[3.1.x] Fixed #31643 -- Changed virtualenv doc references to Python 3 venv.

Backport of 9f4ceee90a from master

docs/howto/deployment/wsgi/modwsgi.txt

@@ -48,9 +48,9 @@ your project package (``mysite`` in this example). This tells Apache to serve
 any request below the given URL using the WSGI application defined in that
 file.
 
-If you install your project's Python dependencies inside a `virtualenv`_, add
+If you install your project's Python dependencies inside a :mod:`virtual
-the path to the virtualenv using ``WSGIPythonHome``. See the `mod_wsgi
+environment <venv>`, add the path using ``WSGIPythonHome``. See the `mod_wsgi
-virtualenv guide`_ for more details.
+virtual environment guide`_ for more details.
 
 The ``WSGIPythonPath`` line ensures that your project package is available for
 import on the Python path; in other words, that ``import mysite`` works.
@@ -64,8 +64,7 @@ for you; otherwise, you'll need to create it. See the :doc:`WSGI overview
 documentation</howto/deployment/wsgi/index>` for the default contents you
 should put in this file, and what else you can add to it.
 
-.. _virtualenv: https://virtualenv.pypa.io/
+.. _mod_wsgi virtual environment guide: https://modwsgi.readthedocs.io/en/develop/user-guides/virtual-environments.html
-.. _mod_wsgi virtualenv guide: https://modwsgi.readthedocs.io/en/develop/user-guides/virtual-environments.html
 
 .. warning::
 

docs/howto/deployment/wsgi/uwsgi.txt

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ Here's an example command to start a uWSGI server::
         --harakiri=20 \                 # respawn processes taking more than 20 seconds
         --max-requests=5000 \           # respawn processes after serving 5000 requests
         --vacuum \                      # clear environment on exit
-        --home=/path/to/virtual/env \   # optional path to a virtualenv
+        --home=/path/to/virtual/env \   # optional path to a virtual environment
         --daemonize=/var/log/uwsgi/yourproject.log      # background the process
 
 This assumes you have a top-level project package named ``mysite``, and
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ The Django-specific options here are:
 * ``module``: The WSGI module to use -- probably the ``mysite.wsgi`` module
   that :djadmin:`startproject` creates.
 * ``env``: Should probably contain at least :envvar:`DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE`.
-* ``home``: Optional path to your project virtualenv.
+* ``home``: Optional path to your project virtual environment.
 
 Example ini configuration file::
 

docs/howto/upgrade-version.txt

@@ -87,8 +87,9 @@ Installation
 ============
 
 Once you're ready, it is time to :doc:`install the new Django version
-</topics/install>`. If you are using virtualenv_ and it is a major upgrade, you
+</topics/install>`. If you are using a :mod:`virtual environment <venv>` and it
-might want to set up a new environment with all the dependencies first.
+is a major upgrade, you might want to set up a new environment with all the
+dependencies first.
 
 If you installed Django with pip_, you can use the ``--upgrade`` or ``-U`` flag:
 
@@ -97,7 +98,6 @@ If you installed Django with pip_, you can use the ``--upgrade`` or ``-U`` flag:
    $ python -m pip install -U Django
 
 .. _pip: https://pip.pypa.io/
-.. _virtualenv: https://virtualenv.pypa.io/
 
 Testing
 =======

docs/internals/howto-release-django.txt

@@ -305,26 +305,27 @@ Now you're ready to actually put the release out there. To do this:
         $ scp Django-A.B.C.checksum.txt.asc djangoproject.com:/home/www/www/media/pgp/Django-A.B.C.checksum.txt
 
 #. Test that the release packages install correctly using ``easy_install``
-   and ``pip``. Here's one method (which requires `virtualenvwrapper`__)::
+   and ``pip``. Here's one method::
 
         $ RELEASE_VERSION='1.7.2'
         $ MAJOR_VERSION=`echo $RELEASE_VERSION| cut -c 1-3`
 
-        $ mktmpenv
+        $ python -m venv django-easy-install
+        $ . django-easy-install/bin/activate
         $ easy_install https://www.djangoproject.com/m/releases/$MAJOR_VERSION/Django-$RELEASE_VERSION.tar.gz
         $ deactivate
-        $ mktmpenv
+        $ python -m venv django-pip
+        $ . django-pip/bin/activate
         $ python -m pip install https://www.djangoproject.com/m/releases/$MAJOR_VERSION/Django-$RELEASE_VERSION.tar.gz
         $ deactivate
-        $ mktmpenv
+        $ python -m venv django-pip-wheel
+        $ . django-pip-wheel/bin/activate
         $ python -m pip install https://www.djangoproject.com/m/releases/$MAJOR_VERSION/Django-$RELEASE_VERSION-py3-none-any.whl
         $ deactivate
 
    This just tests that the tarballs are available (i.e. redirects are up) and
    that they install correctly, but it'll catch silly mistakes.
 
-   __ https://pypi.org/project/virtualenvwrapper/
-
 #. Ask a few people on IRC to verify the checksums by visiting the checksums
    file (e.g. https://www.djangoproject.com/m/pgp/Django-1.5b1.checksum.txt)
    and following the instructions in it. For bonus points, they can also unpack

docs/intro/contributing.txt

@@ -152,8 +152,7 @@ If the ``source`` command is not available, you can try using a dot instead:
     $ . ~/.virtualenvs/djangodev/bin/activate
 
 You have to activate the virtual environment whenever you open a new
-terminal window. virtualenvwrapper__ is a useful tool for making this
+terminal window.
-more convenient.
 
 .. admonition:: For Windows users
 
@@ -163,8 +162,6 @@ more convenient.
 
         ...\> %HOMEPATH%\.virtualenvs\djangodev\Scripts\activate.bat
 
-__ https://virtualenvwrapper.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
-
 The name of the currently activated virtual environment is displayed on the
 command line to help you keep track of which one you are using. Anything you
 install through ``pip`` while this name is displayed will be installed in that

docs/intro/reusable-apps.txt

@@ -277,8 +277,8 @@ working. We'll now fix this by installing our new ``django-polls`` package.
    users of the machine.
 
    Note that per-user installations can still affect the behavior of system
-   tools that run as that user, so ``virtualenv`` is a more robust solution
+   tools that run as that user, so using a virtual environment is a more robust
-   (see below).
+   solution (see below).
 
 #. To install the package, use pip (you already :ref:`installed it
    <installing-reusable-apps-prerequisites>`, right?)::
@@ -307,8 +307,8 @@ the world! If this wasn't just an example, you could now:
   tutorial <https://packaging.python.org/tutorials/packaging-projects/#uploading-the-distribution-archives>`_
   for doing this.
 
-Installing Python packages with virtualenv
+Installing Python packages with a virtual environment
-==========================================
+=====================================================
 
 Earlier, we installed the polls app as a user library. This has some
 disadvantages:
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ disadvantages:
   the same name).
 
 Typically, these situations only arise once you're maintaining several Django
-projects. When they do, the best solution is to use `virtualenv
+projects. When they do, the best solution is to use :doc:`venv
-<https://virtualenv.pypa.io/>`_. This tool allows you to maintain multiple
+<python:tutorial/venv>`. This tool allows you to maintain multiple isolated
-isolated Python environments, each with its own copy of the libraries and
+Python environments, each with its own copy of the libraries and package
-package namespace.
+namespace.

docs/spelling_wordlist

@@ -778,8 +778,6 @@ versioned
 versioning
 vertices
 viewable
-virtualenv
-virtualenvs
 virtualized
 Weblog
 whitelist

docs/topics/install.txt

@@ -137,11 +137,11 @@ This is the recommended way to install Django.
    it's outdated. If it's outdated, you'll know because installation won't
    work.
 
-#. Take a look at virtualenv_ and virtualenvwrapper_. These tools provide
+#. Take a look at :doc:`venv <python:tutorial/venv>`. This tool provides
    isolated Python environments, which are more practical than installing
-   packages systemwide. They also allow installing packages without
+   packages systemwide. It also allows installing packages without
    administrator privileges. The :doc:`contributing tutorial
-   </intro/contributing>` walks through how to create a virtualenv.
+   </intro/contributing>` walks through how to create a virtual environment.
 
 #. After you've created and activated a virtual environment, enter the command:
 
@@ -150,8 +150,6 @@ This is the recommended way to install Django.
         $ python -m pip install Django
 
 .. _pip: https://pip.pypa.io/
-.. _virtualenv: https://virtualenv.pypa.io/
-.. _virtualenvwrapper: https://virtualenvwrapper.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
 .. _standalone pip installer: https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/installing/#installing-with-get-pip-py
 
 .. _installing-distribution-package:
@@ -198,11 +196,12 @@ latest bug fixes and improvements, follow these instructions:
    This will create a directory ``django`` in your current directory.
 
 #. Make sure that the Python interpreter can load Django's code. The most
-   convenient way to do this is to use virtualenv_, virtualenvwrapper_, and
+   convenient way to do this is to use a virtual environment and pip_. The
-   pip_. The :doc:`contributing tutorial </intro/contributing>` walks through
+   :doc:`contributing tutorial </intro/contributing>` walks through how to
-   how to create a virtualenv.
+   create a virtual environment.
 
-#. After setting up and activating the virtualenv, run the following command:
+#. After setting up and activating the virtual environment, run the following
+   command:
 
    .. console::