Refs #23919 -- Stopped inheriting from object to define new style classes.

django/apps/config.py

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ from django.utils.module_loading import module_has_submodule
 MODELS_MODULE_NAME = 'models'
 
 
-class AppConfig(object):
+class AppConfig:
     """
     Class representing a Django application and its configuration.
     """

django/apps/registry.py

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ from django.core.exceptions import AppRegistryNotReady, ImproperlyConfigured
 from .config import AppConfig
 
 
-class Apps(object):
+class Apps:
     """
     A registry that stores the configuration of installed applications.
 

django/conf/__init__.py

@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ class LazySettings(LazyObject):
         return self._wrapped is not empty
 
 
-class Settings(object):
+class Settings:
     def __init__(self, settings_module):
         # update this dict from global settings (but only for ALL_CAPS settings)
         for setting in dir(global_settings):
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ class Settings(object):
         }
 
 
-class UserSettingsHolder(object):
+class UserSettingsHolder:
     """
     Holder for user configured settings.
     """

django/contrib/admin/checks.py

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ def check_dependencies(**kwargs):
     return errors
 
 
-class BaseModelAdminChecks(object):
+class BaseModelAdminChecks:
 
     def check(self, admin_obj, **kwargs):
         errors = []

django/contrib/admin/filters.py

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ from django.utils.encoding import force_text
 from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
 
 
-class ListFilter(object):
+class ListFilter:
     title = None  # Human-readable title to appear in the right sidebar.
     template = 'admin/filter.html'
 

django/contrib/admin/helpers.py

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ class ActionForm(forms.Form):
 checkbox = forms.CheckboxInput({'class': 'action-select'}, lambda value: False)
 
 
-class AdminForm(object):
+class AdminForm:
     def __init__(self, form, fieldsets, prepopulated_fields, readonly_fields=None, model_admin=None):
         self.form, self.fieldsets = form, fieldsets
         self.prepopulated_fields = [{
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ class AdminForm(object):
         return media
 
 
-class Fieldset(object):
+class Fieldset:
     def __init__(self, form, name=None, readonly_fields=(), fields=(), classes=(),
                  description=None, model_admin=None):
         self.form = form
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ class Fieldset(object):
             yield Fieldline(self.form, field, self.readonly_fields, model_admin=self.model_admin)
 
 
-class Fieldline(object):
+class Fieldline:
     def __init__(self, form, field, readonly_fields=None, model_admin=None):
         self.form = form  # A django.forms.Form instance
         if not hasattr(field, "__iter__") or isinstance(field, str):
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ class Fieldline(object):
         )
 
 
-class AdminField(object):
+class AdminField:
     def __init__(self, form, field, is_first):
         self.field = form[field]  # A django.forms.BoundField instance
         self.is_first = is_first  # Whether this field is first on the line
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ class AdminField(object):
         return mark_safe(self.field.errors.as_ul())
 
 
-class AdminReadonlyField(object):
+class AdminReadonlyField:
     def __init__(self, form, field, is_first, model_admin=None):
         # Make self.field look a little bit like a field. This means that
         # {{ field.name }} must be a useful class name to identify the field.
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ class AdminReadonlyField(object):
         return conditional_escape(result_repr)
 
 
-class InlineAdminFormSet(object):
+class InlineAdminFormSet:
     """
     A wrapper around an inline formset for use in the admin system.
     """

django/contrib/admin/sites.py

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ class NotRegistered(Exception):
     pass
 
 
-class AdminSite(object):
+class AdminSite:
     """
     An AdminSite object encapsulates an instance of the Django admin application, ready
     to be hooked in to your URLconf. Models are registered with the AdminSite using the

django/contrib/admin/views/main.py

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ IGNORED_PARAMS = (
     ALL_VAR, ORDER_VAR, ORDER_TYPE_VAR, SEARCH_VAR, IS_POPUP_VAR, TO_FIELD_VAR)
 
 
-class ChangeList(object):
+class ChangeList:
     def __init__(self, request, model, list_display, list_display_links,
                  list_filter, date_hierarchy, search_fields, list_select_related,
                  list_per_page, list_max_show_all, list_editable, model_admin):

django/contrib/auth/backends.py

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ from django.contrib.auth.models import Permission
 UserModel = get_user_model()
 
 
-class ModelBackend(object):
+class ModelBackend:
     """
     Authenticates against settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL.
     """

django/contrib/auth/context_processors.py

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 # the template system can understand.
 
 
-class PermLookupDict(object):
+class PermLookupDict:
     def __init__(self, user, app_label):
         self.user, self.app_label = user, app_label
 
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ class PermLookupDict(object):
         return type(self).__bool__(self)
 
 
-class PermWrapper(object):
+class PermWrapper:
     def __init__(self, user):
         self.user = user
 

django/contrib/auth/hashers.py

@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ def mask_hash(hash, show=6, char="*"):
     return masked
 
 
-class BasePasswordHasher(object):
+class BasePasswordHasher:
     """
     Abstract base class for password hashers
 

django/contrib/auth/mixins.py

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ from django.core.exceptions import ImproperlyConfigured, PermissionDenied
 from django.utils.encoding import force_text
 
 
-class AccessMixin(object):
+class AccessMixin:
     """
     Abstract CBV mixin that gives access mixins the same customizable
     functionality.

django/contrib/auth/models.py

@@ -372,7 +372,7 @@ class User(AbstractUser):
         swappable = 'AUTH_USER_MODEL'
 
 
-class AnonymousUser(object):
+class AnonymousUser:
     id = None
     pk = None
     username = ''

django/contrib/auth/password_validation.py

@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ def _password_validators_help_text_html(password_validators=None):
 password_validators_help_text_html = lazy(_password_validators_help_text_html, str)
 
 
-class MinimumLengthValidator(object):
+class MinimumLengthValidator:
     """
     Validate whether the password is of a minimum length.
     """
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ class MinimumLengthValidator(object):
         ) % {'min_length': self.min_length}
 
 
-class UserAttributeSimilarityValidator(object):
+class UserAttributeSimilarityValidator:
     """
     Validate whether the password is sufficiently different from the user's
     attributes.
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ class UserAttributeSimilarityValidator(object):
         return _("Your password can't be too similar to your other personal information.")
 
 
-class CommonPasswordValidator(object):
+class CommonPasswordValidator:
     """
     Validate whether the password is a common password.
 
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ class CommonPasswordValidator(object):
         return _("Your password can't be a commonly used password.")
 
 
-class NumericPasswordValidator(object):
+class NumericPasswordValidator:
     """
     Validate whether the password is alphanumeric.
     """

django/contrib/auth/tokens.py

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ from django.utils.crypto import constant_time_compare, salted_hmac
 from django.utils.http import base36_to_int, int_to_base36
 
 
-class PasswordResetTokenGenerator(object):
+class PasswordResetTokenGenerator:
     """
     Strategy object used to generate and check tokens for the password
     reset mechanism.

django/contrib/auth/views.py

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ from django.views.generic.edit import FormView
 UserModel = get_user_model()
 
 
-class SuccessURLAllowedHostsMixin(object):
+class SuccessURLAllowedHostsMixin:
     success_url_allowed_hosts = set()
 
     def get_success_url_allowed_hosts(self):
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@ def password_reset_complete(request,
 #   prompts for a new password
 # - PasswordResetCompleteView shows a success message for the above
 
-class PasswordContextMixin(object):
+class PasswordContextMixin:
     extra_context = None
 
     def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):

django/contrib/contenttypes/fields.py

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ from django.utils.encoding import force_text
 from django.utils.functional import cached_property
 
 
-class GenericForeignKey(object):
+class GenericForeignKey:
     """
     Provide a generic many-to-one relation through the ``content_type`` and
     ``object_id`` fields.

django/contrib/gis/db/backends/base/adapter.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-class WKTAdapter(object):
+class WKTAdapter:
     """
     This provides an adaptor for Geometries sent to the
     MySQL and Oracle database backends.

django/contrib/gis/db/backends/base/features.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import re
 from django.contrib.gis.db.models import aggregates
 
 
-class BaseSpatialFeatures(object):
+class BaseSpatialFeatures:
     gis_enabled = True
 
     # Does the database contain a SpatialRefSys model to store SRID information?

django/contrib/gis/db/backends/base/models.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 from django.contrib.gis import gdal
 
 
-class SpatialRefSysMixin(object):
+class SpatialRefSysMixin:
     """
     The SpatialRefSysMixin is a class used by the database-dependent
     SpatialRefSys objects to reduce redundant code.

django/contrib/gis/db/backends/base/operations.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-class BaseSpatialOperations(object):
+class BaseSpatialOperations:
     """
     This module holds the base `BaseSpatialBackend` object, which is
     instantiated by each spatial database backend with the features

django/contrib/gis/db/backends/postgis/adapter.py

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ from django.contrib.gis.db.backends.postgis.pgraster import to_pgraster
 from django.contrib.gis.geometry.backend import Geometry
 
 
-class PostGISAdapter(object):
+class PostGISAdapter:
     def __init__(self, obj, geography=False):
         """
         Initialize on the spatial object.

django/contrib/gis/db/backends/utils.py

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ backends.
 """
 
 
-class SpatialOperator(object):
+class SpatialOperator:
     """
     Class encapsulating the behavior specific to a GIS operation (used by lookups).
     """

django/contrib/gis/db/models/fields.py

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ def get_srid_info(srid, connection):
     return _srid_cache[alias][srid]
 
 
-class GeoSelectFormatMixin(object):
+class GeoSelectFormatMixin:
     def select_format(self, compiler, sql, params):
         """
         Returns the selection format string, depending on the requirements

django/contrib/gis/db/models/functions.py

@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ class GeoFuncWithGeoParam(GeoFunc):
         super(GeoFuncWithGeoParam, self).__init__(expression, GeomValue(geom), *expressions, **extra)
 
 
-class SQLiteDecimalToFloatMixin(object):
+class SQLiteDecimalToFloatMixin:
     """
     By default, Decimal values are converted to str by the SQLite backend, which
     is not acceptable by the GIS functions expecting numeric values.
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ class SQLiteDecimalToFloatMixin(object):
         return super(SQLiteDecimalToFloatMixin, self).as_sql(compiler, connection)
 
 
-class OracleToleranceMixin(object):
+class OracleToleranceMixin:
     tolerance = 0.05
 
     def as_oracle(self, compiler, connection):
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ class Difference(OracleToleranceMixin, GeoFuncWithGeoParam):
     arity = 2
 
 
-class DistanceResultMixin(object):
+class DistanceResultMixin:
     def source_is_geography(self):
         return self.get_source_fields()[0].geography and self.srid == 4326
 

django/contrib/gis/db/models/sql/conversion.py

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ from django.contrib.gis.geometry.backend import Geometry
 from django.contrib.gis.measure import Area, Distance
 
 
-class BaseField(object):
+class BaseField:
     empty_strings_allowed = True
 
     def get_db_converters(self, connection):

django/contrib/gis/feeds.py

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ from django.contrib.syndication.views import Feed as BaseFeed
 from django.utils.feedgenerator import Atom1Feed, Rss201rev2Feed
 
 
-class GeoFeedMixin(object):
+class GeoFeedMixin:
     """
     This mixin provides the necessary routines for SyndicationFeed subclasses
     to produce simple GeoRSS or W3C Geo elements.

django/contrib/gis/gdal/envelope.py

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ class OGREnvelope(Structure):
                 ]
 
 
-class Envelope(object):
+class Envelope:
     """
     The Envelope object is a C structure that contains the minimum and
     maximum X, Y coordinates for a rectangle bounding box.  The naming

django/contrib/gis/gdal/geomtype.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 from django.contrib.gis.gdal.error import GDALException
 
 
-class OGRGeomType(object):
+class OGRGeomType:
     "Encapsulates OGR Geometry Types."
 
     wkb25bit = -2147483648

django/contrib/gis/geoip2/base.py

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class GeoIP2Exception(Exception):
     pass
 
 
-class GeoIP2(object):
+class GeoIP2:
     # The flags for GeoIP memory caching.
     # Try MODE_MMAP_EXT, MODE_MMAP, MODE_FILE in that order.
     MODE_AUTO = 0

django/contrib/gis/geos/geometry.py

@@ -656,7 +656,7 @@ class GEOSGeometry(GEOSBase, ListMixin):
         return GEOSGeometry(capi.geom_clone(self.ptr), srid=self.srid)
 
 
-class LinearGeometryMixin(object):
+class LinearGeometryMixin:
     """
     Used for LineString and MultiLineString.
     """

django/contrib/gis/geos/libgeos.py

@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ def get_pointer_arr(n):
 lgeos = SimpleLazyObject(load_geos)
 
 
-class GEOSFuncFactory(object):
+class GEOSFuncFactory:
     """
     Lazy loading of GEOS functions.
     """

django/contrib/gis/geos/mutable_list.py

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ from functools import total_ordering
 
 
 @total_ordering
-class ListMixin(object):
+class ListMixin:
     """
     A base class which provides complete list interface.
     Derived classes must call ListMixin's __init__() function

django/contrib/gis/geos/prototypes/threadsafe.py

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class GEOSContext(threading.local):
 thread_context = GEOSContext()
 
 
-class GEOSFunc(object):
+class GEOSFunc:
     """
     Class that serves as a wrapper for GEOS C Functions, and will
     use thread-safe function variants when available.

django/contrib/gis/measure.py

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ def pretty_name(obj):
 
 
 @total_ordering
-class MeasureBase(object):
+class MeasureBase:
     STANDARD_UNIT = None
     ALIAS = {}
     UNITS = {}

django/contrib/gis/ptr.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 from ctypes import c_void_p
 
 
-class CPointerBase(object):
+class CPointerBase:
     """
     Base class for objects that have a pointer access property
     that controls access to the underlying C pointer.

django/contrib/gis/serializers/geojson.py

@@ -65,6 +65,6 @@ class Serializer(JSONSerializer):
             super(Serializer, self).handle_field(obj, field)
 
 
-class Deserializer(object):
+class Deserializer:
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         raise SerializerDoesNotExist("geojson is a serialization-only serializer")

django/contrib/gis/utils/layermapping.py

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ class MissingForeignKey(LayerMapError):
     pass
 
 
-class LayerMapping(object):
+class LayerMapping:
     "A class that maps OGR Layers to GeoDjango Models."
 
     # Acceptable 'base' types for a multi-geometry type.

django/contrib/messages/storage/base.py

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ from django.utils.encoding import force_text
 LEVEL_TAGS = utils.get_level_tags()
 
 
-class Message(object):
+class Message:
     """
     Represents an actual message that can be stored in any of the supported
     storage classes (typically session- or cookie-based) and rendered in a view
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ class Message(object):
         return force_text(LEVEL_TAGS.get(self.level, ''), strings_only=True)
 
 
-class BaseStorage(object):
+class BaseStorage:
     """
     This is the base backend for temporary message storage.
 

django/contrib/messages/views.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 from django.contrib import messages
 
 
-class SuccessMessageMixin(object):
+class SuccessMessageMixin:
     """
     Adds a success message on successful form submission.
     """

django/contrib/postgres/fields/array.py

@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ class IndexTransform(Transform):
         return self.base_field
 
 
-class IndexTransformFactory(object):
+class IndexTransformFactory:
 
     def __init__(self, index, base_field):
         self.index = index
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ class SliceTransform(Transform):
         return '%s[%s:%s]' % (lhs, self.start, self.end), params
 
 
-class SliceTransformFactory(object):
+class SliceTransformFactory:
 
     def __init__(self, start, end):
         self.start = start

django/contrib/postgres/fields/hstore.py

@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ class KeyTransform(Transform):
         return "(%s -> '%s')" % (lhs, self.key_name), params
 
 
-class KeyTransformFactory(object):
+class KeyTransformFactory:
 
     def __init__(self, key_name):
         self.key_name = key_name

django/contrib/postgres/fields/jsonb.py

@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ class KeyTextTransform(KeyTransform):
     _output_field = TextField()
 
 
-class KeyTransformTextLookupMixin(object):
+class KeyTransformTextLookupMixin:
     """
     Mixin for combining with a lookup expecting a text lhs from a JSONField
     key lookup. Make use of the ->> operator instead of casting key values to
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ KeyTransform.register_lookup(KeyTransformRegex)
 KeyTransform.register_lookup(KeyTransformIRegex)
 
 
-class KeyTransformFactory(object):
+class KeyTransformFactory:
 
     def __init__(self, key_name):
         self.key_name = key_name

django/contrib/postgres/fields/utils.py

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
-class AttributeSetter(object):
+class AttributeSetter:
     def __init__(self, name, value):
         setattr(self, name, value)

django/contrib/postgres/search.py

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ class SearchQueryField(Field):
         return 'tsquery'
 
 
-class SearchVectorCombinable(object):
+class SearchVectorCombinable:
     ADD = '||'
 
     def _combine(self, other, connector, reversed, node=None):
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ class CombinedSearchVector(SearchVectorCombinable, CombinedExpression):
         super(CombinedSearchVector, self).__init__(lhs, connector, rhs, output_field)
 
 
-class SearchQueryCombinable(object):
+class SearchQueryCombinable:
     BITAND = '&&'
     BITOR = '||'
 

django/contrib/postgres/validators.py

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ class ArrayMinLengthValidator(MinLengthValidator):
 
 
 @deconstructible
-class KeysValidator(object):
+class KeysValidator:
     """A validator designed for HStore to require/restrict keys."""
 
     messages = {

django/contrib/sessions/backends/base.py

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ class UpdateError(Exception):
     pass
 
 
-class SessionBase(object):
+class SessionBase:
     """
     Base class for all Session classes.
     """

django/contrib/sessions/serializers.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import pickle
 from django.core.signing import JSONSerializer as BaseJSONSerializer
 
 
-class PickleSerializer(object):
+class PickleSerializer:
     """
     Simple wrapper around pickle to be used in signing.dumps and
     signing.loads.

django/contrib/sitemaps/__init__.py

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ def _get_sitemap_full_url(sitemap_url):
     return 'http://%s%s' % (current_site.domain, sitemap_url)
 
 
-class Sitemap(object):
+class Sitemap:
     # This limit is defined by Google. See the index documentation at
     # http://www.sitemaps.org/protocol.html#index.
     limit = 50000

django/contrib/sites/requests.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-class RequestSite(object):
+class RequestSite:
     """
     A class that shares the primary interface of Site (i.e., it has
     ``domain`` and ``name`` attributes) but gets its data from a Django

django/contrib/staticfiles/finders.py

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ from django.utils.module_loading import import_string
 searched_locations = []
 
 
-class BaseFinder(object):
+class BaseFinder:
     """
     A base file finder to be used for custom staticfiles finder classes.
     """

django/contrib/staticfiles/storage.py

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ class StaticFilesStorage(FileSystemStorage):
         return super(StaticFilesStorage, self).path(name)
 
 
-class HashedFilesMixin(object):
+class HashedFilesMixin:
     default_template = """url("%s")"""
     max_post_process_passes = 5
     patterns = (
@@ -434,7 +434,7 @@ class ManifestFilesMixin(HashedFilesMixin):
         return urlunsplit(unparsed_name)
 
 
-class _MappingCache(object):
+class _MappingCache:
     """
     A small dict-like wrapper for a given cache backend instance.
     """

django/contrib/syndication/views.py

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ class FeedDoesNotExist(ObjectDoesNotExist):
     pass
 
 
-class Feed(object):
+class Feed:
     feed_type = feedgenerator.DefaultFeed
     title_template = None
     description_template = None

django/core/cache/__init__.py

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ def _create_cache(backend, **kwargs):
     return backend_cls(location, params)
 
 
-class CacheHandler(object):
+class CacheHandler:
     """
     A Cache Handler to manage access to Cache instances.
 
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ class CacheHandler(object):
 caches = CacheHandler()
 
 
-class DefaultCacheProxy(object):
+class DefaultCacheProxy:
     """
     Proxy access to the default Cache object's attributes.
 

django/core/cache/backends/base.py

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ def get_key_func(key_func):
     return default_key_func
 
 
-class BaseCache(object):
+class BaseCache:
     def __init__(self, params):
         timeout = params.get('timeout', params.get('TIMEOUT', 300))
         if timeout is not None:

django/core/cache/backends/db.py

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ from django.utils import timezone
 from django.utils.encoding import force_bytes
 
 
-class Options(object):
+class Options:
     """A class that will quack like a Django model _meta class.
 
     This allows cache operations to be controlled by the router
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ class BaseDatabaseCache(BaseCache):
         BaseCache.__init__(self, params)
         self._table = table
 
-        class CacheEntry(object):
+        class CacheEntry:
             _meta = Options(table)
         self.cache_model_class = CacheEntry
 

django/core/checks/messages.py

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ERROR = 40
 CRITICAL = 50
 
 
-class CheckMessage(object):
+class CheckMessage:
 
     def __init__(self, level, msg, hint=None, obj=None, id=None):
         assert isinstance(level, int), "The first argument should be level."

django/core/checks/registry.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ from itertools import chain
 from django.utils.itercompat import is_iterable
 
 
-class Tags(object):
+class Tags:
     """
     Built-in tags for internal checks.
     """
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ class Tags(object):
     urls = 'urls'
 
 
-class CheckRegistry(object):
+class CheckRegistry:
 
     def __init__(self):
         self.registered_checks = []

django/core/files/storage.py

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ from django.utils.text import get_valid_filename
 __all__ = ('Storage', 'FileSystemStorage', 'DefaultStorage', 'default_storage')
 
 
-class Storage(object):
+class Storage:
     """
     A base storage class, providing some default behaviors that all other
     storage systems can inherit or override, as necessary.

django/core/files/uploadhandler.py

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ class StopFutureHandlers(UploadFileException):
     pass
 
 
-class FileUploadHandler(object):
+class FileUploadHandler:
     """
     Base class for streaming upload handlers.
     """

django/core/files/utils.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-class FileProxyMixin(object):
+class FileProxyMixin:
     """
     A mixin class used to forward file methods to an underlaying file
     object.  The internal file object has to be called "file"::

django/core/handlers/base.py

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ from .exception import convert_exception_to_response, get_exception_response
 logger = logging.getLogger('django.request')
 
 
-class BaseHandler(object):
+class BaseHandler:
 
     def __init__(self):
         self._request_middleware = None

django/core/handlers/wsgi.py

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ ISO_8859_1, UTF_8 = str('iso-8859-1'), str('utf-8')
 _slashes_re = re.compile(br'/+')
 
 
-class LimitedStream(object):
+class LimitedStream:
     '''
     LimitedStream wraps another stream in order to not allow reading from it
     past specified amount of bytes.

django/core/mail/backends/base.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 """Base email backend class."""
 
 
-class BaseEmailBackend(object):
+class BaseEmailBackend:
     """
     Base class for email backend implementations.
 

django/core/mail/message.py

@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ class SafeMIMEMultipart(MIMEMixin, MIMEMultipart):
         MIMEMultipart.__setitem__(self, name, val)
 
 
-class EmailMessage(object):
+class EmailMessage:
     """
     A container for email information.
     """

django/core/mail/utils.py

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import socket
 
 # Cache the hostname, but do it lazily: socket.getfqdn() can take a couple of
 # seconds, which slows down the restart of the server.
-class CachedDnsName(object):
+class CachedDnsName:
     def __str__(self):
         return self.get_fqdn()
 

django/core/management/__init__.py

@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ def call_command(command_name, *args, **options):
     return command.execute(*args, **defaults)
 
 
-class ManagementUtility(object):
+class ManagementUtility:
     """
     Encapsulates the logic of the django-admin and manage.py utilities.
 

django/core/management/base.py

@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ def handle_default_options(options):
         sys.path.insert(0, options.pythonpath)
 
 
-class OutputWrapper(object):
+class OutputWrapper:
     """
     Wrapper around stdout/stderr
     """
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ class OutputWrapper(object):
         self._out.write(force_str(style_func(msg)))
 
 
-class BaseCommand(object):
+class BaseCommand:
     """
     The base class from which all management commands ultimately
     derive.

django/core/management/color.py

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ def supports_color():
     return True
 
 
-class Style(object):
+class Style:
     pass
 
 

django/core/management/commands/makemessages.py

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ def check_programs(*programs):
 
 
 @total_ordering
-class TranslatableFile(object):
+class TranslatableFile:
     def __init__(self, dirpath, file_name, locale_dir):
         self.file = file_name
         self.dirpath = dirpath
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ class TranslatableFile(object):
         return os.path.join(self.dirpath, self.file)
 
 
-class BuildFile(object):
+class BuildFile:
     """
     Represents the state of a translatable file during the build process.
     """

django/core/paginator.py

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ class EmptyPage(InvalidPage):
     pass
 
 
-class Paginator(object):
+class Paginator:
 
     def __init__(self, object_list, per_page, orphans=0,
                  allow_empty_first_page=True):

django/core/serializers/__init__.py

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ BUILTIN_SERIALIZERS = {
 _serializers = {}
 
 
-class BadSerializer(object):
+class BadSerializer:
     """
     Stub serializer to hold exception raised during registration
 
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ def register_serializer(format, serializer_module, serializers=None):
     except ImportError as exc:
         bad_serializer = BadSerializer(exc)
 
-        module = type('BadSerializerModule', (object,), {
+        module = type('BadSerializerModule', (), {
             'Deserializer': bad_serializer,
             'Serializer': bad_serializer,
         })

django/core/serializers/base.py

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class DeserializationError(Exception):
         return cls("%s: (%s:pk=%s) field_value was '%s'" % (original_exc, model, fk, field_value))
 
 
-class ProgressBar(object):
+class ProgressBar:
     progress_width = 75
 
     def __init__(self, output, total_count):
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ class ProgressBar(object):
         self.output.flush()
 
 
-class Serializer(object):
+class Serializer:
     """
     Abstract serializer base class.
     """
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ class Deserializer:
         raise NotImplementedError('subclasses of Deserializer must provide a __next__() method')
 
 
-class DeserializedObject(object):
+class DeserializedObject:
     """
     A deserialized model.
 

django/core/servers/basehttp.py

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ def is_broken_pipe_error():
     return issubclass(exc_type, socket.error) and exc_value.args[0] == 32
 
 
-class WSGIServer(simple_server.WSGIServer, object):
+class WSGIServer(simple_server.WSGIServer):
     """BaseHTTPServer that implements the Python WSGI protocol"""
 
     request_queue_size = 10
@@ -84,14 +84,14 @@ class WSGIServer(simple_server.WSGIServer, object):
 
 
 # Inheriting from object required on Python 2.
-class ServerHandler(simple_server.ServerHandler, object):
+class ServerHandler(simple_server.ServerHandler):
     def handle_error(self):
         # Ignore broken pipe errors, otherwise pass on
         if not is_broken_pipe_error():
             super(ServerHandler, self).handle_error()
 
 
-class WSGIRequestHandler(simple_server.WSGIRequestHandler, object):
+class WSGIRequestHandler(simple_server.WSGIRequestHandler):
     def address_string(self):
         # Short-circuit parent method to not call socket.getfqdn
         return self.client_address[0]

django/core/signing.py

@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ def get_cookie_signer(salt='django.core.signing.get_cookie_signer'):
     return Signer(b'django.http.cookies' + key, salt=salt)
 
 
-class JSONSerializer(object):
+class JSONSerializer:
     """
     Simple wrapper around json to be used in signing.dumps and
     signing.loads.
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ def loads(s, key=None, salt='django.core.signing', serializer=JSONSerializer, ma
     return serializer().loads(data)
 
 
-class Signer(object):
+class Signer:
 
     def __init__(self, key=None, sep=':', salt=None):
         # Use of native strings in all versions of Python

django/core/validators.py

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ def _lazy_re_compile(regex, flags=0):
 
 
 @deconstructible
-class RegexValidator(object):
+class RegexValidator:
     regex = ''
     message = _('Enter a valid value.')
     code = 'invalid'
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ def validate_integer(value):
 
 
 @deconstructible
-class EmailValidator(object):
+class EmailValidator:
     message = _('Enter a valid email address.')
     code = 'invalid'
     user_regex = _lazy_re_compile(
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ validate_comma_separated_integer_list = int_list_validator(
 
 
 @deconstructible
-class BaseValidator(object):
+class BaseValidator:
     message = _('Ensure this value is %(limit_value)s (it is %(show_value)s).')
     code = 'limit_value'
 
@@ -384,7 +384,7 @@ class MaxLengthValidator(BaseValidator):
 
 
 @deconstructible
-class DecimalValidator(object):
+class DecimalValidator:
     """
     Validate that the input does not exceed the maximum number of digits
     expected, otherwise raise ValidationError.
@@ -453,7 +453,7 @@ class DecimalValidator(object):
 
 
 @deconstructible
-class FileExtensionValidator(object):
+class FileExtensionValidator:
     message = _(
         "File extension '%(extension)s' is not allowed. "
         "Allowed extensions are: '%(allowed_extensions)s'."

django/db/__init__.py

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ router = ConnectionRouter()
 # that the database backends care about.
 # We load all these up for backwards compatibility, you should use
 # connections['default'] instead.
-class DefaultConnectionProxy(object):
+class DefaultConnectionProxy:
     """
     Proxy for accessing the default DatabaseWrapper object's attributes. If you
     need to access the DatabaseWrapper object itself, use

django/db/backends/base/base.py

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ from django.utils.functional import cached_property
 NO_DB_ALIAS = '__no_db__'
 
 
-class BaseDatabaseWrapper(object):
+class BaseDatabaseWrapper:
     """
     Represents a database connection.
     """

django/db/backends/base/client.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-class BaseDatabaseClient(object):
+class BaseDatabaseClient:
     """
     This class encapsulates all backend-specific methods for opening a
     client shell.

django/db/backends/base/creation.py

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ from django.db import router
 TEST_DATABASE_PREFIX = 'test_'
 
 
-class BaseDatabaseCreation(object):
+class BaseDatabaseCreation:
     """
     This class encapsulates all backend-specific differences that pertain to
     creation and destruction of the test database.

django/db/backends/base/features.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ from django.db.utils import ProgrammingError
 from django.utils.functional import cached_property
 
 
-class BaseDatabaseFeatures(object):
+class BaseDatabaseFeatures:
     gis_enabled = False
     allows_group_by_pk = False
     allows_group_by_selected_pks = False

django/db/backends/base/introspection.py

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ TableInfo = namedtuple('TableInfo', ['name', 'type'])
 FieldInfo = namedtuple('FieldInfo', 'name type_code display_size internal_size precision scale null_ok default')
 
 
-class BaseDatabaseIntrospection(object):
+class BaseDatabaseIntrospection:
     """
     This class encapsulates all backend-specific introspection utilities
     """

django/db/backends/base/operations.py

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ from django.utils.dateparse import parse_duration
 from django.utils.encoding import force_text
 
 
-class BaseDatabaseOperations(object):
+class BaseDatabaseOperations:
     """
     This class encapsulates all backend-specific differences, such as the way
     a backend performs ordering or calculates the ID of a recently-inserted

django/db/backends/base/schema.py

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ def _related_non_m2m_objects(old_field, new_field):
     )
 
 
-class BaseDatabaseSchemaEditor(object):
+class BaseDatabaseSchemaEditor:
     """
     This class (and its subclasses) are responsible for emitting schema-changing
     statements to the databases - model creation/removal/alteration, field

django/db/backends/base/validation.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-class BaseDatabaseValidation(object):
+class BaseDatabaseValidation:
     """
     This class encapsulates all backend-specific validation.
     """

django/db/backends/mysql/base.py

@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ server_version_re = re.compile(r'(\d{1,2})\.(\d{1,2})\.(\d{1,2})')
 # standard backend_utils.CursorDebugWrapper can be used. Also, using sql_mode
 # TRADITIONAL will automatically cause most warnings to be treated as errors.
 
-class CursorWrapper(object):
+class CursorWrapper:
     """
     A thin wrapper around MySQLdb's normal cursor class so that we can catch
     particular exception instances and reraise them with the right types.

django/db/backends/oracle/base.py

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ from .schema import DatabaseSchemaEditor                    # NOQA isort:skip
 from .utils import Oracle_datetime                          # NOQA isort:skip
 
 
-class _UninitializedOperatorsDescriptor(object):
+class _UninitializedOperatorsDescriptor:
 
     def __get__(self, instance, cls=None):
         # If connection.operators is looked up before a connection has been
@@ -306,7 +306,7 @@ class DatabaseWrapper(BaseDatabaseWrapper):
             return None
 
 
-class OracleParam(object):
+class OracleParam:
     """
     Wrapper object for formatting parameters for Oracle. If the string
     representation of the value is large enough (greater than 4000 characters)
@@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ class OracleParam(object):
             self.input_size = None
 
 
-class VariableWrapper(object):
+class VariableWrapper:
     """
     An adapter class for cursor variables that prevents the wrapped object
     from being converted into a string when used to instantiate an OracleParam.
@@ -375,7 +375,7 @@ class VariableWrapper(object):
             setattr(self.var, key, value)
 
 
-class FormatStylePlaceholderCursor(object):
+class FormatStylePlaceholderCursor:
     """
     Django uses "format" (e.g. '%s') style placeholders, but Oracle uses ":var"
     style. This fixes it -- but note that if you want to use a literal "%s" in

django/db/backends/oracle/utils.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import datetime
 from .base import Database
 
 
-class InsertIdVar(object):
+class InsertIdVar:
     """
     A late-binding cursor variable that can be passed to Cursor.execute
     as a parameter, in order to receive the id of the row created by an

django/db/backends/sqlite3/introspection.py

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ def get_field_size(name):
 # This light wrapper "fakes" a dictionary interface, because some SQLite data
 # types include variables in them -- e.g. "varchar(30)" -- and can't be matched
 # as a simple dictionary lookup.
-class FlexibleFieldLookupDict(object):
+class FlexibleFieldLookupDict:
     # Maps SQL types to Django Field types. Some of the SQL types have multiple
     # entries here because SQLite allows for anything and doesn't normalize the
     # field type; it uses whatever was given.

django/db/backends/utils.py

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ from django.utils.timezone import utc
 logger = logging.getLogger('django.db.backends')
 
 
-class CursorWrapper(object):
+class CursorWrapper:
     def __init__(self, cursor, db):
         self.cursor = cursor
         self.db = db

django/db/migrations/autodetector.py

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ from django.db.migrations.utils import (
 from .topological_sort import stable_topological_sort
 
 
-class MigrationAutodetector(object):
+class MigrationAutodetector:
     """
     Takes a pair of ProjectStates, and compares them to see what the
     first would need doing to make it match the second (the second

django/db/migrations/executor.py

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ from .recorder import MigrationRecorder
 from .state import ProjectState
 
 
-class MigrationExecutor(object):
+class MigrationExecutor:
     """
     End-to-end migration execution - loads migrations, and runs them
     up or down to a specified set of targets.

django/db/migrations/graph.py

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ RECURSION_DEPTH_WARNING = (
 
 
 @total_ordering
-class Node(object):
+class Node:
     """
     A single node in the migration graph. Contains direct links to adjacent
     nodes in either direction.
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ class DummyNode(Node):
         raise NodeNotFoundError(self.error_message, self.key, origin=self.origin)
 
 
-class MigrationGraph(object):
+class MigrationGraph:
     """
     Represents the digraph of all migrations in a project.
 

django/db/migrations/loader.py

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ from .exceptions import (
 MIGRATIONS_MODULE_NAME = 'migrations'
 
 
-class MigrationLoader(object):
+class MigrationLoader:
     """
     Loads migration files from disk, and their status from the database.
 

django/db/migrations/migration.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ from django.db.transaction import atomic
 from .exceptions import IrreversibleError
 
 
-class Migration(object):
+class Migration:
     """
     The base class for all migrations.
 

django/db/migrations/operations/base.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 from django.db import router
 
 
-class Operation(object):
+class Operation:
     """
     Base class for migration operations.
 

django/db/migrations/optimizer.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-class MigrationOptimizer(object):
+class MigrationOptimizer:
     """
     Powers the optimization process, where you provide a list of Operations
     and you are returned a list of equal or shorter length - operations

django/db/migrations/questioner.py

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ from django.utils import datetime_safe, timezone
 from .loader import MigrationLoader
 
 
-class MigrationQuestioner(object):
+class MigrationQuestioner:
     """
     Gives the autodetector responses to questions it might have.
     This base class has a built-in noninteractive mode, but the

django/db/migrations/recorder.py

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ from django.utils.timezone import now
 from .exceptions import MigrationSchemaMissing
 
 
-class MigrationRecorder(object):
+class MigrationRecorder:
     """
     Deals with storing migration records in the database.
 

django/db/migrations/serializer.py

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ except ImportError:
     enum = None
 
 
-class BaseSerializer(object):
+class BaseSerializer:
     def __init__(self, value):
         self.value = value