main employee, one for boss, one for serfs
with self.assertNumQueries(3):
qs = Employee.objects.prefetch_related('boss__serfs')
co_serfs = [list(e.boss.serfs.all()) if e.boss is not None else []
for e in qs]
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qs2 = Employee.objects.all()
co_serfs2 = [list(e.boss.serfs.all()) if e.boss is not None else []
for e in qs2]
self.assertEqual(co_serfs, co_serfs2)
def test_in_bulk(self):
"""
In-bulk does correctly prefetch objects by not using .iterator()
directly.
"""
boss1 = Employee.objects.create(name="Peter")
boss2 = Employee.objects.create(name="Jack")
with self.assertNumQueries(2):
# Check that prefetch is done and it does not cause any errors.
bulk = Employee.objects.prefetch_related('serfs').in_bulk([boss1.pk, boss2.pk])
for b in bulk.values():
list(b.serfs.all())
class MultiDbTests(TestCase):
multi_db = True
def test_using_is_honored_m2m(self):
B = Book.objects.using('other')
A = Author.objects.using('other')
book1 = B.create(title="Poems")
book2 = B.create(title="Jane Eyre")
book3 = B.create(title="Wuthering Heights")
book4 = B.create(title="Sense and Sensibility")
author1 = A.create(name="Charlotte", first_book=book1)
author2 = A.create(name="Anne", first_book=book1)
author3 = A.create(name="Emily", first_book=book1)
author4 = A.create(name="Jane", first_book=book4)
book1.authors.add(author1, author2, author3)
book2.authors.add(author1)
book3.authors.add(author3)
book4.authors.add(author4)
# Forward
qs1 = B.prefetch_related('authors')
with self.assertNumQueries(2, using='other'):
books = "".join(["%s (%s)\n" %
(book.title, ", ".join(a.name for a in book.authors.all()))
for book in qs1])
self.assertEqual(books,
"Poems (Charlotte, Anne, Emily)\n"
"Jane Eyre (Charlotte)\n"
"Wuthering Heights (Emily)\n"
"Sense and Sensibility (Jane)\n")
# Reverse
qs2 = A.prefetch_related('books')
with self.assertNumQueries(2, using='other'):
authors = "".join(["%s: %s\n" %
(author.name, ", ".join(b.title for b in author.books.all()))
for author in qs2])
self.assertEqual(authors,
"Charlotte: Poems, Jane Eyre\n"
"Anne: Poems\n"
"Emily: Poems, Wuthering Heights\n"
"Jane: Sense and Sensibility\n")
def test_using_is_honored_fkey(self):
B = Book.objects.using('other')
A = Author.objects.using('other')
book1 = B.create(title="Poems")
book2 = B.create(title="Sense and Sensibility")
author1 = A.create(name="Charlotte Bronte", first_book=book1)
author2 = A.create(name="Jane Austen", first_book=book2)
# Forward
with self.assertNumQueries(2, using='other'):
books = ", ".join(a.first_book.title for a in A.prefetch_related('first_book'))
self.assertEqual("Poems, Sense and Sensibility", books)
# Reverse
with self.assertNumQueries(2, using='other'):
books = "".join("%s (%s)\n" %
(b.title, ", ".join(a.name for a in b.first_time_authors.all()))
for b in B.prefetch_related('first_time_authors'))
self.assertEqual(books,
"Poems (Charlotte Bronte)\n"
"Sense and Sensibility (Jane Austen)\n")
def test_using_is_honored_inheritance(self):
B = BookWithYear.objects.using('other')
A = AuthorWithAge.objects.using('other')
book1 = B.create(title="Poems", published_year=2010)
book2 = B.create(title="More poems", published_year=2011)
author1 = A.create(name='Jane', first_book=book1, age=50)
author2 = A.create(name='Tom', first_book=book1, age=49)
# parent link
with self.assertNumQueries(2, using='other'):
authors = ", ".join(a.author.name for a in A.prefetch_related('author'))
self.assertEqual(authors, "Jane, Tom")
# child link
with self.assertNumQueries(2, using='other'):
ages = ", ".join(str(a.authorwithage.age) for a in A.prefetch_related('authorwithage'))
self.assertEqual(ages, "50, 49")
class Ticket19607Tests(TestCase):
def setUp(self):
for id, name1, name2 in [
(1, 'einfach', 'simple'),
(2, 'schwierig', 'difficult'),
]:
LessonEntry.objects.create(id=id, name1=name1, name2=name2)
for id, lesson_entry_id, name in [
(1, 1, 'einfach'),
(2, 1, 'simple'),
(3, 2, 'schwierig'),
(4, 2, 'difficult'),
]:
WordEntry.objects.create(id=id, lesson_entry_id=lesson_entry_id, name=name)
def test_bug(self):
list(WordEntry.objects.prefetch_related('lesson_entry', 'lesson_entry__wordentry_set'))